JP5745622B2 - 太陽電池およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 190
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 147
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
第2導電層の厚さは、20μm〜100μmであり得る。本発明の一実施形態にかかる太陽電池は、第1導電層上に位置し、複数のナノ構造体の下端と接する1つ以上の電子移送体をさらに含むことができる。第2導電層および電子移送体は、互いに同一の金属を含むことができる。金属は、アルミニウム(Al)、銀(Ag)、ニッケル(Ni)、金(Au)および白金(Pt)からなる群より選択された1つ以上の元素であり得る。1つ以上の電子移送体は、複数の電子移送体を含み、複数の電子移送体は、互いに離隔できる。電子移送体の平均直径は、複数のナノ構造体の平均直径より大きくなり得る。
10、50:導電層
101、291:板面
20:ナノ構造体
20s:下面
22:誘電体層
24:電子移送体
29:基板
30:樹脂層
301:ホール
21、40、402、404、406:半導体層
40a、40b:半導体部
401a:上端
60、62:コンタクト電極
64:反射防止膜
70:カバー層
80:引出配線
P:受動素子
Claims (18)
- 透明電極として光が入射され透過される第1導電層と、
前記第1導電層上に位置し、前記第1導電層の板面に交差する方向に伸び、互いに離隔した複数のナノ構造体と、
前記第1導電層上に位置し、前記複数のナノ構造体間の空間に充填された樹脂層と、前記樹脂層上に位置し、前記複数のナノ構造体を覆う1つ以上の半導体層と、
前記半導体層を覆い、前記第1導電層の光透過率より低い光透過率を有する第2導電層および
前記第1導電層上に位置し、前記複数のナノ構造体の下端と接する1つ以上の電子移送体とを含み、
前記複数のナノ構造体の直径は前記第1導電層の板面から遠くなるほど小さくなることを特徴とする太陽電池。 - 前記複数のナノ構造体の表面上に位置し、前記樹脂層と接する誘電体層をさらに含み、前記誘電体層は前記ナノ構造体の表面と前記樹脂層との間に配置され、且つ、前記ナノ構造体と前記半導体との間には配置されていないことを特徴とする請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第2導電層および前記電子移送体は、互いに同一の金属を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記1つ以上の電子移送体は、複数の電子移送体を含み、前記複数の電子移送体は、互いに離隔していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記電子移送体の平均直径は、前記複数のナノ構造体の平均直径より大きいことを特徴とする請求項4記載の太陽電池。
- 前記電子移送体は、前記第1導電層を覆い、前記電子移送体は、p+型半導体物質またはn+型半導体物質を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記1つ以上の半導体層は、複数の半導体層を含み、前記複数の半導体層のうち、前記電子移送体と接する半導体層は、真性物質を含むことを特徴とする請求項6記載の太陽電池。
- 前記1つ以上の半導体層は、複数の半導体層を含み、前記複数の半導体層のうちの1つ以上の半導体層は、
前記複数の第1ナノ構造体上に位置する複数の第1半導体部と、
前記第1半導体部に連結されて一体に形成され、前記樹脂層上に位置する第2半導体部とを含み、
前記複数の第1半導体部の上端部間の幅は、100nm〜2μmであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の太陽電池。 - 前記誘電体層は、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)、窒化シリコン(SiNx)、炭化シリコン(SiC)および二酸化シリコン(SiOx)からなる群より選択された1つ以上の物質を含むことを特徴とする請求項2記載の太陽電池。
- 透明電極として光が入射され透過される第1導電層と、
前記第1導電層上に位置し、前記第1導電層の板面に交差する方向に伸び、互いに離隔した複数のナノ構造体と、
前記複数のナノ構造体を覆う複数の半導体層と、
前記複数の半導体層を覆い、前記第1導電層の光透過率より低い光透過率を有する第2導電層とを含み、
前記複数の半導体層のうちの1つ以上の半導体層は、
前記複数の第1ナノ構造体上に位置する複数の第1半導体部と、
前記複数の第1半導体部に連結されて一体に形成され、前記第1導電層上に位置する第2半導体部、および
前記第1導電層を覆い、前記複数の半導体層と接し、p+型半導体物質またはn+型半導体物質を含む電子移送体とを含み、
前記複数のナノ構造体の直径は前記第1導電層の板面から遠くなるほど小さくなることを特徴とする太陽電池。 - 可視光線領域において、前記第2導電層の光透過率は、前記第1導電層の光透過率より90%〜99%低いことを特徴とする請求項1または10記載の太陽電池。
- 前記複数のナノ構造体は、
入射する光を閉じ込めるように適用された第1ナノ構造体と、
第1ナノ構造体と共に位置し、入射する光を電力に変換するように適用された第2ナノ構造体とを含むことを特徴とする請求項11記載の太陽電池。 - 前記第1導電層および前記複数のナノ構造体の間に位置する他の半導体層をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項10記載の太陽電池。
- 前記他の半導体層と接する前記複数のナノ構造体の下面は、凹凸に形成されたことを特徴とする請求項13記載の太陽電池。
- 基板と、前記基板上に位置し、互いに離隔し、その直径が前記基板の板面から遠くなるほど小さくなる複数のナノ構造体とを提供するステップと、
前記基板上に位置し、前記複数のナノ構造体間の空間を充填させる樹脂層を提供するステップと、
前記樹脂層の上部をエッチングして前記複数のナノ構造体を部分的に露出させるステップと、
前記露出した複数のナノ構造体上に1つ以上の半導体層を提供するステップと、
前記半導体層上に導電層を提供するステップと、
前記導電層を覆うカバー層を提供するステップと、
前記基板を分離させるステップと、
前記樹脂層をエッチングして前記複数のナノ構造体の下端を外部露出させるホールを前記樹脂層に形成するステップと、
前記ホールに電子移送体を提供するステップ、および
前記樹脂層の下に、前記導電層の光透過率より低い光透過率を有し、透明電極として光が入射され透過される他の導電層を提供するステップとを含むことを特徴とする太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記複数のナノ構造体を提供するステップの後であって、前記樹脂層を提供するステップの前に、前記複数のナノ構造体の表面上に位置する誘電体層を提供するステップをさらに含み、
前記複数のナノ構造体を部分的に露出させるステップにおいて、前記誘電体層のうち、前記樹脂層の上部と接する誘電体層をエッチングすることを特徴とする請求項15記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記電子移送体を提供するステップにおいて、前記電子移送体は、無電解メッキされて提供されることを特徴とする請求項15記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記基板と前記複数のナノ構造体とを提供するステップにおいて、前記複数のナノ構造体の直径は、前記基板の板面から遠くなるほど小さくなるように提供されたことを特徴とする請求項15記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
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JP2005310388A (ja) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-11-04 | Ebara Corp | 光電変換素子 |
AU2006297870B2 (en) | 2005-03-01 | 2009-04-30 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Three dimensional multi-junction photovoltaic device |
US20060207647A1 (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-21 | General Electric Company | High efficiency inorganic nanorod-enhanced photovoltaic devices |
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WO2008067824A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-12 | Københavns Universitet | An optical device |
US7977568B2 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2011-07-12 | General Electric Company | Multilayered film-nanowire composite, bifacial, and tandem solar cells |
US8106289B2 (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2012-01-31 | Banpil Photonics, Inc. | Hybrid photovoltaic device |
US20090200539A1 (en) | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-13 | Pengfei Qi | Composite Nanorod-Based Structures for Generating Electricity |
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US20100012190A1 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-21 | Hajime Goto | Nanowire photovoltaic cells and manufacture method thereof |
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WO2011152649A3 (ko) | 2012-04-19 |
US20130068298A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
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