JP5689680B2 - クロスベータ構造体でのタンパク質の凝集の標的化誘導 - Google Patents
クロスベータ構造体でのタンパク質の凝集の標的化誘導 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、特異的標的タンパク質の、制御された且つ誘導可能なタンパク質凝集のための技術に関する。本発明はまた、標的タンパク質に対するアフィニティを有する結合領域に連結された少なくとも1つのベータ凝集領域を含む新規に設計された分子(本明細書においては凝集誘導物質と称される)を提供する。好ましい実施形態においては、該凝集誘導物質分子は、標的タンパク質と結合(または相互作用)しうる領域に融合された少なくとも1つのベータ凝集領域を含む。選択された標的タンパク質と特異的に設計された凝集誘導物質分子とが接触すると、該標的と該凝集誘導物質との間で特異的な共凝集(co−aggregation)が生じて、該標的タンパク質の生物学的機能のダウンレギュレーションまたは機能的ノックアウトが生じる。このタンパク質ノックダウンは、該凝集誘導物質分子の存在により誘導される凝集物の存在を条件とする。もう1つの利点は、該凝集誘導物質分子内のベータ凝集領域の数を変化させることにより該タンパク質妨害の強度が実験的に制御されうることである。本発明は、特定の細胞外または細胞内タンパク質の生物学的機能をダウンレギュレーションするための効率的な研究手段を提供するだけでなく、重要な治療用途、農業用途および診断用途をも有する。
本発明において、本発明者らは、タンパク質に結合しうる領域と少なくとも1つのベータ凝集配列とを含む天然に存在しない分子の使用により該タンパク質の生物学的機能をダウンレギュレーションするための方法を開発した。標的タンパク質との接触に際して、天然に存在しない分子と該標的タンパク質との間で共凝集が生じる。該凝集は該標的をその可溶性環境から引き離し、該可溶性標的タンパク質の機能的ノックダウンを引き起こす。「凝集」に関しては、凝集は無定形または原線維状(アミロイドまたはクロスベータ線維状は同意義の用語である)の凝集を意味しうると理解される。実際には、ベータ凝集領域の種類が標的タンパク質の無定形または原線維状凝集の誘導を決定する。
ベータ凝集配列は疎水性であることが多いが、常にそうであるわけではない。例えば、酵母プリオンのベータ凝集(または自己会合)領域は相当に極性である。実際には、ポリペプチドまたはタンパク質に由来するアミノ酸領域のクロスベータ凝集は、(1)それが高い疎水性を有する、(2)それが良好なβシート傾向を有する、(3)それが低い実効電荷を有する、および(4)それが溶媒に露出された場合に開始しうる。したがって、ベータ凝集タンパク質領域(「セグメント」は「領域」と同意義の用語である)は大抵は、折り畳まれた(フォールディングした)状態で埋もれており、溶媒に露出されない。後者の点は、多数の球状タンパク質においては凝集がリフォールディング中に生じる、あるいは変性した若しくは部分的に折り畳まれた状態が有意に(すなわち、高濃度で)存在する条件下で生じる、あるいは不安定化条件もしくは突然変異の結果として生じるという実験的知見により証明されている。
タンパク質は、多数の酵素反応から、シグナルの伝達、そして構造の付与に及ぶ、広範な生物活性をもたらす。タンパク質の構造、存在量または活性における変化は多数の疾患の根本原因である。多数の薬物は1つ又は限られた数のタンパク質への特異的な妨害(干渉)を介して作用する。本発明は、標的タンパク質と相互作用しうる結合領域を利用することにより、選択された標的タンパク質を特異的に妨害する新規クラスの化合物を開発するための方法を提供する。これらの新規化合物は凝集誘導物質と称される。したがって、さらにもう1つの実施形態においては、本発明は、少なくとも1つのベータ凝集領域を含む天然に存在しない分子の、医薬としての使用を提供し、ここで、該ベータ凝集領域は、標的タンパク質と相互作用しうる領域に融合している。該結合領域は該凝集誘導物質分子の自己凝集を妨げる。該凝集誘導物質分子は、少なくとも1つの標的タンパク質(例えば、発癌性タンパク質)の異常発現を伴う疾患(例えば、癌)を治療するために、および/またはそのような疾患の治療のための医薬の製造において使用されうる。「異常発現」なる語は、例えば、癌の場合には発癌性タンパク質の(過剰)発現を意味し、それはドミナントネガティブタンパク質の発現、特定のタンパク質または特定のタンパク質のスプライス変異体の望ましくない局在化、特定のタンパク質の特定のスプライス変異体の望ましくない発現、突然変異タンパク質の、より高い活性、あるいは特定のタンパク質の、より高い活性をも含む。
もう1つの実施形態においては、本発明は、標的タンパク質に結合しうる領域に融合された少なくとも1つのベータ凝集領域を含む天然に存在しない分子にサンプルを接触させ、生じた共凝集した分子−タンパク質複合体を該サンプルから単離することを含む、タンパク質をサンプルから単離するための方法を提供する。換言すれば、本発明は、タンパク質をサンプルから単離するための方法であって、
・部分Aと部分Bとを含む天然に存在しない分子[ここで、i)部分Aは、タンパク質に結合しうる領域であり、ii)部分Bは、少なくとも3つの連続的アミノ酸よりなる少なくとも1つのベータ凝集領域を含み、場合によっては、部分Aと部分Bとの間にリンカーが存在しうる]に該タンパク質を接触させ、
・生じた共凝集した分子−タンパク質複合体を該サンプルから単離することを含む方法を提供する。
もう1つの実施形態においては、少なくとも1つのタンパク質の単離のための方法は更に、少なくとも1つのタンパク質をサンプルから分離することを含む。サンプルからの少なくとも1つのタンパク質の分離の1つの適用は、非常に豊富に存在しているタンパク質の、サンプルからの除去(または枯渇)である。実際、タンパク質標的の発見および実証における大きな課題は、複雑なタンパク質サンプル(例えば、血漿、尿、脳脊髄液)をどのようにして特異的に分析し微量標的を測定するかである。高存在量のタンパク質は、しばしば、低存在量のタンパク質より6〜10桁高い濃度で濃縮されている。したがって、医学的に重要な微量タンパク質を検出し測定するためには、高存在量のタンパク質を除去する必要がある。アルブミン、IgG、抗トリプシン、IgA、トランスフェリンおよびハプトグロビンがヒト血清中の全タンパク質含量の約90%に相当するため、これらの望ましくない高存在量タンパク質を迅速に除去し、より低い存在量の低分子量タンパク質生物マーカーをアンマスキングするための診断手段が決定的に必要とされている。当技術分野においては、以下の幾つかの方法が既に用いられている:1)高存在量タンパク質標的を捕捉し分離するためのアフィニティ試薬としての免疫グロブリンG(IgG);2)免疫グロブリン卵黄(IgY)は、免疫化されたトリの卵黄から単離されたIgG様抗体である;3)元の混合物中の或るタンパク質を除去するためにタンパク質の混合物を種々の画分へ分離するために予備分画を行う;ならびに4)プロテインAおよびプロテインGは、IgG抗体に対する特異性を有する細菌細胞壁タンパク質であり、したがって、プロテインAおよびGアフィニティ樹脂はIgGの除去をもたらす;ならびに5)IgG−およびIgY−ミクロビーズがタンパク質検出のために使用される。
もう1つの特定の実施形態においては、少なくとも1つのタンパク質の単離のための方法は更に、該分子−タンパク質複合体における少なくとも1つのタンパク質の検出を含む。
特に示さない限り、本明細書中で用いられている全ての科学技術用語は、本発明が属する技術分野の当業者により一般に理解されているのと同じ意義を有する。本明細書に記載されているものに類似または同等の任意の方法および材料が本発明の実施または試験において使用されうるが、好ましい方法および材料が記載されている。本発明の目的においては、以下の用語は以下のとおりに定義される。
この実施例においては、結合領域としてのビオチンを、それに連結されるベータ凝集領域に融合させることにより、凝集誘導物質を構築した。ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ(HRP)とストレプトアビジン[細菌ストレプトマイセス・アビジニィ(Streptomyces avidinii)からの60kDaタンパク質ストレプトアビジン]とのN末端融合タンパク質を除去するために、この凝集誘導物質を使用した。HRPは、3,3’,5,5’−テトラメチルベンジジン(TMB)を、370nmにおいて効率的に光を吸収する青色産物に変換する酵素である。ビオチン(結合要素としてのもの)はストレプトアビジンに対する強力なアフィニティを有する(ビオチン−ストレプトアビジン複合体の解離定数(Kd)は〜10−15 mol/Lのオーダーである)。大腸菌(E.coli)由来のベータ−ガラクトシダーゼからベータ凝集アミノ酸配列を特定するために、TANGOアルゴリズムを使用した。このベータ凝集配列を合成し(Jerini Peptide Technologies,Germanyから入手)、ビオチン分子(N末端融合体として)に連結して、以下の配列を有する凝集誘導物質を得た:ビオチン−ALAVVLQ−NH2。該凝集誘導物質での共凝集による溶液からの融合タンパク質HRP−ストレプトアビジンの除去を示すために、該凝集誘導物質を該ストレプトアビジン−HRP融合タンパク質と共にインキュベートした。この実験の目的は、ビオチン−ストレプトアビジン相互作用によりHRP酵素が該凝集誘導性ペプチドと共凝集することにより、可溶性画分におけるHRP活性の低下を引き起こさせることである。この目的のために、ストレプトアビジン−HRPストック溶液(AbD Serotec,製品番号710005)をPBS中で1:20,000希釈し、最終濃度1μMの該凝集誘導物質と共にインキュベートした。該サンプルを、750rpmで攪拌しながら室温で一晩インキュベートした。同じバッファー(PBS+10% DMSO)中の融合タンパク質SA−HRPのみからなる対照サンプルを含めた。また、特異性を示すために、非ビオチン化ベータ凝集配列の対照サンプルも含めた。一晩のインキュベーションの後、10℃での冷却ベンチ上のミクロフュージにおける17,000gで15分間の遠心分離により共凝集物質を該サンプルから除去した。上清のうちの10μLを回収し、96ウェルプレート(Falcon,353072)内の90μLのTMB溶液に加えた。この混合物を室温で1分間インキュベートし、ついで100μLの2M H2SO4の添加により該比色反応を停止させた。生じた黄色産物の吸光度を、Ultra Microplate Reader(BioTEK,ELX808IU)を使用して、OD450nmで測定した。図1は、遠心分離(前記を参照されたい)により凝集物を除去した後の上清中の残存HRP活性(%)を示す。凝集誘導物質(ビオチン化ペプチド)の存在は該可溶性画分から該酵素を明らかに除去している。
部分Bが3つの合成ベータ凝集領域よりなり、それらのベータ凝集領域を相互連結する2アミノ酸の短いリンカーを含有する(STLIVL−QN−STVIFE−QN−STVIFE)、凝集誘導物質分子を構築した。前記の3つのベータ凝集領域は、強力な凝集傾向を有するヘキサペプチドである。本発明の場合、全てのアミノ酸配列は、アミノ末端部分から始まりカルボキシ末端部分の方向へと読取られるように示されていることに注目されたい(例えば、「STLIVL」は「NH2−STLIVL−COOH」と解釈される)。該ベータ凝集領域の自己凝集を妨げ該ベータ凝集領域を周囲環境[この場合は大腸菌(E.coli)の細胞質ゾル]と直接的に接触させる結合領域(部分A)に該合成妨害分子の部分BをN末端融合させた(図1は該合成凝集誘導物質設計の構造を示す)。該結合領域は、ポリヒスチジンタグにN末端融合されたNusAタンパク質(これは組換えタンパク質製造における可溶化タグとして頻繁に使用される13)である。生じる合成妨害分子(A−B−ヒスチジンタグ構造)を大腸菌(E.coli)における組換え法により製造し、精製した。
Claims (10)
- タンパク質に結合しうる領域と少なくとも1つのベータ凝集配列とを含むキメラ分子に該タンパク質を接触させることを含む方法であって、タンパク質に結合しうる該領域は、免疫グロブリン、免疫グロブリン様ドメイン、又はビオチン−アビジン高アフィニティ相互作用の特異性に基づく結合ドメインである、タンパク質の生物学的機能をダウンレギュレーションするためのインビトロの方法。
- 該ベータ凝集配列が少なくとも3つの連続的アミノ酸よりなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該ベータ凝集配列と該タンパク質に結合しうる該領域との間にリンカーが存在する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 該リンカーがポリペプチドである、または非ポリペプチドの性質のものである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 該分子がポリペプチドであり、細胞または生物内に形質転換されると該細胞または生物において該ポリペプチドを産生する、組換えベクター上に存在するヌクレオチド配列によりコードされる、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- タンパク質に結合しうる領域と少なくとも1つのベータ凝集配列とを含んでなり、タンパク質に結合しうる前記領域により結合された前記タンパク質の生物学的機能をダウンレギュレーションすることができ、タンパク質に結合しうる該領域は、免疫グロブリン、免疫グロブリン様ドメイン、又はビオチン−アビジン高アフィニティ相互作用の特異性に基づく結合ドメインである、キメラ分子。
- ポリペプチドである請求項6に記載の分子をコードするポリヌクレオチドを含んでなる組換えベクター。
- 医薬として使用するための、請求項6に記載の分子又は請求項7に記載のベクター。
- タンパク質に結合しうる領域と少なくとも1つのベータ凝集配列とを含むキメラ分子にサンプルを接触させ、生じた共凝集した分子−タンパク質複合体を該サンプルから単離することを含む方法であって、タンパク質に結合しうる該領域は、免疫グロブリン、免疫グロブリン様ドメイン、又はビオチン−アビジン高アフィニティ相互作用の特異性に基づく結合ドメインである、タンパク質をサンプルから単離するための方法。
- 該サンプル中のタンパク質の検出を更に含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
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US8669418B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2014-03-11 | Vib Vzw | Means and methods for mediating protein interference |
CN103547296B (zh) * | 2011-03-11 | 2016-08-17 | 非营利性组织佛兰芒综合大学生物技术研究所 | 用于抑制和检测蛋白质的分子和方法 |
CN104955947A (zh) | 2013-01-29 | 2015-09-30 | 格拉斯哥大学董事会 | 用于增加植物中胁迫耐受性和生物量的方法和工具 |
US10472645B2 (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2019-11-12 | Basf Se | Methods and means for modulating flowering time in monocot plants |
WO2016050512A1 (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2016-04-07 | Bayer Cropscience Nv | Methods and means for increasing stress tolerance and biomass in plants |
WO2018206732A1 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-15 | Vib Vzw | Means and methods for treating bacterial infections |
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US6303567B1 (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 2001-10-16 | Praecis Pharmaceuticals, Inc . | Modulators of β-amyloid peptide aggregation comprising D-amino acids |
US6905686B1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2005-06-14 | Neuralab Limited | Active immunization for treatment of alzheimer's disease |
US20050026165A1 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2005-02-03 | Cindy Orser | Detection of conformationally altered proteins and prions |
US7345022B2 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2008-03-18 | Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College | Anti-fibril peptides |
US20060105320A1 (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2006-05-18 | The Whitehead Institute For Biomedical Research | Electrical conductors and devices from prion-like proteins |
JP5173426B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-25 | 2013-04-03 | メルク・シャープ・エンド・ドーム・コーポレイション | 抗addl抗体およびこの使用 |
US8114832B2 (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2012-02-14 | Crossbeta Biosciences B.V. | Method for detecting and/or removing a protein comprising a cross-beta structure from a pharmaceutical composition |
US20070015133A1 (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-18 | Umc Utrecht Holding B.V. | Method for detecting and/or removing protein and/or peptide comprising a cross-beta structure from an aqueous solution comprising a protein |
CA2632331C (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2015-02-10 | Vib Vzw | Molecules with a beta-aggregating region and their use in inducing protein aggregation |
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EP2162461B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
JP2010528637A (ja) | 2010-08-26 |
IL202355A (en) | 2015-11-30 |
BRPI0812348A2 (pt) | 2015-01-27 |
US20100256069A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
EP2162461A1 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
CN104758918A (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
JP2015057387A (ja) | 2015-03-26 |
DK2162461T3 (en) | 2017-07-10 |
CN101772512A (zh) | 2010-07-07 |
BRPI0812348B1 (pt) | 2019-07-09 |
CA2689120C (en) | 2017-07-11 |
BRPI0812348B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
CA2689120A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
AU2008258636A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
WO2008148751A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
AU2008258636B2 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
IL202355A0 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
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