JP5686478B2 - Rail fixing device to track sleepers - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rail fixing device to a sleeper of a track provided with a side shoulder parallel to the rail. The invention relates in particular to an improvement which makes it possible to control the clamping stress exerted by the elastic fasteners which form part of the fixing device.

  The rail of the railroad track is installed and fixed to the sleeper of the railroad via an elastic fastener. For example, a known track sleeper defines two parallel shoulders with a flat central opening to accommodate such rails, each shoulder being spaced from the edge of the rail side flange. An elastic track pad placed under the rail is arranged on the sleeper and is configured to accommodate the rail bottom. This track pad transmits normal stress to the track as the train passes.

  On each side of the rail, a side stopper is disposed between the edge of the rail flange and the shoulder adjacent to the sleeper. The side stopper transmits the lateral stress of the rail to the track.

  Such fixing is performed by an elastically deformable plate (substantially trapezoidal) elastic fastener that abuts between the shoulder and the rail flange. A fastener fixed to the sleeper passes through the elastic fastener, is supported by the fastener at a distance from the rail flange, and performs elastic fastening under stress. Such fasteners (screw spikes or bolts) exert a vertical stress on the elastic fastener or move in the vertical direction. Furthermore, an insulating plate having no mechanical function is often arranged between the elastic fastener and the flange and shoulder. The insulating plate is disposed under the elastic fastener. The insulating plate electrically insulates the fastener from the rail.

  The stress exerted perpendicularly to the rail flange via the elastic fastener is one important feature of the fixation device. This feature has a direct impact on the longitudinal slip resistance of the rail against the track sleeper, which is important when using welded long rails. In general, elastic fasteners are made of spring steel that is placed under stress while imposing deformation control. This stress can cause natural wear on the components of the fastening device over the years, but it must nevertheless remain as constant as possible. When there is such wear, the value of the initial stress applied to the elastic fastener forming the spring tends to weaken.

  It is an object of the present invention to better control the clamping force applied to an elastic fastener by blocking the elastic fastener when a predetermined enfoncement is reached.

In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus for fixing a rail to a sleeper of a track having a side shoulder, which includes a side stopper disposed between the side shoulder and an edge of a rail flange, and the side shoulder. An elastic fastener supported between the flange and exhibiting a deformable plate shape as a whole, and an insulation made of an electrically insulating material disposed between the flange and the side shoulder under the elastic fastener A plate and a fastener that is fixed to the sleeper and passes through the elastic fastener and abuts against the elastic fastener, the side stopper being held by the sleeper, includes a contact zone in contact with the elastic fastener, wherein the contact zone, between the side shoulder and a vertical plane passing through the axis of the parallel and the fastener rail It is substantially located.

  In this way, the side stopper additionally serves as a thick block arranged between the elastic fastener and between the sleepers. By restricting the sinking of the elastic fastener, the deflection of the steel plate constituting the fastener is restricted, and the steel plate is brought into contact with the rail while adjusting the strength of the force. However, the position of the contact zone is specified such that the elastic fastener can be freely deformed between the fastener and the contact zone on the rail flange. In this way, most of the elastic fasteners can be elastically deformed (while being partially loosened) and can accompany the sinking of the rail as the train passes. This flexibility eliminates the risk of contact loss between the elastic fastener and the rail even when the rail is somewhat sunk during the passage of the train.

  Therefore, by blocking the elastic fastener at the time of initial tightening according to the present invention, when the rail sinks vertically when the train passes, the tightening can be controlled without impairing the elasticity of the fastener.

According to one possible embodiment, the side stop includes a passage tube part through which the fastener passes, and the contact zone consists of a part of the upper surface of the passage tube part .

Advantageously, the upper surface includes a slope portion inclined downward, level surface of the lower one of said inclined portion is positioned adjacent to the rail.

The insulating plate preferably has a wide central tube portion, and the passage tube portion is engaged with the central tube portion. In this way, the insulating plate does not interfere with the passage tube portion and sufficiently serves as a stopper that limits the deformation of the elastic fastener.

  Advantageously, the insulating plate and the side stop include cooperating locking means. They can therefore be assembled and mounted together along the track. However, for regularly spaced locations, only the side stoppers are installed to act as rail installation guides (the width of the side stopper corresponds to the distance separating the edge of the rail flange from the edge of the side shoulder). In this case, the insulating plate is locked to the side stopper after the rail is installed. Advantageously, the side stopper is composed of a very hard synthetic material, for example polyamide reinforced with glass fibres, while the insulating plate is in each case a less strong material, for example ordinary polyamide. Can be composed of no material.

  The present invention will be further understood and other aspects of the invention will be understood from the following description given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, which shows a device for securing a rail to a rail sleeper in accordance with the principles of the invention. It will become clearer.

It is a partially exploded perspective view which shows the place which assembles a rail between the two fixing devices by this invention. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the place which assembled the rail. It is a perspective view which shows the side stopper by this invention. FIG. 4 is a bottom view of FIG. 3. It is a perspective view which shows the plate which consists of insulating materials. FIG. 5 is a bottom view of FIG. 4. It is a figure which shows the place which assembles a side stopper and an insulation plate previously.

The figure shows a rail 11 that has a flat bottom and is installed in a hollowed portion 14 of a sleeper 13 that defines two side shoulders 15. The rail is held by sleepers via a track pad 17 which is elastically slightly compressible. This track pad transmits the vertical stress of the train to the sleeper 13 of the track. On each side of the rail, a side stopper 19 is disposed between one side of the shoulder 15 and the edge of the rail flange 21. The side stopper 19 transmits the lateral stress of the rail to the track. The side stopper occupies the space between the edge of the flange 21 and the edge of the shoulder 15. The rail is secured to the sleeper 13 via a deformable elastic fastener 23 in the form of a substantially trapezoidal plate. Such a metal elastic fastener is provided between the shoulder 15 and the flange 21 while a plate 25 made of an electrically insulating material is interposed between the rail flange 21 and the shoulder 15 under the elastic fastener. Supported .

  The fastener 27 (cooperating with the elastic fastener 23) here comprises a rod 29 threaded at the upper end and a nut 31. The rod is embedded and adhered to the sleeper 13. The rod 29 passes through the side stopper 19, the insulating plate 25, and the elastic fastener 23. The nut 31 is screwed to the threaded end of this rod, and the assembly comprising the elastic fastener 23 and the insulating plate 25 is brought into contact with the rail flange 21 and the shoulder 15. Since the tightening of the nut is accompanied by elastic deformation of the elastic fastener 23, the tightening is reliably performed in proportion to the pushing of the nut.

According to one important feature of the invention, the side stop 19 abuts against the sleeper 13 between the shoulder and the edge of the rail flange and on its upper part a contact zone 33 which is in contact with the elastic fastener 23. Contains. This contact zone 33 is mainly located between the side shoulder 15 and a vertical plane passing through the axis of the rod 29 which is parallel to the rail and forms part of the fastener. In an embodiment, the contact zone is arranged between the shoulder and the rod 29.

The side stopper 19 is provided with a passage tube portion 35 for the rod 29 of the fastener. The contact zone 33 that restricts deformation of the elastic fastener 23 is constituted by a part of the upper surface 37 of the passage tube portion 35. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper surface 37 of the passage tube portion includes a horizontal portion that forms the contact zone 33, the horizontal portion is adjacent to the inclined portion 41, and the inclined portion is separated from the level surface above the inclined portion 41. , Extending away from the rail. More specifically, the level surface below the inclined portion 41 is disposed adjacent to the rail. Accordingly, the elastic fastener 23 can accurately control deformation due to the presence of the contact zone 33, and as a result, can accurately control the tightening obtained by the elastic fastener 23, while facing the inclined portion 41. This contact zone is free and the entire elasticity is retained between the fastener 27 and the rail 11.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the insulating plate 25 has a relatively wide central tube portion 45, and the passage tube portion 35 is engaged with the central tube portion. For this reason, the insulating plate 25 does not interfere with the passage pipe portion even when the elastic fastener 23 is bent downward when the train passes. The rail sinks slightly while compressing the track pad, but the position between the rail and the side stopper is maintained because the rail flange and the elastic fastener 23 remain in contact.

  The insulating plate 25 has two locking branches 47 that cooperate with the side stopper cutouts 49. These locking means cooperate to allow the two elements to be pre-assembled and then installed along the rail. On the other hand, the side stopper alone can serve as a guide means for installing the rail. In this case, the insulating plate is locked in place after the rail is installed.

Claims (6)

A rail fixing device for a rail sleeper having a side shoulder, comprising: a side stopper (19) disposed between the side shoulder (15) and an edge of a rail flange (21); and the side shoulder. And an elastic fastener (23) which is supported between the flange and the flange and exhibits a deformable plate shape as a whole, and an electric insulation disposed between the flange and the side shoulder under the elastic fastener The insulating plate (25) made of a material, and a fastener (27) fixed to the sleeper and passing through the elastic fastener and abutting against the elastic fastener, the side stopper (19) ) is being held by the railroad tie, wherein the resilient fastener and in contact with which contact zone (33) thereon, said contact zone, and the side shoulder (15), the rail Apparatus characterized by being substantially localization between the vertical plane (P) passing through the axis of the parallel and the fastener.   The side stopper (19) includes a passage tube portion (35) through which the fastener passes, and the contact zone (33) is constituted by a part of the upper surface of the passage tube portion. The apparatus of claim 1. 3. A device according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface includes a downwardly inclined inclined portion (41), the lower level surface of the inclined portion being arranged adjacent to the rail. . Said upper surface comprises a horizontal portion forming the contact zone (33), said horizontal portion adjacent to the inclined portion, characterized in that by extending the inclined portion from the level surface of the upper The apparatus of claim 3. Characterized in that the insulating plate (25) has a central tube section (45), said insulating plate the passage pipe portion is engaged with the central tube portion is so as not to interfere with the passage tube section The device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 . 6. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating plate and the side stopper comprise cooperating locking means (47, 49).