JP5683904B2 - DPF control device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device for a DPF.

  Conventionally, a work vehicle such as a crane equipped with a diesel engine has a DPF (Diesel Particulate filter) in the middle of the exhaust path in order to reduce the amount of particulate matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas. It is common to install.

  The filter built in the DPF has a porous honeycomb structure made of ceramic or the like, and the amount of PM in the exhaust gas is reduced by collecting PM passing through the filter by a porous partition wall. .

  Therefore, when PM is accumulated, the porous partition wall is clogged, and the exhaust resistance increases. In view of this, DPFs equipped with regenerating means for removing PM collected by porous partition walls by burning have come into widespread use.

  The regeneration means performs post-injection at a timing later than the main injection near the compression top dead center by the fuel injection device of the diesel engine, thereby oxidizing the fuel on the catalyst of the filter and burning PM by reaction heat.

  However, when this type of regeneration means is applied to a work vehicle such as a crane, a diesel engine is also used as a power source for the work machine. Therefore, when regeneration is automatically performed by the regeneration means, the rotational speed of the diesel engine is reduced. There was a problem that work suddenly changed and the work became unstable.

  Thus, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an exhaust emission control device that includes a DPF and a control device, and is configured so that a regeneration control command is not output from the control device under conditions where the PTO is in an operating state.

JP 2004-150417 A

  However, the exhaust emission control device of Patent Document 1 prohibits DPF regeneration only by the PTO being in an operating state without considering what state the working machine is actually in. For this reason, there is a problem in that the DPF cannot be regenerated while continuing the work even when there is no problem in the work.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a DPF control device that can regenerate a DPF while continuing work when there are few obstacles to the work.

  In order to achieve the above object, a control device for a DPF according to the present invention comprises a filter for collecting particulate matter in exhaust gas from an engine, and a regeneration means for removing the accumulated particulate matter and regenerating the filter. And a DPF control device having a deposit amount detecting means for detecting a deposit amount of the particulate matter deposited on the filter, and driven by pressure oil supplied from a hydraulic pump rotated by the engine. The working machine, and the accumulation amount is divided into a plurality of deposition levels, and the state of the working machine is divided into a plurality of working state levels, and the deposition level corresponding to the detected deposition level is allowed as a condition for allowing the regeneration of the filter. And a control means for setting a work state level.

  As described above, the DPF control device of the present invention classifies the accumulation amount detecting means, the work machine, the accumulation amount into a plurality of accumulation levels, and the work implement state into a plurality of work state levels, Control means for setting a work state level corresponding to the deposition level detected as a condition for permitting regeneration.

  For this reason, it is possible to regenerate the DPF while continuing the operation when there is little trouble in the operation by determining whether the regeneration of the DPF is permitted or not in consideration of both the amount of accumulated PM and the state of the working machine.

It is a side view explaining the whole structure of a rough terrain crane. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of DPF of an Example. It is a block diagram explaining the structure of the control system of the control apparatus of DPF of an Example. It is a graph explaining the control content of the control apparatus of DPF of an Example. It is a table | surface explaining the state of the working machine for every work state level.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Configuration of rough terrain crane)
First, the overall configuration of the rough terrain crane 1 including the DPF control device 2 of the present embodiment will be described using the side view of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the rough terrain crane 1 according to the present embodiment includes a carrier 10 that is a main body portion of a vehicle having a traveling function, outriggers 11,. A swivel base 12 mounted so as to be horizontally swivelable, a boom 14 mounted on a bracket 13 erected on the swivel base 12, a hoisting cylinder 15 for raising and lowering the boom 14, and a wire 16 suspended from the tip of the boom 14 A hook 17 to be lowered and a cabin 18 in which an operation lever and the like are arranged are provided.

  Here, the working machine such as the swivel base 12, the boom 14, and the winch (not shown) is a hydraulic pump that is rotated by a PTO (Power Take Off) 46 that extracts the rotational power of the diesel engine 41 as shown in FIG. 47 is driven by the hydraulic pressure generated. For this reason, with the change in the rotational speed of the diesel engine 41, the operating speed of these work machines also changes.

(Configuration of DPF control device)
Next, the configuration of the DPF control device 2 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The DPF control device 2 according to the present embodiment removes the particulate matter accumulated on the filter 31 and the filter 31 that collects particulate matter in the exhaust gas from the diesel engine 41 as the basic configuration of the DPF. Regenerating means 32 for regenerating the filter 31 (see also FIG. 3).

  The filter 31 is formed in a porous honeycomb structure with ceramic or the like, and collects PM passing through the muffler 43 by a porous partition wall, thereby reducing the amount of PM in the exhaust gas.

  In addition, since an oxidation catalyst (not shown) is disposed upstream of the filter 31 in the middle of the exhaust path, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and the like that are easily oxidized are oxidized (burned). Removed.

  The regeneration means 32 is of a continuous regeneration system that can be regenerated while using the filter 31. The regeneration means 32 includes the above-described oxidation catalyst, a fuel injection device 50 that performs post-injection that raises the temperature of the oxidation catalyst, and a fuel injection device 50. The fuel injection control unit 27 of the controller 20 that commands post-injection, and a regeneration button 54 that is disposed in the cabin 18 and is manually operated by an operator (see FIG. 3).

  Further, in addition to the regeneration button 54, a warning lamp 53 is arranged in the cabin 18 to blink and prompt regeneration when the PM accumulated on the filter 31 reaches a predetermined amount.

  In addition to the filter 31 and the regenerating unit 32, the DPF control device 2 of the present embodiment includes pressure sensors 33a as a deposition amount detecting unit that detects the amount of particulate matter (PM) deposited on the filter 31. 33b, a working machine driven by pressure oil supplied from a hydraulic pump 47 rotated by the diesel engine 41, and the accumulation amount is divided into a plurality of accumulation levels La, and the state of the working machine is divided into a plurality of work state levels Lw. And a controller 20 as a control means for setting a work state level Lw corresponding to the accumulation level La as a condition for permitting regeneration of the filter 31.

  The two pressure sensors 33a and 33b as the accumulation amount detecting means measure the pressures of the upstream inlet pipe 44 and the downstream outlet pipe 45 of the muffler 43 in the exhaust path. The measured pressure value is transmitted to the controller 20.

  The work implement is driven by hydraulic pressure generated by a hydraulic pump 47 that rotates by a PTO (Power Take Off) 46 that extracts the rotational power of the diesel engine 41. Specifically, the working machine includes a swivel base 12, a boom 14, a winch (not shown), and the like.

  Further, the controller 20 as a control means is a general-purpose microcomputer, and determines whether or not DPF regeneration can be performed based on the accumulation amount and the work state in addition to the function as an engine controller (ECU) for controlling the diesel engine 41. It has a function as a control means.

(Control block configuration)
Next, the content of the regeneration control executed by the controller 20 as the control means will be described by dividing it into control blocks.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 20 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the deposition amount calculation unit 21 that calculates the deposition amount based on the pressure difference before and after the muffler 43, and the deposition level La that determines the deposition level La based on the calculated deposition amount. Level determination unit 22, storage unit 23 for storing accumulation level La and work state level Lw, work state level determination unit 25 for determining work state level Lw based on the calculated work state, accumulation level La and work state level Lw Based on the regeneration means 32, a regeneration propriety determination unit 26 that determines whether the DPF 3 can be regenerated, a fuel injection control unit 27 that instructs the fuel injection device 50 on the amount and timing of fuel injection, and the like. The controller 20 is connected to a safety device 24 that prevents the rough terrain crane 1 from overturning.

  The accumulation amount calculator 21 accumulates the amount of PM on the filter 31 based on the pressure difference between the pressure value at the pressure sensor 33a upstream of the muffler 43 and the pressure value at the pressure sensor 33b downstream of the muffler 43. Is calculated indirectly. In other words, from the relationship that the pressure difference becomes smaller if the PM accumulation amount is small and the pressure difference becomes large if the PM accumulation amount is large, an approximate expression that expresses the relationship between the two is created based on experimental data. The amount of PM deposition can be calculated based on the pressure difference. In addition, the accumulation amount calculation unit 21 can also calculate the PM accumulation amount by integrating the PM generation amount related to the load state of the diesel engine 41.

  The deposition level determination unit 22 collates the calculated PM deposition amount with a table of the deposition level La stored in the storage unit 23, and determines which deposition level La the PM deposition amount belongs to.

  In the table of the deposition level La, as shown in FIG. 5, the PM deposition amount is divided into four stages of deposition level 1, deposition level 2, deposition level 3, and deposition level 4 in ascending order.

  Since the safety device 24 calculates the state of the work implement as a premise for calculating the work radius and the safety factor of falling, the controller 20 of this embodiment also uses the calculation result in the safety device 24. That is, the safety device 24 calculates the actual state of the work implement based on the operation levers 61 to 64, the state selection switch 65, the boom storage switch 66, the ESP boom storage switch 67, and the hook horizontal movement switch 68.

  For example, when the boom storage switch 66, the ESP boom storage switch 67, and the hook horizontal movement switch 68 are turned on, it is recognized that the boom storage state, the ESP storage state, and the hook horizontal movement state are respectively set. On the other hand, when the turning operation lever 61, the hoisting operation lever 62, the telescopic operation lever 63, and the winch operation lever 64 are operated, the posture of the boom 14 and the vertical movement of the hook 17 at that time are calculated.

  The work state level determination unit 25 compares the calculated state of the work machine with a table of work state levels Lw stored in the storage unit 23, and determines which work state level Lw the work machine state belongs to. To do.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the table of the work state level Lw classifies the state of the work machine according to the preparation state before starting the actual work and the work content of the crane. Specifically, in work state level 1, it is a condition that PTO 46 is not ON (it is OFF), and in work state level 2, it is a condition that the setting of the safety device does not determine lifting performance. In level 3, it is a condition that the operation levers 61 to 64 are not operated, and in work state level 4, it is a condition that a specific work content is performed on the assumption that the operation levers 61 to 64 are operated. .

  Specific work contents of work level 4 include, in a state where no load is suspended, an automatic boom storage operation, an ESP (a multi-stage telescopic boom drive system using one cylinder) boom automatic storage operation, a single operation, or a hook In a state where there is a horizontal movement work and the load is suspended, there is a winch hoisting work after a ground cut or a speed regulation work.

  Based on the accumulation level La determined by the accumulation level determination unit 22 and the work state level Lw determined by the work state level determination unit 25, the regeneration possibility determination unit 26 determines whether the DPF 3 can be regenerated. That is, the regeneration feasibility determination unit 26 allows the regeneration of the DPF 3 if the actual state of the working machine at the time of determination belongs to the work state level Lw corresponding to the accumulation level La at the time of determination, and if not belongs, regenerates the DPF. Is not allowed.

  The fuel injection control unit 27 commands the fuel injection device 50 to perform post injection based on the determination result of the regeneration possibility determination unit 26 and the ON / OFF signal received from the regeneration button 54. That is, when the regeneration is not permitted, the post injection is not instructed, and when the regeneration is permitted, the post injection is instructed.

(Function)
Next, the operation of the DPF control device 2 of this embodiment will be described. In the following, the operation of the DPF control device 2 is the DPF 3 regeneration action, the DPF 3 regeneration inhibition action, the deposition level 1, the deposition level 2, the deposition level 3, the deposition level 4, and the harmony between the regeneration of the DPF and the continuation of the work. These will be described in seven.

(Regeneration of DPF)
First, the regeneration action of DPF 3 will be described. When the regeneration button 54 is pressed, the controller 20 according to the present embodiment permits the regeneration of the DPF 3 if the state of the work implement belongs to the work state level Lw corresponding to the accumulation level La at that time. That is, the filter 31 is regenerated by the regenerating unit 32.

(DPF regeneration inhibition action)
Next, the regeneration prohibiting action of the DPF 3 will be described. Even if the regeneration button 54 is pressed, the controller 20 of the present embodiment prohibits regeneration of the DPF 3 if the state of the work implement does not belong to the work state level Lw corresponding to the accumulation level La at that time. That is, the filter 31 is not regenerated by the regenerating unit 32.

(Deposition level 1)
Next, the operation of the DPF control device 2 at the deposition level 1 will be described. The controller 20 of the present embodiment regenerates the DPF 3 if the PTO accumulation amount falls within the range of the accumulation level 1 and the PTO 46 is not ON (if it is OFF). On the other hand, if the PTO 46 is ON, the DPF 3 is not regenerated.

  In short, when the PM accumulation amount is in the accumulation level 1 range, the filter 31 has a sufficient capacity. Therefore, when the PTO 46 is ON, priority is given to continuing the current operation over the regeneration of the DPF 3.

(Deposition level 2)
Next, the operation of the DPF control device 2 at the deposition level 2 will be described. The controller 20 of the present embodiment regenerates the DPF 3 when the PM accumulation amount belongs to the accumulation level 2 range and the safety device 24 has not determined the lifting performance. On the other hand, if the safety device 24 has confirmed the lifting performance, the DPF 3 is not regenerated.

  Specifically, when the safety device 24 has not determined the lifting performance, that is, when the outriggers 11,... Are in contact with the ground, or when the number of wires is not set, the jib attachment state or boom state is not yet established. In the case of setting, etc., the DPF 3 is regenerated.

  In short, when the PM accumulation amount is in the range of accumulation level 2, the capacity of the filter 31 is slightly less, so if the safety device 24 has confirmed the lifting performance and the preparation is completed, the current operation is continued. On the other hand, if the safety device 24 has not determined the lifting performance and the preparation is not completed, the DPF 3 is regenerated by prioritizing the prevention of the DPF 3 failure over the continuation of the current work, Maintain continuity.

(Deposition level 3)
Next, the operation at the deposition level 3 will be described. The controller 20 of the present embodiment regenerates the DPF 3 when the operation amount of the operation levers 61 to 64 is not operated when the accumulation amount of PM belongs to the accumulation level 3 range. On the other hand, if the operation levers 61 to 64 are operated, the DPF 3 is not regenerated.

  In short, when the PM accumulation amount is in the range of accumulation level 3, the capacity of the filter 31 is small, so even if the preparation is completed, priority is given to continuing the current work if the operation is in progress. If not, the long-term continuation of work is maintained by giving priority to preventing the DPF 3 from failure rather than continuing the current work.

(Deposition level 4)
Next, the operation at the deposition level 4 will be described. The controller 20 of the present embodiment, when the amount of PM deposition falls within the range of the accumulation level 4, is divided into a state in which the load is not suspended and a state in which the load is suspended, If it corresponds to the content, the DPF 3 is regenerated. On the other hand, if the state of the work machine does not correspond to the specific work content, the DPF 3 is not regenerated.

  Specifically, when the load is not suspended, the engine speed changes due to regeneration of the DPF 3 such as boom automatic storage work, ESP boom automatic storage work, single work, or hook horizontal movement work. If the work is not hindered, the DPF 3 is regenerated. On the other hand, in the state where the load is suspended, the DPF 3 is regenerated in the case of the winch hoisting work after the earth cutting or the speed-controlled work.

  In short, when the amount of PM accumulated is in the range of the accumulation level 4, the capacity of the filter 31 has almost no margin, so that even if the preparation is completed and the operation is already in progress, there is no problem even if the idle speed changes. If the current operation or automatic operation by the controller 20 is prioritized, the continuation of the current work is prioritized. On the other hand, if the operation is not as described above, the failure of the DPF 3 is prevented and the long-term continuation of the work is continued. maintain.

  When the PM accumulation amount exceeds the accumulation level 4 range, the diesel engine 41 is stopped and the warning lamp 53 prompts the DPF 3 to be immediately regenerated.

(Harmony between DPF regeneration and continuation of work)
As described above, in the DPF control apparatus 2 of the present embodiment, the controller 20 as the control unit sets the work state level Lw corresponding to the deposition level La as a condition for allowing the filter 31 to be regenerated. The regeneration of the DPF and the continuation of work can be harmonized.

  That is, the controller 20 determines whether or not to regenerate the DPF 3 in consideration of both the amount of accumulated PM and the state of the work machine, and regenerates the DPF 3 while continuing the work when there is little trouble in the work. The playback means 32 is controlled.

  Furthermore, priority is given to continuation of work when the amount of accumulated PM is low, while priority is given to regeneration of DPF3 when the amount of accumulated PM is high, so that the regeneration of DPF3 and the continuation of work can be harmonized. it can.

(effect)
Next, the effects of the DPF control device 2 of this embodiment will be listed and described.

  (1) As described above, the DPF control device 2 according to the present embodiment removes the particulate matter PM deposited from the filter 31 that collects the particulate matter PM in the exhaust gas from the diesel engine 41 as the engine. Thus, the DPF control device 2 has a regenerating means 32 for regenerating the filter 31.

  The DPF control device 2 is supplied from pressure sensors 33 a and 33 b as accumulation amount detection means for detecting the accumulation amount of the particulate matter PM accumulated on the filter 31 and a hydraulic pump 47 rotated by the diesel engine 41. The working machine driven by the pressurized oil and the accumulation amount are classified into a plurality of accumulation levels La, and the state of the working machine is classified into a plurality of work state levels Lw, and is detected as a condition that allows the regeneration of the filter 31. And a controller 20 as control means for setting a work state level Lw corresponding to the accumulation level La.

  For this reason, it is possible to regenerate the DPF 3 while continuing the work when there is little trouble in the work by determining whether or not the regeneration of the DPF 3 is permitted in consideration of both the amount of accumulated PM and the state of the work machine.

  (2) Further, the controller 20 as the control means classifies the state of the work machine into a plurality of work state levels Lw so as to limit the state of the work machine that regenerates the DPF 3 as the accumulation level La increases. The regeneration of the DPF 3 and the continuation of work can be harmonized.

  In other words, priority is given to continuation of work when the amount of accumulated PM is low, while priority is given to regeneration of DPF3 when there is a large amount of accumulated PM, so that both regeneration of DPF3 and continuation of work can be made easy. Can do.

  In other words, when the amount of accumulated PM is small, the capacity of the filter 31 has a margin, so the DPF 3 is not regenerated. When the amount of accumulated PM is large, the capacity of the filter 31 has no margin, and the DPF 3 is regenerated. Will do.

  (3) Furthermore, the controller 20 as the control means sets the work state level Lw according to the preparation state before starting the actual work of the work machine, so that the work is continued when the PM accumulation amount is relatively small. Can be prioritized.

  For example, by setting the work state level 1 that the PTO 46 is not ON, the regeneration of the DPF 3 is permitted even if the PM accumulation amount is small if the worker does not intend to start the work.

  In addition, by setting that the lifting performance of the safety device 24 is not fixed to the work state level 2, the DPF 3 can be regenerated until immediately before the work can be actually performed.

  (4) When the crane is provided as the work machine, the controller 20 as the control means sets the specific work content as the work state level Lw from the work content of the crane, thereby comparing the PM accumulation amount. If the target is too high, the regeneration of the DPF 3 can be prioritized.

  For example, if a simple work with few troubles is selected even if the idle rotation speed is changed as the specific work content, the work can be continued while the DPF 3 is regenerated.

  Furthermore, by setting that the operation levers 61 to 64 are not operated to the work state level 3, the DPF 3 can be regenerated without any particular trouble unless it is actually operated.

  In this case, if the work state level Lw corresponding to the preparation state before the start of the actual work of the work implement is associated with the accumulation level La lower than the accumulation level La, the work state level Lw is the same as the actual work preparation. Can be set to divisor.

  (5) In addition, the controller 20 as a control means performs a boom automatic storage operation, an ESP boom automatic storage operation, a single operation, or a hook horizontal movement operation in a state where the load is not suspended by a crane. Set as Lw.

  For this reason, when the amount of accumulated PM is relatively large, a simple operation with little trouble even if the idling speed changes can be continued even during the operation, and the DPF 3 can be regenerated while the operation is being performed. .

  (6) Further, the controller 20 as the control means sets the winch hoisting work after the earth cutting or the speed-regulated work as the work state level Lw in the state where the load is suspended by the crane.

  For this reason, when the amount of accumulated PM is relatively large, a simple operation with little trouble even if the idling speed changes can be continued even during the operation, and the DPF 3 can be regenerated while the operation is being performed. .

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are not limited to the present invention. included.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the rough terrain crane equipped with the DPF control device 2 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the accumulation level La and the working state level Lw are divided into four stages has been described. it can.

1 rough terrain crane 2 DPF control device 20 controller (control means)
3 DPF
31 Filter 32 Regeneration means 33a, 33b Pressure sensor (deposition amount detection means)
41 Diesel engine
43 Muffler 46 PTO
47 Hydraulic pump 50 Fuel injection device 54 Regeneration button 61 Swing operation lever 62 Relief operation lever 63 Telescopic operation lever 64 Winch operation lever 65 State selection switch 66 Boom storage switch 67 ESP boom storage switch 68 Hook horizontal movement switch

Claims (3)

A control device for a DPF having a filter that collects particulate matter in exhaust gas from an engine, and regeneration means that removes the accumulated particulate matter and regenerates the filter,
A deposition amount detecting means for detecting a deposition amount of the particulate matter deposited on the filter;
A working machine driven by pressure oil supplied from a hydraulic pump rotated by the engine;
The accumulation amount is divided into a plurality of accumulation levels, the state of the working machine is divided into a plurality of operation state levels, and the work state level corresponding to the detected accumulation level is set as a condition for permitting regeneration of the filter. Control means to
Equipped with a,
The control means, the control device of the DPF, characterized in that you set the work state level according to preparation state before actual work start of the working machine.   The said control means divides | segments the state of the said working machine into a several working state level so that the state of the said working machine which reproduces | regenerates DPF as the said accumulation level rises may be restrict | limited. The control apparatus of DPF of description. When equipped with a crane as the working machine,
3. The DPF control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit sets a specific work content from the work content of the crane as the work state level. 4.