JP5682535B2 - Wave protection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wave preventing device that functions without requiring a power source and prevents waves when waves of waves or tsunamis are approached.

In recent years, in areas where waves (including storm surges) due to typhoons, developed low pressures, etc., or tsunamis caused by earthquakes are a concern, improvement of revetments has become an urgent task as a countermeasure against such waves and tsunamis.
As a measure to prevent damage from such waves and tsunamis, it is possible to prevent the waves from flowing into the land by increasing the height of the breakwater. Increasing the breakwater to cope with tsunamis with low probability of occurrence and abnormal tide levels due to waves such as storm surges has the major drawback of not only increasing installation costs but also significantly harming the landscape.

In order to eliminate this defect, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, when a wave or tsunami is approached, a movable breakwater that levitates a steel pipe for levitation to prevent these waves has been developed. According to the breakwater disclosed in Document 1, during normal times, the levitation steel pipe is housed in a sheath pipe in the ground, and rises as necessary to prevent waves, thus eliminating the problem of harming the landscape. .
However, since the thing of this patent document 1 needs to use electric equipments, such as a compressor, in order to raise the levitation steel pipe, for example, when power is lost by an earthquake etc., the levitation steel pipe is raised. There is a problem that the waves cannot be prevented.

On the other hand, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, a movable breakwater that raises a wave-breaking float without a power source when a wave or tsunami comes near is also known.
In this patent document 2, the seawater that has passed over the revetment outer wall by the wave that has been pushed in flows into the rectangular space in which the float is accommodated from the opening on the upper end side of the rectangular space, and enters the rectangular space. The float is raised by buoyancy generated in the float by the accumulated seawater.
However, in the case of this Patent Document 2, since the float is raised only by the buoyancy generated in the float by the seawater accumulated in the rectangular space, when the wave suddenly rushes, the seawater enters the rectangular space. Since there is also a case where there is no time to accumulate, there is a possibility that the float cannot be prevented and the wave cannot be prevented.
In addition, after the wave has left, it is necessary to drain the seawater in the rectangular space with a pump or the like to lower the float, so there is a problem that the float cannot be lowered when the power source is lost.
Furthermore, in the case of a tsunami, the energy of the wave that pushes in is tremendous, but if the external force resulting from this tsunami energy acts on the movable breakwater according to Patent Document 2, the entire breakwater may be pushed down. is there. In addition, even if the tsunami is not pushed down by the tsunami, it may be pushed down by a large external force acting in the opposite direction when the tsunami pulls, and the measures against the tsunami are not perfect.

JP 2010-281128 A JP 2006-70536 A

The technical problem of the present invention is that when waves of waves and tsunamis come near, it functions quickly without requiring a power source to prevent the waves, and when a wave is pulled, An object of the present invention is to provide a wave protection device that can return to a state and does not harm the surrounding scenery during normal times.
Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide a wave preventing device that is not pushed down by an external force of a wave to be pushed and an external force when the wave is drawn.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a wavebreaker according to the present invention is a wavebreaker that prevents waves and tsunamis, and includes a wavebreak structure fixedly disposed on the ground of the seabed and a tubular shape. A plurality of floating pipe members that are formed and project from the upper end side of the wave-breaking structure during waves and tsunamis, and flow paths that allow seawater to flow into and out of the lower end side of each floating pipe member, and The wave-breaking structure is vertically drilled, and each floating pipe member is housed in a retractable manner from the upper end side of the wave-breaking structure body. An accommodation hole opened at the upper end side, and the wave-breaking structure body is drilled in the vertical direction. A plurality of guide tube members formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction, the upper side being disposed in the accommodation hole and individually guiding the raising and lowering of each of the floating tube members, The wave-breaking structure is established on the offshore side of the wave-breaking structure, and takes in seawater to flow into the flow passage. And a water intake port for discharging seawater flowing out from the flow passage to the sea, and each floating pipe member includes water pressure caused by seawater flowing into the lower end side of each floating pipe member through the flow passage and the floating pipe member. Due to the generated buoyancy, the inside of the accommodation hole rises along the guide tube member and protrudes from the upper end side of the wave preventing structure to prevent waves and tsunamis, and each floating tube member is caused by its own weight. The lower end side seawater is caused to flow out through the flow passage so that the inside of the accommodation hole descends along the guide tube member and is accommodated in the accommodation hole. In the upper and lower direction, and guides the raising and lowering of the floating pipe member on the upper side, the lower end side is driven to the ground of the seabed , the intake is provided above the normal tide level of the sea surface, the receiving hole is The bottom is the sea floor Also provided above, the floating tube member is one in which the upper end of the floating tube member in a state of being raised by buoyancy and being located above the sea level.

In the present invention, each of the guide tube members is inserted on the inner peripheral surface side of the levitation tube member, and the inner peripheral surface of the levitation tube member is guided along the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube member. It can be a configuration.
Alternatively, each levitation tube member is individually disposed on the inner peripheral side of each guide tube member so as to freely move up and down, and the outer peripheral surface of the levitation tube member guides along the inner peripheral surface of the guide tube member. In addition to the above-described configuration, the guide tube member may include a circulation hole on the peripheral surface for allowing seawater to flow into and out of the inner peripheral surface of the guide tube member.

Moreover, in this invention, the filler for increasing the dead weight of a guide pipe member shall be filled into the inner peripheral surface side of the said guide pipe member.
Further, the inner peripheral surface side of the guide tube member is filled with a filler for increasing the weight of the guide tube member below the lifting range of the floating tube member in the guide tube member. be able to.

  Further, in the present invention, the water intake of the above-mentioned wave-breaking structure is extended in the off-shore direction from the wave-breaking structure, and seawater is taken in from the opening on the front end side in the event of a wave or tsunami. A water intake pipe to be introduced into the flow passage may be connected.

  Further, in the present invention, the levitation tube members are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the wave-breaking structure at a certain interval, and these levitation tube members and the levitation tube members are arranged in a space between adjacent levitation tube members. A plate member for wave prevention that appears and disappears from the upper end side of the wave preventing structure in synchronism can be provided.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a stopper member is provided between each of the floating pipe members and the corresponding guide pipe member to prevent the floating pipe members from being detached from the guide pipe members. be able to.

According to the present invention, in the case of waves and tsunamis, each floating pipe member to be wave-generated is generated in the floating pipe member and the water pressure of seawater that has flowed into the lower end side of the floating pipe member through the intake port and the flow passage. Due to buoyancy, the inside of the accommodation hole rises along the guide tube member and quickly protrudes from the upper end side of the wave preventing structure, and when the wave is drawn, seawater on the inner peripheral surface side of each floating tube member circulates. Since it is configured to be lowered along the guide tube member by being discharged from the water intake through the road and accommodated in the accommodation hole, it functions quickly with no power source and damages the wave and landscape. A return to a normal peacetime position can be performed.
In addition, each guide tube member that guides the levitation tube member penetrates the wave-breaking structure in the vertical direction and guides the ascending / descending of the levitation tube member on the upper side, while the lower end side reaches the support layer of the ground on the seabed Since it is driven in, it can withstand the external force of the wave to be pushed and the external force when the wave is drawn, and the entire wave preventing device is not pushed down.

It is a perspective view showing typically a 1st embodiment of a wave protection device concerning the present invention. However, the state at the normal time when the levitation tube member is lowered is shown. FIG. It is the same part fracture | rupture principal part front view. It is the principal part top view. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a stopper member typically. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state where the levitation tube member is raised in the first embodiment of the wave preventing device according to the present invention. It is the same perspective view. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state where the levitation tube member descends in the first embodiment of the wave preventing device according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically 2nd Embodiment of the wave preventing device which concerns on this invention. However, the state at the normal time when the levitation tube member is lowered is shown. It is the principal part top view. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the state which the levitation | swelling pipe member rose in 2nd Embodiment of the wave protection device which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically 3rd Embodiment of the wave preventing device which concerns on this invention. It is the principal part front view. It is a partially broken principal part front view sectional view which shows typically a 4th embodiment of a wave protection device concerning the present invention. However, the normal state in which the floating tube member and the plate-like member are lowered is shown. It is the principal part top view. It is the same perspective view. However, the sea level is omitted. In 4th Embodiment of the wave-protection apparatus which concerns on this invention, it is a front view which shows typically the state which the floating pipe member and the plate-shaped member rose. It is the same perspective view. However, the sea level is omitted. It is a principal part top view which shows the state using the plate-shaped member of a different shape typically. FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a bit is provided at the tip of the guide tube member in the guide tube member used when constructing the wave preventing device according to the present invention.

1 to 8 show a first embodiment of a wave breaker according to the present invention, which prevents waves, particularly waves and tsunamis during storm surges.
That is, the wave breaker according to the first embodiment includes a wave breaker structure 2 fixedly disposed on the ground 1 on the seabed, and an upper end side of the wave breaker structure 2 in the event of a wave or tsunami. A plurality of levitation tube members 3 protruding from the waves and flow passages 4 for allowing seawater to flow into and out of the inner peripheral surface 3a side of each levitation tube member 3 through the lower end side of each levitation tube member 3. . Further, a receiving hole 5 that is vertically drilled in the wave-breaking structure 2 and accommodates the floating tube member 3 so as to be able to protrude and retract from the upper end side of the wave-breaking structure 2, and each floating tube member 3 is provided with a plurality of guide tube members 6 for individually guiding the raising and lowering of 3.

The wave-breaking structure 2 is made of concrete having the same function as a normal breakwater. The base end side is placed on the ground 1 on the seabed, and the upper end side is the normal tide level (waves of the sea surface 7). During normal times (no tsunamis or tsunamis)).
The breakwater structure 2 has a flat surface 2a extending in the longitudinal direction on the upper end side, and the accommodation hole 5 is formed in the flat surface 2a.

Further, the wave breaker structure 2 is provided with a water intake 8 for taking in and discharging seawater on the surface on the offshore side.
The water intake 8 takes in seawater and flows into the flow passage 4 during waves and tsunamis, and discharges seawater flowing out of the flow passage 4 into the sea when waves are drawn. And provided above the normal tide level of the sea surface 7 in the wavebreak structure 2. Therefore, seawater flows into the intake 8 only when the tide level rises due to the occurrence of waves and tsunamis due to waves, and the abnormal tide level is higher than the height of the lower end side of the intake 8. The seawater that has been taken in can be discharged when the tide level drops and the tide level is removed.
In this embodiment, the water intake 8 is directed toward the longitudinal direction of the wave preventing structure 2, that is, in the direction in which the floating tube members 3 and the receiving holes 5 are arranged in parallel. Are formed in a single substantially rectangular shape extending over almost the entire length of the water, and the seawater sent to the floating pipe members 3 from the intake port 8 of this configuration is taken in all at once, and the seawater from each floating pipe member 3 It is the structure which discharges collectively.

Each of the floating pipe members 3 is a cylindrical member extending in the vertical direction with the upper end side closed, and is formed by airtightly closing the upper end side opening of a steel pipe or the like with a steel plate or the like. When the wave or tsunami caused by the waves is approached, these levitation pipe members 3 raise the accommodation hole 5 by causing the seawater taken from the water intake 8 to flow into the inner peripheral surface 3a side through the flow passage 4. When the wave is pulled while projecting from the upper end of the wave preventing structure 2, the seawater is discharged from the water intake 8 through the flow path 4 to descend the housing hole 5, Is to be accommodated.
In this embodiment, each of these levitation tube members 3 is arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the wave preventing structure 2 at equal intervals and linearly, and the axial length thereof is assumed. The length is set in consideration of the height of the wave-breaking structure 2 according to the height of the waves and tsunamis, so that the waves can be wave-breaked together with the wave-breaking structure 2 when the waves come near. It has become.
In this embodiment, each floating tube member 3 is formed in the same shape and size.

The accommodating holes 5 are opened on the flat surface 2a on the upper end side, that is, on the upper end side of the wave preventing structure 2, and the same number as the floating tube members so as to individually accommodate the floating tube members 3. Are accommodated in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the wave preventing structure 2.
Each of these accommodating holes 5 is formed in a substantially circular shape in plan view having an inner peripheral diameter larger than the outer peripheral diameter of the floating tube member 3, and the inner peripheral surface 5 a of these accommodating holes 5, A gap that allows seawater to flow in is formed between the floating pipe member 3 and the outer peripheral surface 3b.
In addition, each receiving hole 5 is formed deeper than the axial length of the floating tube member 3 so that the floating tube member 3 is completely extended from the lower end side to the upper end side during normal times (normal tide level). It can be accommodated.
In addition, as for each of these accommodation holes 5, the adjacent ones may communicate with each other at the closest position, or may be independent without communicating. In addition, it is preferable that these accommodating holes 5 have a small interval between adjacent ones. Accordingly, the intervals between the floating tube members 3 are narrowed as much as possible, and these floating tube members are arranged as much as possible. The improvement of the wave-proof effect by 3 whole can be aimed at.

The said flow path 4 is always making the said water intake 8 and the lower end side of each floating pipe member 3 connect.
Thereby, in this embodiment, the seawater taken in from the intake port 8 is caused to flow into the inner peripheral surface 3a side of the floating pipe member 3 through the lower end side of each floating pipe member 3, and the floating pipe member 3 On the other hand, the seawater on the inner peripheral surface 3a side of the levitation tube member 3 is allowed to flow out toward the water outlet 8 to be used for the descent of the levitation tube member 3 while being used for the ascent.
In the case of this embodiment, the flow passage 4 has a gap between the inner peripheral surface 5a of each receiving hole 5 and the outer peripheral surface 3b of each floating tube member 3, and the bottom 5b of each receiving hole 5 and each floating surface. It is formed by a space between the lower end portion 3 c of the pipe member 3.
Accordingly, the seawater taken in from the water intake 8 passes through the gap 9 between the inner peripheral surface 5a of each of the receiving holes 5 and the outer peripheral surface 3b of each of the floating pipe members 3, and the bottom of each receiving hole 5 5b and the lower end 3c of each levitation tube member 3 are reached, and the space 10 flows from the lower end side opening 3d of each levitation tube member 3 to the inner peripheral surface 3a side. On the contrary, when seawater on the inner peripheral surface 3a side of each levitation tube member 3 is discharged, the seawater passes from the opening 3d on the lower end side of each levitation tube member 3 to the bottom 5b of each accommodation hole 5 and each levitation tube member. 3 flows out into the space 10 between the lower end 3c and is discharged from the water intake 8 through the gap 9 between the inner peripheral surface 5a of each of the receiving holes 5 and the outer peripheral surface 3b of each floating pipe member 3. The

Each guide tube member 6 is disposed in a state in which the upper side is accommodated in the accommodation hole 5, and further passes through the wave-proof structure 2 in the vertical direction from the bottom 5 b of the accommodation hole 5, and has a lower end. The side is driven to the ground 1 of the seabed.
Each of these guide tube members 6 is a cylindrical member such as a steel tube having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the floating tube member 3, and the upper side portion located in the accommodation hole 5 is: The guide portion 6a is inserted into the inner peripheral surface side of the levitation tube member located in the accommodation hole and guides the elevation of the levitation tube member in the vertical direction. Thereby, the guide part 6a of each guide tube member 6 guides the inner peripheral surface 3a of the floating tube member 3 inserted along its outer peripheral surface, and moves the floating tube member 3 up and down in the accommodation hole 5. We try to make it stable.

Further, the portion of each guide tube member 6 located in the accommodation hole 5, that is, the length in the axial direction of the guide portion 6 a is within a range where the upper end portion of each floating tube member 3 does not protrude from the accommodation hole 5 in normal times. Thus, the length is set to be longer than the axial length of each floating pipe member 3 on the inner peripheral surface 3a side. Thereby, the space 10 is always formed between the lower end portion 3c of the levitation tube member 3 and the bottom portion 5b of the accommodation hole 5, and as described above, the space 10 is used as a part of the flow path of the levitation tube member 3. The inflow and outflow of seawater with respect to the inner peripheral surface 3a side can be reliably performed.
Further, the outer diameter of each guide tube member is such that a space that allows seawater to flow between the outer periphery of each guide tube member and the inner periphery of the floating tube member inserted therein is formed. The size is set so that seawater can freely flow into and out of the inner peripheral surface of the floating pipe member.

On the other hand, the lower end side of each guide pipe member 6 reaches the ground 1 on the seabed. In this embodiment, the guide pipe member 6 penetrates the intermediate layer 1b of the ground 1 and further becomes a more robust support layer 1b. Has reached. Thereby, each guide pipe member 6 plays the role of a support pile, and the wave-proof structure 2 is stably fixed on the ground 1.
As a result, waves and tsunamis caused by waves, especially tsunamis with large energy, come in contact, and even if an external force is applied to the wave preventing structure 2, the entire wave preventing structure 2 is prevented from being overturned or swept away. Is done. In the case where the wave exceeds the wave preventing device itself, even when the wave is drawn, it is considered that a large external force in the opposite direction to the case where the wave is pushed acts on the wave preventing structure 2. Even in such a case, the entire wave-proof structure 2 is prevented from being overturned or swept away.

Furthermore, each guide tube member 6 is filled with a filler 11 for increasing its own weight on the inner peripheral surface 6b side on the inner peripheral surface 6b side, respectively. The self-weight allows the wave preventing structure 2 to be more stably fixed on the ground 1 on the seabed, and improves the strength against the buckling of the guide tube member 6 itself. In addition, as filler 11, concrete, steelmaking slag, blast furnace slag, etc. are desirable.
Further, as each guide tube member 6, it is preferable to use a so-called bladed steel pipe provided with a flange-shaped or spiral blade projecting outward at the base end portion. Since it is possible to ensure a resistance against the force in the pulling direction, it is possible to reliably counteract by an external force that acts on the wave preventing structure 2 due to waves or tsunamis.

A stopper member 12 is provided between the floating tube member 3 and the corresponding guide tube member 6 to prevent the floating tube member 3 from being detached from the guide tube member 6.
The stopper member 12 is used to prevent the floating tube member 3 from falling out of the guide tube member 5 when the floating tube member 3 is lifted by seawater. For example, the floating tube member as shown in FIG. The floating tube member 3 and the corresponding guide tube member 6 can be connected to each other by a wire having a length that does not hinder the lifting and lowering for wave prevention 3 and does not separate from the guide tube member 6. .
In addition, as this stopper member 12, arbitrary things other than the said wire can be used, for example, in the vicinity of the lower end part of the inner peripheral surface side of each floating tube member, and the upper end part vicinity of each guide tube member, Protrusions or the like for retaining may be provided, and the levitation tube member may be prevented from being detached from the guide tube member due to the projections being caught with each other.

The wavebreaker having the above configuration functions as follows during a wave, a tsunami, and after convergence.
During normal times, that is, when the sea surface 7 is at a normal tide level, the levitation tube member 3 is accommodated in the accommodation hole 5 as a whole without protruding from the wave-proof structure as shown in FIGS. Yes.
Then, when a wave or tsunami caused by waves is generated and the sea surface 7 is brought into an abnormal tide level, as shown in FIG. 6, the seawater is introduced from the intake 8 and taken in. The seawater flows into the flow passage 4 (in the case of this embodiment, the gap 9 between the inner peripheral surface 5a of each receiving hole 5 and the outer peripheral surface 3b of each floating tube member 3 and the bottom of each receiving hole 5). 5b and a space 10) between the lower end portion 3c of each levitation tube member 3 and flows from the opening 3d on the lower end side of each levitation tube member 3 to the inner peripheral surface 3a side.
At this time, since each floating pipe member 3 is closed at the upper end side, the seawater that has flowed into the inner peripheral surface 3a side is effectively pushed upward by the energy (water pressure) that collides with the closed portion, Since it floats also by the buoyancy which generate | occur | produces in each floating pipe member 3 with seawater, it raises very rapidly using the energy of a wave effectively.
When the floating tube members 3 are lifted, the stopper members prevent the floating tube members from coming out of the guide tube members and the receiving holes, and the bottom ends of the floating tube members are fully lifted. The side and the vicinity thereof are retained in the receiving hole. Further, the surplus seawater after each floating pipe member 3 is completely raised passes through the gap 9 between the inner peripheral surface 5a of the accommodation hole 5 and the outer peripheral surface 3b of the floating pipe member 3, It is discharged from the opening on the upper end side of the accommodation hole 5.

  As a result, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, each levitation tube member 3 rises along the guide tube member 6 in the accommodation hole 5 and quickly protrudes from the upper end side of the wave preventing structure 2. Waves and tsunamis are prevented together with the wave preventing structure 2. As a result, the height at which waves are prevented is higher than normal, that is, the height of the wave structure itself, so high waves (especially storm surges) and tsunamis that exceed the height of the wave structure are pushed in Even this can be surely prevented.

On the other hand, when the wave is pulled back to the normal tide level, as shown in FIG. 8, the seawater on the inner peripheral surface 3a side of each floating pipe member 3 gradually flows out into the flow passage 4 according to the tide level, It is discharged from the water intake 8 through the channel 5. Part of the seawater is also discharged from the opening on the upper end side of the receiving hole 5 through the gap 9 between the inner peripheral face 5 a of the receiving hole 5 and the outer peripheral face 3 b of the floating tube member 3.
Each floating tube member 3 gradually descends in the accommodation hole 5 along the guide tube member 6 in relation to its own weight, and finally completely enters the accommodation hole 5 from the lower end portion to the upper end portion. Will be housed.
Thereby, the levitation tube member 3 returns to the normal position, and returns to a state in which the surrounding landscape is not impaired as the entire wave protection device.

Thus, the wave breaker having the above-described configuration causes each floating pipe member 3 to be wave-proof to flow into the inner peripheral surface 3a side of the floating pipe member 3 through the water intake 8 and the flow passage 4 during waves and tsunamis. The seawater pressure and the buoyancy generated in the levitation tube member 3 are used to promptly protrude from the upper end side of the wave-breaking structure 2, while when the wave is drawn, the inner circumference of each levitation tube member 3 Since the sea water on the surface 3a side flows out from the water intake 8 through the flow passage 4 and is lowered into the accommodation hole 5, it can function quickly with no power source and perform wave-proofing and returning to a normal state. it can.
Each guide tube member 6 penetrates the wave preventing structure 2 in the vertical direction, and stably guides the ascending / descending of the floating tube member 3 on the upper side (guide portion 6a) located in the accommodation hole 5. On the other hand, since the lower end side is driven up to the support layer 1a of the ground 1 on the seabed, the entire wave protection device may be pushed down or swept away withstanding the external force of the wave to be pushed and the external force when the wave is drawn. Is prevented.

In the first embodiment, the guide tube member is inserted on the inner peripheral surface side of the floating tube member. However, in the second embodiment described below, the floating tube member is a guide. It is the structure inserted in the internal peripheral surface of a pipe member.
That is, FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 show a second embodiment of the wave preventing device according to the present invention, and the wave preventing device of this second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. A plurality of floating tube members 13 that are fixedly disposed on the ground of the seabed, and a plurality of floating pipe members 13 that protrude from the upper end side of the wavebreaking structure 2 in the event of a wave or tsunami There are flow passages 14 through which seawater flows in and out of the inner peripheral surface 13a side of the floating pipe members 13 through the lower end sides of the floating pipe members 13 respectively. Further, the wave-breaking structure 2 is perforated in the vertical direction (vertical direction in this embodiment), and the floating tube member 13 is accommodated so as to be able to protrude and retract from the upper end side of the wave-breaking structure 2. Receiving hole 15, a plurality of guide pipe members 16 that individually guide the ascending and descending of each of the floating pipe members 13, and water intake that is established on the offshore side of the wave-breaking structure 2 and that takes in and discharges seawater The mouth 8 is provided.

  The configurations other than the floating tube member 13 and the guide tube member 16, the flow passage 14, and the accommodation hole 15 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and have the same effects. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned and detailed description is omitted.

Each of the guide tube members 16 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter that is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the housing hole 15, and the floating tube member 13 is housed on the inner circumferential surface 16 a side. ing.
Each guide tube member 16 is accommodated in each accommodation hole 15, and the outer peripheral surface 16 b of the guide tube member 16 and the inner peripheral surface of the accommodation hole 15 in which the guide tube member 16 is accommodated mutually. It is held in contact.

Further, each guide tube member 16 is filled with a filler 17 such as concrete that increases the weight of each guide tube member 16 to a height corresponding to the bottom of the accommodation hole 15 on the inner peripheral surface 16a side. The space of the portion not filled with the filling material 17 serves as a housing portion 16c that is housed in the floating tube member and that serves as a lifting guide. A substantially horizontal flat surface 17a is formed at the upper end portion of the filler filled in each guide tube member 16 respectively.
Further, the peripheral surface facing the water intake 8 at a height for accommodating the floating tube member 13 of each guide tube member 16 penetrates between the inner peripheral surface 16a and the outer peripheral surface 16b of the guide tube member 16. A flow hole 18 is provided for allowing seawater to flow from the outer peripheral surface 16b side toward the inner peripheral surface 16a side of the guide pipe member 16 while allowing seawater to flow out from the inner peripheral surface 16a side toward the outer peripheral surface 16b side. It has been.

Each levitation tube member 13 is formed of a steel pipe or the like, and has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction with a lower end side hermetically closed with a steel plate and the like, and an upper end side being opened. The guide tube members 16 are individually inserted so as to be capable of ascending and descending on the inner peripheral surface 16a side where the filler 17 is not filled, that is, in the accommodating portion 16c. Therefore, each levitation tube member 13 is accommodated in the accommodation hole 15 so as to be able to protrude and retract from the upper end side of the wave preventing structure 2 via each guide tube member 16. Furthermore, when each levitation tube member 13 moves up and down, the outer peripheral surfaces of these levitation tube members 13 are guided by the inner peripheral surface 16a of the guide tube member 16 so that stable elevating can be achieved.
The outer diameter of each floating tube member 13 is such that a gap 19 between which the seawater can flow in and out is provided between the outer peripheral surface 13b of each floating tube member 13 and the inner peripheral surface 16a of the guide tube member 16. The size is such that it is formed.

Further, the levitation tube member 13 descends most in the guide tube member 16 between the lower end portion 13 c of each levitation tube member 13 and the flat surface 17 a on the upper end side of the filler 17 in each guide tube member 16. In a state, the inflow and outflow of seawater to the inner peripheral surface 13a side of the levitation tube member 3 is stably and reliably performed between the lower end portion 13c of the levitation tube member and the flat surface 17a on the upper end side of the filler 17. For this purpose, a seawater distribution space 20 is formed.
In forming the seawater distribution space 20, for example, a spacer 17 b with which a part of the lower end portion 13 c of the levitation tube member 13 abuts is provided on the flat surface 17 a on the upper end side of the filler 17 a, and the levitation tube Arbitrary means can be used, such as making this space 20 between the lower end part 13c of the member 13 and the flat surface 17a of the filler 17.

In this embodiment, the flow passage 14 is formed between the flow hole 18 of each guide tube member 16 and the inner peripheral surface 16a of each guide tube member 16 and the outer peripheral surface 13b of the floating tube member 13 accommodated therein. It is comprised by the clearance gap 19 between, and also the space 20 for the seawater distribution | circulation provided in the lower end part 13c side of each floating pipe member 13. FIG.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, when the sea surface is in an abnormal tide level, the seawater taken from the intake port 8 passes through the flow hole 18 of each guide pipe member 16 and the inner peripheral surface 16a of each guide pipe member 16. Then, it passes through a gap 19 between the inner peripheral surface 16a of the guide tube member 16 and the outer peripheral surface 13b of the levitation tube member 13, and reaches a space 20 for circulating seawater. Thereby, the seawater in the space 20 collides with the closed lower end portion 13c on the lower end side of each floating tube member 13, and each floating tube member 13 is effectively pushed upward by the energy (water pressure) of the seawater. Further, the floating pipe member 13 is lifted by the buoyancy generated in the floating pipe member 3 by the seawater, so that each of the floating pipe members 13 rises in the guide pipe members 16.
On the contrary, when the sea level is lowered, the seawater in the seawater circulation space 20 is located between the inner peripheral surface 16 a of the guide pipe member 16 and the outer peripheral face 13 b of the floating pipe member 13 from the space 20. After passing through the gap 19, it flows out from the flow hole 18 to the outer peripheral surface 16 b side of each guide tube member 16 and is discharged from the water intake 8, whereby each floating tube member 13 descends inside each guide tube member 16. Will be.
In addition, the seawater which became surplus when each floating pipe member 13 ascends and a part of the seawater which flows out from the inner peripheral surface 13a side of the floating pipe member 13 when each floating pipe member 13 descends are part of the guide pipe member 16. Through the gap 19 between the inner peripheral surface 16a of the buoyant tube member 13 and the outer peripheral surface 13b of the levitation tube member 13, the gas is discharged from the opening on the upper end side of the guide tube member 16, and thus the opening on the upper end side of the accommodation hole 15.

  The wave breaker according to the second embodiment having the above configuration can basically obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment, but the guide tube member as compared with the first embodiment. Since the diameter of 16 can be increased, if the plate thickness of the guide tube is the same, the strength of the guide tube member can be increased, and the wave-proof structural member 2 can be more firmly fixed. It is possible to increase the proof force against the external force of the wave being pushed and the external force when the wave is drawn.

In the second embodiment, the outer peripheral diameter of the guide tube member and the inner peripheral diameter of the accommodation hole are substantially the same, and the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube member and the inner peripheral surface of the accommodation hole are in contact with each other. However, the outer diameter of the guide tube member may be smaller than the inner diameter of the receiving hole, and a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube member and the inner peripheral surface of the receiving hole. May be. In that case, the flow hole has a configuration in which a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube member and the inner peripheral surface of the accommodation hole is added between the water intake and the flow hole of the guide tube member.
In the second embodiment, the levitation tube member 13 has a structure in which the lower end side is hermetically closed and the upper end side is opened. However, the levitation tube member in this embodiment is only on the lower end side. Alternatively, the upper end side may be airtightly closed, or the upper end side may be closed and the lower end side opened.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a third embodiment of a wave breaker according to the present invention. The wave breaker according to this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of a water intake. In addition to being different, seawater intake for some floating pipe members is performed on the offshore side of the wavebreak structure.
That is, in the wavebreaker of the third embodiment, a plurality of water intakes 21 opened in the wavebreak structure 2 are provided in an independent state for each floating pipe member 3, and each water intake 21 Is configured to individually take and discharge seawater from the corresponding one floating pipe member 3. Therefore, the same number of intake ports 21 as the floating pipe member 3 are opened.
Further, the flow passage 22 has a configuration provided between each floating pipe member 3 and the corresponding water intake 21. In addition, about the structure of each flow path 22, it is fundamentally said 1st implementation except the point which is connected with the water intake 21 which takes in and discharges seawater separately with respect to one floating pipe member 3. This is substantially the same configuration as the flow passage of the form, and has the same effect.

Furthermore, at least one of the plurality of water intakes 22 is connected to a cylindrical water intake pipe 23 extending in the offshore direction from the wavebreak structure 2. As shown in FIG. 13, about this embodiment, the intake port with which the intake pipe 23 is connected, and the intake port with which it is not connected are located alternately.
The intake pipe 23 takes in seawater from a distal end (offshore side) opening 23a in the event of a wave or tsunami, and causes the seawater to flow into the flow path 22, with the proximal end being airtightly connected to the intake 21. Has been.
In this embodiment, the intake pipe 23 has a portion near the base end along the offshore surface of the wave-breaking structure 2, and the other portion extends along the seabed ground 1 to the offshore side. It has been made to.
The intake pipe 23 is always filled with seawater, and the portion along the offshore surface of the wavebreak structure 2 near the intake is at least as high as the sea level at the normal tide level. Seawater is filled up to the height of. As a result, the seawater that has flowed in from the opening 23a of the intake pipe 23 in the event of a wave or tsunami pushes the seawater already in the intake pipe 23 in the direction of the water inlet, so that the energy of the wave is transferred to the floating pipe member 3 at an early stage. It is possible to communicate.

Here, the intake pipe 23 is provided in the case of a wave or tsunami, by raising a part of the floating pipe member 3 in advance before the wave reaches the wave preventing structure 2, This is to realize correspondence.
Waves and tsunamis caused by waves are relatively fast, and if the levitation tube member is raised when the waves reach the wave-breaking structure, sufficient time can be taken without securing the time to rise. It cannot be said that there is no possibility that the wave effect cannot be obtained.
Therefore, by using the energy of the wave that pushes in, the seawater is taken in advance at a position sufficiently offshore from the wave-breaking structure, and the energy is transmitted to the floating pipe member at an early stage. Before reaching the point, even a part of the floating pipe members are raised to take a wave-preventing state so that damage can be minimized.

  The configurations other than the intake port 21, the flow passage 22, and the intake pipe 23 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and are denoted by the same reference numerals in order to achieve the same operational effects. Detailed description will be omitted.

  The wave breaker according to the third embodiment having the above-described configuration can obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment. However, as described above, the intake pipe 23 extended to the offshore side is provided. By providing, seawater can be taken in before the wave and tsunami caused by the waves reach the wavebreaking structure, and the floating tube member 3 can be raised at an early stage, so the wavebreaking posture is established early. There is an advantage that you can.

  In the third embodiment, the upper side of the guide tube member 6 is inserted on the inner peripheral surface 3a side of the floating tube member 3 on the basis of the configuration of the first embodiment. However, a configuration in which the floating tube member is inserted on the inner peripheral surface side of the guide tube member based on the configuration of the second embodiment may be used.

14 to 18 show a fourth embodiment of the wave breaker according to the present invention. The wave breaker according to the fourth embodiment includes a plurality of floating pipe members 24 and is adjacent to each other. In the space between the levitation tube members 24, 24, a wave-preventing plate-like member 25 that appears and disappears from the upper end side of the wave prevention structure 2 in synchronization with the levitation tube members 24 is arranged. ing.
The levitation tube members 24 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the wave-breaking structure 2 with a predetermined fixed interval, that is, an interval equivalent to the lateral width of the plate-like member 25 to be installed. . The configuration of each floating tube member 24 itself is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In addition, the accommodation holes 26 formed in the wave-breaking structure 2 are accommodated for the floating tube members that individually accommodate the floating tube members 24 that are arranged at intervals suitable for the arrangement of the floating tube members 24. A plate for accommodating the plate-like member 25 provided between the portion 26a and the adjacent floating tube member accommodating portions 26a, 26a and disposed between the adjacent floating tube members 24, 24 And an accommodating portion 26b for the shaped member. Therefore, the accommodation hole 26 has a configuration in which the housing portions 26a for the respective floating pipe members are communicated in series via the housing portions 26b for the plate-like members.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the intake ports 27 established in the wave-breaking structure 2 are provided in the same number as the levitation tube member 24 and in a mutually independent state. The mouth 27 is configured to take in and discharge seawater from the corresponding one floating pipe member 24.
Further, a flow passage 28 is provided between each floating pipe member 24 and the corresponding water intake 27. The configuration of each flow passage 24 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment except that it is in communication with a water intake 27 for individually taking and discharging seawater from one floating pipe member 24. This is substantially the same configuration as the flow passage of the form, and has the same effect.

The plate-like member 25 is a plate that is formed of, for example, a steel sheet pile or a steel plate and has a height substantially the same as the axial length of the floating tube member 24 and extends in the longitudinal direction of the wave preventing structure 2. It is a body-like one and prevents waves and tsunamis caused by waves between the adjacent levitation tube members 24, 24 together with the levitation tube members 24, 24.
In this embodiment, a plate-like member 25 made of one sheet pile is arranged between adjacent levitation tube members 24, 24, and the outer periphery of the levitation tube member 24 facing both end faces of the plate-like member 25. The structure is rigidly connected to the surface. Further, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, each plate-like member 25 has a position opposed to each other with each levitation tube member 24 sandwiched in plan view (180 in the plan view with the axis of each levitation tube member 24 as the center). Each end portion is fixed to the floating tube member 24 so as not to be moved.
Thereby, each floating pipe member 24 becomes a structure connected in series as a whole via the plate-like member 25. Therefore, when a wave or tsunami caused by a wave comes near, as shown in FIG. The floating pipe member 24 and the plate body member 25 are simultaneously raised in synchronism and protrude from the upper end side of the wave-breaking structure 2, so that all of the floating pipe member 24 and the plate body member 25 prevent waves. To wave. On the other hand, when a wave is drawn, the floating tube member 24 and the plate member 25 are lowered simultaneously and are accommodated in the accommodation hole 26.

  The configurations other than the floating tube member 24, the plate-like member 25, the accommodation hole 26, the water intake 27, and the flow passage 28 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment and have the same functions. In order to achieve the effect, the same reference numerals are assigned and detailed description is omitted.

  The wave breaker according to the fourth embodiment having the above-described configuration can obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment, but the plate-like member 25 is provided between the adjacent levitation tube members 24, 24. As a result of the provision of the first embodiment, the number of the floating pipe members disposed in the wave-breaking structure can be reduced by increasing the interval between the floating pipe members as compared with the configuration of the first embodiment. The number of housing holes and guide tube members can be reduced, thereby making it possible to reduce the labor and cost of installation as a wave preventing device.

In the fourth embodiment, one plate-like member 25 is disposed between the adjacent levitation tube members 24, 24, and the outer periphery of the levitation tube member 24 facing both end faces of the plate-like member 25. Although it is configured to be rigidly joined to the surface, as shown in FIG. 19, on the both sides along the longitudinal direction of the wave-breaking structure on the outer peripheral surface of each levitation tube member, it is about half of the interval between adjacent levitation tube members. A pair of plate-like members 29, 29 having a width of 2 mm may be rigidly joined, and the floating pipe members may be lifted and lowered independently without being connected by the plate-like members.
In this case, as in the first embodiment, each levitation tube member is lifted and lowered independently, so that the pair of plate-like members arranged in each levitation tube member is another levitation tube member. Without being interfered with the movement of the plate-shaped member, it moves up and down together with the joined floating tube member.
Note that each plate-like member has a part on the lower end side of the plate-like member that is caught in the plate-like member accommodating portion of the accommodation hole even if the floating tube member tries to rotate around the axis. The rotation of the floating tube member and the accompanying rotation of the plate-like member are suppressed.
The configuration of the wavebreaker according to FIG. 19 is the same as that of the fourth embodiment except for the plate-like member 29, and therefore the same reference numerals as those of the fourth embodiment are given. .

  Furthermore, in the said 4th Embodiment, although it becomes the structure by which the upper part side of the guide pipe member 6 was inserted in the inner peripheral surface side of the floating pipe member 24 on the basis of the structure of 1st Embodiment. A configuration in which the floating tube member is inserted on the inner peripheral surface side of the guide tube member based on the configuration of the second embodiment may be used. However, in this case, it is necessary to provide a groove or the like in which the plate member is inserted into the construction material in the guide tube member.

Also in the fourth embodiment, as in the third embodiment described above, at least one of the water intakes 27 of the wave-breaking structure 2 has a more offshore direction than the wave-breaking structure 2. It is possible to connect a water intake pipe that takes in seawater in advance from the opening on the tip side and flows into the flow passage in the event of a wave or tsunami.
Particularly in the case of the fourth embodiment, since the opposing plate-like members of the adjacent floating pipe members are rigidly joined, seawater was taken in from the opening of the intake pipe in the event of a wave or tsunami In some cases, all the floating pipe members and plate-like members can be raised simultaneously by the energy. Therefore, since it is possible to arrange the wave-proofing posture as a whole as a whole wave-breaking device and to exhibit a high wave-breaking effect, the installation of the intake pipe in the configuration of the fourth embodiment It is very effective as a countermeasure against waves and tsunamis.
When the opposing plate-like members of the adjacent floating tube members are rigidly joined as in the configuration of the fourth embodiment, these floating tube members are caused by the weight of the floating tube member and the plate-like member. Further, since a large energy is required for raising the plate-like member, it is desirable to provide a plurality of intake pipes according to the number of the floating pipe member and the plate-like member. However, even when these floating pipe members and plate-like members are not completely lifted by seawater from the intake pipe, when the waves and tsunami are pushed against the wave-breaking structure, Is directly taken in and can be brought into a completely elevated state at an early stage, so that it is possible to prepare a wave-preventing state as compared with the case where these floating pipe members and plate-like members are not elevated at all.

Furthermore, although the wavebreaker of the said 1st-4th embodiment may be constructed | assembled by newly installing a wavebreak structure on the ground of a seabed, existing concrete is used as this wavebreak structure. It may be constructed using a made breakwater.
When constructing a wave breaker using such an existing breakwater, an accommodation hole is formed in the vertical direction with respect to the existing breakwater, and the guide tube member is preferably formed on the ground of the seabed from the accommodation hole. Drive up and down until reaching the support layer, and further open a water intake on the offshore side of the breakwater.
Here, when forming the accommodation hole and driving the guide tube member, as shown in FIG. 20, for example, the lower end side of the guide tube member has an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the necessary accommodation hole. The diameter of the guide pipe member 6 (16) is increased and the bit 30 for excavating the concrete is attached to the lower end of the guide pipe member 6 (16). It is possible to use a method of pressing and excavating and rotating to the support layer while rotating downward from the upper end surface. In this case, since the formation of the accommodation hole and the driving of the guide tube member can be performed at the same time, the construction of the wave preventing device can be performed efficiently.
Alternatively, without expanding the diameter of the lower end side of the guide pipe member, a bit for concrete excavation is attached to the lower end side, and this guide pipe member is excavated downward from the upper end surface of the existing breakwater, and the ground on the seabed Alternatively, after driving into the support layer, the inner peripheral diameter is larger than the outer peripheral diameter of the guide tube member and has an outer peripheral diameter equivalent to the inner peripheral diameter of the required accommodation hole, You may make it form an accommodation hole by excavating the circumference | surroundings of a guide pipe member with the steel pipe which attached the bit.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the levitation tube member and the guide tube member are cylindrical. However, the levitation tube member and the guide tube member do not necessarily need to be cylindrical. It can be set as the cylinder which has arbitrary cross-sectional shapes, such as a cylinder.
Further, in the first, third and fourth embodiments, the upper end side of each floating tube member is closed, and in the second embodiment, the lower end side of each floating tube member is closed. Each levitation tube member does not necessarily need to close the upper end side or the lower end side, and may be a simple cylinder having both upper and lower ends opened. However, as in the first to fourth embodiments, it is a matter of course that the energy of seawater can be utilized very effectively when the upper end side and the lower end side of the floating pipe member are closed. .
Further, in the first to fourth embodiments, the accommodation hole is formed in the vertical direction and the guide tube member is penetrated in the vertical direction of the wave-proof structure. It does not necessarily have to be drilled in the vertical direction. The receiving hole is drilled in the vertical direction with the wave-proof structure tilted, and the guide tube member is aligned with the tilted drilling direction of the receiving hole. The structure penetrated in the up-down direction of the wave-proof structure may be sufficient.

1: Seabed ground 2: Wave-proof structure 3, 13, 24: Floating pipe member 4, 14, 22, 28: Flow passage 5, 26: Accommodating hole 6, 16: Guide pipe member 7: Sea surface 8, 21, 27: Water intake 11: Filler 12: Stopper member 23: Water intake pipe

Claims (8)

A wave preventing device for preventing waves and tsunamis, a wave preventing structure fixedly disposed on the ground of the seabed, and a wave preventing structure formed in a cylindrical shape in the event of waves and tsunamis A plurality of floating pipe members protruding from the upper end side of each of the floating pipe members, a flow passage for allowing seawater to flow into and out of the lower end side of each floating pipe member, A tube member is housed in a retractable manner from the upper end side of the wave preventing structure, an accommodation hole opened at the upper end side, and the wave preventing structure is formed in the vertical direction, and the upper side is disposed in the accommodation hole. A plurality of guide tube members formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction for individually guiding the raising and lowering of the floating tube members,
The wave-breaking structure is provided on the offshore side of the wave-breaking structure, and includes a water intake port that takes in seawater and flows it into the flow passage while discharging seawater flowing out from the flow passage to the sea.
Each levitation tube member rises along the guide tube member in the accommodation hole due to water pressure caused by seawater flowing into the lower end side of each levitation tube member through the flow passage and buoyancy generated in the levitation tube member. Projecting from the upper end side of the wave-breaking structure to prevent waves and tsunamis, and by causing the seawater on the lower end side of each floating pipe member to flow out through the flow passage by the weight of the floating pipe member, the inside of the accommodation hole It is configured to descend along the member and be accommodated in the accommodation hole,
Each of the guide tube members penetrates the wave-proof structure in the vertical direction, guides the lifting and lowering of the floating tube member on the upper side, and the lower end side is driven to the ground of the seabed ,
The intake is provided above the sea level normal tide level,
The accommodation hole is provided with a bottom portion above the sea bottom,
The wave breaker is characterized in that the levitation tube member is raised by buoyancy, and the upper end of the levitation tube member is positioned above the sea surface .   The levitation tube member has a configuration in which the guide tube members are inserted on the inner peripheral surface side, and the inner peripheral surface of the levitation tube member is guided along the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube member. The wavebreaker according to claim 1, wherein   Each levitation tube member is individually disposed on the inner peripheral side of each guide tube member so as to freely move up and down, and the outer peripheral surface of the levitation tube member is guided along the inner peripheral surface of the guide tube member. 2. The prevention according to claim 1, wherein the guide pipe member is provided with a flow hole through which seawater flows in and out of the inner peripheral surface side of the guide pipe member. Wave equipment. The wave preventing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a filler for increasing the weight of the guide tube member is filled on an inner peripheral surface side of the guide tube member. The guide tube member is filled with a filler for increasing the weight of the guide tube member below the lifting range of the floating tube member in the guide tube member on the inner peripheral surface side thereof. The wave preventing device according to claim 3. The water intake of the wave breaker structure is extended in the off-shore direction from the wave breaker structure, and seawater is taken in from the opening on the tip side in advance in the event of a wave or tsunami and flows into the flow passage. A water pipe is connected, The wave preventing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . The levitation tube members are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the wave-breaking structure with a certain interval, and the wave-breaking structure is synchronized with these levitation tube members in a space between adjacent levitation tube members. A wave-protecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a wave-preventing plate-shaped member that protrudes and appears from an upper end side of the wave-proofing member is disposed. A stopper member is provided between each of the floating tube members and the corresponding guide tube member to prevent the floating tube members from being detached from the guide tube member. Item 8. A wave preventing device according to any one of Items 7 to 9 .

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