JP5674761B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool that includes a front spindle and a back spindle having parallel axes, and a plurality of front machining tools and back machining tools to perform desired front and back machining.

Conventionally, when multi-step machining is performed on a single workpiece, a machine tool equipped with a front spindle and a rear spindle having parallel axes and a front machining tool and a back machining tool is used, and the workpiece is moved between the spindles. The workpiece is processed sequentially while giving and receiving.
With multiple front and back machining tools, the tool can be changed only by controlling the machine tool to reduce the number of tool changes even if the type of machining is frequently changed. Machine tools capable of handling a small amount of production in a short time are known.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the front main shaft 510 is provided on the front main shaft 511 and can move in the axial direction (Z-axis direction), the rear main shaft 520 has an axis parallel to the front main shaft 510, and the rear main shaft A front tool table 541 that is provided on the table 521 and is movable in the Z-axis direction and a direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction (X-axis direction), and holds a plurality of front processing tools 540 and back processing tools 530, respectively. In addition, there is known a machine tool 500 including a back tool table 531 and a front tool table 541 configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction.

  In addition, the machine tool 500 is configured such that the back tool table 531 can move in the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, and a direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction (Y-axis direction), and exchanges workpieces between the spindles. The front and back surfaces of the workpiece are sequentially processed while performing (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-111631 A (3rd page, 4th page, FIG. 8)

  However, in the machine tool 500 as described above, the front headstock 511 is configured to be movable only in the Z-axis direction and the front tool table 541 is movable only in the Z-axis and X-axis directions. There is a problem that the number of front-side processing tools 540 that can be disposed only in the X-axis direction is limited.

  Further, when the back machining is performed, the back spindle head 521 is configured to be movable in the Z-axis and X-axis directions, and the back tool table 531 is configured to be movable in the Y-axis and X-axis directions. Although it can be arranged in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction, when performing workpiece transfer between the spindles or performing desired front / back machining, one axis of the front spindle table 511, the rear spindle table 521, and the front tool table 541 In addition, it is necessary to individually control each of the two axes of the two of the back tool table 531 for each work, and the control becomes complicated and it is difficult to increase the speed and accuracy due to the large number of movable parts. There was a problem.

The invention according to claim 1 includes a front main spindle, a rear main spindle arranged to face the front main spindle, a front tool table arranged to face the front main spindle and holding a plurality of front machining tools, In a machine tool provided with a back tool table arranged opposite to the back spindle and holding a plurality of back processing tools, the front processing tool and the back processing tool are respectively placed on the front tool table and the back tool table. Arranged in a plurality of stages in the Y-axis direction intersecting the axis of the main shaft, the front main shaft and the rear tool table are fixed in the Y-axis direction, and the front tool table and the rear main shaft Are provided so as to be integrally movable in the Y-axis direction, and by moving the back spindle in the Y-axis direction, a front machining tool stage corresponding to the front spindle and a back machining tool stage corresponding to the back spindle By switching It is intended to solve the above problems.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to claim 1, the steps of the front machining tool and the back machining tool are formed at the same pitch. Is a solution.

In the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, the back spindle is configured so that both spindles and the machining tool of the step corresponding to each spindle are coplanar. A front spindle and a step machining tool corresponding to the front spindle in one of two different planes, and the back spindle and the back spindle in the other plane. The above-mentioned problem is solved by having a position where the back surface processing tool corresponding to the step is located.

In the invention according to claim 4, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, the back spindle is not positioned in the same plane as any step of the front machining tool. Arranged so that the front spindle does not lie in the same plane as any step of the back machining tool, and the back spindle is the same as each spindle and the machining tool of the step corresponding to each spindle. By having a plurality of positions located on a plane, and in all positions, all the steps of the back machining tool and all the steps of the front machining tool are located on different planes. It is a solution.

  In addition to the configuration of the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the plurality of front machining tools and back machining tools include the front tool table and The above-described problems are solved by arranging the tool rows in the X-axis direction intersecting the movement axis in the Y-axis direction of the axis and the back spindle, respectively, on the back tool table.

  In the invention according to claim 6, in addition to the configuration of the machine tool described in claim 5, the front machining tool and the back machining tool of all the tool rows of the front tool table and the rear tool table are tools. The said subject is solved by arrange | positioning at the same pitch in the plane which a row | line | column makes.

  In addition to the construction of the machine tool described in claim 5 or 6, the invention according to claim 7 is a tool for front machining and back machining of all tool rows of the front tool table and the rear tool table. The tool is processed by the back machining tool farthest from the front spindle at the position where the workpiece held by the front spindle is machined by the front machining tool farthest from the back spindle. The said subject is solved by arrange | positioning so that it may become a position performed.

In the machine tool according to the first aspect of the present invention, the front machining tool and the back machining tool are arranged in a plurality of stages in the Y-axis direction intersecting the axis (Z axis) of both spindles on the front tool table and the back tool table, respectively. The front spindle and the rear tool table are fixed in the Y-axis direction, and the front tool table and the rear spindle are integrally movable in the Y-axis direction. By switching between the step of the front machining tool corresponding to the front spindle and the step of the back machining tool corresponding to the rear spindle, the front machining tool and the movement of the rear spindle only in the Y-axis direction can be switched. Since the back surface processing tool can be selected, it is easy to control the tool exchange, and it is possible to reduce the number of moving parts and to increase the speed and accuracy.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously select specific stages of the front machining tool and the back machining tool by positioning control corresponding to the number of stages in the Y-axis direction of the back spindle. Is more simplified.
According to the configuration of the third aspect, machining is performed by positioning both the spindles and the machining tool corresponding to each spindle in the same plane, machining on the front spindle side and back spindle on two different planes. It is possible to easily switch between processing for performing side processing.
Further, after the workpiece is transferred between the front spindle and the rear spindle, the next machining can be performed immediately without moving the rear spindle in the Y-axis direction, and the machining efficiency is improved.

According to the configuration of the fourth aspect, the front machining tool and the back machining tool are not located on the same plane at all machining positions in the Y-axis direction, and the front machining tool and the back machining are performed during machining. Even if the tool is approaching, it can be prevented from interfering.
According to the configuration of the fifth aspect of the present invention, the position of the back spindle in the X-axis direction intersecting the axis (Z axis) and the movement axis of the back spindle in the Y-axis direction is controlled, so that the front machining tool and the back machining are used. Tools can be easily switched and selected, and the number of tools can be increased by simple control.

  According to the configuration of the sixth aspect of the invention, the X axis positioning control of the back spindle for simultaneously selecting the front processing tool and the back processing tool at the same stage is made common, and the control becomes easier. It is possible to hold the two workpieces on the front spindle and the back spindle and perform the respective front machining and back machining simultaneously, and it is possible to increase the speed by shortening the machining time.

According to the configuration of the seventh aspect, since the front machining tool and the back machining tool can be arranged in the entire movement range of the back spindle in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, many tools can be arranged and selected. Can be processed.
In addition, by arranging the front machining tool and the back machining tool in the row direction in the order of machining, the machining tools are selected in the X axis direction in order, and the X axis movement distance of the back spindle is reduced to reduce the front machining and back machining. Both can be performed in sequence, and the processing efficiency is improved.

The perspective view of the machine tool which is 1st Example of this invention. The perspective view of the 1st position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG. The perspective view of the 2nd position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG. The perspective view of the machine tool which is 2nd Example of this invention. The perspective view of the 1st position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG. The perspective view of the 2nd position of the machine tool of FIG. The side view of FIG. The top view of the conventional machine tool.

As shown in FIG. 1, a machine tool 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a front spindle 111, a rear spindle 120, and a front machining tool that hold a front spindle 110 rotatably on a base 150. A holding table 121 that holds 140, a back tool table 131 that holds a back processing tool 130, and a guide bush support table 161 that holds a guide bush 160.
The guide bush support base 161 is fixed to the base 150 and is arranged such that the axis of the guide bush 160 coincides with the axis of the front main shaft 110.
The holding table 121 serves as a back spindle table for holding the back spindle 120 and a front tool table for holding the front machining tool 140.

  The holding stand 121 supports the back main shaft 120 so as to be rotatable. The holding stand 121 and the front spindle stock 111 are arranged such that the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120 are opposed to each other with the axes parallel to each other. Accordingly, the front tool 140 is disposed at a position facing the front main shaft 110. The back tool table 131 is disposed at a position where the back tool 130 faces the back main shaft 120, and is fixed to the base 150.

  A front Z-axis rail 151 is provided on the base 150 in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of the front main shaft. The front headstock 111 is slidably supported on the front Z-axis rail 151. The front headstock 111 is slidably driven on the front Z-axis rail 151 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown). As a result, the front head stock 111 is controlled to move in the Z-axis direction on the front Z-axis rail 151.

  On the base 150, an X-axis rail 152 is provided in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction in the left-right direction. The X-axis rail 152 is disposed at a position facing the front Z-axis rail 151. An X-axis slide table 153 is slidably supported on the X-axis rail 152. The X-axis slide table 153 is slidably driven on the X-axis rail 152 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown).

  The X-axis slide table 153 is provided with a back Z-axis rail 154 in the Z-axis direction. On the back Z-axis rail 154, a Z-axis slide base 155 is slidably supported. The Z-axis slide base 155 is slidably driven on the back Z-axis rail 154 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown). The Z-axis slide base 155 is provided with Y-axis rails 156 in the Y-axis direction in the vertical direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.

  The holding table 121 is slidably supported on the Y-axis rail 156. The holding table 121 is slidably driven on the Y-axis rail 156 so as to be position-controllable by a driving device (not shown). As a result, the holding table 121 is integrated with the Z-axis direction, the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the base 150 via the X-axis slide table 153 and the Z-axis slide table 155. Move controlled.

The workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 is inserted through the guide bush 160 and guided, and the portion protruding from the guide bush 160 is machined by the front machining tool 140 by the movement control of the front spindle 111 and the holding table 121. Is done.
The workpiece W held on the back spindle 120 is machined by the back machining tool 130 by the movement control of the holding table 121.

The front machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 are arranged in plural (five in this embodiment) in the X-axis direction on the holding table 121 and the back tool table 131 to form a tool row.
In each tool row, each front machining tool 140 or back machining tool 130 constituting the tool row is arranged in a straight line in the X-axis direction. The holding table 121 and the back tool table 131 hold the front machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 so that the tool row is formed in a plurality of stages (two stages in this embodiment) in the Y-axis direction. The pitch between each stage of the tool row of the holding stand 121 and the back tool stand 131 is set to be the same.

  In the holding stand 121, both the main shafts 110 and 120 are located in the same plane, and the main shafts 110 and 120 are included in the same plane in the XZ-axis direction. The position is controlled in the Y-axis direction so that the second position, which is located in the plane in the XZ-axis direction and the axes of both the main shafts 110 and 120 are separated in the Y-axis direction, is switched.

In the first position of the holding base 121, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the X axis direction of the tool row of the lower front machining tool 140 is in the plane including the axes of the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120. The front main shaft 110 and the rear main shaft 120 are arranged so that the straight line in the X-axis direction of the tool row of the upper back processing tool 130 is included.
Accordingly, in the first position of the holding table 121, both the spindles 110 and 120, the front tool 140 B in the lower tool row of the front tool table 141, and the back tool in the upper tool row of the rear tool table 131 are used. 130A is disposed in one plane (processing plane).

  By switching the holding stand 121 to the first position, the machining of the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120 on one machining plane can be performed using the front machining tool 140B in the lower tool row and the upper tool row. This can be performed with the back surface processing tool 130A. In particular, it is possible to easily process the workpiece W while easily transferring the workpiece W between the two spindles 110 and 120.

  On the other hand, due to the arrangement of the main spindles 110 and 120, the front machining tool 140, and the rear machining tool 130, the axis of the rear spindle 120 is at the second position of the holding base 121 as shown in FIGS. The plane that is included includes a straight line in the X-axis direction of the tool row of the lower back machining tool 130, and the plane of the tool row of the upper front machining tool 140 is included in the plane that includes the axis of the front spindle 110. Includes axial axis.

Thereby, in the said 2nd position of the holding stand 121, the front main axis | shaft 110 and the front processing tool 140A of the upper stage tool row | line | column of the front tool stand 141 are arrange | positioned in one plane (machining plane), and the back main axis | shaft 120. And the back machining tool 130B in the lower tool row of the back tool table 131 are arranged in one plane (machining plane) separated from the machining plane in the Y-axis direction.
By moving the holding stand 121 in the Y-axis direction and switching to the second position, the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 and the workpiece W held on the back spindle 120 are separated from each other in the Y-axis direction. On the processing plane, it can be processed by the front processing tool 140A or the back processing tool 130B.

The upper stage of the tool row in the front machining and back machining of the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 and the workpiece W held on the back spindle 120 by switching the position by the operation of only one axis in the Y-axis direction of the holding base 121; The lower selection can be made simultaneously.
It is also possible to employ a simple and highly accurate positioning means such as a stopper for the position control of the two positions, so that the position switching control is further facilitated and the position accuracy is improved.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the pitch in the X-axis direction of the front machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 is set to be the same in all the tool rows, and the front spindle 110 and the rear spindle 120 are in front of each other. The positional relationship in the X-axis direction between the machining tool 140 and the back machining tool 130 is the position at which the workpiece W held on the front spindle 110 is machined by the front machining tool 140A1 (or 140B1) that is farthest from the back spindle 120. , The work W held on the back spindle 120 is disposed at a position to be machined by the back machining tool 130B1 (or 130A1) farthest from the front spindle 110.

  When a plurality of front surface processing and back surface processing are sequentially performed on the workpiece W, a front processing tool 140B used for front processing is arranged in order from the side closer to the back spindle 120 in the lower tool row of the holding table 121, and the upper stage The front machining tool 140A used for the front machining is arranged in order from the far side from the back spindle 120 in the tool row of FIG. 5, and the back machining in order from the side closer to the front spindle 110 is arranged in the upper tool row of the back tool table 131. The back processing tool 130A used for the back processing is disposed in the lower tool row, and the back processing tool 130B used for back processing is disposed in order from the far side from the front main shaft 110, so that the holding table 121 can be moved in the X-axis direction. By moving the processing tools one by one while selecting the processing tools one by one, the movement of the holding base 121 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is reduced. And, it is possible to perform efficiently processed by reducing the tool changeover time.

As shown in FIG. 6, the machine tool 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the positional relationship between the front spindle 210 and the back machining tool 230 in the Y-axis direction, and the back spindle 220 and the front machining tool 240. Only the positional relationship in the Y-axis direction is different from the machine tool 100 of the first embodiment, and the other configurations are the same.
6 to 10 are the same as the last two digits of the reference numerals in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, and the same functions and operations are shown in the first embodiment. The explanation is omitted because it is the same as.

  The back main shaft 220 is arranged in the Y-axis direction so as not to be positioned in the same plane as any step of the front processing tool 240, and the front main shaft 210 is positioned in the same plane as any step of the back processing tool 230. It is arranged in the Y-axis direction so that it does not.

  In the holding table 221, the front spindle 210 is located in the same plane as the front machining tool 240 of the lower tool row, and the rear spindle 220 is located in the same plane as the rear machining tool 230 of the upper tool row. The first position, the front spindle 210 is located in the same plane as the front machining tool 240 in the upper tool row, and the back spindle 220 is located in the same plane as the rear machining tool 230 in the lower tool row. The position is controlled in the Y-axis direction so that the second position can be switched.

  In the first position of the holding base 221, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the plane including the axis of the front main shaft 210 and the plane including the axis of the rear main shaft 220 are close to each other but not the same plane. In addition, all the steps of the front machining tool 240 and the back machining tool 230 are located on different planes.

  On the other hand, in the second position of the holding base 221, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the plane including the axis of the front main shaft 210 and the plane including the axis of the back main shaft 220 are separated from each other and are processed in front. All the steps of the working tool 240 and the back surface processing tool 230 are located on different planes.

  Thus, by switching the holding base 221 to the first position, the machining of the workpiece W held by the front spindle 210 and the back spindle 220 is performed with the front machining tool 240B in the lower tool row on each machining plane. It can be performed by the back surface processing tool 230A in the upper tool row. When the holding base 221 is moved in the Y-axis direction and switched to the second position, the workpiece W held on the front spindle 210 and the back spindle 220 are The held workpiece W can be machined by a front machining tool 240A in the upper tool row or a back machining tool 230B in the lower tool row on different machining planes separated from each other in the Y-axis direction.

  By switching the position of the back spindle base 221 by the movement of only one axis in the Y-axis direction of the holding base 221, the workpiece W held on the front spindle 210 and the back spindle 220 are held as in the first embodiment. In addition, the upper stage and lower stage of the tool row in the front machining and the back machining of the workpiece W can be selected at the same time, which facilitates the position control of the two positions and improves the position accuracy.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, at any position, all steps of the front machining tool 240 and the back machining tool 230 are located on different planes, so that the front machining tool 240 is used for the front machining. Even if the tool 240 and the back surface processing tool 230 approach each other, interference can be prevented. When the workpiece W is exchanged between the front main shaft 210 and the rear main shaft 220, the holding base 221 is position-controlled in the Y-axis direction at a position where both the main shafts 210 and 220 are located on the same plane. The workpiece W can be exchanged by making the axes of the two spindles 210 and 220 coincide.

In any of the above-described embodiments, selection of the front processing tools 140 and 240 and the back processing tools 130 and 230 in the tool row in both front and back processing is performed in the X-axis direction of the holding bases 121 and 221. It can be performed simultaneously with only one axis operation.
In any of the embodiments, by moving the X-axis and Y-axis of the holding bases 121 and 221, 10 front machining tools 140 and 240 and back machining tools arranged in 5 × 2 stages, respectively. Since any tool can be selected from 130 and 230 at the same time, it is possible to hold the two workpieces W on the front spindles 110 and 210 and the rear spindles 120 and 220 to perform the respective front machining and back machining simultaneously. Become.

Note that the drawings attached to the present application are simplified for easy understanding of the arrangement relationship and operation, and the actual specific shapes and dimensions of the individual components are limited to those shown in the drawings. is not.
The number and arrangement of the front processing tools 140 and 240 and the back processing tools 130 and 230 may be arbitrary, and the bases 150 and 250 may be installed in any of horizontal, inclined, and vertical directions. .
Further, although not shown in the drawings, other desired components such as a turning tool, a workpiece W handling mechanism, a machining fluid supply mechanism, a machining waste discharge mechanism, and the like are appropriately provided. There may be.

100, 200, 500 ... machine tools
501... Tool table for turning
502 ... Turning tool bases 110, 210, 510 ... Front spindles 111, 220, 511 ... Front spindles 120, 230, 520 ... Back spindles 121, 221 ... Holding stands
521 ... Back headstock 130, 230, 530 ... Back working tools 131, 231, 531 ... Back tool bases 140, 240, 540 ... Front working tools 141, 241, 541 ... Front tool bases 150, 250 ... Bases 151,251 ... Front Z-axis rails 152,252 ... X-axis rails 153,253 ... X-axis slide tables 154,254 ... Back Z-axis rails 155, 255 ... Z-axis slide bases 156, 256 ... Y-axis rails 160, 260 ... Guide bush 161, 261 ... Guide bush support base W ... Workpiece

Claims (7)

A front main spindle, a rear main spindle arranged opposite to the front main spindle, a front tool table arranged opposite to the front main spindle to hold a plurality of front machining tools, and arranged opposite to the rear main spindle. In a machine tool having a back tool table for holding a plurality of back processing tools,
The front machining tool and the back machining tool are arranged in a plurality of stages in the Y axis direction intersecting the axis of both spindles on the front tool table and the back tool table, respectively.
The front spindle and the back tool table are provided fixed in the Y-axis direction, and the front tool table and the back spindle are provided so as to be integrally movable in the Y-axis direction,
A machine tool characterized in that a step of a front machining tool corresponding to the front spindle and a step of a back machining tool corresponding to the rear spindle are switched by movement of the rear spindle in the Y-axis direction.   The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the steps of the front machining tool and the back machining tool are formed at the same pitch. The back main shaft has a front main shaft and a step corresponding to the front main shaft in a position where the two main shafts and the machining tool of the step corresponding to each main shaft are located in the same plane, and one of two different planes. located and a front machining tool, in the other plane, and back machining tool stage corresponding to sub spindle and said back main shaft and having a position located claim 1 or 2 The machine tool described in 1. The back spindle is arranged so that it is not located in the same plane as any step of the front machining tool,
The front spindle is arranged so as not to be located in the same plane as any step of the back machining tool,
The back spindle has a plurality of positions in which each spindle and the processing tool of the step corresponding to each spindle are located on the same plane,
3. The machine tool according to claim 1 , wherein in all positions, all the steps of the back surface processing tool and all the steps of the front surface processing tool are located on different planes. 4. .   The plurality of front machining tools and back machining tools form a tool row on the front tool table and the back tool table in the X-axis direction intersecting with the movement axis in the Y-axis direction of the axis and the back spindle. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the machine tool is disposed on the machine tool.   6. The front machining tool and the back machining tool of all the tool rows of the front tool table and the rear tool table are arranged at the same pitch in a plane formed by the tool row. Machine Tools. The front machining tool and the back machining tool of all the tool rows of the front tool table and the rear tool table are processed at a position where the workpiece held on the front spindle is machined by the front machining tool farthest from the rear spindle. The machine tool according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the workpiece held by the back spindle is disposed at a position to be machined by a back machining tool farthest from the front spindle. .

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