JP5654115B2 - 金属酸化物のナノファイバーおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
金属酸化物のナノファイバーおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5654115B2 JP5654115B2 JP2013501613A JP2013501613A JP5654115B2 JP 5654115 B2 JP5654115 B2 JP 5654115B2 JP 2013501613 A JP2013501613 A JP 2013501613A JP 2013501613 A JP2013501613 A JP 2013501613A JP 5654115 B2 JP5654115 B2 JP 5654115B2
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- metal oxide
- nanofiber
- nanofibers
- metal
- solid electrolyte
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- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 119
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 80
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910021526 gadolinium-doped ceria Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical group [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001453 impedance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002492 Ce(NO3)3·6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002484 Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002617 Gd(NO3)3·6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006219 ZrO(NO3)2·2H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical group [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000349 field-emission scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000445 field-emission scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012702 metal oxide precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZYUZQAJONYWBMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(3+) zirconium(4+) heptanitrate Chemical compound [Y+3].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Zr+4].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] ZYUZQAJONYWBMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G25/00—Compounds of zirconium
- C01G25/02—Oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/206—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element oxide or hydroxide being the only anion
- C01F17/224—Oxides or hydroxides of lanthanides
- C01F17/235—Cerium oxides or hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/206—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element oxide or hydroxide being the only anion
- C01F17/241—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element oxide or hydroxide being the only anion containing two or more rare earth metals, e.g. NdPrO3 or LaNdPrO3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62227—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres
- C04B35/62231—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres based on oxide ceramics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62227—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres
- C04B35/62231—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/6225—Fibres based on zirconium oxide, e.g. zirconates such as PZT
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
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- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/14—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, or of their acetals or ketals
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/10—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material by decomposition of organic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
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- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. in situ polymerisation or in situ crosslinking
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- H01M8/1081—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
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- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1086—After-treatment of the membrane other than by polymerisation
- H01M8/1093—After-treatment of the membrane other than by polymerisation mechanical, e.g. pressing, puncturing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
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Description
本発明の一観点によると、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Ho、Yb、Zr、Sr、Ba、Mn、Fe、Co、MaおよびGaのうちから選択される少なくとも1種の金属の金属酸化物のナノファイバーの製造方法が提供されており、
a)上記金属の塩を含有する前駆体を紡糸して、前記金属の塩を含有する前駆体のナノファイバーを得ることが可能であることと、
b)上記金属の塩を含有する前駆体のナノファイバーを500〜800℃の温度範囲内で焼成し、金属酸化物のナノファイバーを得ることが可能であることと、を含む。
本発明の一観点によると、前記前駆体中に、高分子化合物を含んでよい。
本発明の一観点によると、電界紡糸または液中紡糸法を利用して前記金属酸化物の前駆体のナノファイバーを製造してよい。
本発明の一観点によると、上記固体電解質材料により製造されてよい燃料電池が提供されている。
本発明の一観点によると、上記固体電解質材料により製造されてよい酸素センサが提供されている。
ここにおいて、“金属酸化物”とは金属元素の酸化物を主な形態とする化合物を指す。前記金属酸化物中には1種または複数種の金属元素が含まれてよく、好適には1種から2種の金属元素が含まれる。前記金属元素は、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、サマリウム、ガドリニウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミウム、イッテルビウムなどの希土類金属、およびジルコニウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、マグネシウムおよびガリウムなどその他金属の少なくとも1種としてよい。好適には、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、サマリウムまたはガドリニウム元素の少なくとも1種であり、より好適には、スカンジウム、セリウム、プラセオジム、サマリウムおよびガドリニウム元素の少なくとも1種を含有する。その他、前記金属酸化物中に、その他の金属元素を含有してもよい。しかし、本発明において効果が最良である金属酸化物中の金属元素は、上記金属から選択される。
本発明の金属酸化物ナノファイバーの製造方法には、ナノファイバーの調製工程および焼成工程が含まれる。各工程について、以下の通り説明する。
この工程について、その目的は金属塩を含有する前駆体に対してナノファイバー紡糸過程を実施して、金属塩を含有するナノファイバーを形成することにある。ここにおいて、“前駆体”とは金属塩を含有するナノファイバーを形成するための物質を指す。ナノファイバーの形成過程において、前駆体の化学成分内には最終的に金属酸化物ナノファイバーを形成するために必須の金属塩が含まれていなければならず、さらに溶媒および複数種の化合物も含まれる。当該前駆体は通常はゾル状である。その場合、溶媒としての組成は特に限定されるわけではなく、有機溶媒としてよく、水またはアルコールとしてもよく、好適には水である。金属塩は前述の金属カチオンの塩としてよく、その組成は具体的に限定されず、具体的な金属カチオンによる塩の種類は、硝酸塩、硫酸塩、ハロゲン化物など各種の無機塩類、および当該カチオンを含む有機塩類としてよく、本発明において好適には硝酸イオンを含有する塩である。前駆体中の金属塩の濃度は、好適にはその質量百分率濃度が2〜10wt%の間である。
この過程は、上記工程で得られた金属塩を含有するナノファイバーを焼成することにより金属酸化物の焼成体形式のナノファイバーを得るものである。この工程により、金属は酸化されて金属酸化物を形成し、金属酸化物は結晶化し、凝集して、結晶体が長くなり、結晶粒寸法が比較的大きな金属酸化物結晶体を形成する。この過程において、焼成温度の範囲は500〜800℃であり、好適には550〜650℃の範囲内である。焼成時間は一般には2〜10時間以上であり、好適には2〜4時間である。この焼成過程は空気雰囲気中で実施してよいが、焼成を加速させるため、雰囲気中の酸素分圧を低下させ、例えば水素ガス雰囲気、窒素ガス雰囲気、真空または水素ガスとアルゴンガスとの混合雰囲気中で焼成してもよい。
Ce(NO3)3・6H2O(純度99.9%以上)
Gd(NO3)3・6H2O(純度99.9%以上)
Y(NO3)3・6H2O(純度99.9%以上)
ZrO(NO3)2・2H2O(純度99.9%以上)
ポリビニルアルコール(PVA、MW=80000)
以下の方法に基づき、Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95(GDC)の前駆体溶液を調製した。
0.6gのPVA粒子を5.4gの脱イオン水中に溶解し、温度60℃下で加熱しながら3時間撹拌してPVA水溶液を得た。その後、0.48gのセリウムおよびガドリニウムを含有する金属硝酸塩(モル比はCe:Gd=9:1)を上記PVA水溶液に加えた。室温下で2時間撹拌した後に、ガドリニウムを含有する硝酸セリウム/PVAの透明ゾル状の前駆体溶液が得られた。
電気化学ワークステーション(Zahner、IM6、Germany)を採用し、空気雰囲気中でGDCおよびYSZナノファイバーの400〜650℃の温度範囲内における交流インピーダンススペクトルを測定して、GDCおよびYSZナノファイバーの結晶粒界、結晶粒子および総導電率を算出した。
102:固体電解質
103:カソード
104:アノード
110:外部回路
Claims (10)
- Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Ho、Yb、Zr、Sr、Ba、Fe、Co、MgおよびGaのうちから選択される少なくとも1種の金属の金属酸化物のナノファイバーの製造方法であって、
a)前記金属の塩及び高分子化合物を含有する前駆体を電界紡糸して、前記金属の塩を含有する前駆体のナノファイバーを製造することと、
b)前記金属の塩及び高分子化合物を含有する前駆体のナノファイバーを550〜650℃の温度範囲内で2〜4時間焼成し、前記少なくとも1種の金属元素を含有する金属酸化物のナノファイバーを得ることと、を含み、
前記ナノファイバーの平均径が50〜100nmの範囲であり、前記ナノファイバー中の結晶体の平均結晶粒が2〜20nmの範囲である、金属酸化物のナノファイバーの製造方法。 - 前記金属酸化物は、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、SmおよびGdから選択される少なくとも1種の金属の金属酸化物である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記金属酸化物が、ガドリニウムドープセリア(GDC)またはイットリア安定化ジルコニア(YSZ)である、請求項1または2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記高分子化合物がポリビニルアルコールである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記工程b)が、前記前駆体のナノファイバーを600℃で2時間焼成することで実施される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Ho、Yb、Zr、Sr、Ba、Fe、Co、MgおよびGaのうちから選択される少なくとも1種の金属元素を含有する金属酸化物のナノファイバーであって、前記ナノファイバーの平均径は50〜100nmの範囲であり、前記ナノファイバー中の結晶体の平均結晶粒は2〜20nmの範囲である、金属酸化物のナノファイバー。
- 前記金属酸化物が、ガドリニウムドープセリア(GDC)またはイットリア安定化ジルコニア(YSZ)である、請求項6に記載の金属酸化物のナノファイバー。
- 請求項6または7記載の金属酸化物のナノファイバーを含む、固体電解質材料。
- 請求項8記載の固体電解質材料から製造される、燃料電池。
- 請求項8記載の固体電解質材料から製造される、酸素センサ。
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CN101899725B (zh) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-06-11 | 清华大学 | 金属氧化物的纳米纤维及其制造方法 |
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EP2554724A4 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
EP2554724A9 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
CN103003477B (zh) | 2016-10-19 |
EP2554724B1 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
US20150244015A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
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CN101899725A (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
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