JP5643471B2 - Stepping motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stepping motor using a permanent magnet as a rotor.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, stepping motors using permanent magnets as rotors have been used as control motors for OA equipment such as printers. These stepping motors are configured as shown in FIG. 6, for example. A disc-shaped permanent magnet 53 is coaxially disposed on a shaft 51 that is rotatably held, and a rotor piece 52 made of a magnetic material is disposed so as to sandwich the permanent magnet 53 from the axial direction. A stator 6 having a plurality of magnetic poles 61 projecting toward the rotor is formed by constituting the rotor 5 and winding an exciting coil 62 around the rotor 5 with an outer edge of the rotor 5 and a predetermined gap. The configuration is arranged in a ring arrangement.

  In the stepping motor having such a configuration, the small teeth 52a formed at a predetermined pitch on the outer edge of the rotor piece 52 and the small teeth 61a formed on the front end side of the magnetic pole 61 of the stator 6 face each other and are attracted or repelled. The rotor 5 is rotated. Since the positional relationship in the rotational direction of the small teeth 52a of the two rotor pieces 52 that sandwich the permanent magnet 53 from the upper and lower sides in the axial direction is relatively deviated by a predetermined pitch, With respect to the small teeth 61 a of the magnetic pole 61, the small teeth 52 a of the one rotor piece 52 are shifted. For this reason, when viewed as a whole of the rotor 5 and the stator 6, the opposing areas of the small teeth (hereinafter referred to as “opposing areas”) have decreased. Since the torque amount of the stepping motor is proportional to the amount of magnetic flux between the opposing areas, in order to ensure the desired torque amount, if the magnetic flux density is the same, the diameter is increased and the peripheral area is increased to increase the opposing area. This needs to be increased, but this has led to an increase in equipment volume, which is not a good idea.

  Moreover, the structure of the rotor which increases this opposing area efficiently is disclosed by patent document 1. FIG. In this configuration, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotor 5 is formed in an annular shape or a cylindrical shape and the outer peripheral surface is magnetized in a radial anisotropy so that the small teeth on the rotor side are omitted. It is. In the stepping motor employing the rotor 5 having this configuration, the small teeth on the rotor side are omitted, and there is no deviation between the small teeth due to the division into the two rotor pieces 52. The facing area of the child 6 was further increased. However, even if such a rotor 5 is adopted, for example, in a stepping motor which is a commonly used two-phase machine shown in FIG. 7 and the stator 6 has an 8-pole structure, the rotor 5 and the stator 6 are formed. As the magnetic path r jumps over the magnetic pole 61 (approximately 90 ° in the drawing) and becomes longer, the magnetic resistance increases, so that there is still a problem that the torque cannot be obtained sufficiently.

A stepping motor that shortens the magnetic path is disclosed in Patent Document 2. In this stepping motor, magnetic poles to be magnetized in a cylindrical rotor are alternately arranged at equal pitches with Z poles each having N poles and S poles, and Z = m (3n ± 1) (m and n are 1). And the number of magnetic poles of the stator is 3 m, the center of the N pole of the permanent magnet facing the small teeth (pole teeth) of the center of any of the stator magnetic poles, and the stator magnetic poles The angle formed by the center of the S pole of the permanent magnet facing the small tooth at the center of the stator pole adjacent to an arbitrary one is 360 ° (n ± 1) / Z. As a result of this configuration, the small teeth of the adjacent magnetic poles of the stator are opposite to the magnetic poles of the rotor, and the magnetic path is formed by the adjacent magnetic poles.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-82348 (2nd page, FIG. 1) JP-A-7-131968 (page 3-4, FIG. 1)

  In the stepping motor of Patent Document 2, in order to form the magnetic path between the magnetic poles of adjacent stators, the structure is limited to the structure of a three-phase machine, and the commonly used two-phase machine and the 8-pole structure of the stator are adopted. In the case of a stepping motor, the magnetic path is still as long as 90 °. Also, the number of small teeth arranged on the magnetic pole of the stator requires an odd number, substantially 3 or more, since a small tooth located at the center of the magnetic pole is required.

  In the design of the stator, generally, as the number of small teeth formed on the magnetic pole decreases, the total area of the opposing surfaces of each small tooth and the rotor tends to increase. That is, in the stepping motor of Patent Document 2, when the outer diameter is constant, there is a great limitation in designing a stator that increases the facing area in order to increase torque.

  In addition, the stepping motor of Patent Document 2 has a radial excitation force (hereinafter abbreviated as “excitation force”) acting between the rotor and the stator that is 180 ° with respect to the rotor. A pair of magnetic poles that are arranged at an angle and have the same magnetic pole mode between the stator and the rotor cancel each other. If the number of magnetic poles acting to cancel the excitation force increases, the electromagnetic force acting on the rotor becomes more balanced, and vibration and noise during driving are also reduced. However, with the stepping motor of Patent Document 2, it is structurally impossible to increase the number of magnetic poles of the stator that acts to cancel.

  Therefore, the present invention proposes to meet the above-mentioned problems and demands, and it is possible to increase the torque without changing the outer dimensions of the stepping motor and to reduce the vibration and noise easily. Provides a stepping motor having a large new configuration.

  In order to solve the above problems, a stepping motor of the present invention (hereinafter abbreviated as “motor”) is configured as follows.

That is, the motor (1) of the present invention includes a rotor (not shown) that is rotatably supported by magnetizing the outer peripheral surface of an annular or cylindrical permanent magnet (32) alternately in the circumferential direction with N and S poles. 3), a plurality of magnetic poles (41) coil-excited and arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor (3), and a rotor (3) having an air gap at the tip of the magnetic pole (41) And two or more stators (4) of coaxial arrangement composed of two or more small teeth (41a) formed so as to face each other. It is a single-phase configuration to be excited , and all the small teeth (41a) of an arbitrary magnetic pole (41) are opposed to the same polarity magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3) and are adjacent to other magnetic poles ( co When all teeth of 41) (41a) is the magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor which faces (3) and the excitation arrangement to be different polarities , Between the stator and the secondary phase structure, further said corresponding face position of the magnetized poles of the small teeth (41a) and the rotor (3) (32a) is the circumferential direction (or the direction of rotation) between the stator It is characterized by having a deviation of a predetermined pitch.

In the excitation configuration in which the adjacent magnetic poles (41) have different polarities, the exciting coils (42) are alternately wound in opposite directions so that the adjacent magnetic poles (41) of the stator (4) have different polarities. Configure. As a result, the arbitrary magnetic pole (41) has the same polarity as the magnetic pole (41) jumping over the adjacent magnetic pole (41). Further, all the small teeth (41a) of the arbitrary magnetic pole (41) of the stator (4) are the same polarity magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3), for example, all the small teeth (41a) are N poles. , The magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3) facing all the small teeth (41a) of the magnetic pole (41) adjacent to the magnetic pole (41) is an S pole.

One of the features of the motor (1) of the present invention is that the stator (4) is a single-phase excitation phase, and a plurality of stators (4) having such a configuration are arranged on the same axis as the rotor (3). In other words, it is arranged in a coaxial arrangement in which the stator (4) is separated and independent for each phase. That is, the number of stators (4) is the number of excitation phases. Therefore, for example, when there are two stators (4), it is a so-called two-phase motor, and when there are three stators, it is a three-phase motor.

In other words, the motor (1) having the above configuration has a magnetic pole (32a) having alternating and different polarities that repeats the outer peripheral surface of the rotor (3) as an N pole and an S pole. It is preferable that the structure is magnetized in the direction. Further, the facing position between the small teeth (41a) of the stator (4) and the magnetic pole (32a) of the corresponding rotor (3) is shifted by a predetermined pitch along the circumferential direction (rotation direction) for each stator. Provided. Such “deviation” is necessary for start-up, and in order to improve the resolution as a motor, the magnetization pitch (p) of the magnetic poles (32a) of the rotor (3) is divided by the number of layers of the stator (4). It is preferable that the shaft is rotated at the pitch.

By the way, the configuration of the present invention described above is not limited to the inner rotor type in which the rotor (3) is located on the inner peripheral side of the stator (4), but the rotor (3) and the stator (4). Even if it is configured as an outer rotor type in which the positional relationship is reversed inside and outside, the technical idea of the present invention and the technical features to be provided belong to the same category.

That is, a rotor (3) in which an inner peripheral surface of an annular permanent magnet (32) is magnetized alternately at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction at an equal pitch and rotatably supported, and the rotor ( 3) is arranged on the inner peripheral side, and is arranged so as to face the rotor (3) with a plurality of magnetic poles (41) for coil excitation and an air gap at the tip of the magnetic pole (41). And two or more stators (4) of coaxial arrangement composed of two or more small teeth (41a) formed. The one stator (4) described above is a single unit that excites all the magnetic poles (41) simultaneously. All small teeth (41a) of an arbitrary magnetic pole (41) are opposed to the magnetic pole (32a) of the same polarity of the rotor (3) and are adjacent to the other magnetic pole (41). All the small teeth (41a) have an excitation configuration different in polarity from the magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3) facing each other, and between each stator. And heterophase structure, further facing position of the corresponding said teeth and (41a) and magnetized poles of the rotor (3) is obtained by constituting with a shift of a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction between the stators.

Next, in the motor (1) according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the rotor (3) is formed in a cylindrical shape having a predetermined length dimension, and each corresponding stator is separately (or individually). And may be arranged coaxially. With this configuration, the inertia (rotational inertia) can be reduced and the response can be improved. When the rotor (3) is a separate body, a predetermined pitch shift in the circumferential direction may be provided at the magnetization position between the rotors.

  In the present invention, the effect can be exhibited most typically when a two-phase excitation motor is configured in which two single-phase excitation stators (4) are arranged coaxially as separate phases.

  Note that the reference numerals in parentheses described in the claims and the means for solving the above-described problems are added with reference numerals for reference in order to facilitate understanding of the configuration of the invention. It is not limited to the form on the drawing.

The motor of the present invention has the following effects by adopting the above configuration.
In other words, the motor of the present invention is configured to form a stator for each phase and simultaneously excite all the magnetic poles by exciting a plurality of (or many) coils disposed on one stator. High torque can be obtained by efficiently working with the magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet.

  In addition, when the permanent magnet of the main component of the rotor is formed of rare earth magnets that have been widely used in recent years, combined with the fact that it is possible to densely arrange the electromagnets by improving the magnetic field of the strong magnetic field and the work accuracy. A motor with higher torque can be formed.

  In addition, since the facing positions of the corresponding small teeth of the stator and the magnetic poles of the rotor are shifted in the circumferential direction (or rotational direction) by a predetermined pitch for each stator, it is a stator having a different phase configuration for simultaneous excitation. However, a sufficient rotational starting force can be ensured, and the opposing area per one stator can be ensured larger than the conventional two-phase or three-phase excitation configuration in one stator. Therefore, a higher torque can be obtained.

  Furthermore, since the excitation phase is separated, there are few restrictions on the arrangement of the magnetic poles of the rotor and the stator, and the degree of design freedom can be increased. That is, while maintaining a configuration in which a magnetic path is formed between adjacent magnetic poles in the stator, it is possible to appropriately select the number of magnetic poles and the number of small teeth to increase the facing area of the stator and the rotor. As a result, it is possible to easily design or change the motor that increases the torque while maintaining the external dimensions of the motor. When axial restrictions are allowed, a stator having the same configuration can be appropriately added in the axial direction to increase the excitation phase and to improve motor characteristics such as resolution very easily.

  In addition, since the excitation phase is separated, the magnetic poles arranged at an interval where the adjacent magnetic poles jump over the arbitrary magnetic poles of the stator can be made the same polarity. Therefore, the cancellation of the excitation force can be performed not only with a pair of magnetic poles arranged at 180 ° but also with a plurality of pairs of magnetic poles, and the electromagnetic force acting on the rotor becomes more balanced. An effect of reducing noise can also be obtained.

  In addition, with the configuration that separates the excitation phases, if the deviation of the predetermined pitch between the stators is finely adjusted, variations in characteristics due to individual differences in the motor can be suppressed, and quality control during motor manufacturing can be facilitated. Also demonstrates.

  Hereinafter, the best embodiment of a motor according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the motor of this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the motor of this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an end view (A) along line BB in FIG. 4 is a line end view (B), FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the rotor and stator of the motor of this embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a configuration example of each part where the motor of this embodiment can be adopted. It is a list which shows.

  In the motor 1 of the present embodiment, a rotor 3 having a circular outer peripheral surface is rotatably arranged inside a bottomed cylindrical case 2, and a plurality of facing the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 with a predetermined air gap. This is an inner rotor type motor in which an annular stator 4 provided with a magnetic pole 41 is arranged and the case opening side is closed. In the following embodiments, an inner rotor type motor will be described. However, the motor of the present invention can be an outer rotor type in which the arrangement relationship between the rotor and the stator is reversed in the radial direction of the motor.

  The case 2 shown in the figure has a bottomed cylindrical shape and is configured such that the tip end side of the shaft 31 of the rotor 3 penetrates and protrudes from a substantially central position on the bottom side, and the opening on the opposite side is closed with a cover 21. . The material of the case 2 and the cover 21 is generally formed of a ferromagnetic material such as iron in order to prevent magnetic flux leakage from the rotor 3 and the stator 4 disposed therein, but is limited to this. It may be a resin material or a magnetic resin molded product in which magnetic powder is mixed therein.

  A rotor 3 is disposed coaxially with the case 2 inside the cylindrical case. The rotor 3 is composed of a shaft 31 coaxially arranged with the case 2 and two annular permanent magnets 32. As described above, one end of the shaft 31 is projected through the outside of the case 2 to serve as an output portion. The shaft 31 is provided with two bearings 31 a around the bottom side of the case 2 and the inside of the case 21 of the cover 21, and is rotatable with respect to the case 2 together with the permanent magnet 32 to be held.

  The permanent magnet 32 has an annular shape magnetized with so-called radial anisotropy in which the outer peripheral portion repeats alternately the N pole and the S pole magnetic poles 32a with a predetermined number of magnetic poles (48 poles in this embodiment) at an equal pitch p. This is configured to be fixed to the shaft 31 so as to be coaxial with the disk-shaped plate 33 and so that the magnetic pole arrangement of the two permanent magnets 32 is not displaced in the axial rotation direction. The number of steps of the motor 1 is determined by the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3. However, if the number of magnetic poles can be secured, the magnetization mode is not limited to the above-mentioned radial anisotropy but is magnetized to polar anisotropy. Also good. In addition, the disc-shaped plate 33 is made of a lightweight resin material, and by reducing the weight of the entire rotor, the inertia (rotational inertia) is reduced and the motor characteristics are improved (startup / stop response is improved). ing.

  The permanent magnets 32 are spaced apart from each other with a predetermined distance in the axial direction of the shaft 31. The total axial length (so-called thickness) of the permanent magnet 32 is substantially the same as the axial length of a stator piece or permanent magnet of a conventional motor of the same size. In other words, the permanent magnet 32 of the present embodiment has the same form as that of a conventional motor in which a rotor piece or the like is divided into approximately half and disposed on the shaft 31. For this reason, when the weight of the rotor 3 is not taken into consideration, a cylindrical integrated structure in which the permanent magnets 32 are connected may be used.

  Two stators 4 having an annular shape are arranged on the outer peripheral part of the rotor 3 and on the inner peripheral side of the case so as to face the outer peripheral part of each permanent magnet 32. The stator 4 has a predetermined number (16 poles in this embodiment) of all the magnetic poles 41 projecting toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 so that the excitation coil 42 can be excited in a single phase and simultaneously. It consists of winding. In addition, the magnetic poles 41 of the stator 4 are wound with exciting coils 42 in opposite directions so that adjacent magnetic poles 41 have different polarities during excitation.

  At the tip of each magnetic pole 41, a predetermined number (two in this embodiment) of small teeth 41a facing the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 3 with a predetermined air gap is formed. The circumferential length (width in plan view) of the small teeth 41a is set so as not to exceed at least two pitches p of the magnetic poles 32a of the rotor 3, and all the small teeth 41a of any magnetic pole 41 are rotated. The magnetic pole 32a of the rotor 3 is opposite to the magnetic pole 32a of the same polarity (all N poles or S poles), and all the small teeth 41a of other adjacent magnetic poles 41 are opposite to each other (one side). If N is an N pole, the other is an S pole).

  As described above, the two stators 4 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the axial direction of the shaft 31 while facing the permanent magnets 32. The rotor 3 is arranged so as not to be displaced in the axial rotation direction with respect to the shaft 31, whereas the stator 4 is arranged by rotating the shaft only by a half pitch p relative to the magnetic pole 32 a of the rotor 3. doing. The deviation of the half pitch p may be finely adjusted as appropriate for each motor so as to suppress variations in characteristics due to individual differences between the motors.

  The total axial length of the stator 4 is substantially the same as the axial length of the stator of the conventional motor of the same size as the permanent magnet 32 of the rotor 3. That is, the stator 4 is also arranged in the case 2 by dividing the stator of the conventional motor into approximately half. For this reason, the outer diameter and overall length of the motor 1 are substantially the same as those of the conventional motor.

  As described above, the motor 1 of this embodiment has a total of two sets of two-layer structure including the permanent magnet 32 and the stator 4 of the rotor 3 as a set. In the case of the B phase, all the magnetic poles 41 of the stator 4 are excited simultaneously and independently for each of the A phase and B phase layers. That is, the motor 1 of this embodiment is a so-called two-phase machine in which the excitation phase of the stator 4 is separated in the axial direction of the shaft 31, and magnetic attraction or repulsion acts on the rotor 3 by energization of the excitation coil 42 of each excitation phase. Thus, the rotor 3 is rotated. In this excitation, since the adjacent magnetic poles 41 of the stator 4 have different polarities as described above, the small teeth 41a of the magnetic pole 41 of the arbitrary stator 4 and the small teeth 41a of the magnetic pole 41 adjacent thereto are respectively provided. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the small teeth 41a of the magnetic pole 41 adjacent to the stator 4 and the magnetic pole 32a adjacent to the rotor 3 are respectively opposed to each other. In this case, a magnetic path r is formed.

  In addition, the magnetic pole 41 of the stator 4 has the same polarity as the magnetic pole 41 arranged at an interval exceeding the adjacent magnetic pole 41, and the relationship with the rotor-side magnetic pole 32a facing each small tooth 41a is the same. Become. For this reason, the excitation force is canceled by the plurality of magnetic poles 41 arranged at intervals over which the adjacent magnetic poles 41 are jumped, and the electromagnetic force acting on the rotor 3 becomes more balanced. In the case of the motor 1 of this embodiment, the excitation force is canceled by a total of eight magnetic poles 41 separated by 45 °.

  As described above, in the motor 1 of this embodiment, there is no deviation of the shaft rotation between the two rotors, and the shaft rotation of the half pitch p in the magnetic pole 32a of the rotor 3 is performed between the stators arranged opposite to the rotors 3. This is a configuration with a gap. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode, and conversely to the above mode, the above-described half-pitch axial deviation is imparted between the two rotors, while no axial rotational deviation is imparted between the stators. Further, it may be changed so as to give a predetermined axial rotation deviation between the rotors and between the stators. The motor 1 of the present embodiment is a two-phase machine having a two-layer structure. However, if space in the axial direction of the motor 1 is allowed, a combination of the rotor 3 and the stator 4 is further added to the three-phase machine. It can also be a phase machine. In this case, it is preferable to arrange each stator 4 so that the resolution is further improved by providing a shift obtained by rotating the magnetic pole 32a of the rotor 3 by a third pitch p.

The above-described examples are a part of the motor embodiments of the present invention. Each part of the rotor and stator of the motor of the present invention can be changed in design, such as the number of arrangements, within a range that satisfies the values of the following equations.
(1) Number of magnetic poles of stator: M
(2) Number of small teeth of stator magnetic poles: q
(3) Number of magnetic poles of rotor permanent magnet: P
(4) Number of stators: R
(5) Number of excitation phases: m
Formula 1: P = (4q · 2) n [n = 1, 2,...] (N is a natural number)
Formula 2: M = P / (2q-1)
Formula 3: R = m

  Here, when the number of magnetic poles of the stator is 10, the number of small teeth of each magnetic pole 41 is 3, and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 3 is 50, a combination of the rotor 3 and the stator 4 corresponds to one layer. An embodiment is shown in FIG. In the motor having such a configuration, the disk-shaped plate is preferably made of a ferromagnetic material to secure the magnetic path r and functions as a back yoke. Further, in the motor of the present invention, a configuration example of each part of the rotor and the stator that can be substantially adopted when considering the manufacturing technology and the like is shown in the list of FIG.

  By the way, in general, if the opposing area between the small teeth of the magnetic poles of the stator and the magnetic poles of the rotor can be increased, the torque of the motor increases. The motor of the present invention is subject to satisfying each of the above equations, but since the excitation phase is separated, there is almost no restriction on the setting of the stator magnetic poles and small teeth relative to the rotor magnetic poles, The design freedom for setting the position and number is great. For this reason, it is extremely easy to increase the facing area as compared with the conventional case.

  For example, the motor of the present invention has a case with an outer diameter of 42 mm and a total length of 30 mm. Can be appropriately changed up to 1.5 times, and it can be said that the degree of design freedom is large.

It is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a motor of this example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the motor of a present Example. They are an AA line end view (A) and a BB line end view (B) of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the rotor and stator of the motor of a present Example, FIG. 5 is a list showing a configuration example of each part that can be employed by the motor of this embodiment. It is the perspective view (A) which shows only the rotor of the conventional motor, and the top view (B) which shows a rotor and a stator. It is the perspective view (A) which shows only the rotor of the conventional motor, and the top view (B) which shows a rotor and a stator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor 2 Case 21 Cover 3 Rotor 31 Shaft 31a Bearing 32 Permanent magnet 32a Magnetic pole 33 Plate 4 Stator 41 Magnetic pole 41a Small tooth 42 Excitation coil 5 Rotor (conventional example)
51 Shaft 52 Rotor piece 52a Small teeth 53 Permanent magnet 6 Stator (conventional example)
61 Magnetic pole 61a Small teeth 62 Excitation coil p Pitch r Magnetic path

Claims (5)

A rotor (3) that is rotatably supported by magnetizing the outer peripheral surface of an annular permanent magnet (32) in the circumferential direction alternately with N poles and S poles at equal pitches;
A plurality of magnetic poles (41) for coil excitation are arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor (3), and face the rotor (3) with an air gap at the tip of the magnetic pole (41). Comprising two or more stators (4) in a coaxial arrangement comprising two or more small teeth (41a) formed,
Said 1 stator (4) is the single phase structure which excites all the magnetic poles (41) simultaneously, Comprising : All the small teeth (41a) of arbitrary magnetic poles (41) are the same polarity of a rotor (3). Excitation that has a different polarity from the magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3) that faces the other magnetic pole (41a) of the other magnetic pole (41) that faces the other magnetic pole (41a). In addition to the configuration , each stator has a different phase configuration,
Further, the corresponding position of the corresponding small tooth (41a) and the magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3) is configured with a predetermined pitch deviation in the circumferential direction between the stators. . A rotor (3) that is rotatably supported by magnetizing the inner peripheral surface of an annular permanent magnet (32) in the circumferential direction alternately with N poles and S poles at equal pitches;
A plurality of magnetic poles (41) for coil excitation are arranged on the inner peripheral side of the rotor (3), and the rotor (3) faces the rotor (3) with an air gap at the tip of the magnetic pole (41). And two or more stators (4) in a coaxial arrangement composed of two or more small teeth (41a) formed in
Said 1 stator (4) is the single phase structure which excites all the magnetic poles (41) simultaneously, Comprising : All the small teeth (41a) of arbitrary magnetic poles (41) are the same polarity of a rotor (3). Excitation that has a different polarity from the magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3) that faces the other magnetic pole (41a) of the other magnetic pole (41) that faces the other magnetic pole (41a). In addition to the configuration , each stator has a different phase configuration,
Further, the corresponding position of the corresponding small tooth (41a) and the magnetic pole (32a) of the rotor (3) is configured with a predetermined pitch deviation in the circumferential direction between the stators. .   The stepping motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotor (3) is formed separately for each corresponding stator and arranged coaxially. In the rotor (3) having a separate structure,
4. A stepping motor according to claim 3, wherein the positions where the N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized at equal pitches in the circumferential direction are magnetized with a predetermined pitch deviation in the circumferential direction between the rotors. The stepping motor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that two-phase excitation in which two of the single-phase excitation stators (4) are different in phase is used.

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