JP5546603B2 - Threaded grinding wheel for gear grinding and gear grinding method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a thread grinding wheel for gear grinding composed of two types of thread grinding wheels having different grinding capabilities, and a gear grinding method using the thread grinding wheel for gear grinding.

  Conventionally, as one method of grinding a gear, there is a method in which the gear tooth surface is ground by the grinding surface of the threaded grindstone by rotating the gear and the threaded grindstone in mesh with each other. Well known.

  Further, since the gear is an important mechanical element that transmits the driving force, the quality of the processing accuracy affects the vibration and noise of the machine. In particular, in recent years, in the automobile field where importance is placed on habitability, in order to eliminate the cause of generation of vibrations and noises, improvement in the processing accuracy of gears used in transmissions and the like is increasingly required.

  Therefore, conventionally, for the purpose of improving the processing accuracy of a gear, there is provided a thread grinding wheel for gear grinding that has two types of grinding surfaces with different grinding capabilities so that gears can be ground in two stages. Is provided. Such a thread grinding wheel for gear grinding is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2011-73071 A

  Here, in the conventional threaded grinding wheel, the rough finishing grinding surface is formed in a spiral shape, and the finishing grinding surface is spirally formed on the outer portion in the radial direction of the grinding wheel on the rough finishing grinding surface. Forming.

  However, as described above, when the rough grinding surface and the finishing grinding surface are formed adjacent to each other in the grinding wheel radial direction, the width regions of the respective grinding surfaces are both reduced. As a result, if one of the rough grinding surface and the finishing grinding surface is used to grind the gear, the gear may come into contact with either the rough grinding surface or the finishing grinding surface. There is. Moreover, it is very difficult to form a finishing grinding surface on the spiral rough finishing grinding surface, and this becomes remarkable when the threaded grinding wheel itself becomes small. As a result, in the conventional threaded grinding wheel, it becomes difficult to grind using only one of the two types of grinding surfaces having different grinding capabilities, so that the processing accuracy of the gear is improved. May not be sufficient.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a thread grinding wheel for gear grinding and a gear grinding method capable of grinding a gear with high accuracy with a simple configuration.

A screw-type grinding wheel for gear grinding according to the first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems,
In a barrel-shaped gear grinding threaded grinding wheel that grinds the work internal gear by rotating while meshing with the work internal gear,
Provided on both sides of the grinding wheel width direction, the machining allowance of the internal gear to be machined is ground to a predetermined thickness, and when the thickness of the machining allowance reaches a predetermined thickness, the hit to the machining allowance is the initial grinding A first thread-shaped grindstone that is smaller than the hit for the machining allowance in
The machining allowance provided between the first threaded grindstones and ground to a predetermined thickness by the first threaded grindstone is ground, and the thickness of the machining allowance is determined by grinding the first threaded grindstone. When the thickness of the second screw-shaped grindstone is reached, the second thread-shaped grindstone is configured such that a hit to the machining allowance is larger than a hit to the machining allowance of the first thread-shaped grindstone .

A gear grinding method according to a second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In a gear grinding method for grinding an internal gear to be processed by rotating the internal gear to be machined and a barrel-shaped threaded grindstone in a state of being engaged with each other,
The threaded grindstone is composed of a first threaded grindstone provided on both sides of the grindstone width direction and a second threaded grindstone provided between the first threaded grindstones,
The machining allowance of the internal gear to be machined, by Ri Grinding to the first threaded grinding wheel,
When the thickness of the machining allowance reaches a predetermined thickness by grinding the first threaded grindstone, the hit of the first threaded grindstone against the machining allowance is determined by the first threaded grindstone at the beginning of grinding. And making the contact with the machining allowance of the second threaded grinding wheel larger than the contact with the machining allowance of the first threaded grinding wheel,
The machining allowance ground to a predetermined thickness by the first threaded grindstone is ground by the second threaded grindstone.

  Therefore, according to the threaded grindstone for gear grinding according to the present invention, the gear to be machined can be made high with a simple structure by comprising two types of the first threaded grindstone and the second threaded grindstone having different grinding capabilities. It can be ground accurately.

  In addition, according to the gear grinding method of the present invention, a workpiece having a simple configuration can be obtained by using a threaded grindstone composed of two types of first threaded grindstones and second threaded grindstones having different grinding capabilities. The gear can be ground with high accuracy.

It is the perspective view which showed the mode when grinding a to-be-processed external gear using the screw-shaped grindstone for gear grinding which concerns on a reference example . It is a side view of the thread-like grindstone for gear grinding concerning a reference example . It is the perspective view which showed the mode when grinding a to-be-processed internal gear using the thread-like grindstone for gear grinding which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the thread-like grindstone for gear grinding which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is the top view which showed the mode at the time of meshing | engagement with the thread-shaped grindstone for gear grinding which concerns on one Example of this invention, and a to-be-processed internal gear.

  Hereinafter, a thread grinding wheel for gear grinding and a gear grinding method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, the thread grinding wheel for gear grinding which concerns on a reference example , and the gear grinding method using the same are demonstrated in detail using FIG.1 and FIG.2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gear grinding machine 1 has a grinding wheel head 11 in a horizontal X-axis direction (grinding wheel cutting direction), a Y-axis direction (grinding wheel shift direction), and a vertical Z-axis direction (grinding stone feed direction). It is supported movably. A main shaft 12 is supported on the grindstone head 11 so as to be rotatable around the grindstone rotation axis B1, and a screw-shaped grindstone 20 for grinding an external gear formed in a cylindrical shape is provided at the tip of the main shaft 12. It is detachably mounted.

  Accordingly, by driving the grindstone head 11, the screw-shaped grindstone 20 can be moved in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, and the screw-shaped grindstone 20 is rotated around the grindstone rotation axis B1 together with the main shaft 12. Can do.

  Further, the gear grinding machine 1 supports a table 13 so as to be rotatable around a vertical workpiece rotation axis C1. A work (working external gear) W1 is detachably attached to the upper surface of the table 13. Therefore, by driving the table 13, the workpiece W1 can be rotated around the workpiece rotation axis C1 together with the table 13.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cylindrical threaded grindstone 20 includes two types of threaded grindstones (first threaded grindstones) 21 and threaded grindstones (second threaded grindstones) having different grinding capabilities. ) 22, which is a single threaded grinding wheel for external gear grinding.

  The threaded grindstones 21 and 22 have the same grindstone specifications, although the types of grindstones differ depending on, for example, the types and sizes of abrasive grains, the types and degrees of bonding of binders, and the porosity. Specifically, the threaded grindstone 22 can be ground more finely than the threaded grindstone 21, and has a grinding ability higher than that of the threaded grindstone 21.

  Therefore, the thread-like grindstone 21 is a grindstone for finish grinding for grinding the workpiece W1 after the heat treatment or the workpiece W1 rough-finished after the heat treatment. On the other hand, the threaded grindstone 22 is a grindstone for superfinishing grinding for further finely grinding the workpiece W1 ground by the threaded grindstone 21. Note that the grindstone width of the threaded grindstone 21 and the grindstone width of the threaded grindstone 22 may be formed to the same length or different lengths.

  Then, on the outer peripheral portion of the threaded grindstone 21, a thread 21a is provided in a spiral shape over the entire area of the threaded grindstone 21 in the width direction (grinding wheel axial direction). A finish grinding surface 21b is formed. Similarly, on the outer peripheral portion of the thread-shaped grindstone 22, a thread 22a is provided in a spiral shape over the entire area of the thread-shaped grindstone 22 in the width direction (grinding wheel axial direction). A superfinishing grinding surface 22b is formed on the slope.

  That is, the threaded grindstone 20 connects the end faces of the threaded grindstones 21 and 22 with an adhesive or the like so that the screw threads 21a and 22a of the threaded grindstones 21 and 22 arranged on the same axis are coupled to each other. Thus, it is formed as a grindstone linked body. In this way, the end faces of the threaded grinding wheels 21 and 22 are brought into contact with each other to be connected, whereby the finishing grinding surface 21b of the threaded grinding wheel 21 and the superfinishing grinding surface 22b of the threaded grinding wheel 22 are screwed. A uniform grinding surface is formed in the threading direction of the shaped grindstone 20.

  Although details will be described later, when the workpiece W1 is ground with the threaded grindstone 20, the workpiece W1 is first finish ground with the threaded grindstone 21, and then the finish ground workpiece W1 is further threaded. 22 is used for superfinish grinding.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of grinding ranges L1 and L2 are set in advance in the width direction of the grindstone in the threaded grindstones 21 and 22. The grinding ranges L1 and L2 are defined by a predetermined length in the grinding wheel width direction, and are usable ranges that can be used when grinding one workpiece W1.

  Specifically, in the threaded grindstone 21, from one end side to the other end side, a grinding range L1 (1), a grinding range L1 (2), ... a grinding range L1 (n-1), a grinding range L1 (n ) And n grinding ranges L1 are set in order. Further, in the threaded grindstone 22, from one end side to the other end side, a grinding range L2 (1), a grinding range L2 (2), ... a grinding range L2 (n-1), a grinding range L2 (n) In order, n grinding ranges L2 are set.

  That is, the grinding ranges L1 and L2 of the threaded grindstones 21 and 22 are used one by one for one workpiece W1. In this way, by setting the grinding ranges L1 and L2 of the threaded grindstones 21 and 22 to be used ranges per workpiece, the n workpieces W1 can be ground by one threaded grindstone 20. It has become.

  Accordingly, when the workpiece W1 is ground by the threaded grinding wheel 20, first, the phase alignment between the threaded grinding wheel 21 and the workpiece W1 is performed, and the grinding for finishing in the grinding range L1 (1) in the threaded grinding wheel 21 is performed. The surface 21b and the left and right tooth surfaces of the workpiece W1 are engaged with each other.

  Next, as described above, the threaded grindstone 20 and the workpiece W1 are engaged with each other while the threaded grindstone 20 and the work W1 are rotated synchronously, and the threaded grindstone 20 is cut in the X-axis direction. At the same time, feed is given in the Z-axis direction. Thus, the left and right tooth surfaces of the workpiece W1 are ground by the finishing grinding surface 21b in the grinding range L1 (1) of the threaded grinding wheel 21.

  Then, after the threaded grindstone 21 is separated from the workpiece W1, the threaded grindstone 20 is shifted in the Y-axis direction (the direction of the grindstone rotation axis B1).

  Next, the superfinishing grinding surface 22b in the grinding range L2 (1) of the threaded grinding wheel 22 and the left and right tooth surfaces of the workpiece W1 are engaged with each other.

  As described above, the threaded grinding wheel 20 and the work W1 are engaged with each other while the threaded grinding wheel 22 and the work W1 are engaged with each other, and the threaded grinding wheel 20 is cut in the X-axis direction. At the same time, feed is given in the Z-axis direction. As a result, the left and right tooth surfaces of the workpiece W1 are ground by the superfinishing grinding surface 22b in the grinding range L2 (1) of the threaded grinding wheel 22. That is, the grinding of the first workpiece W1 by the threaded grindstone 20 is completed.

  Next, when grinding the second workpiece W1, the above-described grinding operation is performed using the finishing grinding surface 21b in the grinding range L1 (2) and the superfinishing grinding surface 22b in the grinding range L2 (2). . Thereafter, until the n-th workpiece W1 is ground, the same grinding operation is repeated while sequentially changing the grinding ranges L1 and L2.

  When the grinding of the nth workpiece W1 is completed, the threaded grindstone 20 is dressed by a dresser (not shown). At this time, the finishing grinding surface 21b of the threaded grinding wheel 21 and the superfinishing grinding surface 22b of the threading grinding wheel 22 are connected so as to be flush with each other. The dresser can be continuously dressed.

Therefore, according to the threaded grinding wheel 20 for gear grinding according to the reference example , the structure can be simplified by constituting the two types of the threaded grinding wheel 21 and the threaded grinding wheel 22 having different grinding capabilities. Since two types of grinding processes can be performed continuously, the workpiece W1 can be ground with high accuracy.

Further, according to the gear grinding method according to the reference example , in the threaded grindstone 20 composed of two types of threaded grindstones 21 and threaded grindstones 22 having different grinding capacities, either the threaded grindstone 21 or the threaded grindstone 22 Either of them can be selected appropriately. Thereby, since two types of grinding processes can be performed continuously, the workpiece W1 can be ground with high accuracy.

Next, a thread grinding wheel for gear grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention and a gear grinding method using the same will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the gear grinding machine 2 has a main shaft (grinding stone arbor) 31 through a grindstone head (not shown) in the horizontal X-axis direction (grinding wheel cutting direction), the Y-axis direction, and the vertical Z-axis direction. It is supported so as to be movable in the (grindstone feed direction). Further, the main shaft 31 is supported by the grindstone head so as to be rotatable around the grindstone rotation axis B2. A screw-shaped grindstone 40 for grinding an internal gear formed in a barrel shape is attached to and detached from the tip of the main shaft 31. It is installed as possible.

  Accordingly, by driving the grindstone head, the screw-shaped grindstone 40 can be moved in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, and the screw-shaped grindstone 40 can be rotated around the grindstone rotation axis B2 together with the main shaft 31. it can.

  In addition, a workpiece (internal gear to be processed) W2 is mounted on the gear grinding machine 2 so as to be rotatable around a vertical workpiece rotation axis C2 via a table (not shown). Therefore, the workpiece W2 can be rotated around the workpiece rotation axis C2 by driving the table.

  The main shaft 31 (grinding wheel head) is supported so as to be able to turn around a grindstone turning shaft (not shown) extending in the X-axis direction. Therefore, the turning angle (inclination angle) of the grindstone rotating shaft B2 can be changed by turning the main shaft 31 around the grindstone turning axis. Thereby, the axis crossing angle (hereinafter referred to as axis angle Σ) between the grindstone rotation axis B2 and the workpiece rotation axis C2 can be adjusted according to the twist angle of the workpiece W2. That is, the threaded grindstone 40 at the time of grinding rotates around the grindstone rotation axis B2 that intersects the workpiece rotation axis C2 of the workpiece W2 at the axis angle Σ.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the barrel-shaped threaded grindstone 40 includes two types of threaded grindstones (first threaded grindstones) 41 and threaded grindstones (second threaded grindstones) having different grinding capabilities. ) 42, which is a single threaded grinding wheel for internal gear grinding.

  That is, the threaded grindstone 40 is composed of a threaded grindstone 41 provided on both sides of the grindstone width direction and a threaded grindstone 42 provided between the threaded grindstones 41. It is formed in a barrel shape such that the diameter gradually decreases from the intermediate portion in the grindstone width direction toward both ends in the grindstone width direction. In this way, by forming the threaded grindstone 40 in a barrel shape, the threaded grindstone 40 arranged at the shaft angle Σ can be meshed with the workpiece W2 in the entire width direction of the grindstone. Yes. In addition, the grindstone width of the threaded grindstone 41 and the grindstone width of the threaded grindstone 42 may be formed to the same length or different lengths.

  The threaded grindstones 41 and 42 have the same grindstone specifications, although the types of grindstones differ depending on, for example, the types and sizes of abrasive grains, the types and degrees of bonding of binders, and the porosity. Specifically, the threaded grindstone 42 can be ground more finely than the threaded grindstone 41, and has a grinding ability higher than that of the threaded grindstone 41.

  Therefore, the thread-like grindstone 41 is a grindstone for finish grinding for grinding the workpiece W2 after the heat treatment or the workpiece W2 rough-finished after the heat treatment. On the other hand, the threaded grindstone 42 is a grindstone for superfinishing grinding for further finely grinding the workpiece W2 ground by the threaded grindstone 41.

  Moreover, the screw-shaped grindstone 41 is formed in the barrel shape so that the diameter dimension becomes small gradually as it goes to the grindstone width direction other end part from the grindstone width direction one end part. Further, on the outer peripheral portion of the threaded grindstone 41, a thread 41a is provided in a spiral shape over the entire area of the threaded grindstone 41 in the width direction (grinding wheel axial direction). The finish grinding surface 41b is formed.

  On the other hand, the thread-shaped grindstone 42 is formed in a barrel shape so that its diameter gradually decreases from the intermediate portion in the grindstone width direction toward both ends in the grindstone width direction. Further, on the outer peripheral portion of the threaded grindstone 42, a thread 42a is provided in a spiral shape over the entire area of the threaded grindstone 42 in the width direction (grinding wheel axial direction). A superfinishing grinding surface 42b is formed.

  That is, the threaded grindstone 40 connects the end surfaces of the threaded grindstones 41 and 42 with an adhesive or the like so that the screw threads 41a and 42a of the threaded grindstones 41 and 42 arranged on the same axis are coupled to each other. Thus, it is formed as a grindstone linked body. In this way, the end faces of the threaded grindstones 41 and 42 are abutted and connected to each other so that the finishing grinding surface 41b of the threaded grindstone 41 and the superfinishing grinding surface 42b of the threaded grindstone 42 are screwed. A uniform grinding surface is formed in the threading direction of the shaped grindstone 40.

  Although details will be described later, when the workpiece W2 is ground with the threaded grindstone 40, the workpiece W2 is first finish ground with the threaded grindstone 41, and then the finish ground workpiece W2 is further threaded. 42 is used for superfinish grinding.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, in the workpiece W2 before grinding, a machining allowance (grinding allowance) W2a is given to the tooth profile W2b that is the final tooth profile after grinding with a predetermined thickness. On the other hand, the blade shapes of the threads 41a and 42a of the threaded grindstone 40 are defined based on the tooth profile W2b. Here, in FIG. 5, the machining allowance W2a and the tooth profile W2b of the workpiece W2 are simply shown by curves.

  As a result, when the workpiece W2 is ground by the threaded grindstone 40, at the beginning of grinding, only the finishing grinding surface 41b of the threaded grindstone 41 at both ends of the threaded grindstone 40 in the grindstone width direction is the machining allowance W2a of the workpiece W2. Will be grinding. Further, as the grinding continues further and the thickness of the machining allowance W2a becomes thinner, the grinding range of the threaded grinding wheel 40 shifts from the both ends of the grinding wheel width direction to the middle side of the grinding wheel width direction. Thus, the remaining machining allowance W2a is ground only by the superfinishing grinding surface 42b of the threaded grindstone 42, which is the middle part in the grindstone width direction of the threaded grindstone 40, and the tooth profile W2b is obtained.

  Accordingly, when the workpiece W2 is ground by the threaded grindstone 40, first, the threaded grindstone 40 is disposed at the shaft angle Σ corresponding to the torsion angle of the workpiece W2.

  Next, phase alignment is performed between the thread-shaped grindstone 40 and the workpiece W2, and these are meshed. At this time, immediately after the meshing, the finishing grinding surface 41a of the threaded grindstone 41 and the machining allowance W2a of the workpiece W2 mesh.

  Then, as described above, the threaded grindstone 20 and the workpiece W2 are engaged with each other while the threaded grindstone 20 and the workpiece W2 are synchronously rotated, and the threaded grindstone 40 is cut in the X-axis direction. At the same time, feed is given in the Z-axis direction. As a result, the machining allowance W2a of the workpiece W2 is ground by the finishing grinding surface 41b of the threaded grindstone 41.

  Next, the grinding by the finishing grinding surface 41b of the threaded grindstone 41 is continued, and the thickness of the machining allowance W2a gradually decreases. When the machining allowance W2a reaches a predetermined thickness, the workpiece W2 of the threaded grindstone 41 is moved to. The hit of the screw-shaped grindstone 42 with respect to the work W2 becomes very large. That is, grinding by the finishing grinding surface 41b of the threaded grinding wheel 41 is completed, while grinding by the superfinishing grinding surface 42b of the threaded grinding wheel 42 is started.

  If the grinding is further continued, the machining allowance W2a of the workpiece W2 ground to a predetermined thickness by the finishing grinding surface 41b of the threaded grinding wheel 41 is ground by the superfinishing grinding surface 42a of the threaded grinding wheel 42. Is done. Thereby, finally, the tooth profile W2b of the workpiece W2 is formed by the superfinishing grinding surface 42a of the threaded grindstone 42.

  Further, when a predetermined number of workpieces W2 are ground using the screw-shaped grindstone 40, the ground surface 41b for finishing and the ground surface 42b for super-finishing are worn and their sharpness is lowered. Dressing is not performed. At this time, the finishing grinding surface 41b of the threaded grinding wheel 41 and the superfinishing grinding surface 42b of the threading grinding wheel 42 are connected so as to be flush with each other. The dresser can be continuously dressed.

  Therefore, according to the threaded grinding wheel 40 for gear grinding according to the present invention, it is possible to simplify the structure by comprising two types of threaded grinding stones 41 and 42 having different grinding capabilities. Since two types of grinding can be performed continuously, the workpiece W2 can be ground with high accuracy.

  Further, according to the gear grinding method according to the present invention, in the threaded grindstone 40 composed of two types of threaded grindstones 41 and threaded grindstones 42 having different grinding capabilities, the threaded grindstone 41 and the threaded grindstone 42 are sequentially arranged. Can be used. Thereby, since two types of grinding processes can be performed continuously, the workpiece W2 can be ground with high accuracy.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to a gear grinding threaded grinding wheel and a gear grinding method capable of grinding with high accuracy on a gear having a large machining allowance.

1, 2 Gear grinding machine 11 Grinding wheel head 12, 31 Spindle 13 Table 20, 40 Threaded grinding wheel 21, 41 Threaded grinding wheel 21a, 41a Thread 21b, 41b Finishing grinding surface 22, 42 Threaded grinding wheel 22a, 42a Thread 22b, 42b Superfinishing grinding surfaces L1, L2 Grinding range W1, W2 Work W2a Machining allowance W2b Tooth profile B1, B2 Grinding wheel rotation axis C1, C2 Work rotation axis

Claims (2)

In a barrel-shaped gear grinding threaded grinding wheel that grinds the work internal gear by rotating while meshing with the work internal gear,
Provided on both sides of the grinding wheel width direction, the machining allowance of the internal gear to be machined is ground to a predetermined thickness, and when the thickness of the machining allowance reaches a predetermined thickness, the hit to the machining allowance is the initial grinding A first thread-shaped grindstone that is smaller than the hit for the machining allowance in
The machining allowance provided between the first threaded grindstones and ground to a predetermined thickness by the first threaded grindstone is ground, and the thickness of the machining allowance is determined by grinding the first threaded grindstone. And a second threaded grindstone in which the hitting to the machining allowance is larger than the hitting to the machining allowance of the first threaded grindstone when reaching the thickness of the gear grinding Threaded grindstone. In a gear grinding method for grinding an internal gear to be processed by rotating the internal gear to be machined and a barrel-shaped threaded grindstone in a state of being engaged with each other,
The threaded grindstone is composed of a first threaded grindstone provided on both sides of the grindstone width direction and a second threaded grindstone provided between the first threaded grindstones,
The machining allowance of the internal gear to be machined, by Ri Grinding to the first threaded grinding wheel,
When the thickness of the machining allowance reaches a predetermined thickness by grinding the first threaded grindstone, the hit of the first threaded grindstone against the machining allowance is determined by the first threaded grindstone at the beginning of grinding. And making the contact with the machining allowance of the second threaded grinding wheel larger than the contact with the machining allowance of the first threaded grinding wheel,
The gear grinding method, wherein the machining allowance ground to a predetermined thickness by the first threaded grinding wheel is ground by the second threaded grinding wheel.

Images