JP5437805B2 - 気液相反応器装置 - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J10/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor
- B01J10/002—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor carried out in foam, aerosol or bubbles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/70—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material
- B01F25/74—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with rotating parts, e.g. discs
- B01F25/741—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with rotating parts, e.g. discs with a disc or a set of discs mounted on a shaft rotating about a vertical axis, on top of which the material to be thrown outwardly is fed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
- B01F27/192—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J10/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
- B01J19/0066—Stirrers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1806—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside resulting in a turbulent flow of the reactants, such as in centrifugal-type reactors, or having a high Reynolds-number
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
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- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/115—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers comprising discs or disc-like elements essentially perpendicular to the stirrer shaft axis
- B01F27/1152—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers comprising discs or disc-like elements essentially perpendicular to the stirrer shaft axis with separate elements other than discs fixed on the discs, e.g. vanes fixed on the discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
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- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00121—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling
- B01J2219/0013—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling by condensation of reactants
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Description
i)容器の中の液相反応媒体との混合、
ii)容器11の上方部分において蒸気の中に浮遊して運ばれた固形物との凝集、および
iii)蒸気との熱および物質移動。
本発明のスリンガーは容器の断面積のまわりに液体を分配するのにより効率的なので、壁汚損および/または凝縮液閉塞の管理に必要な液体の量がより少なくなる。したがって、本発明のいくつかの実施態様においては、容器に導入される液体のかなりの部分は、容器の液位より下に配置された液体注入口に進路を変えることができる。本発明のこの態様は、水性の酸(たとえば酢酸)のような溶媒の共存下で、キシレン(p−キシレン、m−キシレン、o−キシレンおよびそれらの各組合わせを含むが、これらに限定されない。)のような芳香族アルキルの酸化に特に有用であり、それらを総称的に「液体反応媒体」と呼ぶ。そのような反応では、分子酸素源(たとえば酸素含有気体、酸素過酸化物など)が反応容器内の液体反応媒体に導入される。生じる反応は発熱を伴い、発生した熱が反応水および溶媒を蒸発させ、液体反応媒体の液位の上方の容器の上方部分に集められる。蒸気は凝縮されそして少なくとも2つの経路、すなわち容器の上方部分に配置されたスリンガーおよび液体反応媒体の液位より下の容器の下方部分に配置された液体注入口、によって液体反応媒体に戻される。そのような発熱反応は、液体反応媒体内の「ホットスポット」すなわち局在化した高温域を発達させる傾向がある。湾曲した羽根を含む本発明のスリンガーを装備したときは、壁汚損および/または凝縮液閉塞を効果的に減ずるためにスリンガーを通して戻す必要があるのは、容器に戻される凝縮液の50%未満、より好ましくは30%未満である。結果的に、戻される凝縮液の50%超、より好ましくは70%超を、容器の下方部分に配置された液体注入口を通って液体反応媒体の中に導入することができる。すでに述べたように、容器の下方部分に配置された液体注入口経由の凝縮液の導入は、液体反応媒体内の「ホットスポット」を減少させるのにより有効である。したがって、著しい壁汚損または凝縮液閉塞なしで、温度、質量勾配および物質移動係数従属変数のような反応パラメーターの最適化によって、反応装置を一定の化学ポテンシャル状態により近づけることができる。そのような最適化された反応条件下で操作することは、所望の操作温度を維持するのに必要な蒸発の総量を減少させながら、望ましくない反応および溶媒の消費を減少させる。
Claims (5)
- 内径(T)の垂直円筒状内表面ならびに上方部分および下方部分を有する反応容器、
反応容器の上方部分に配置された第一の液体注入口、
反応容器の上方部分の少なくとも一部を通って延びる駆動軸、
凝縮液を分配し反応容器に戻す分配器であって、駆動軸に固定され、そして反応容器の上方部分で第一の液体注入口より下に配置された分配器
を含む気液相反応器装置であって、
分配器が、直径(D)を有する上方水平面、中心開口部、中心開口部のまわりに同心的に配置された液体受入れ帯域、液体受入れ帯域の外周のまわりに位置する第一の端から分配器の外周に隣接して位置する第二の端まで延び、均一の高さ(H)、曲率半径(R)の一定の曲率および弧の長さ(L)の湾曲した形状で外側へ放射状に延びる、複数の垂直に立った羽根を含み、
分配器が、上方水平面の上方かつ中心のまわりに同心的に配置され、液体受入れ帯域の少なくとも一部を包囲する垂直な壁からなるカップを含み、カップが上方水平面に隣接して配置された少なくとも1つの開口部を含み、
駆動軸は、中心開口部を通って垂直に延び、そして第一の液体注入口を出た液体が液体受入れ帯域の中に導入されるように第一の液体注入口より下で、反応容器の上方部分中の分配器に固定され、
R/Dが0.01〜1000であり、L/Dが0.01〜3.14であり、
D/Tが0.05〜0.7であり、H/Dが0.01〜1である、反応器装置。 - 上方部分および下方部分を有する容器を準備する工程、
容器の中に芳香族アルキルを含む液体反応媒体を導入する工程、
容器内の液体反応媒体に分子酸素源を導入する工程、
液体反応媒体の上に生成する蒸気の少なくとも一部を凝縮する工程、
凝縮液の少なくとも一部を容器内の液体反応媒体に戻す工程
を含む気液相反応器装置内で芳香族アルキルを酸化する方法であって、
戻される凝縮液の50%超が容器内の液体反応媒体の液位より下の容器の下方部分に配置された液体注入口経由で液体反応媒体に導入され、戻される凝縮液の50%未満が容器内の液体反応媒体の液位より上の反応容器の上方部分に配置された分配器経由で液体反応媒体に導入され、分配器が垂直の軸のまわりに回転し、分配器が湾曲した形状で垂直の軸から外側へ延びる複数の垂直に立った羽根を含む上方水平面を含み、分配器が、上方水平面の上方かつ中心のまわりに同心的に配置され、液体受入れ帯域の少なくとも一部を包囲する垂直な壁からなるカップを含み、カップが上方水平面に隣接して配置された少なくとも1つの開口部を含む、方法。 - 戻される凝縮液の70%超が容器の下方部分に配置された液体注入口経由で液体反応媒体に導入され、戻される凝縮液の30%未満が容器内の液体反応媒体の液位より上の反応容器の上方部分に配置された分配器経由で戻される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 分配器経由で凝縮液の一部を戻す工程が垂直の軸のまわりに回転している分配器の上に凝縮液を供給する工程を含み、分配器が湾曲した形状で垂直の軸から外側へ延びる複数の垂直に立った羽根を含む上方水平面を含む、請求項2または3に記載の方法。
- 芳香族アルキルがp−キシレンを含み、液体反応媒体はさらに酢酸を含む、請求項2〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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US20110226000A1 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | Ming-Tsung Chiu | Water-sputtering Ring and Water-dispersing Fan Assembly for an Air Conditioner |
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WO2013175489A1 (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-11-28 | Reliance Industries Limited | A multi-phase reactor system with slinger liquid reflux distributor |
CN103240032B (zh) * | 2013-05-30 | 2015-01-21 | 周其强 | 一种橡胶沥青配料加热装置 |
FR3008899B1 (fr) * | 2013-07-25 | 2017-04-21 | Arkema France | Methode et systeme pour la distribution d'un liquide dans des capacites pour la preparation de monomeres (meth)acryliques |
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CN106563405B (zh) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江诺比高分子材料有限公司 | 一种用于乙烯基树脂生产的反应釜 |
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KR20200078221A (ko) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-07-01 | 한화솔루션 주식회사 | 회분식 반응기 |
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BR112021022023A2 (pt) * | 2019-05-03 | 2022-01-18 | Philadelphia Mixing Solutions Ltd | Misturador de reação |
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CN112546662B (zh) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-03-14 | 安徽金禾实业股份有限公司 | 一种碳酸氢铵重结晶器 |
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MX2009003079A (es) | 2009-06-03 |
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