JP5430944B2 - 炎症および免疫関連用途のためのピリジルフェニル化合物 - Google Patents
炎症および免疫関連用途のためのピリジルフェニル化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5430944B2 JP5430944B2 JP2008552512A JP2008552512A JP5430944B2 JP 5430944 B2 JP5430944 B2 JP 5430944B2 JP 2008552512 A JP2008552512 A JP 2008552512A JP 2008552512 A JP2008552512 A JP 2008552512A JP 5430944 B2 JP5430944 B2 JP 5430944B2
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- optionally substituted
- methyl
- pyridin
- phenyl
- benzamide
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
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- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
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- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
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- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950007802 zidometacin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960003414 zomepirac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zomepirac Chemical compound C1=C(CC(O)=O)N(C)C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本願は、2006年1月31日出願の米国特許仮出願第60/763,782号に対する優先権を主張し、その全開示内容は参照により本願明細書に援用される。
式中、Yが、任意に置換された単環式アリールまたは任意に置換された単環式ヘテロアリールであり;
Lが、−NRCR2−、−CR2NR−、−C(O)−、−NR−C(O)−、−C(O)−NR−、−OC(O)−、−C(O)O−、−C(S)−、−NR−C(S)−、−C(S)−NR−からなる群から選択されるリンカーであり;
X1またはX2の一方がCHまたはCZであり、他方がNであり;
各Zが、独立に、低級アルキル、低級ハロアルキル、ハロ、低級アルコキシ、低級アルキルスファニル、−S(O)p−アルキル、−C(O)NRR、−(CH2)kNRR、−(CH2)kOR、−(CH2)kSR、シアノ、ニトロ、または低級ハロアルコキシからなる群から選択され;
Rが、各々独立して、−Hまたはアルキルから選択され;
R3が、H、アルキル、ハロアルキル、ハロ、ハロアルコキシ、−OR5、−SR5、または−NR6R7であり;
>R4が、ハロ、ハロアルキル、シアノ、ニトロ、−C(O)R5、−C(O)OR5、−C(O)SR5、−C(O)NR9R10、−C(S)R5、−C(S)OR5、−C(S)SR5、−C(S)NR6R7、−C(NR8)R5、−C(NR8)OR5、−C(NR8)SR5、−C(NR8)NR6R7、−S(O)pR5、−S(O)pNR5、−S(O)pOR5、−P(O)(OR5)2、−OP(O)(OR5)2、−P(O)(R5)2、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、または任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
R5が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキル(heteralalkyl)であり;
R6およびR7が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキルであるか;あるいは、R6およびR7が、窒素原子を伴って結合し、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
R8が、各々独立して、−H、ハロ、アルキル、−OR5、−NR6R7、−C(O)R5、−C(O)OR5、または−C(O)NR6R7であり;
R9およびR10が、各々独立して、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換された5〜14員環シクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキル、任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキル、あるいは任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたチエニル、任意に置換されたピロリル、任意に置換されたオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたイミダゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリジニル、任意に置換されたイソオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたピラゾリル、任意に置換されたイソチアゾリル、任意に置換されたピリダジニル、任意に置換されたピリミジニル、任意に置換されたピラジニル、任意に置換されたトリアジニル、任意に置換されたトリアゾリル、任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたチアジアゾリル、任意に置換されたピラジニル、任意に置換されたキノリニル、任意に置換されたイソキノリニル、任意に置換されたインダゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾフリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリジニル、任意に置換されたイミダゾピリジニル、任意に置換されたテトラゾリル、任意に置換されたベンズイミダゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアジアゾリル、任意に置換されたベンズオキサジアゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリル、任意に置換されたテトラヒドロインドリル、任意に置換されたアザインドリル、任意に置換されたイミダゾピリジル、任意に置換されたキニザオニリル、任意に置換されたプリニル、任意に置換されたピロロ[2,3]ピリミジル、任意に置換されたピラゾロ[3,4]ピリミジルまたは任意に置換されたベンゾ(b)チエニルからなる群から選択された任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであるか;あるいは、R9およびR10が、窒素原子を伴って結合し、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
qが、各々独立して、1〜3の整数であり;
kが、各々独立して、1〜4の整数であり;
nが、0、1、または2であり;
pが、各々独立に、1または2である。
特にことわりのない限り、本願明細書における用語は以下のとおり定義される。
本発明は、特に免疫抑制、または炎症症状、免疫疾患およびアレルギー性疾患の治療または予防に有用な化合物および医薬組成物に関する。
式中、Yが、任意に置換された単環式アリールまたは任意に置換された単環式ヘテロアリールであり;
Lが、−NRCR2−、−CR2NR−、−C(O)−、−NR−C(O)−、−C(O)−NR−、−OC(O)−、−C(O)O−、−C(S)−、−NR−C(S)−、−C(S)−NR−からなる群から選択されるリンカーであり;
X1またはX2の一方がCHまたはCZであり、他方がNであり;
各Zが、独立に、低級アルキル、低級ハロアルキル、ハロ、低級アルコキシ、低級アルキルスファニル、−S(O)p−アルキル、−C(O)NRR、−(CH2)kNRR、−(CH2)kOR、−(CH2)kSR、シアノ、ニトロ、または低級ハロアルコキシからなる群から選択され;
Rが、各々独立して、−Hまたはアルキルから選択され;
R3が、H、アルキル、ハロアルキル、ハロ、ハロアルコキシ、−OR5、−SR5、または−NR6R7であり;
R4が、ハロ、ハロアルキル、シアノ、ニトロ、−C(O)R5、−C(O)OR5、−C(O)SR5、−C(O)NR9R10、−C(S)R5、−C(S)OR5、−C(S)SR5、−C(S)NR6R7、−C(NR8)R5、−C(NR8)OR5、−C(NR8)SR5、−C(NR8)NR6R7、−S(O)pR5、−S(O)pNR5、−S(O)pOR5、−P(O)(OR5)2、−OP(O)(OR5)2、−P(O)(R5)2、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、または任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
R5が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキル(heteralalkyl)であり;
R6およびR7が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキルであるか;あるいは、R6およびR7が、窒素原子を伴って結合し、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
R8が、各々独立して、−H、ハロ、アルキル、−OR5、−NR6R7、−C(O)R5、−C(O)OR5、または−C(O)NR6R7であり;
R9およびR10が、各々独立して、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換された5〜14員環シクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキル、任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキル、あるいは任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたチエニル、任意に置換されたピロリル、任意に置換されたオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたイミダゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリジニル、任意に置換されたイソオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたピラゾリル、任意に置換されたイソチアゾリル、任意に置換されたピリダジニル、任意に置換されたピリミジニル、任意に置換されたピラジニル、任意に置換されたトリアジニル、任意に置換されたトリアゾリル、任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたチアジアゾリル、任意に置換されたピラジニル、任意に置換されたキノリニル、任意に置換されたイソキノリニル、任意に置換されたインダゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾフリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリジニル、任意に置換されたイミダゾピリジニル、任意に置換されたテトラゾリル、任意に置換されたベンズイミダゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアジアゾリル、任意に置換されたベンズオキサジアゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリル、任意に置換されたテトラヒドロインドリル、任意に置換されたアザインドリル、任意に置換されたイミダゾピリジル、任意に置換されたキニザオニリル、任意に置換されたプリニル、任意に置換されたピロロ[2,3]ピリミジル、任意に置換されたピラゾロ[3,4]ピリミジルまたは任意に置換されたベンゾ(b)チエニルからなる群から選択された任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであるか;あるいは、R9およびR10が、窒素原子を伴って結合し、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
qが、各々独立して、1〜3の整数であり;
kが、各々独立して、1〜4の整数であり;
nが、0、1、または2であり;
pが、各々独立に、1または2である。
式中、Y1が、置換されたイソオキサゾリルまたは置換された1H−ピロリルでないことを条件として、Y1が、任意に置換された単環式アリールまたは任意に置換された単環式ヘテロアリールであり;
L1が、−NHCH2−、−CH2NH−、−NR−C(O)−、−OC(O)−、−C(O)O−、−C(S)−、−NR−C(S)−、または−C(S)−NR−からなる群から選択されるリンカーであり;
X1またはX2の一方がCHまたはCZであり、他方がNであり;
各Zが、独立に、低級アルキル、低級ハロアルキル、ハロ、低級アルコキシ、低級アルキルスファニル、−S(O)p−アルキル、−C(O)NRR、−(CH2)kNRR、−(CH2)kOR、−(CH2)kSR、シアノ、ニトロ、または低級ハロアルコキシからなる群から選択され;
Rが、各々独立して、−Hまたはアルキルから選択され;
R3が、H、アルキル、ハロアルキル、ハロ、ハロアルコキシ、−OR5、−SR5、または−NR6R7であり;
R4が、ハロ、ハロアルキル、シアノ、ニトロ、−C(O)R5、−C(O)OR5、−C(O)SR5、−C(O)NR9R10、−C(S)R5、−C(S)OR5、−C(S)SR5、−C(S)NR6R7、−C(NR8)R5、−C(NR8)OR5、−C(NR8)SR5、−C(NR8)NR6R7、−S(O)pR5、−S(O)pNR5、−S(O)pOR5、−P(O)(OR5)2、−OP(O)(OR5)2、−P(O)(R5)2、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、または任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
R5が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキル(heteralalkyl)であり;
R6およびR7が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキルであるか;あるいは、R6およびR7が、窒素原子を伴って結合し、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
R8が、各々独立して、−H、ハロ、アルキル、−OR5、−NR6R7、−C(O)R5、−C(O)OR5、または−C(O)NR6R7であり;
R9およびR10が、各々独立して、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換された5〜14員環シクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキル、任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキル、あるいは任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたチエニル、任意に置換されたピロリル、任意に置換されたオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたイミダゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリジニル、任意に置換されたイソオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたピラゾリル、任意に置換されたイソチアゾリル、任意に置換されたピリダジニル、任意に置換されたピリミジニル、任意に置換されたピラジニル、任意に置換されたトリアジニル、任意に置換されたトリアゾリル、任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたチアジアゾリル、任意に置換されたピラジニル、任意に置換されたキノリニル、任意に置換されたイソキノリニル、任意に置換されたインダゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾフリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリジニル、任意に置換されたイミダゾピリジニル、任意に置換されたテトラゾリル、任意に置換されたベンズイミダゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアゾリル、任意に置換されたベンゾチアジアゾリル、任意に置換されたベンズオキサジアゾリル、任意に置換されたインドリル、任意に置換されたテトラヒドロインドリル、任意に置換されたアザインドリル、任意に置換されたイミダゾピリジル、任意に置換されたキニザオニリル、任意に置換されたプリニル、任意に置換されたピロロ[2,3]ピリミジル、任意に置換されたピラゾロ[3,4]ピリミジルまたは任意に置換されたベンゾ(b)チエニルからなる群から選択された任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであるか;あるいは、R9およびR10が、窒素原子を伴って結合し、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
qが、各々独立して、1〜3の整数であり;
kが、各々独立して、1〜4の整数であり;
nが、0、1、または2であり;
pが、各々独立に、1または2である。
N−[6−(2−クロロ−5−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−3−メチル−イソニコチンアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−3−フルオロ−イソニコチンアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
4−クロロ−3−[6−(2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−3−イル]−安息香酸メチルエステル;
3−[6−(2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−3−イル]−4−メチル−安息香酸メチルエステル;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−6−メチル−ピリジン−2−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−4−メチル−ピリジン−2−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
3−[5−(2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−2−イル]−4−メチル−安息香酸メチルエステル;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[4−メチル−5−(3−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−メチル−5−(3−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボン酸[5−(2−クロロ−5−トリフルオロメチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−アミド;
4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボン酸[5−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−アミド;
4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボン酸[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−アミド;
4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボン酸[5−(2−クロロ−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−アミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミドヒドロクロリド;
4−メチル−N−(5−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−1,2,3−チアジアゾール−5−カルボキサミド;
3−(6−ベンゾイルアミノ−ピリジン−3−イル)−4−クロロ−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−[6−(2−メチル−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−3−イル]−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(3−メチル−ピリジン−4−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(3−フルオロ−ピリジン−4−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(3−クロロ−ピリジン−4−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(4−メチル−[1,2,3]オキサジアゾール−5−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(5−メチル−3H−[1,2,3]トリアゾール−4−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(4−メチル−イソチアゾール−5−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(4−メチル−チアゾール−5−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(4−メチル−オキサゾール−5−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(2−メチル−2H−ピラゾール−3−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−{6−[(4−フルオロ−イソチアゾール−5−カルボニル)−アミノ]−ピリジン−3−イル}−安息香酸メチルエステル;
3−メチル−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
3−メチル−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−メチル−6−(3−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[4−メチル−5−(3−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−メチル−5−(3−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
3−メチル−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
3−メチル−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミドヒドロクロリド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−3−メチル−イソニコチンアミド;
N−[6−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−3−メチル−イソニコチンアミド;
N−[6−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
3−[5−(2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−2−イル]−4−メチル−安息香酸エチルエステル;
3−[6−(2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−3−イル]−4−メチル−安息香酸エチルエステル;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−5−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−5−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(5−イソオキサゾル−5−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(5−イソオキサゾル−5−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−{5−[2−メチル−5−(3−メチル−イソオキサゾル−5−イル)−フェニル]−ピリジン−2−イル}−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−{6−[2−メチル−5−(3−メチル−イソオキサゾル−5−イル)−フェニル]−ピリジン−3−イル}−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−ピリジン−3−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−ピリジン−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−[1,3,4]オキサジアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−[1,3,4]チアジアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
4−クロロ−3−[6−(2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−3−イル]−安息香酸プロピルエステル;
4−クロロ−3−[6−(2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンゾイルアミノ)−ピリジン−3−イル]−安息香酸2−メトキシ−エチルエステル;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(5−フラン−2−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チオフェン−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−フルオロ−N−[5−(5−フラン−3−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チオフェン−3−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
N−(5−(2−メトキシ−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−4−メチル−1,2,3−チアジアゾール−5−カルボキサミド;
N−(5−(5−(イソオキサゾル−5−イル)−2−メチルフェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−4−メチル−1,2,3−チアジアゾール−5−カルボキサミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(5−(2−メチル−5−(1,3,4−オキサジアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(5−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)ベンズアミド;
N−(5−(2−クロロ−5−(1,3,4−オキサジアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(チアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(チアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド塩酸塩;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(チアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(1,3,4−オキサジアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(オキサゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(オキサゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド塩酸塩;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド塩酸塩;または
4−クロロ−2−フルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
あるいはこれらの薬学的に許容される塩、溶媒和物、包接化合物またはプロドラッグに関する。
本発明の例示的な化合物を、下記の表1に表す。
抗原に応答したTリンパ球の活性化は、カルシウムイオンの変動に依存する。Tリンパ球のカルシウムイオン変動は、T細胞抗原レセプターの刺激で誘発され、貯蔵−制御されたCa2+−遊離−活性化Ca2+(CRAC)チャネルを通したカルシウムイオン流入が行われる。CRACイオンチャネルの分子構造は確認されていないが、チャネルの詳細な電子生理的プロフィールは存在する。このため、CRACイオンチャネルの阻害は、ICRAC電流の抑制の測定により定量できる。T細胞のカルシウムイオン変動は、T細胞活性化に必要である幾つかの転写制御因子(例えばNFAT、Oct/OapおよびNFKB)の活性化に関連すると言われている(Lewis,Biochemical Society Transactions(2003),31:925−929参照。その全開示内容が参照により本願明細書に援用される。)。どのような理論であれ、本発明の化合物によりCRACイオンチャネルの活動が阻害されるため、免疫細胞の活性化が阻害されると考えられる。
本発明によれば、式(I)から(II)、または表1のいずれか一つの化合物、あるいはその薬学的に許容される塩、溶媒和物、包接化合物またはプロドラッグの有効量、または、式(I)から(II)、または表1のいずれか一つの化合物、あるいはその薬学的に許容される塩、溶媒和物、包接化合物またはプロドラッグを含む医薬組成物を、免疫抑制を必要とする、または炎症症状、免疫疾患、またはアレルギー性疾患の治療または予防を必要とする患者に投与する。この種の患者は治療に敏感でも、従来の治療に対して部分的に反応または無反応でもよい。
本発明の医薬組成物および製剤は、一つ以上の有効成分を相対量含み、所定の医薬組成物または製剤を、免疫抑制、または炎症症状、免疫疾患およびアレルギー性疾患の治療または予防に使用可能なように製剤化される。好適な医薬組成物および製剤には、式(I)から(II)、または表1のいずれか一つの化合物、あるいはその薬学的に許容されるプロドラッグ、塩、溶媒和物または接化合物が、任意に一つ以上の付加的な活性薬剤との組み合せで含まれる。
本発明の医薬組成物は、限定されないが、錠剤(例えば、チュアブル錠)、カプレット、カプセル、および液剤(矯味剤入りシロップ)など、適切な製剤で提供できる。このような製剤には一定量の有効成分が含まれ、当業者に公知の調剤方法によって調製できる。一般論については、Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences(1990)第18版、Mack Publishing、米国ペンシルベニア州イーストンを参照されたい。
本発明の有効成分は、放出制御手段または当業者に公知の送達手段を用いて投与できる。例えば、限定されないが、米国特許番号3,845,770、3,916,899、3,536,809、3,598,123、4,008,719、5,674,533、5,059,595、5,591,767、5,120,548、5,073,543、5,639,476、5,354,556および5,733,566(参照により本願明細書に援用される)に記載のものが挙げられる。この種の製剤は、一つ以上の有効成分の放出を徐々に、制御された態様で行うために採用でき、例えば、ヒドロプロピルメチルセルロース、他のポリマーマトリックス、ゲル類、浸透膜、浸透系、多層膜コーティング、微小粒子、リポソーム、マイクロスフェアまたはこれらの組み合わせを使用して、その比率の変化により所望の放出プロファイルが得られる。当業者に公知の適切な放出制御製剤は、本願明細書に記載のものを含め、本発明の有効成分の使用の際に適切に選択できる。すなわち本発明には、経口投与に適した一つの単位用量形態(限定されないが、例えば錠剤、カプセル、ジェルキャップおよびカプレット)であり、放出制御に適したものが含まれる。
非経口用の製剤は、皮下、静脈(ボーラス注射を含む)、筋肉内、動脈内など(これらに限定されない)を含む様々な経路で患者に投与できる。これらの投与法は通常異物に対する患者の自然防御機能を回避するものであるため、非経口投与用製剤は、滅菌されているか、または患者への投与前に滅菌可能な状態であることが好ましい。非経口投与用製剤の例には、限定されないが、注射液、医薬的に許容可能な注射用賦形剤中に溶解または懸濁可能な乾燥品、注射用懸濁液、およびエマルジョンが含まれる。
本発明の経皮、局所および経粘膜投与用製剤には、限定されないが、眼科用溶液、スプレー、エアゾール、ローション、軟膏、ゲル、溶液、乳剤、懸濁液または当業者に公知の他の製剤が含まれる。例えば、Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences(1980および1990)第16版および第18版、Mack Publishing、米国ペンシルベニア州イーストン、ならびに、Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms(1985)第4版、Lea&Febiger、米国フィラデルフィア州を参照されたい。口腔内の粘膜組織の治療に適した製剤は、うがい薬または口腔用ゲルとして調製できる。更に経皮投与用の製剤には、「リザーバー型」または「マトリックス型」のパッチのように、皮膚に適用でき、適切な量の有効成分を浸透させるのに必要な一定時間、皮膚に付着させることができるものが含まれる。
患者における免疫抑制方法、または炎症症状および免疫疾患の治療または予防方法には、本発明の化合物を投与した患者に、更に一つ以上のその他の有効成分の有効量を投与することが含まれる。このような有効成分には、免疫抑制あるいは炎症症状または免疫疾患に一般に使用されるものを含めてもよい。これらの他の有効成分は、本発明の化合物と併用して投与されたときに、他の有効性を発揮するものでもよい。例えば、他の治療薬には、限定されないが、ステロイド、非ステロイド系抗炎症剤、抗ヒスタミン剤、鎮痛剤、免疫抑制剤およびこれらの適切な混合物が含まれる。このような併用療法において、本発明の化合物および他の薬剤は共に、従来法により対象(例えば、ヒト、男性または女性)に投与できる。この薬剤は単一の製剤で投与しても、または別々の製剤で投与してもよい。他の治療薬および製剤の有効量は、当業者に公知である。また、他の治療薬の至適有効量の範囲を決定することは、当業者が通常なしうる範囲内である。
本発明の化合物は、例えば他の潜在的CRAC阻害剤、またはIL−2、IL−4、IL−5、IL−13、GM−CSF、TNF−αおよび/またはINF−γの阻害剤の解析に使用する陽性対照などの、研究手段としても使用できる。本発明の化合物および組成物に関する上記、およびその他の用途および実施形態は、当業者にとって自明であると考えられる。
[実験の妥当性]
理論はともかく、本発明の化合物がCRACイオンチャネルを阻害し、これにより、IL−2および炎症反応および免疫反応と関係するその他の主要なサイトカインの産生を阻害すると考えられる。以下の実施形態は、これらの特性を示すものである。
以下で使用する試薬および溶媒は、商業的入手源(例えばAldrich Chemical社(米国ウィスコンシン州ミルウォーキー所在)から入手できる。1H−NMRおよび13C−NMRのスペクトルは、Varian 300MHz NMRスペクトロメーターを用いて記録した。主要なピークを、δ(ppm):化学シフト、多重度(s、一重項;d、二重項;t、三重項;q、四重項;m、多重項;brs、広い一重項),カップリング定数をヘルツ(Hz)およびプロトン数(s)、の順で示す。
Immune-Related Uses」に従って調製することもできる。これらの全開示内容は参照により本願明細書に援用される。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 8.8(d、1H、J=2)、8.5(dd、1H、J1=9、J2=2)、7.91(s、2H)、7.8(d、1H、J=8)、7.6(m、2H)、7.5(m、1H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)ppm;ESMS計算値(C19H10ClF5N2O):412.0;実測値:413.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.2(m、1H)、8.5(m、1H)、8.18(s、1H)、7.9(m、1H)、7.6(m、3H)、7.4(m、1H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)ppm;ESMS計算値(C19H10ClF5N2O):412.0;実測値:413.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.20(s、1H)、8.6(m、2H)、8.5(d、1H、J=9)、8.11(s、1H)、7.9(d、1H、J=9)、7.6(m、3H)、7.4(d、1H、J=5)、2.52(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C19H13ClF3N3O):391.1;実測値:392.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.2(br、1H)、8.7(m、2H)、8.4(m、2H)、8.0(t、1H、J=6)、7.9(dd、1H、J1=9、J2=2)、7.6(m、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C18H10ClF4N3O):395.0;実測値:396.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 8.6(br、1H)、8.4(d、1H、J=8)、8.26(s、1H)、8.0(d、1H、J=8)、7.91(s、1H)、7.8(d、1H、J=8)、7.71(s、1H)、7.4(m、2H)、7.3(m、1H)、7.0(m、2H)、2.33(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C20H15F2N3O2):391.1;実測値:392.1(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 8.7(br、1H)、8.5(d、1H、J=8)、8.3(m、1H)、8.0(m、2H)、7.9(d、1H、J=8)、7.6(d、1H、J=9)、7.4(m、1H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)、3.94(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C20H13ClF2N2O3):402.1;実測値:403.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.5(br、1H)、8.4(d、1H、J=8)、8.0(m、2H)、7.9(m、2H)、7.4(m、2H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)、3.94(s、3H)、2.30(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C21H16F2N2O3):382.1;実測値:383.1(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.8(br、1H)、8.5(m、1H)、8.0(m、4H)、7.8(m、1H)、7.6(m、1H)、7.4(m、2H)、7.0(m、2H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C21H12ClF2N3O2):411.1;実測値:412.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.1(br、1H)、8.3(d、1H、J=8)、7.3〜7.6(m、5H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)、2.16(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C20H12ClF5N2O):426.1;実測値:427.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.6(br、1H)、8.5(d、1H、J=8)、8.07(s、1H)、7.9(m、4H)、7.6(d、1H、J=9)、7.4(m、2H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)ppm;ESMS計算値(C20H12ClF2N3OS):427.0;実測値:428.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 10.6(br、1H)、8.40(s、1H)、7.6(m、2H)、7.4(m、3H)、6.9(m、2H)、2.21(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C20H12ClF5N2O):426.1;実測値:427.0(M+H+)。
1H−NM R(CDCl3)δ 8.72(s、1H)、8.4(d、1H、J=8)、8.09(s、1H)、8.0(d、1H、J=8)、7.8(br、1H)、7.5(m、2H)、7.4(d、1H、J=8)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)、3.91(s、3H)、2.45(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C21H16F2N2O3):382.1;実測値:383.1(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 8.72(s、1H)、8.4(d、1H、J=8)、8.32(s、1H)、8.04(s、1H)、8.0(d、1H、J=8)、7.64(s、1H)、7.4(m、3H)、7.20(s、1H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)、2.38(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C22H15F2N3O2):391.1;実測値:392.1(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.4(br、1H)、8.37(s、1H)、7.80(s、1H)、7.3〜7.7(m、5H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)、2.34(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C20H13F5N2O):392.1;実測値:393.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 8.9(br、1H)、8.3(d、1H、J=8)、7.3〜7.7(m、6H)、7.0(t、2H、J=8)、2.32(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C20H13F5N2O):392.1;実測値:393.0(M+H)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.1(br、1H)、8.4(d、1H、J=9)、8.29(s、1H)、8.0(d、1H、J=8)、7.6(m、3H)、3.02(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C16H10ClF3N4OS):398.0;実測値:399.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 8.4(m、3H)、7.9(m、4H)、7.6(d、1H、J=8)、7.4(d、1H、J=5)、3.05(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C18H12ClN5OS2):413.0;実測値:414.0(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 9.4(br、1H)、8.4(d、1H、J=8)、8.31(s、1H)、7.9(m、3H)、7.72(s、1H)、7.4(d、1H、J=8)、7.24(s、1H)、3.03(s、3H)、2.34(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C19H15N5O2S):377.1;実測値:378.1(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ 8.6(d、1H、J=9)、8.42(s、1H)、8.1(m、3H)、7.77(s、1H)、7.6(s、1H、J=8)、7.30(s、1H)、3.03(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C18H12ClN5O2S):397.0;実測値:398.1(M+H+)。
1H−NMR(DMSO−d6)δ 11.6(br、1H)、9.12(s、1H)、8.4(d、1H、J=8),8.12(s、1H)、8.0(m、2H)、7.9(d、1H、J=8)、7.6(m、1H)、7.5(d、1H、J=8)、7.41(s、1H)、7.3(t、2H、J=8)、2.41(s、3H)ppm;ESMS計算値(C22H16ClF2N3O2):427.1;実測値:398.1(M+H+)。
1H NMR(300MHz、(CD3)2SO)11.55(s、1H)、8.45〜8.43(m、2H)、8.22〜8.19(m、1H)、7.98〜7.94(m、1H)、7.71〜7.63(m、3H)、7.46〜7.43(m、1H)、2.82(s、3H)、2.28(s、3H);ESMS計算値(C19H15N5O2S):377.1;実測値:378.2(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)δ 8.58(d、J=9Hz、1H)、8.32〜8.28(m、2H)、7.99〜7.95(m、1H)、7.78〜7.74(m、1H)、7.68(d、J=1.8Hz、1H)、7.45〜7.43(m、1H)、6.54(d、J=1.8Hz、1H)、2.35(d、3H);ESMS計算値(C19H15N5O2S):377.1;実測値:378.1(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)δ 9.16(s、1H)、8.51−8.48(m、2H)、8.14−8.12(m、1H)、8.01(dd、J=8.1および2.1Hz、1H)、7.91(d、J=1.8Hz、1H)、7.79(dd、J=8.7および2.4Hz、1H)、7.45〜7.42(m、2H)、7.05〜6.98(m、2H)、2.35(s、3H);ESMS計算値(C21H14F2N4O2):392.1;実測値:393.2(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)δ 8.81(s、1H)、8.47(d、J=8.4Hz、1H)、8.21〜8.20(m、1H)、7.92(s、1H)、7.78(dd、J=8.4および2.1Hz、1H)、7.59(dd、J=7.8および1.8Hz、1H)、7.50〜7.35(m、4H)、7.05〜6.99(m、2H)、2.30(s、3H);ESMS計算値(C22H15F2N3O2):391.1;実測値:392.2(M+H)。
化合物71:N−(5−(2−クロロ−5−(1,3,4−オキサジアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド
1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)δ 9.07(s、1H)、8.52〜8.49(m、2H)、8.26(d、J=1.8Hz、1H)、8.07〜8.03(m、2H)、7.93(dd、J=8.7および2.4Hz、1H)、7.69〜7.66(m、1H)、7.48〜7.42(m、1H)、7.05〜6.98(m、2H);ESMS計算値(C20H11ClF2N4O2):412.1;実測値:413.2(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)δ 8.76(d、J=2.7Hz、1H)、8.42(dd、J=8.7および2.7Hz、1H)、8.34(s、1H)、8.14(d、J=2.4Hz、1H)、7.92(dd、J=8.6および2.3Hz、1H)、7.85(d、J=3.3Hz、1H)、7.73(d、J=8.7Hz、1H)、7.55(d、J=8.4Hz、1H)、7.45〜7.35(m、2H)、7.02〜6.95(m、2H);ESMS計算値(C21H12ClF2N3OS):427.0;実測値:428.1(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CD3OD)δ 9.62(d、J=2.1Hz、1H)、8.72〜8.67(m、1H)、8.36〜8.23(m、3H)、8.00(d、J=3.3Hz、1H)、7.86(d、J=8.1Hz、1H)、7.79(d、J=3.3Hz、1H)、7.66〜7.61(m、1H)、7.19(t、J=8.1Hz、2H);ESMS計算値(C21H12ClF2N3OS):427.0;実測値:428.1(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)δ 8.74(d、J=2.4Hz、1H)、8.43(dd、J=8.6および2.6Hz、1H)、8.02〜7.98(m、2H)、7.89(dd、J=5.0および2.1Hz、1H)、7.84(d、J=3.3Hz、1H)、7.53−7.30(m、4H)、7.03(t、J=8.3Hz、2H);ESMS計算値(C22H15F2N3OS):407.1;実測値:408.2(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CDCl3)δ 8.76(d、J=2.4Hz、1H)、8.45〜8.41(m、2H)、8.29(s、1H)、8.10(d、J=1.8Hz、1H)、8.00(dd、J=8.0および2.0Hz、1H)、7.51〜7.42(m、3H)、7.01(t、J=8.1Hz、2H)、2.45(s、3H);ESMS計算値(C21H14F2N4O2):392.1;実測値:393.2(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CD3OD)δ 8.96〜8.94(m、1H)、8.37(dd、J=8.6および2.6Hz、1H)、8.22(d、J=2.1Hz、1H)、8.08〜8.04(m、1H)、8.02(d、J=0.9Hz、1H)、7.80〜7.76(m、1H)、7.70(d、J=8.4Hz、1H)、7.60〜7.54(m、1H)、7.33(d、J=0.9Hz、1H)、7.17〜7.12(m、2H);ESMS計算値(C21H12ClF2N3O2):411.1;実測値:412.2(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CD3OD)δ 9.63〜9.61(m、1H)、8.74〜8.68(m、1H)、8.39−8.27(m、3H)、8.10(d、J=0.6Hz、1H)、7.89(d、J=8.7Hz、1H)、8.67〜8.59(m、1H)、7.40(d、J=0.6Hz、1H)、7.19(t、J=8.1Hz、2H);ESMS計算値(C21H12ClF2N3O2):411.1;実測値:412.2(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CD3OD)δ 8.91〜8.90(m、1H)、8.35(dd、J=8.6および2.4Hz、1H)、8.24(s、1H)、7.75〜7.67(m、2H)、7.61〜7.52(m、3H)、7.42(d、J=8.1Hz、1H)、7.14(t、J=8.1Hz、2H)、2.36(s、3H);ESMS計算値(C22H15F2N3O2):391.1;実測値:392.3(M+H)。
1H NMR(300MHz、CD3OD)δ 9.60(s、1H)、8.69(d、J=7.8Hz、1H)、8.57(s、1H)、8.23(d、J=8.4Hz、1H)、7.98〜7.92(m、2H)、7.76(s、1H)、7.66〜7.60(m、2H)、7.19(t、J=8.1Hz、2H)、2.43(s、3H);ESMS計算値(C22H15F2N3O2):391.1;実測値:392.3(M+H)。
1H−NMR(CDCl3)δ(ppm)8.8(d、1H、J=2)、8.5(br、1H)、8.4(dd、1H、J1=8、J2=2)、7.9〜8.2(m、3H)、7.70(s、1H)、7.2〜7.5(m、5H)、2.42(s、3H);ESMS計算値(C22H15ClFN3O2):407.1;実測値:408.0(M+H)+。
ジャーカット細胞を96ウェルプレート(1% FBS培地中、1ウェル当たり細胞50万個)に撒布し、本発明の試験化合物を異なる濃度で添加した。10分後に細胞をPHA(最終濃度2.5μg/mL)によって活性化し、CO2条件下で37℃にて20時間インキュベートした。最終的な体積を200μLにした。インキュベート後、細胞を遠心分離し、回収して、上清を、IL−2産生の解析前に−70℃で保存した。市販のELISAキット(IL−2 Eli−pair、Diaclone Research社、フランス国ベサンコン所在)を用い、用量反応曲線を作成し、それを用いてIL−2の産生を検出した。非刺激の対照に対して、刺激後の最大IL−2産生の50%が阻害される濃度をIC50値として算出した。
一般に、ICRACを伝達するチャネルに対する本発明の化合物の効果を検討するために、ホールセルパッチクランプ法を用いる。上記試験においては、パッチした細胞ごとにベースライン測定を行う。更に、試験化合物を外液中の細胞に注ぎ(または吹き付け)、ICRACに対する化合物の効果を測定する。ICRACを調節(例えば阻害)する化合物は、本発明において、CRACイオンチャネル活性の調節に有用な化合物である
(細胞)
95%空気/5%CO2の雰囲気下で、ラットの好塩基球性白血病細胞(RBL−2H3)を、10%ウシ胎仔血清を添加したDMEM培地で増殖させた。細胞を、使用の1〜3日前にガラス製のシャーレに播種した。
各細胞の膜電流を、EPC10(HEKA Electronik、ドイツ国ラムブレヒト所在)により、パッチクランプ法のホールセルの構成を使用して記録した。電極(抵抗2〜5MΩ)は、ホウケイ酸ガラス製の毛細管(Sutter Instruments社、米国カリフォルニア州ノバート所在)から構成した。記録は室温で行った。
標準の細胞内ピペット溶液の組成は、以下のとおりである。グルタミン酸Cs 120mM;CsCl 20mM;CsBAPTA 10mM;CsHEPES 10mM;NaCl 8mM;MgCl2 1mM;IP3 0.02mM;CsOHによりpHを7.4に調整した。実験の実施前、溶液を遮光し、氷上に静置した。
細胞外溶液は以下の組成である:NaCl 138mM;NaHEPES 10mM;CsCl 10mM;CaCl2 100mM;グルコース 5.5mM;KCl 5.4mM;KH2PO4 0.4mM;Na2HPO4・H2O 0.3mM;NaOHによりpHを7.4に調整した。
各化合物を、DMSO中の10mM濃縮液を用い、希釈系列にて調製した。最終的なDMSO濃度を0.1%に保持した。
ICRAC電流を、50ミリ秒のプロトコルを使用して2秒毎にモニターし、電圧勾配を−100mVから+100mVとした。試験ランプ間で、膜電位を0mVに保持した。典型的な実験では、ピーク内向き電流は、50〜100秒以内に生じる。一旦ICRAC電流が安定した後、細胞に化合物を含む細胞外溶液を注いだ。試験終了後、残りのICRAC電流に更に対照化合物(SKF96365、10μM)を添加し、電流がなおも阻害されうることを確認した。
MATLABを使用したオフライン分析における電圧ランプの−80mVにおける内部電流の振幅を計測することにより、ICRAC電流レベルを測定した。各濃度におけるICRAC電流抑制は、同じ細胞における実験当初のピーク振幅より算出した。各化合物のIC50値およびヒル係数を、全ての個々のデータポイントを単一のヒル方程式に代入することによって推定した。
(細胞)
ジャーカット T細胞をガラスシャーレで増殖させ、記録チャンバーに移し、以下の組成物の標準の修飾リンゲル液に保持する:NaCl 145mM、KCl 2.8mM、CsCl 10mM、CaCl2 10mM、MgCl2 2mM、グルコース 10mM、HEPES−NaOH 10mM、pH7.2。
外液には、10mMのCaNaR、11.5mMのグルコースおよび後述の濃度の試験化合物が含まれる。
標準の細胞内ピペット溶液の組成は、以下のとおりである。グルタミン酸Cs 145mM、NaCl 8mM、MgCl2 1mM、ATP 0.5mM、GTP 0.3mM、CsOHによりpHを7.2に調整。溶液に、[Ca2+]iの最終濃度が100〜150nMになるように緩衝させた10mM Cs−BAPTAおよび4.3〜5.3mM CaCl2の混合溶液を添加する。
パッチクランプ実験は、密封した全細胞計測(ホールセル)で、21〜25℃にて行う。コンピュータを用いたパッチクランプアンプシステム(EPC−9、ドイツ国ラムブレヒト所在HEKA社)を用い、高分解電流を測定する。Sylgard(登録商標)をコーティングしたパッチピペットは、標準の細胞内液の充填後、2〜4MΩの抵抗を有する。全細胞計測を構成した直後に、−100mV〜+100mVの電圧範囲で50msの電圧ランプを、300〜400秒間にわたり、0.5Hzの周期で、0mVの保持電位から供給する。全ての電圧を、外液と内液間の液間電位差が10mVとなるように較正する。電流を2.9kHzでフィルタリングし、100μs間隔でデジタル化する。EPC−9の自動キャパシタンス補正を使用して各電圧ランプの前に、容量性電流および直列抵抗を測定し、較正した。
ICRACの活性化の前の最初のランプ(通常1〜3)を2kHzでデジタルフィルタリングし、プールして、その後の全ての電流記録のリークの減算に使用する。低解像度における内部電流の一時的な発生を、−80mVまたは任意の電圧で電流の振幅を測定することにより、リーク修正した個々のランプ電流記録から導出する。
(初期T細胞の調製)
全血2mLに100μLのRosetteSep(登録商標)ヒトT細胞濃縮混合物を添加して、ヒト全血試料から初期T細胞を調製する。混合液を室温で20分間インキュベートし、更に2% FBSを含む等容量のPBSで希釈する。混合液をRosetteSep(登録商標)DM−L濃縮培地の上に積層し、次に室温で1200gで20分間遠心分離する。濃縮されたT細胞が血漿/濃縮培地の界面に回収され、次に2%FBSを含むPBSで二回洗浄し、RBL細胞で説明した手順の後、パッチクランプ試験に使用する。
末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)は、本発明の化合物またはサイクロスポリンA(CsA)(公知のサイトカイン産生阻害物質)の様々な濃度条件下で、フィトヘマグルチニン(PHA)により刺激される。市販のヒトELISA分析キット(Cell Science社)を使用し、メーカーの指示に従ってサイトカイン産生を測定した。
(方法)
アッセイの前日、96ウェルプレート内で増殖して密生したRBL細胞を、37℃で少なくとも2時間インキュベートする。各ウェル内の培地を、2μLg/mLの抗−DNPIgEを含む100μLの新鮮な培地と交換する。
ヘパリン化全血(ブタ2頭、ヒト1名)の20mLのアリコートを、Ficoll Hypaqueで密度勾配遠心分離する。リンパ球および単球を含む末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を表すバッフィーコート層を一度洗浄し、12mlの不完全RPMI 1640中に再懸濁したのち、37℃で1時間、ゼラチンコートしたT75培養フラスコに置く。非接着性の細胞は、単球の減少した末梢血リンパ球(PBL)を表し、完全RPMI培地中で再懸濁して、暖かい培地で平衡化したゆるくパックされた活性ナイロンウールカラムに置く。37℃で1時間後、追加の培地でカラム内を洗浄して非接着性のT細胞集団を溶出させる。T細胞調製物を遠心分離し、5mlの不完全RPMI中で再懸濁させ、血球計数器を使用してカウントする。
各T細胞調製物のアリコートを、Calcein AM(TefLabs)で標識し、1.83mMのCaCl2および0.8mMのMgCl2を含むpH7.4の緩衝化ハンク平衡塩溶液(HHBSS)中で、2.4×106/mlの濃度で懸濁させる。次に、等体積の0nM、20nM、200nMまたは2000nMの化合物1または20nMのEDTAを含むHHBSSを加え、細胞を37℃で30分間インキュベートする。細胞懸濁液の50μlのアリコート(60,000個の細胞)を、HHBSS中10ng/mLのMIP−1αを含むウェル上に固定されたNeuroprobe ChemoTx 96ウェル化学走化性ユニットのメンブレン(細孔寸法5μm)に散布する。T細胞を37℃で2時間移動させると、メンブレンの先端面から細胞が消失する。次に、化学走化性ユニットを、Cytofluor 4000(PerSeptive BioSystems)に置き、各ウェルの蛍光を測定する(励起波長および発光波長はそれぞれ450nmおよび530nm)。膜を固定する前に、化学走化性ユニットの下部セルにある標識細胞の倍数希釈系列の蛍光を測定することにより、生成した標準曲線から、各ウェル内の移動した細胞の数を決定する。
Claims (17)
- 構造式(II)によって表される化合物であって、
L1が、−NHCH2−、−CH2NH−、−NR−C(O)−、−OC(O)−、−C(O)O−、−C(S)−、−NR−C(S)−、または−C(S)−NR−からなる群から選択されるリンカーであり;
X1またはX2の一方がCHまたはCZであり、他方がNであり;
各Zが、独立に、低級アルキル、低級ハロアルキル、ハロ、低級アルコキシ、低級アルキルスファニル、−S(O)p−アルキル、−C(O)NRR、−(CH2)kNRR、−(CH2)kOR、−(CH2)kSR、シアノ、ニトロ、または低級ハロアルコキシからなる群から選択され;
Rが、各々独立して、−Hまたはアルキルから選択され;
R3が、H、アルキル、ハロアルキル、ハロ、ハロアルコキシ、−OR5、−SR5、または−NR6R7であり;
R4が、任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
R5が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキル(heteralalkyl)であり;
R6およびR7が、各々独立に、H、任意に置換されたアルキル、任意に置換されたアルケニル、任意に置換されたアルキニル、任意に置換されたシクロアルキル、任意に置換されたシクロアルケニル、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリル、任意に置換されたアリール、任意に置換されたヘテロアリール、任意に置換されたアラルキルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアラルキルであるか;あるいは、R6およびR7が、窒素原子を伴って結合し、任意に置換されたヘテロシクリルまたは任意に置換されたヘテロアリールであり;
kが、各々独立して、1〜4の整数であり;
nが、0、1、または2であり;
pが、各々独立に、1または2である、化合物、
またはその薬学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物。
- Y1が、任意に置換されたフェニル、任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたピリダジニル、任意に置換されたイソチアゾリル、任意に置換されたチアゾリル、任意に置換されたトリアゾリル、任意に置換されたオキサジアゾリル、任意に置換されたオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたチアジアゾリル、または任意に置換されたチオフェニルである請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Y 1 が、任意に置換されたフェニルまたは任意に置換されたチアヂアゾリルである請求項2に記載の化合物。
- Y1が、各々独立に、低級アルキルまたはハロから選択された1〜2の置換基で置換されている請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- Y1がジフルオロフェニルまたは4−メチル−1,2,3−チアジアゾル−5−イルである請求項4に記載の化合物。
- L1が−NR−C(O)−であり、Rが−Hである請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R4が、任意に置換されたオキサゾリル、任意に置換されたチアゾリル、任意に置換されたイミダゾリル、任意に置換されたピリジニル、任意に置換されたピラゾリル、任意に置換されたピロリル、任意に置換されたチオフェニル、任意に置換されたフラニル、任意に置換されたチアジアゾリル、任意に置換されたオキサジアゾリル、または任意に置換されたテトラゾリルである請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R 4 が、オキサゾル−2−イル、オキサゾル−5−イル、チアゾル−2−イル、チアゾル−5−イル、[1,3,4]オキサジアゾル−2−イル、ピリジン−3−イル、またはピリジン−2−イルである請求項7に記載の化合物。
- R3が、−H、クロロ、フルオロ、ブロモ、メチル、またはメトキシである請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- nが0である請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- nが1であり、Zがメチルである請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- X1がNであり、X2がCHである請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- X2がNであり、X1がCHである請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物が、
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボン酸[5−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−アミド;
4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボン酸[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−アミド;
4−メチル−[1,2,3]チアジアゾール−5−カルボン酸[5−(2−クロロ−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−アミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミドヒドロクロリド;
4−メチル−N−(5−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−1,2,3−チアジアゾール−5−カルボキサミド;
3−メチル−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
3−メチル−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−メチル−6−(3−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[4−メチル−5−(3−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−メチル−5−(3−オキサゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
3−メチル−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
3−メチル−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−イソニコチンアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミドヒドロクロリド;
N−[5−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−3−メチル−イソニコチンアミド;
N−[6−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−3−メチル−イソニコチンアミド;
N−[6−(2−クロロ−5−チアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−2,6−ジフルオロ−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−5−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−オキサゾル−5−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(5−イソオキサゾル−5−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(5−イソオキサゾル−5−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−{5−[2−メチル−5−(3−メチル−イソオキサゾル−5−イル)−フェニル]−ピリジン−2−イル}−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−{6−[2−メチル−5−(3−メチル−イソオキサゾル−5−イル)−フェニル]−ピリジン−3−イル}−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−ピリジン−3−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[6−(2−メチル−5−ピリジン−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−3−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−[1,3,4]オキサジアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−[1,3,4]チアジアゾル−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(5−フラン−2−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チオフェン−2−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(5−フラン−3−イル−2−メチル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−[5−(2−メチル−5−チオフェン−3−イル−フェニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ベンズアミド;
N−(5−(2−メトキシ−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−4−メチル−1,2,3−チアジアゾール−5−カルボキサミド;
N−(5−(5−(イソオキサゾル−5−イル)−2−メチルフェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−4−メチル−1,2,3−チアジアゾール−5−カルボキサミド
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(5−(2−メチル−5−(1,3,4−オキサジアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(5−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)ベンズアミド;
N−(5−(2−クロロ−5−(1,3,4−オキサジアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−2−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(チアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(チアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド塩酸塩;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(チアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(1,3,4−オキサジアゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(オキサゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド;
N−(6−(2−クロロ−5−(オキサゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)−2,6−ジフルオロベンズアミド塩酸塩;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
2,6−ジフルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−5−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド塩酸塩;または
4−クロロ−2−フルオロ−N−(6−(2−メチル−5−(オキサゾル−2−イル)フェニル)ピリジン−3−イル)ベンズアミド;
からなる群から選択される請求項1に記載の化合物、
またはこれらの薬学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物。 - 薬学的に許容される担体および請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含み、任意に一種類以上の追加の治療薬を更に含む医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の化合物の有効量を含む、
免疫疾患の治療若しくは予防、
炎症症状の治療若しくは予防、
免疫系の抑制、又は、
アレルギー性疾患の治療若しくは予防のための医薬組成物。 - 請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含む、
細胞内の免疫細胞活性化を阻害するため、
細胞内のサイトカイン産生を阻害するため、
免疫細胞活性化に関与するイオンチャネルを細胞内で調節するため、または、
抗原に反応するT細胞および/若しくはB細胞の増殖を阻害するための医薬組成物。
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-
2007
- 2007-01-31 JP JP2008552512A patent/JP5430944B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-31 PL PL07762655T patent/PL1984338T3/pl unknown
- 2007-01-31 ES ES07762655T patent/ES2403368T3/es active Active
- 2007-01-31 DK DK07762655.4T patent/DK1984338T3/da active
- 2007-01-31 US US11/701,170 patent/US20070254926A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-01-31 AU AU2007211276A patent/AU2007211276B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-01-31 CA CA002640049A patent/CA2640049A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-01-31 WO PCT/US2007/002790 patent/WO2007089904A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-01-31 TW TW096103468A patent/TW200800188A/zh unknown
- 2007-01-31 EP EP07762655.4A patent/EP1984338B8/en active Active
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2010
- 2010-03-29 US US12/749,317 patent/US8710083B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL1984338T3 (pl) | 2013-06-28 |
EP1984338A2 (en) | 2008-10-29 |
JP2009525285A (ja) | 2009-07-09 |
EP1984338A4 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
DK1984338T3 (da) | 2013-04-22 |
TW200800188A (en) | 2008-01-01 |
ES2403368T3 (es) | 2013-05-17 |
AU2007211276B2 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
AU2007211276A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
US8710083B2 (en) | 2014-04-29 |
US20140187586A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
EP1984338B1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
EP1984338B8 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
CA2640049A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
US20100249195A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
US20070254926A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
WO2007089904A2 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
WO2007089904A3 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
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