JP5417251B2 - Photosynthesis panel, photosynthesis rack and plant growing system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a photosynthetic panel, a photosynthetic rack, and a plant growing system, and more particularly to a photosynthetic panel capable of appropriately adjusting the temperature of a plant, a photosynthetic rack using the same, and a plant growing system.

  In recent years, plant factories have been recommended as measures to improve agricultural efficiency. On the other hand, it has been pointed out that plant factories have increased running costs, which account for a large proportion of the electric lighting power costs and air conditioning power costs required for plant growth. As a system to reduce such running cost, it is manufactured with a chiller unit driven by night electricity in a greenhouse formed with a glass wall where a cultivation shelf of a culture tank for hydroponically growing a cultivated plant is installed. Some air-conditioning is locally performed by supplying cold air having a temperature of 22 ° C. and a relative humidity of 95%, which is cooled with cold water stored in a cold state (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-93010 A (paragraph 0030, FIG. 1, etc.)

  However, since the inside of the greenhouse formed of glass walls receives radiant heat from sunlight, even if the outside air temperature is about 33 ° C., the temperature inside the greenhouse becomes extremely high, and a cooling load of about 22 ° C. causes a cooling load. Difficult to handle. On the other hand, when trying to cultivate with artificial light while blocking sunlight, it is difficult to process the cooling load with cold air of about 22 ° C. because the conventional lighting generates a large amount of heat. In either case, the temperature of the supply air will be lowered in order to handle the cooling load, but if the temperature of the supply air is lowered, the absolute humidity in the greenhouse will decrease, causing excessive transpiration of the plant, It becomes difficult to put under temperature suitable for cultivation.

  An object of this invention is to provide the photosynthetic panel which can adjust the temperature of a plant appropriately, a photosynthesis rack using the same, and a plant breeding system in view of the above-mentioned subject.

  In order to achieve the above object, the photosynthetic panel according to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, is configured to radiate between a plant placed in close proximity and having a variable surface temperature. A radiation panel 11 for exchanging heat with the LED; and an LED illumination 16 that is provided on the surface 13 of the radiation panel 11 facing the plant and irradiates light toward the plant.

  If comprised in this way, since the radiation panel which performs heat exchange by radiation with a plant is provided, supply of the low temperature air with low absolute humidity can be avoided, excessive transpiration is suppressed, and the temperature of a plant is controlled. Can be adjusted appropriately. Moreover, since the LED illumination which irradiates light toward a plant is provided, the heat_generation | fever accompanying irradiation can be suppressed and the thermal load of a radiation panel can be reduced.

  Moreover, the photosynthetic rack according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of photosynthetic panels 10 according to the first aspect of the present invention as shown in, for example, FIG. 2; A radiating panel 11 is formed to be hollow and configured to change the surface temperature by flowing a fluid A1 having a temperature adjusted therein; and to support the radiating panel 11; And the support frame 24 communicate with each other.

  If comprised in this way, photosynthesis can be performed efficiently in space-saving.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the plant growing system according to the third aspect of the present invention includes the photosynthetic rack 20 according to the second aspect of the present invention, and an air temperature controller for adjusting the temperature of the air A1. 31; and a temperature-controlled air duct 32 for guiding the air A1 whose temperature has been adjusted by the air temperature controller 31 to the inside of the support frame 24.

  If comprised in this way, it will become possible to adjust the radiant heat from a radiation panel appropriately, and the temperature of a plant can be adjusted to appropriate temperature.

  Moreover, the plant growth system which concerns on the 4th aspect of this invention is an air humidity adjustment which adjusts the humidity of air A2 in the plant growth system 100 which concerns on the said 3rd aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. A humidity control air duct 42 for guiding the air A2 whose humidity has been adjusted by the air humidity controller 41 to the room R where the photosynthetic rack 20 is installed; and carbon dioxide in the room R where the photosynthetic rack 20 is installed And a carbon dioxide supply device 50 for supplying

  If comprised in this way, the environment around a plant can be made appropriate.

  According to the present invention, since a radiation panel that performs heat exchange with plants is provided, it is possible to avoid the supply of low-temperature air having a low absolute humidity, and to suppress excessive transpiration and control the temperature of the plant. Since it can adjust appropriately and is equipped with LED illumination which irradiates light toward a plant, the heat_generation | fever accompanying irradiation can be suppressed and the thermal load of a radiation panel can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the photosynthetic panel which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a plan view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a perspective view. It is a side view of the photosynthesis rack which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the photosynthesis rack which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a fragmentary perspective view, (b) is a fragmentary top view. It is a systematic diagram of the plant cultivation system which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar members are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  First, a photosynthetic panel 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a photosynthetic rack 20 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a schematic configuration of a photosynthetic panel 10, wherein FIG. 1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. 1C is a perspective view. In FIG. 1, for convenience of clarifying the internal structure, a part of the upper right and lower left parts are cut out in the plan view of (a), and a part of the central part is cut out in the perspective view of (c). ing. FIG. 2 is a side view of the photosynthesis rack 20. The photosynthesis rack 20 includes a plurality of photosynthesis panels 10. The photosynthetic panel 10 is typically provided above the plant P and close to the plant P. Here, that the photosynthetic panel 10 is close to the plant P means that the photosynthetic panel 10 is close enough to effectively perform heat exchange by radiation between the photosynthetic panel 10 and the plant P.

  The configuration of the photosynthetic panel 10 will be described first with reference mainly to FIG. The photosynthetic panel 10 includes a radiation panel 11 and an LED illumination 16. The radiant panel 11 is an instrument that processes a heat load around the plant P (see FIG. 2), and a rectangular upper surface plate 12 and a lower surface plate 13 having the same shape as the upper surface plate 12 are arranged in parallel with a gap therebetween. The side plate 14 is provided so as to close the gap between the upper plate 12 and the lower plate 13 at the outer periphery. By being configured in this way, the radiation panel 11 is formed hollow. Furthermore, a flow path forming member 15 that forms a flow path of temperature-controlled air A1, which is air whose temperature is adjusted as a fluid, is provided inside the radiation panel 11. The flow path forming member 15 is an elongated rectangular plate-like member, and its four surrounding sides are in contact with the upper surface plate 12, the lower surface plate 13 and the side surface plate 14 so as to partition the hollow interior of the radiation panel 11. In the present embodiment, the upper surface plate 12 and the lower surface plate 13 are formed in a rectangular shape, and the flow path forming member 15 extends in parallel to the rectangular short side forming the upper surface plate 12 (the lower surface plate 13). (In other words, the long side of the rectangle is divided). Moreover, the upper surface plate 12, the lower surface plate 13, the side surface plate 14, and the flow path forming member 15 are preferably formed of a material having a high thermal conductivity, and are formed of aluminum in the present embodiment.

  The flow path forming member 15 is separated from the rectangular plate of the upper surface plate 12 by separating the two flow path forming members 15 so that a groove flow path 11d is formed between the two flow path forming members 15. Arranged inside. Furthermore, a plurality of flow path forming members 15 are provided so that a plurality of groove flow paths 11d are formed. A hollow portion 11b is formed between adjacent groove channels 11d. The width of the groove channel 11d is formed so that a turbulent boundary layer is formed when the temperature-controlled air A1 flows through the groove channel 11d (for example, the air flow rate is about 5 m / s). Preferably, in the present embodiment, the radiation panel 11 is formed to have the same thickness as that of the upper panel 12 and the lower panel 13. The width of the hollow portion 11b is formed wider than the width of the groove channel 11d, and the hollow portion 11b is formed by heat conduction from the temperature-controlled air A1 when the temperature-controlled air A1 flows through the groove channel 11d. It is preferable to make the temperature of the bottom plate 13 as wide as possible within a range where the intended temperature can be achieved. The width of the hollow portion 11b is preferably 2 to 6 times, more preferably 3 to 5 times the width of the groove channel 11d, and is formed 4 times in the present embodiment.

  The upper surface plate 12 is formed with a vent hole 12h above each groove channel 11d and adjacent to each of two rectangular longitudinal sides of the upper surface plate 12. In other words, the row of the vent holes 12h is formed close to one side and the other side of the upper plate 12 in the longitudinal direction of the rectangle. With this configuration, the air holes 12h are formed at both ends of the groove channel 11d, and the temperature-controlled air A1 is introduced into the groove channel 11d from one of the air holes 12h, and the other. Temperature-controlled air A1 can be derived from the vent hole 12h.

  The LED illumination 16 is an instrument for supplying light necessary for growing the plant P (see FIG. 2). By using the LED illumination 16, it is possible to reduce the cooling load caused by heat generation as compared with a conventional lighting fixture such as a fluorescent lamp or an incandescent lamp. Moreover, since the LED illumination 16 has low power consumption, the running cost can be reduced. The LED illumination 16 has a width slightly shorter than the distance between adjacent groove channels 11d and a length slightly shorter than the distance between the vent holes 12h formed at both ends of the groove channel 11d. It is formed in a rectangular shape and is attached to a lower surface plate 13 that is the back side of the hollow portion 11b. It is preferable that the LED illumination 16 is provided not on the back side of the groove channel 11d but on the back side of the hollow part 11b because the LED illumination 16 is less affected by the heat of the temperature-controlled air A1 flowing through the groove channel 11d. A plurality of LED illuminations 16 are provided at intervals within a range in which necessary light can be supplied to the plant P (see FIG. 2). In the present embodiment, the hollow portion 11b defined by the groove channel 11d is provided at a predetermined interval in the long side direction of the rectangle of the lower surface plate 13 at a ratio of one.

  The photosynthetic panel 10 further includes a placement piece 18 for placing the radiation panel 11 to which the LED illumination 16 is attached on a rack. The placing piece 18 is a member having an L-shaped side view formed by bending a rectangular plate-like member along the long side near the center of both short sides. The mounting piece 18 has one surface with an L-shaped cross section extending in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface plate 12 and away from the lower surface plate 13, and the remaining surface with the L-shaped cross section extending outside the radiation panel 11. The rectangular radiation panel 11 is attached to the side plate 14 on the short side. The length of the mounting piece 18 is shorter than the distance between the vent holes 12h at both ends of the groove channel 11d, and may be formed to be approximately the same as the length of the LED illumination 16.

  Next, the configuration of the photosynthetic rack 20 will be described mainly with reference to FIG. In the description of the photosynthetic rack 20, when referring to the above-described photosynthetic panel 10 and each member constituting the panel, FIG. 1 will be referred to as appropriate. The photosynthesis rack 20 includes a plurality of the above-described photosynthesis panels 10, and also includes a horizontal frame 21, a horizontal frame 22, and an eaves frame 23 as support frames 24. The horizontal frame 21, the horizontal frame 22, and the heel frame 23 are collectively referred to as a support frame 24. The support frame 24 is formed hollow so that the temperature-controlled air A1 can flow inside, and in this embodiment, a square steel material having a square cross section is used. The eaves frame 23 extends in the vertical direction, the horizontal frame 21 extends horizontally between the two eaves frames 23, and the horizontal frame 22 extends horizontally perpendicular to the horizontal frame 21. The horizontal frame 21 is formed longer than the length of the long side of the rectangular radiant panel 11 by the amount of connection allowance to the heel frame 23. When both ends of the horizontal frame 22 are connected to the saddle frame 23, the distance between the surfaces of the saddle frames 23 at both ends is smaller than the distance between the innermost portions of the vent holes 12h at both ends of the groove channel 11d. Is formed. The horizontal frame 21 and the horizontal frame 22 are provided in a plurality with a space with respect to the single frame 23, and this space becomes the space of the light combining panel 10.

  Here, the configuration of the photosynthesis rack 20 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a schematic configuration of the photosynthesis rack 20, in which FIG. 3A is a partial perspective view, and FIG. 3B is a partial plan view. In FIG. 3, for convenience of explanation of the internal structure, components are appropriately omitted. A horizontal opening 23h that communicates with the inside of the horizontal frame 21 is appropriately formed on the side surface of the heel frame 23 at a position where the horizontal frame 21 is connected. A lateral opening 23s that communicates is appropriately formed. The meaning of “appropriately” for forming the horizontal opening 23h and the horizontal opening 23s will be described later. The horizontal frame 21 faces downward when assembled, and corresponds to the air holes 12h formed in the upper surface plate 12 of the radiation panel 11, so that the temperature-controlled air A1 is between the horizontal frame 21 and the groove channel 11d. A plurality of communication small holes 21h that enable distribution are formed along the longitudinal direction.

  The photosynthetic rack 20 is assembled as follows. First, the horizontal frame 22 is attached to the heel frame 23. The photosynthetic panel 10 is supported by the horizontal frame 22 so that the mounting piece 18 is mounted on the horizontal frame 22. When the photosynthetic panel 10 is installed, the horizontal frame 21 is assembled into the eaves frame 23. At this time, the horizontal frame 21 is brought into close contact with the upper surface plate 12 at a position where the vent hole 12h of the photosynthetic panel 10 and the communication small hole 21h of the horizontal frame 21 communicate with each other.

  The assembled photosynthesis rack 20 is appropriately formed with a horizontal opening 23h and a horizontal opening 23s so that the temperature-controlled air A1 flows evenly through the inside of the support frame 24 and the groove flow path 11d of the photosynthesis panel 10. In the present embodiment, in order to avoid the temperature-controlled air A1 flowing in from one end of the horizontal frame 21 from flowing out from the other end without entering the groove channel 11d, one horizontal A horizontal opening 23 h is formed on the frame 21 so that one end communicates with the heel frame 23 and the other end does not communicate. Further, the horizontal frame 21 adjacent to the horizontal frame 21 is formed with a horizontal opening 23h so that one end thereof does not communicate with the heel frame 23 but the other end communicates therewith. That is, the horizontal openings 23h that communicate with the flange frames 23 of the adjacent horizontal frames 21 are alternately formed. Further, at the position where the alternately formed horizontal openings 23 h meet the lateral openings 23 s, the inside of the bag frame 23 is blocked so that the temperature-controlled air A <b> 1 does not flow into the bag frame 23. Note that the method of forming the horizontal openings 23h and the horizontal openings 23s described here is merely an example, and the temperature-controlled air A1 may be distributed evenly inside the groove flow path 11d of the photosynthetic panel 10. .

  With continued reference to FIG. 4, a plant growing system 100 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a system diagram of the plant growing system 100. In the following description, when referring to the configuration of the photosynthetic panel 10 and the photosynthetic rack 20, reference is made to FIGS. 1 to 3 as appropriate. The plant growing system 100 includes the above-described photosynthetic rack 20, a panel air conditioner 31 as an air temperature adjuster that adjusts the temperature of the conditioned air A <b> 1 supplied to the photosynthetic rack 20, Air humidity that adjusts the humidity and other conditions of the panel air supply duct 32 that guides the hot air A1 and the humidity control air A2 that is the air supplied to the cultivation room R in which the photosynthetic rack 20 is installed An indoor air conditioner 41 as a regulator, an indoor air supply duct 42 as a humidity control air duct that guides the humidity control air A2 from the indoor air conditioner 41 into the cultivation room R, and carbon dioxide that supplies carbon dioxide into the cultivation room R A gas supply device 50 and a control device 60 are provided.

  The plant factory F in which the plant growing system 100 according to the present embodiment is installed has a cultivation room R in which the plant P is cultivated and a machine room M in which main equipment constituting the plant growing system 100 is installed. doing. The cultivation room R has a roof and an outer wall through which sunlight is not transmitted, from the viewpoint of suppressing a temperature rise due to solar radiant heat. Note that a lighting window may be formed on the outer wall. The photosynthetic racks 20 are installed in the cultivation room R in an arrangement according to the manager's request. The panel air conditioner 31, the indoor air conditioner 41, and the carbon dioxide supply device 50 are installed in the machine room M. The machine room M is provided with an outside air louver 45 for taking in outside air OA.

  The panel air conditioner 31 is an air handling unit in the present embodiment, and has a coil 31c for cooling or heating the temperature-controlled air A1. The coil 31c is connected to a cold / hot water outgoing pipe 35 for introducing cold water or hot water (hereinafter referred to as “cold / warm water”) and a cold / hot water return pipe 36 for extracting the cold / hot water. The cold / hot water outgoing pipe 35 and the cold / hot water return pipe 36 are connected to a heat source device (not shown) for adjusting the temperature of the cold / hot water. The cold / hot water outgoing pipe 35 is provided with a cold / hot water adjustment valve 63 for adjusting the flow rate of the cold / hot water flowing into the coil 31c. As the cold / hot water control valve 63, an electric two-way valve is typically used. The panel air conditioner 31 is connected to a panel air supply duct 32 for flowing the temperature-controlled air A1 whose temperature is adjusted, and a panel return air duct 33 for introducing the temperature-controlled air A1 whose temperature is to be adjusted.

  The panel air supply duct 32 passes through a wall W that partitions the machine room M and the cultivation room R, and is disposed so as to extend in the cultivation room R. In the cultivation room R, the panel air supply duct 32 has a structure in which branch ducts (panel air supply branch ducts) 32 b are branched according to the number of photosynthetic racks 20. The panel air supply branch duct 32 b is connected to the end of the corner frame 23 in the plan view of the photosynthetic rack 20. A panel return air duct 33b is connected to an end of the eaves frame 23 located at the opposite corner of the corner to which the panel air supply branch duct 32b is connected in plan view of the photosynthetic rack 20. The panel return air branch duct 33b is provided in a number corresponding to the panel air supply branch duct 32b. Each panel return air branch duct 33 b is connected to the panel return air duct 33, and the temperature-controlled air A <b> 1 flowing through each panel return air branch duct 33 b joins in the panel return air duct 33. The panel return air duct 33 extends through the wall W into the machine room M and is connected to the panel air conditioner 31 in the machine room M. The ducts 32, 32b, 33, 33b around the photosynthetic rack 20 may be provided so as to constitute a reverse pattern.

  The indoor air conditioner 41 is an air handling unit in the present embodiment, and has a coil (not shown) and a heater (not shown) so that the humidity-controlled air A2 can be cooled and dehumidified and heated (reheated). . The humidity-controlled air A2 is mainly air whose humidity is adjusted, but is air whose temperature is appropriately adjusted. Connected to the indoor air conditioner 41 are an indoor air supply duct 42 through which humidity-controlled air A2 whose humidity is adjusted and an introduction duct 46 which introduces air ROA whose humidity is to be adjusted. At the other end of the introduction duct 46, an indoor return air duct 43 for flowing the return air RA from the cultivation room R toward the indoor air conditioner 41 and an outside air duct 44 for introducing the outside air OA taken from the outside air gallery 45. And are connected. The other end of the indoor return air duct 43 is connected to the air control port 47 installed on the wall W. The introduction duct 46 may be omitted, and the indoor return air duct 43 and the outside air duct 44 may be individually connected to the mixing chamber of the indoor air conditioner 41.

  A filter 41 f that cleans the conditioned air A <b> 2 is provided upstream of the connection port of the indoor air supply duct 42 of the indoor air conditioner 41. The filter 41f should just use the filter according to the cleanliness calculated | required by the cultivation room R, and the HEPA filter is used in this Embodiment. The indoor air supply duct 42 passes through a wall W that partitions the machine room M and the cultivation room R, and is disposed so as to extend in the cultivation room R. The indoor air supply duct 42 has a configuration in which a branch duct (indoor air supply branch duct) 42b is branched so that the humidity-controlled air A2 can be appropriately diffused into the cultivation room R. The indoor air supply branch duct 42b is disposed from the viewpoint of diffusing the humidity-controlled air A2 to such an extent that the moisture around the plant P does not become too low. In the present embodiment, the opening is expanded above the center of each photosynthetic rack 20. Configured to state.

  The carbon dioxide supply device 50 stores a mixing tank 51 that mixes air and carbon dioxide to dilute the carbon dioxide, a blower 55 that press-fits air into the mixing tank 51, and a carbon dioxide introduced into the mixing tank 51. And a carbon dioxide gas cylinder 56. The air that is press-fitted into the mixing tank 51 is introduced through a mixing duct 48 laid in the machine room M, and the mixing duct 48 is connected to the indoor air supply duct 42 to control humidity. A part of A <b> 2 is configured to be introduced into the mixing tank 51. The blower 55 is disposed in the mixing duct 48. The mixing tank 51 and the carbon dioxide cylinder 56 are connected by a connecting pipe 56t provided with a pressure control valve 56v. By providing the pressure control valve 56v, a predetermined amount of carbon dioxide gas corresponding to the internal pressure of the mixing tank 51 accompanying a change in the rotational speed of the impeller of the blower 55 is introduced into the mixing tank 51. Yes.

  The mixing tank 51 is connected to a mixed air supply duct 52 that conveys the carbon dioxide-containing air AG. The mixed air supply duct 52 is provided with an on-off valve 65 that opens and closes the flow path of the carbon dioxide-containing air AG flowing therethrough. As the on-off valve 65, a solenoid valve is typically used. The mixed air supply duct 52 extends through the wall W through the cultivation room R, and supplies carbon dioxide-containing air AG to each of the plants P facing the plurality of photosynthetic panels 10 of each photosynthetic rack 20. Branches appropriately. In the vicinity of the photosynthetic rack 20, a plant temperature sensor 62 for measuring the temperature of the plant P and a concentration sensor 64 for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration around the plant P are installed. As the plant temperature sensor 62, an infrared sensor is typically used. One or more plant temperature sensors 62 may be installed so that the temperature of the plant P picked up as appropriate is measured as a representative. Similarly, one or a plurality of concentration sensors 64 may be provided so as to measure the carbon dioxide concentration around the plant P appropriately picked up as a representative. The plant temperature sensor 62 and the concentration sensor 64 do not have to be installed in pairs, and the installation position may be determined from a unique point of view so that each function can be exhibited.

  The control device 60 controls the operation of the plant growing system 100. The control device 60 is connected to the plant temperature sensor 62 and the concentration sensor 64 through signal cables, and is configured to receive a temperature signal from the plant temperature sensor 62 and a concentration signal from the concentration sensor 64, respectively. ing. Further, the control device 60 is connected to the panel air conditioner 31 and the cold / hot water control valve 63 through a signal cable, and the temperature control air is based on the start / stop of the panel air conditioner 31 or the temperature signal received from the plant temperature sensor 62. The opening degree of the cold / hot water control valve 63 can be adjusted so that A1 becomes the intended temperature. The control device 60 is connected to the indoor air conditioner 41 with a signal cable, and is configured to be able to adjust the temperature and humidity of the humidity control air A2. The control device 60 is connected to the blower 55 with a signal cable, and is configured to control the start and stop of the blower 55. The control device 60 is connected to the on-off valve 65 through a signal cable, and maintains the carbon dioxide concentration around the plant P within a predetermined range suitable for growing the plant P based on the concentration signal received from the concentration sensor 64. Therefore, the opening / closing of the opening / closing valve 65 can be controlled.

  With continued reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, the operation of the photosynthetic panel 10, the photosynthetic rack 20, and the plant growing system 100 will be described. The operation of the photosynthetic panel 10 and the photosynthetic rack 20 will be described as part of the description of the operation of the plant growing system 100. First, focusing on the plant growing system 100 with reference mainly to FIG. 4, the panel air conditioner 31 is activated by a command from the control device 60. Thereby, the temperature-controlled air A1 is derived from the panel air conditioner 31. In addition, cold / hot water whose temperature is adjusted by a heat source device (not shown) circulates between the coil 31c through the cold / hot water outgoing pipe 35 and the cold / hot water return pipe 36, and the conditioned air A1 passes through the coil 31c. Thus, the temperature of the conditioned air A1 is adjusted to a temperature suitable for growing the plant P. The temperature-controlled air A1 whose temperature has been adjusted by the panel air conditioner 31 is introduced into the photosynthetic rack 20 via the panel air supply duct 32 and the panel air supply branch duct 32b.

  Focusing on the photosynthetic rack 20 mainly with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the temperature-controlled air A1 flowing through the panel air supply branch duct 32b is the end of the soot frame 23 connected to the panel air supply branch duct 32b. Flows into the heel frame 23. The temperature-controlled air A <b> 1 flowing through the eaves frame 23 flows into the horizontal frame 21 via the horizontal frame 22 or directly into the horizontal frame 21 from the eaves frame 23. The temperature-controlled air A1 flowing through the horizontal frame 21 flows into one end of the plurality of groove flow paths 11d of the photosynthetic panel 10 through the communication small holes 21h and the vent holes 12h. The temperature-controlled air A1 that has flowed into one end of the groove channel 11d flows toward the other end of the groove channel 11d. At this time, the heat of the conditioned air A1 is transmitted to the radiant panel 11, and the temperatures of the radiant panel 11 and the conditioned air A1 approach each other. At this time, since the flow rate of the temperature-controlled air A1 flowing through the groove flow path 11d is approximately 5 m / s (a turbulent boundary layer is formed), the temperature-controlled air A1 and the radiation panel 11 The interstitial film is destroyed and the amount of heat transferred can be increased. The heat transmitted from the temperature-controlled air A1 to the radiation panel 11 is further conducted through the lower surface plate 13 and is transmitted from the groove channel 11d portion to the hollow portion 11b portion, and the radiation panel 11 has a substantially uniform temperature. In this way, the surface temperature of the radiation panel 11 changes. And the radiation panel 11 from which the surface temperature changed performs heat exchange by radiation between the plants P facing downward.

  In general, plant growth requires photosynthesis, respiration, cell division and elongation, and moderate transpiration, and it is said that moisture absorption, nutrient uptake, and leaf cooling are performed by moderate transpiration. . Photosynthesis is affected by temperature, carbon dioxide, and light. Respiration and cell division and elongation are affected by temperature and photosynthesis. The uptake of moisture and nutrients is affected by the above-ground and root temperatures and air humidity. In addition, uptake of water and nutrients affects cell division and elongation. Of these influencing factors, the temperature is preferably about 18 ° C. to 33 ° C. for photosynthesis. Further, this temperature range does not hinder the action for breeding such as breathing. In the present embodiment, the temperature of the radiation panel 11 is adjusted by flowing the temperature-controlled air A1 through the groove channel 11d, and heat exchange by radiation is performed between the radiation panel 11 and the plant P. Therefore, the radiation panel 11 Will perform sensible heat treatment. And adjustment of the humidity in the cultivation room R which influences the growth of the plant P is performed by the humidity control air A2 in the system of the indoor air conditioner 41. As described above, since the sensible heat process and the latent heat process are performed separately, optimal control can be performed for each of them. Thereby, the excessive transpiration of the plant P which may generate | occur | produce in the case of a convection air-conditioning system can be suppressed.

  While performing radiant heat exchange between the radiation panel 11 and the plant P as described above, the LED illumination 16 emits light that affects the growth of the plant P. Since the LED illumination 16 generates a small amount of heat, the heat loss can be small even when the radiation panel 11 is cooled by the temperature-controlled air A1. Further, the LED illumination 16 has little influence on the temperature even if the light amount is increased or decreased as necessary. In addition, since the LED illumination 16 can easily adjust the intensity and wavelength of light, it is possible to construct an appropriate LED illumination 16 according to the type of the plant P. Since the LED illumination 16 is also performed separately from the sensible heat treatment and the latent heat treatment, the LED illumination 16 can be adjusted to an optimum state for the LED illumination 16.

  The temperature-controlled air A1 that has flowed through the groove channel 11d of the radiant panel 11 flows into the horizontal frame 21 via the vent hole 12h and the communication small hole 21h at the other end of the groove channel 11d. The temperature-controlled air A1 that has flowed into the horizontal frame 21 flows through the horizontal frame 22 as appropriate into the soot frame 23 to which the panel return air duct 33b is connected.

  The description will be continued with reference again mainly to FIG. The temperature-controlled air A <b> 1 that has flowed into the eaves frame 23 then flows into the panel air conditioner 31 again via the panel return air branch duct 33 b and the panel return air duct 33. The temperature-controlled air A1 that has flowed into the panel air conditioner 31 is adjusted in temperature when passing through the coil 31c, is reintroduced into the radiation panel 11 as described above, and is used as a heat medium for radiant heat exchange with the plant P. Provided. In this way, the conditioned air A1 circulates between the panel air conditioner 31 and the radiant panel 11, so that the radiant heat exchange between the radiant panel 11 and the plant P can be continuously performed. When the temperature-controlled air A1 is circulated, the control device 60 receives a temperature signal from the plant temperature sensor 62 at any time, and the cold / hot water control valve so that the temperature detected by the plant temperature sensor 62 becomes a preset temperature. Adjust the opening of 63. Note that the preset temperature may vary.

  In parallel with the operation of the panel air conditioner 31 described above, the indoor air conditioner 41 is also operated. When the operation of the indoor air conditioner 41 is started by a command from the control device 60, the outside air OA is introduced into the introduction duct 46 via the outside air duct 44, and the return air RA from the cultivation room R is returned to the room. It is introduced via the air duct 43. The outside air OA and the return air RA introduced into the introduction duct 46 are mixed into air ROA and introduced into the indoor air conditioner 41. The humidity control air A2 introduced into the indoor air conditioner 41 is adjusted to an appropriate humidity so that the atmosphere around the plant P is appropriately evaporated by the plant P, and the temperature becomes the target temperature of the radiation panel 11. Adjusted to be. The humidity-controlled air A <b> 2 whose humidity and temperature are adjusted by the indoor air conditioner 41 is supplied around the plant P through the indoor air supply duct 42. In the plant growing system 100, since the radiation panel 11 is responsible for the sensible heat treatment, the temperature of the humidity-controlled air A2 can be set to the target temperature of the radiation panel 11, and the saturated air at the target set temperature of the radiation panel 11 around the plant P. It becomes possible to adjust the surroundings of the plant P to any relative humidity. In other words, it is possible to adjust the humidity at which the plant P performs appropriate transpiration regardless of the external environment.

  In parallel with the operation of the panel air conditioner 31 and the indoor air conditioner 41 described above, the operation of the carbon dioxide supply device 50 is also performed. The control device 60 receives the concentration signal from the concentration sensor 64 at any time, and when the detected carbon dioxide concentration reaches the lower limit of the preset concentration, starts the blower 55 and opens the on-off valve 65. When the blower 55 is activated, part of the humidity-controlled air A2 flowing through the indoor air supply duct 42 is introduced into the mixing tank 51 via the mixing duct 48. At this time, carbon dioxide is also introduced into the mixing tank 51 from the carbon dioxide cylinder 56. In the mixing tank 51, carbon dioxide gas is mixed into the humidity-controlled air A2 and becomes carbon dioxide-containing air AG. The carbon dioxide-containing air AG is supplied around the plant P through the mixed air supply duct 52 because the on-off valve 65 is open. In this way, carbon dioxide that affects the growth of the plant P is replenished. The control device 60 stops the blower 55 and closes the on-off valve 65 when the concentration detected by the concentration sensor 64 reaches the upper limit of the concentration set in advance.

  As described above, in the plant growing system 100, the environment around the plant P can be adjusted to a temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration suitable for growing the plant P without excessively transpiration of the plant P. . Furthermore, since the temperature control of the plant P is performed by radiant heat exchange using the radiant panel 11, it is not necessary to take a large temperature difference with respect to the target temperature of the conditioned air A1 as the heat medium and the target temperature of the cold / hot water. Energy saving and cost saving can be achieved, and mild temperature adjustment can be performed while avoiding sudden temperature changes.

  In the above description, the fluid circulated inside the radiation panel 11 is air, but it may be liquid. That is, any fluid that can be used as a heat medium for changing the surface temperature of the radiation panel 11 may be used. However, when air or other gas is used, the configuration can be simplified because it is not necessary to take measures against leakage. Moreover, the cost of a heat medium can be reduced by making a fluid into air.

  In the above description, the ventilation holes 12h are formed in the upper surface plate 12. However, both or one of the ventilation holes 12h formed at both ends with respect to one groove channel 11d is formed in the lower surface plate 13. May be. That is, it is only necessary that the vent holes 12h be formed at both ends of the single groove channel 11d so that the flow of the temperature-controlled air A1 can be created in the groove channel 11d.

  In the above description, the carbon dioxide-containing air AG is supplied into the cultivation room R through the mixed air supply duct 52, but the mixed air supply duct 52 is located downstream of the connecting portion with the mixing duct 46. Then, it is connected to the indoor air supply duct 42, and the carbon dioxide-containing air AG may be mixed with the conditioned air A2 and supplied into the cultivation room R. However, if the carbon dioxide-containing air AG is directly supplied around the plant P by the mixed air supply duct 52, the atmosphere around the plant P can be made higher than the average in the cultivation room R, which is preferable. It is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Photosynthesis panel 11 Radiation panel 13 Bottom plate 16 LED illumination 20 Photosynthesis rack 24 Support frame 31 Panel air conditioner 32 Panel air supply duct 41 Indoor air conditioner 42 Indoor air supply duct 50 Carbon dioxide supply device 100 Plant growth system A1 Temperature control air A2 Humidity control air P Plant R Cultivation room

Claims (4)

A radiation panel having a variable surface temperature and exchanging heat with a plant placed in close proximity;
LED lighting provided on the surface of the radiation panel facing the plant and irradiating light toward the plant;
Photosynthesis panel. A plurality of photosynthetic panels according to claim 1;
A hollow support frame for supporting the plurality of photosynthetic panels at an interval in the vertical direction;
The radiation panel is formed to be hollow and configured to change the surface temperature by circulating a fluid whose temperature is adjusted inside;
The inside of the radiation panel and the inside of the support frame are configured to communicate with each other;
Photosynthesis rack. A photosynthetic rack according to claim 2;
An air temperature controller for adjusting the temperature of the air;
A temperature control air duct for guiding the air whose temperature is adjusted by the air temperature controller to the inside of the support frame;
Plant breeding system. An air humidity controller for adjusting the humidity of the air;
A humidity control air duct for guiding the air whose humidity is adjusted by the air humidity controller to the room where the photosynthetic rack is installed;
A carbon dioxide supply device for supplying carbon dioxide into a room in which the photosynthetic rack is installed;
The plant cultivation system according to claim 3.

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