JP5409598B2 - 高温・高圧に保持された反応器内部からの内容物の抽出方法、および炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム - Google Patents
高温・高圧に保持された反応器内部からの内容物の抽出方法、および炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2008年3月14日に出願された特願2008−66155について優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
複数の抽出手段を、合成反応器の高さ方向に離間させて設置すれば、内容物に含まれる製品(炭化水素化合物)の合成反応器内における高さ方向の炭素数分布、スラリーと合成ガスとの反応状況の合成反応器内における高さ方向の分布、およびスラリーの合成反応器内における高さ方向の濃度分布を調べることができる。
複数の抽出手段を、合成反応器の周方向に離間させて設置すれば、内容物に含まれる製品の合成反応器内における周方向の炭素数分布、スラリーと合成ガスとの反応状況の合成反応器内における周方向の分布、およびスラリーの合成反応器内における周方向の濃度分布を調べることができる。
主配管に定量部を設けることにより、定量部に確保された所定量の内容物が抽出容器に抽出されるので、必要な量の内容物を抽出容器に抽出することができる。
前記所定の角度の大きさは、そのような内容物に含まれる触媒粒子の安息角以上、例えば45度以上であることが好ましい。安息角とは、内容物が自発的に安定を保つ角度である。定量部を安息角よりも大きく傾斜させることにより、内容物を定量部から抽出容器にスムーズに流れ込ませることができる。
30…気泡塔型反応器(気泡塔型炭化水素合成反応器)、
42…抽出装置(抽出手段)、
43…抽出容器、
44…貯留槽、
45…主配管、
46…不活性ガス供給部、
47…ガス抜き管、
48…抽出管、
49…三方弁、
90…定量部、
θ…傾斜角
図1に示すように、本実施形態にかかる液体燃料合成システム(炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム)1は、天然ガス等の炭化水素原料を液体燃料に転換するGTLプロセスを実行するプラント設備である。この液体燃料合成システム1は、合成ガス生成ユニット3と、FT合成ユニット5と、製品精製ユニット7とから構成される。合成ガス生成ユニット3は、炭化水素原料である天然ガスを改質して一酸化炭素ガスと水素ガスを含む合成ガスを生成する。FT合成ユニット5は、生成された合成ガスからフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応(以下、「FT合成反応」という)により液体炭化水素を生成する。製品精製ユニット7は、FT合成反応により生成された液体炭化水素を水素化・精製して液体燃料製品(ナフサ、灯油、軽油、ワックス等)を製造する。以下、これら各ユニットの構成要素について説明する。
CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2 ・・・(2)
このようにしてディストリビュータ84からスラリー82中に吹き込まれた合成ガスは、気泡828となってスラリー82中を反応器本体80の高さ方向に下方から上方へ向かって流れる。その過程で、合成ガスは液体炭化水素822中に溶解し、触媒粒子824と接触する接触反応により、液体炭化水素の合成反応(FT合成反応)が行われる。具体的には、下記化学反応式(3)に示すように水素ガスと一酸化炭素ガスとが合成反応を起こす。
当初、二方弁V1からV7はすべて閉じられており、三方弁49は貯留槽44側に開放している。そこで、気泡塔型反応器30の運転中、二方弁V2,V3を開いたうえで二方弁V1を徐々に開くと、スラリーと原料ガスとが混合した内容物が、主配管45を通じて貯留槽44に流れ込む。主配管45の内部空間が内容物で満たされたら、二方弁V1を閉じ、三方弁49を抽出容器43側に切り替える。このとき、二方弁V7は閉状態を維持する。続いて、二方弁V6を僅かに開き、ガス抜き管47を通じて内容物に含まれる不要なガスを主配管45から系外に排出する。これにより、内容物に含まれる可燃性ガスや有毒ガスなどの不要なガスを、主配管45に分け取った内容物から安全に除去することができる。
本実施形態の気泡塔型反応器30には、抽出装置42が複数設けられている。これら複数の抽出装置42Aから42Dは、気泡塔型反応器30に、同反応器の高さ方向に等間隔に離間して設置されている。抽出装置42Aから42Dの構造は、いずれも上記第一の実施形態において説明したものと同じである。ただし、貯留槽44はひとつであるため、各抽出装置42Aから42Dの主配管45は、貯留槽44側で1本に併合されており、この併合された部分に、各抽出装置42Aから42Dに共有される二方弁V2がひとつ設けられている。また、不活性ガス供給源46Aもひとつであるため、各抽出装置42Aから42Dの不活性ガス供給管46Bは不活性ガス供給源46A側で1本に併合されており、この併合された部分に、各抽出装置42Aから42Dに共有される二方弁V5がひとつ設けられている。なお、図5においては、各抽出装置42Aから42Dに設けられる定量部90を省略してある。
当初、各抽出装置42Aから42Dにおいて、二方弁V1からV7はすべて閉じられており、三方弁49は貯留槽44側に開放している。そこで、気泡塔型反応器30の運転中、各抽出装置42Aから42Dにおいて、二方弁V2,V3を開いたうえで二方弁V1を徐々に開くと、スラリーと原料ガスとが混合した内容物が、主配管45を通じて貯留槽44に流れ込む。各抽出装置42Aから42Dにおいて、主配管45の内部空間が内容物で満たされたら、二方弁V1を閉じ、三方弁49を抽出容器43側に切り替える。このとき、二方弁V7は閉状態を維持する。続いて、各抽出装置42Aから42Dにおいて、二方弁V6を僅かに開き、ガス抜き管47を通じて内容物に含まれる不要なガスを主配管45から系外に排出する。
本発明によれば、スラリーと合成ガスとが混合した内容物を、合成反応器から安全かつ正確に抽出することができる。
Claims (9)
- 高温・高圧に保たれた反応器内部からの内容物の抽出方法であって、
反応器の内容物を、同反応器に連通する内部空間を有する配管に導入する工程と、
前記配管を閉じて前記内部空間に内容物を封入する工程と、
前記内部空間から不要なガスを除去する工程と、
前記内部空間に不活性ガスを供給して同内部空間に封入された内容物を不活性ガスで置換する工程と
を備え、
前記内部空間に封入された内容物を不活性ガスで置換することにより、前記内部空間から前記内容物が排出される内容物の抽出方法。 - 前記反応器が、水素及び一酸化炭素を主成分とする合成ガスと液体中に固体の触媒粒子を懸濁させてなるスラリーとの化学反応によって炭化水素化合物を合成する合成反応器である請求項1に記載の内容物の抽出方法。
- 水素及び一酸化炭素を主成分とする合成ガスと、液体中に固体の触媒粒子を懸濁させてなるスラリーとの化学反応によって炭化水素化合物を合成する合成反応器と、前記合成ガスと前記スラリーとが混合した内容物を前記合成反応器から抽出する抽出手段と、前記合成反応器から抽出された内容物の残りを貯留する貯留槽とを備え、
前記抽出手段は、
前記合成反応器と前記貯留槽との間に介在し、前記合成反応器に連通する内部空間を有し、前記合成反応器から導入された前記内容物が前記内部空間に封入される主配管と、
前記内部空間に不活性ガスを供給する不活性ガス供給部と、
前記不活性ガス供給部との接続点よりも下流側の前記主配管の前記内部空間から不要なガスを除去するガス抜き管と、
前記内部空間に封入された反応器の内容物を、前記ガス抜き管との接続点よりも下流側の前記主配管から抽出容器に排出する抽出管と、
前記主配管と前記抽出管との接続点に設けられ、前記内部空間に封入された前記内容物の送出先を、前記貯留槽または前記抽出容器のいずれか一方に切り替える三方弁と
を備える炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム。 - 前記抽出手段が、前記合成反応器に、同反応器の高さ方向に離間して複数設置されている請求項3に記載の炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム。
- 前記抽出手段が、前記合成反応器に、同反応器の周方向に離間して複数設置されている請求項3に記載の炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム。
- 前記主配管に、所定量の前記内容物を確保する定量部が設けられている請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム。
- 前記定量部は、内部空間の容量が前記所定量にほぼ等しい管状をなし、水平面に対して所定の角度で傾斜するように設置されている請求項6に記載の炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム。
- 前記所定の角度の大きさが、前記触媒粒子の安息角以上である請求項7に記載の炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム。
- 前記定量部の上面が平面状に形成されている請求項7に記載の炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム。
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JP2010502873A JP5409598B2 (ja) | 2008-03-14 | 2009-03-12 | 高温・高圧に保持された反応器内部からの内容物の抽出方法、および炭化水素化合物の合成反応システム |
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EP2840061B1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2021-09-15 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Hydrogen generation device and fuel cell system |
CN103822800B (zh) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-06-22 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种高温高压缝隙杂质实时取样装置 |
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- 2009-03-12 WO PCT/JP2009/054788 patent/WO2009113625A1/ja active Application Filing
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US3653265A (en) * | 1970-09-11 | 1972-04-04 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Catalyst sampling apparatus |
JPS562839A (en) * | 1979-05-17 | 1981-01-13 | Ducon Co | Method and device for controlling discharge of solid grain from pressure vessel |
JP2001318033A (ja) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-16 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 固体粒子サンプリング装置 |
US6592827B1 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2003-07-15 | Univation Technologies Llc | Sampling system for fluidized bed gas phase polymerization reaction systems |
US20060272986A1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2006-12-07 | Sasol Technology (Proprietary) Limited | Method of quenching a slurry |
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CN101970607B (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
EP2258813A4 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
BRPI0909146A2 (pt) | 2015-08-04 |
CN101970607A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
US20110039957A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
CA2718082A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
MY158534A (en) | 2016-10-14 |
JPWO2009113625A1 (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
EA017242B1 (ru) | 2012-10-30 |
EP2258813A1 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
BRPI0909146B1 (pt) | 2018-01-23 |
ZA201006653B (en) | 2011-12-28 |
AU2009224266A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
US8398340B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
EP2258813A8 (en) | 2011-09-14 |
AU2009224266B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
EA201071018A1 (ru) | 2011-04-29 |
WO2009113625A1 (ja) | 2009-09-17 |
CA2718082C (en) | 2013-09-17 |
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