JP5473364B2 - Flare tip - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a flare chip that is a flare gas burning portion of a flare stack used for safe incineration of combustible gas discharged from oil, gas mining, chemical plants, and the like and environmental conservation.

  The combustible gas discharged from the plant or the like is naturally diffused and burned in the atmosphere by a flare stack, detoxified, and diffused into the atmosphere. A pilot burner is always burned as an ignition source for incineration of the combustible gas with a flare tip attached to the tip of this flare stack. Conventionally, in order to ensure the reliability of continued combustion as an ignition source The special fuel is sent to the pilot burner. In other words, it was essential to install a fuel gas supply line dedicated to the pilot burner with stable pressure and heat generation. This is the figure on page 104 of “Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems” of “API Recommended Practice 521” published by the American Petroleum Institute. D. 3-In the explanatory view of a typical flare apparatus, a pipe dedicated for fuel gas to the pilot and ignition is provided for the flare stack. This document is widely used as a flare design bible, and more than 99% of flare stacks used in Japan are designed and used based on this document. Patent Document 1 is an example of a flare stack having such a fuel gas supply device dedicated to a pilot burner.

"API Recommended Practice 521" "Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems" cover and page 104 JP 2003-176914 A

  However, it has been difficult to obtain a stable fuel gas supply line or device for a pilot burner in an offshore plant that mines oil and gas at sea. Also on land, a pilot burner fuel gas supply line or device must be prepared, and the fuel cost for the pilot burner is also increased, resulting in high costs.

  The present invention considers such a prior art and supplies the dedicated pilot burner fuel gas by branching the pilot burner fuel from the main flow path of the combustible gas to be incinerated and introducing it into the pilot burner. It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable flare chip that does not require a line or device, can ignite the exhausted combustible gas reliably, and can stably continue combustion.

Accordingly, the invention of claim 1 provides a tubular pilot burner at the upper end side of a tubular flare tip body (including a gas riser and an air riser) attached to the tip of the flare stack, A pilot gas pipe is provided at a portion, a lower end portion having one opening portion of the pilot gas pipe is inserted into the flare tip body, and one opening portion of the pilot gas pipe is flowed into the flare tip body into the flow of combustible gas. The other end of the pilot gas pipe having the other opening is introduced into the pilot burner, and the other opening of the pilot gas pipe is positioned below the upper end opening of the pilot burner. The pilot gas is fixed in the cylinder of the pilot burner and the pilot gas in the cylinder of the pilot burner An igniter is projected from the upper part of the igniter guide pipe passing through the side of the pipe above the other opening of the pilot gas pipe, and a flame-holding plate having a number of holes is provided above the igniter, and the cylinder of the pilot burner. A flare chip was provided so as to substantially block the hollow portion .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a heat detection body guide pipe is passed through the cylindrical body of the pilot burner, the heat detection body is projected from the upper end thereof, and the tip of the heat detection body is held in the holding state. The flare tip is configured to stop the operation of the igniter when it is brought into contact with the flame plate or protrudes to the upper side of the flame holding plate through the hole of the flame holding plate and the heat due to combustion of the pilot burner is detected. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the one opening portion of the pilot gas pipe provided to face the flow of the combustible gas is used as a discharge port for the velocity seal of the flare tip body. A flare chip provided opposite to the substrate.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to install an independent fuel supply line for the pilot burner, and the facilities of the entire flare stack are simplified. Further, the installation cost of these fuel supply lines and the dedicated fuel cost are not required, and the cost of the entire flare stack is reduced. In particular, installation and operation of flare stacks in offshore oil and gas mining equipment will be extremely easy. In addition, since the fuel gas is supplied to the pilot burner from a pilot gas pipe having a constant diameter branched from the flare tip body, the pilot burner is always fixed regardless of the flow rate of the combustible gas flowing in the flare tip body. Fuel gas is supplied and stable combustion is maintained.

Furthermore, since the pilot burner has a flame holding structure in which combustion is performed on the flame holding plate, a stable combustion flame can be formed and a highly reliable flare tip can be obtained. Further, since the igniter is below the flame holding plate, it is not affected by the combustion flame and is durable.

Further, in the invention of claim 2 , in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 above, when the combustion starts on the flame holding plate, the heat detector detects the heat and thereby stops the operation of the igniter. Can be efficiently operated and its durability can be enhanced. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first or second aspect of the invention , an opening of the pilot gas pipe provided to face the flow of the combustible gas is provided with a velocity seal of the flare tip body. Since it is provided facing the discharge port, the combustible gas can be uniformly and efficiently introduced into the pilot burner.

  According to the present invention, a tubular pilot burner is provided on the upper end side of a tubular flare chip body attached to the tip of the flare stack so that the opening of the flare chip body and the opening of the flare chip body are aligned. A pilot gas pipe is provided, a lower end portion having one opening portion of the pilot gas pipe is inserted into the flare tip body, and one opening portion of the pilot gas pipe is opposed to the flow of combustible gas in the flare tip body. The other end portion having the other opening of the pilot gas pipe was used as a flare tip introduced into the pilot burner.

Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 is a partially sectional front view of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a pilot burner portion of the present invention.

  On the both sides of the upper end of the tubular flare tip body 1 attached to the tip of the flare stack, the substantially cylindrical pilot burners 2 and 2 are provided with the opening portion of the flare tip body 1 and the opening portion of the flare tip body 1 arranged side by side. Further, pilot gas pipes 3 and 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the flare tip body 1, and a lower end 3 a having one opening of each pilot gas pipe 3 extends from the side surface of the flare tip body 1 to the flare tip body 1. Each is inserted into the flare tip body 1 and connected to a gas intake pipe 4 provided in the flare tip body 1. The gas intake pipe 4 has an opening facing the flow of combustible gas. An upper end 3 b having the other opening of each pilot gas pipe 3 is introduced into the pilot burner 2.

  As shown in FIG. 3, each cylindrical pilot burner 2 has an outer periphery formed by a pilot hood 2a. The pilot gas pipe 3 is inserted into the pilot hood 2a from below, and an upper end 3b of the pilot burner 2 is formed in the pilot hood 2a. It is fixed at a low position away from the upper end of 2a. Further, an igniter guide pipe 5 and a heat detector guide pipe 6 are inserted into the pilot hood 2a from below, respectively, and stand up in parallel with the pilot gas pipe 3. The upper end of the igniter guide pipe 5 is at the same position as the upper end of the pilot gas pipe 3, and the igniter 7 protrudes upward from the upper end by a certain distance.

  A flame holding plate 8 is provided immediately above the igniter 7 in the pilot hood 2a so as to block the passage of the pilot hood 2a. The flame holding plate 8 connects the support leg 8a to the upper end of the pilot gas pipe 3. It is fixed to. As shown in FIG. 2, the flame holding plate 8 has a donut shape and has a large number of small holes in the annular portion. Then, the heat detector 9 protrudes from the upper end of the heat detector guide pipe 6 at a position lower than the upper end of the pilot gas pipe 3, passes through the center hole of the flame holder 8, and above the flame holder 8. Has reached. The heat detector 9 is composed of a thermocouple.

  Further, a velocity seal 10 is provided at the lower part in the flare chip body 1, and a windshield 11 having a large number of small holes on the side surface is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end portion of the flare chip body. Further, a frame holder 12 is provided in the upper surface opening of the flare chip body 1.

  With the above configuration, the combustible gas that has entered the flare chip body 1 from the flare stack (not shown) is discharged from the upper end opening of the flare chip body 1, but a part of the combustible gas is provided in the flare chip body 1. The gas is taken into the gas intake pipe 4, enters each pilot gas pipe 3, and is discharged from the upper end portion 3 b of each pilot gas pipe 3. Therefore, the gas detector (not shown) senses the combustible gas in the pilot gas pipe 3, or senses that the temperature by the heat detector 9 has become the set value or less, and the igniter 7 automatically operates, The igniter 7 ignites the combustible gas and burns it. And this flame ignites the combustible gas discharged | emitted from the upper end opening part of the flare tip main body 1, and combustible gas burns.

  At that time, in the pilot burner 2, combustion is performed on the flame holding plate 8, and the igniter 7 under the flame holding plate 8 is not affected. In addition, the heat detector 9 senses heat generated by combustion on the flame holding plate 8, and thereby the operation of the igniter 7 is stopped. Then, the combustible gas is always supplied from the upper end opening of the pilot gas pipe 3, and the flame of the pilot burner 2 becomes a stable combustion flame on the flame holding plate 8 and is discharged from the upper end opening of the flare tip body 1. Holds the combustion of flammable gases.

  When the combustible gas stops flowing in the flare tip body 1, combustion at the upper end opening of the flare tip body 1 and combustion of the pilot burner 2 are stopped. When the combustible gas again flows into the flare tip body 1, the combustible gas also flows into the pilot gas pipe 3, which is detected by a gas detector (not shown) and the igniter 7. The pilot burner 2 starts to burn.

  4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a front view of the second embodiment, FIG. 5 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the pilot burner portion. The flare tip of Example 2 is of a smokeless type in which an air riser 16 is attached to a gas riser 15. Therefore, in this type, the flare chip body is constituted by the gas riser 15 and the air riser 16.

  In this type, as described above, a cylindrical air riser 16 having a large diameter is covered on the outer periphery of the upper portion of the cylindrical gas riser 15. An air supply nozzle 17 is provided on the lower side of the air riser 16, from which air is taken into the air riser 16, and the combustible gas discharged from the upper end of the gas riser 15 and the air discharged from the air riser 16 are mixed. As the combustible gas burns, it is smokeless.

  A cylindrical pilot burner 18 is supported and fixed on both upper end sides of the air riser 16. Further, lower end portions 19 a of the pilot gas pipes 19 provided on both side portions of the air riser 16 are inserted into the inside from the lower side surface of the gas riser 15, and are connected to a gas intake pipe 20 provided inside the gas riser 15. . The gas intake pipe 20 has an opening facing the flow of combustible gas. Further, upper end portions 19b of the pilot gas pipes 19 are introduced into the pilot burner 18, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 6, each of the cylindrical pilot burners 18 has an outer periphery formed by a pilot hood 18a. The pilot gas pipe 19 is inserted into the pilot hood 18a from below, and an upper end portion 19b of the pilot burner 18 has the pilot hood 18a. It is fixed at a low position away from the upper end of 18a. Further, an igniter guide pipe 21 and a heat detector guide pipe 22 are inserted into the pilot hood 18 a from below, respectively, and stand up in parallel with the pilot gas pipe 19. The upper end of the igniter guide pipe 21 is at the same position as the upper end of the pilot gas pipe 19, and an igniter 23 protrudes upward from the upper end by a certain distance.

  A flame holding plate 24 is provided immediately above the igniter 23 in the pilot hood 18a so as to block the passage of the pilot hood 18a. The flame holding plate 24 has its support leg 24a connected to the upper end of the pilot gas pipe 19. It is fixed to the part. As shown in FIG. 5, the flame holding plate 24 has a donut shape and has a large number of small holes in the annular portion. Then, the heat detector 25 protrudes from the upper end of the heat detector guide pipe 22 at a position lower than the upper end of the pilot gas pipe 19, passes through the central hole of the flame holder 24, and above the flame holder 24. Has reached. The heat detector 25 is composed of a thermocouple. In addition, a velocity seal 26 is provided in the lower part of the gas riser 15, and a hanging metal fitting 27 is provided on a side surface of the air riser 16.

  With the above configuration, the combustible gas that has entered the gas riser 15 from the flare stack (not shown) is discharged from the upper end opening of the gas riser 15, but part of the gas intake provided in the gas riser 15. It is taken into the pipe 20, enters each pilot gas pipe 19, and is discharged from the upper end portion 19 b of each pilot gas pipe 19. Therefore, the gas detector (not shown) senses the combustible gas in the pilot gas pipe 19 or senses that the temperature by the heat detector 25 is lower than the set value, and the igniter 23 automatically operates, The igniter 23 ignites the combustible gas and burns it. And with this flame, the combustible gas discharged from the upper end opening of the gas riser 15 and ignited with the air of the air riser 16 is ignited, and the combustible gas burns.

  At that time, in the pilot burner 18, combustion is performed on the flame holding plate 24, and the igniter 23 under the flame holding plate 24 is not affected. Further, the heat detector 25 detects the heat generated by the combustion on the flame holding plate 24, thereby stopping the operation of the igniter 23. A combustible gas is always supplied from the upper end opening of the pilot gas pipe 19, and the flame of the pilot burner 18 becomes a stable combustion flame on the flame holding plate 24, and is discharged from the upper end opening of the gas riser 15. Holds combustion of combustible gas mixed with air. All other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In the first and second embodiments, the substantially cylindrical pilot burner 2 is formed by arranging the opening of the flare chip body 1 or the air riser 16 and the opening of the flare chip body 1 or the air riser 16 on the upper end side of the flare chip body 1 or the air riser 16. In the present invention, the pilot burner 2 or 18 may not be arranged on the flare tip body. In short, the pilot burner 2 or 18 may be provided at a position where the combustible gas or mixed gas discharged from the upper end opening of the flare tip body 1 or the like can be ignited. Moreover, in the said Example 1 and 2, although the heat detection body 9 or 25 is made to protrude above the flame-holding board 8 or 24, it does not do in this way, but the front-end | tip of the heat detection body 9 or 25 is a flame-holding board. Even with the configuration in which the pilot burner 2 or 18 abuts, the combustion of the pilot burner 2 or 18 can be detected.

  When the opening of the gas intake tube 4 or 20 is provided in the vicinity of the velocity seal 10 or 26, the combustible gas can be introduced into the pilot burner 2 or 18 uniformly and efficiently. In each of the above embodiments, the pilot burner 2 is provided on both sides of the flare tip body 1 and the pilot burner 18 is provided on both sides of the air riser 15, respectively. The number of pilot burners 2 or 18 is Is optional. The pilot burner and the pilot gas pipe of each of the above embodiments are cylindrical bodies, but their cross sections include a circle, a square, a polygon, and the like.

It is a partial cross section front view of Example 1 of this invention. It is a top view of Example 1 of this invention. 1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a pilot burner portion according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a partial cross section front view of Example 2 of this invention. It is a top view of Example 2 of this invention. It is an expansion longitudinal cross-sectional view of the pilot burner part of Example 2 of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Flare tip body 2 Pilot burner 2a Pilot hood 3 Pilot gas pipe 3a Lower end part 3b Upper end part 4 Gas intake pipe 5 Igniter guide pipe 6 Heat detection body guide pipe 7 Igniter 8 Flame holding plate 8a Support leg 9 Heat detection body 10 Velocity seal 11 Wind shield 12 Frame holder 15 Gas riser 16 Air riser 17 Air supply nozzle 18 Pilot burner 18a Pilot hood 19 Pilot gas pipe 19a Lower end 19b Upper end 20 Gas intake pipe 21 Igniter guide pipe 22 Heat detector guide pipe 23 Igniter 24 Flame holding plate 24a Support leg 25 Thermal detector 26 Velocity seal 27 Suspension bracket

Claims (3)

A tubular pilot burner is provided on the upper end side of the tubular flare tip body at the tip of the flare stack,
A pilot gas pipe is provided on a side portion of the flare tip body, a lower end portion having one opening portion of the pilot gas pipe is inserted into the flare tip body, and one opening portion of the pilot gas pipe is formed in the flare tip body. Provided against the flow of combustible gas,
The other end of the pilot gas pipe having the other opening is introduced into the pilot burner;
The other opening of the pilot gas pipe is positioned below the upper end opening of the pilot burner and fixed in the cylinder of the pilot burner,
The igniter is projected upward from the other opening of the pilot gas pipe from the upper part of the igniter guide pipe passing through the side of the pilot gas pipe in the cylinder of the pilot burner,
A flare tip, characterized in that a flame holding plate having a large number of holes is provided above the igniter so as to substantially block the cylindrical hollow portion of the pilot burner . A heat detector guide pipe is passed through the cylinder of the pilot burner, the heat detector is protruded from the upper end thereof, and the tip of the heat detector is brought into contact with the flame holder or through the hole of the flame holder. The flare tip according to claim 1, wherein the flare tip is configured to protrude above the flame plate and to stop the operation of the igniter when heat generated by combustion of the pilot burner is detected. The one opening part of the said pilot gas pipe provided facing the flow of the said combustible gas was provided facing the discharge port of the velocity seal of the said flare tip main body, The Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. The flare tip described.

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