JP5331493B2 - 電池制御装置 - Google Patents
電池制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5331493B2 JP5331493B2 JP2009004724A JP2009004724A JP5331493B2 JP 5331493 B2 JP5331493 B2 JP 5331493B2 JP 2009004724 A JP2009004724 A JP 2009004724A JP 2009004724 A JP2009004724 A JP 2009004724A JP 5331493 B2 JP5331493 B2 JP 5331493B2
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- battery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Description
ところで、リチウムイオン二次電池の内部抵抗は温度により劇的に変化し、低温における内部抵抗は、高温時に比べて数倍の大きさになる。SOCの違いによっても抵抗値が変化し、SOCが低いほど内部抵抗は大きい傾向にある。また、電池を大電流で放電したときは、電池自体が発熱して内部抵抗が変化してしまうため、特に低温において放電する電流量によっても内部抵抗が異なる。
このため、電池の内部抵抗の温度依存性を少なくとも1つ以上の指数項を含む温度特性関数を用いて補正し、所定の基準温度における内部抵抗を推定して二次電池の劣化状態を判定する技術が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
(2) 請求項2の発明は、請求項1に記載の電池制御装置において、記憶手段に記憶されている複数組の抵抗値テーブルには、組電池の温度が所定範囲の常温下で組電池に一定電流を流した場合の第1の抵抗値テーブルと、組電池の温度が所定温度以下の低温下で組電池に特定の変化パターンの電流を流した場合の第2の抵抗値テーブルとが含まれており、検索手段は、組電池に流れる電流の変化パターンと組電池の温度とに応じて第1の抵抗値テーブルまたは第2の抵抗値テーブルを選択する。
(3) 請求項3の発明は、複数の単電池を接続した電池モジュールが複数個、直列または並列または直並列に接続された組電池を制御する電池制御装置であって、各電池モジュールの電圧を測定する電圧測定手段と、各電池モジュールに流れる電流と電流の変化パターンを測定する電流測定手段と、各電池モジュールの温度を測定する温度測定手段と、各電池モジュールの充電状態(SOC)を検出するSOC検出手段と、異なる変化パターンの電流を電池モジュールに流した場合の、電池モジュールの温度とSOCとに対する電池モジュールの抵抗値テーブルを予め測定して複数組記憶する記憶手段と、各電池モジュールの電圧と電流とに基づいて各電池モジュールの抵抗値を算出する算出手段と、記憶手段の複数組の抵抗値テーブルの中から、各電池モジュールの電圧と電流を測定したときの各電池モジュールに流れる電流の変化パターンに対応する抵抗値テーブルを選択し、該抵抗値テーブルから各電池モジュールの電圧と電流を測定したときの各電池モジュールの温度とSOCとに応じた抵抗値を検索する検索手段と、各電池モジュールごとに算出手段により算出した抵抗値を検索手段により検索した抵抗値と比較し、各電池モジュールの寿命を判定する判定手段とを備える。
(4) 請求項4の発明は、請求項3に記載の電池制御装置において、記憶手段に記憶されている複数組の抵抗値テーブルには、電池モジュールの温度が所定範囲の常温下で電池モジュールに一定電流を流した場合の第1の抵抗値テーブルと、電池モジュールの温度が所定温度以下の低温下で電池モジュールに特定の変化パターンの電流を流した場合の第2の抵抗値テーブルとが含まれており、検索手段は、電池モジュールに流れる電流の変化パターンと電池モジュールの温度とに応じて第1の抵抗値テーブルまたは第2の抵抗値テーブルを選択する。
図1は、一実施の形態の大型のハイブリッド自動車用駆動システムの構成を示す。一実施の形態のハイブリッド自動車1の駆動システムは、内燃機関であるエンジン2の回転動力を用いて電動発電機3(ここでは、主として発電機として動作する)を駆動し、この駆動によって発生した電力を用いて電動発電機4(主として電動機として動作する)を駆動し、この駆動によって発生した回転動力を用いて駆動輪5(例えば後輪)を駆動する、いわゆるエンジン2から駆動輪5までのエネルギーの流れがシリーズであるシリーズハイブリッド方式により構成されている。このようなシリーズハイブリッド方式の駆動システムによれば、駆動輪5の駆動に関係なく、燃費および排ガスの良好な領域においてエンジン2を定常運転できるので、通常のエンジン駆動車両に比べて燃費を向上できるとともに、排ガス中に含まれる窒素酸化物なども半分以上、低減できる。
図2は蓄電装置1000の全体構成を示す。蓄電装置1000は、前述したように、電動発電機4を駆動するための車載電源であり、第2電力変換装置7を介して電動発電機4(電機子12)に電気的に接続され、第2電力変換装置7によって充放電が制御される。蓄電装置1000は、大別すると、統括バッテリ制御装置(上位バッテリ制御装置)100、4個のモジュール電池セット200,300,400,500の直並列接続体から構成された電池モジュール部、および電池モジュール部と正負極端子600.610との間の電気的な接続を制御するための第1および第2正極側メインコンタクタ800,801、第1および第2負極側メインコンタクタ810,811部から構成されている。符号13は複数の永久磁石を備えた界磁を示す。
次に、図3を用いて、モジュール電池セット制御装置について説明する。
次に、図4〜図8を用いて、実際の蓄電装置1000の構造について説明する。蓄電装置1000は、4つの直方体形状のモジュール電池セット200,300,400,500がケーシング(下容器910および上蓋(図示省略)から構成された筐体)900に収容されて構成されている。ケーシング900(下容器910)は直方体形状の収納体である。モジュール電池セット200,300,400,500は、その長手方向がケーシング900の短手方向と同方向になるようにして、かつケーシング900の長手方向中央部に一定のスペースが形成されるようにして、ケーシング900の長手方向に1列に並べられている。ケーシング900の長手方向中央部のスペースを挟んでその一方側に配置されたモジュール電池セットは、第1電池モジュールブロックを構成するモジュール電池セット200,300(モジュール電池セット200が中央側)である。また、その他方側に配置されたモジュール電池セットは、第2電池モジュールブロックを構成するモジュール電池セット400,500(モジュール電池セット500が中央側)である。
次に、4個のモジュール電池セット200,300,400,500(図2参照)の直並列接続体から構成された電池モジュール部の寿命判定方法を説明する。
Claims (4)
- 複数の単電池を接続した組電池の電圧を測定する電圧測定手段と、
前記組電池に流れる電流と電流の変化パターンを測定する電流測定手段と、
前記組電池の温度を測定する温度測定手段と、
前記組電池の充電状態(SOC)を検出するSOC検出手段と、
異なる変化パターンの電流を前記組電池に流した場合の、前記組電池の温度とSOCとに対する前記組電池の抵抗値テーブルを予め測定して複数組記憶する記憶手段と、
前記組電池の電圧と電流とに基づいて前記組電池の抵抗値を算出する算出手段と、
前記記憶手段の複数組の抵抗値テーブルの中から、前記組電池の電圧と電流を測定したときの前記組電池に流れる電流の変化パターンに対応する抵抗値テーブルを選択し、該抵抗値テーブルから前記組電池の電圧と電流を測定したときの前記組電池の温度とSOCとに応じた抵抗値を検索する検索手段と、
前記算出手段により算出した抵抗値を前記検索手段により検索した抵抗値と比較し、前記組電池の寿命を判定する判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする電池制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電池制御装置において、
前記記憶手段に記憶されている前記複数組の抵抗値テーブルには、前記組電池の温度が所定範囲の常温下で前記組電池に一定電流を流した場合の第1の抵抗値テーブルと、前記組電池の温度が所定温度以下の低温下で前記組電池に特定の変化パターンの電流を流した場合の第2の抵抗値テーブルとが含まれており、
前記検索手段は、前記組電池に流れる電流の変化パターンと前記組電池の温度とに応じて前記第1の抵抗値テーブルまたは前記第2の抵抗値テーブルを選択することを特徴とする電池制御装置。 - 複数の単電池を接続した電池モジュールが複数個、直列または並列または直並列に接続された組電池を制御する電池制御装置であって、
前記各電池モジュールの電圧を測定する電圧測定手段と、
前記各電池モジュールに流れる電流と電流の変化パターンを測定する電流測定手段と、
前記各電池モジュールの温度を測定する温度測定手段と、
前記各電池モジュールの充電状態(SOC)を検出するSOC検出手段と、
異なる変化パターンの電流を前記電池モジュールに流した場合の、前記電池モジュールの温度とSOCとに対する前記電池モジュールの抵抗値テーブルを予め測定して複数組記憶する記憶手段と、
前記各電池モジュールの電圧と電流とに基づいて前記各電池モジュールの抵抗値を算出する算出手段と、
前記記憶手段の複数組の抵抗値テーブルの中から、前記各電池モジュールの電圧と電流を測定したときの前記各電池モジュールに流れる電流の変化パターンに対応する抵抗値テーブルを選択し、該抵抗値テーブルから前記各電池モジュールの電圧と電流を測定したときの前記各電池モジュールの温度とSOCとに応じた抵抗値を検索する検索手段と、
前記各電池モジュールごとに前記算出手段により算出した抵抗値を前記検索手段により検索した抵抗値と比較し、前記各電池モジュールの寿命を判定する判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする電池制御装置。 - 請求項3に記載の電池制御装置において、
前記記憶手段に記憶されている前記複数組の抵抗値テーブルには、前記電池モジュールの温度が所定範囲の常温下で前記電池モジュールに一定電流を流した場合の第1の抵抗値テーブルと、前記電池モジュールの温度が所定温度以下の低温下で前記電池モジュールに特定の変化パターンの電流を流した場合の第2の抵抗値テーブルとが含まれており、
前記検索手段は、前記電池モジュールに流れる電流の変化パターンと前記電池モジュールの温度とに応じて前記第1の抵抗値テーブルまたは前記第2の抵抗値テーブルを選択することを特徴とする電池制御装置。
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