JP5323321B2 - Aqueous dispersion and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Aqueous dispersion and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP5323321B2 JP5323321B2 JP2007032619A JP2007032619A JP5323321B2 JP 5323321 B2 JP5323321 B2 JP 5323321B2 JP 2007032619 A JP2007032619 A JP 2007032619A JP 2007032619 A JP2007032619 A JP 2007032619A JP 5323321 B2 JP5323321 B2 JP 5323321B2
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims description 115
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 176
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N deuterium hydrogen oxide Chemical compound [2H]O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 23
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 20
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 19
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 description 15
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(ii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- MEZLKOACVSPNER-GFCCVEGCSA-N selegiline Chemical compound C#CCN(C)[C@H](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MEZLKOACVSPNER-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCORITRBZMICMI-CMDGGOBGSA-N (e)-dodec-4-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC\C=C\CCC(O)=O GCORITRBZMICMI-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GCORITRBZMICMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Linderic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCC(O)=O GCORITRBZMICMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002969 oleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
本発明は、結晶化度が低いポリプロピレンを主成分とする水性分散体およびその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an aqueous dispersion mainly composed of polypropylene having a low crystallinity and a method for producing the same.
ポリオレフィン樹脂の成形体に対して塗装や接着を行う場合には、従来は、溶剤中に塩素化ポリオレフィンを含有するものが多く用いられてきた。しかしながら、近年の環境問題への配慮から、溶剤も塩素も含有しない塗料や接着剤、あるいは、プライマーの成分として使用できる水性の分散体が求められている。
そこで、特許文献1では、酸変性ポリオレフィンと変性澱粉と乳化剤とを含み、pHが6以上の水性分散体が提案されている。
Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes an aqueous dispersion having an acid-modified polyolefin, a modified starch, and an emulsifier, and having a pH of 6 or more.
しかしながら、特許文献1に記載の水性分散体は、溶剤型の塗料や接着剤程の付着性を発揮しなかった。特に、基材がポリプロピレン成形体である場合には、付着性が低かった。また、特許文献1に記載の水性分散体は、得られる被膜の耐水性も不充分であった。
本発明は、前記事情を鑑みてなされたものであり、有機溶剤および塩素原子含有ポリマーを含まないにもかかわらず、充分な付着性、とりわけポリプロピレン成形体に対する付着性が高く、得られる被膜の耐水性に優れる水性分散体およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
However, the aqueous dispersion described in Patent Document 1 did not exhibit as much adhesion as a solvent-type paint or adhesive. In particular, when the substrate was a polypropylene molded body, the adhesion was low. In addition, the aqueous dispersion described in Patent Document 1 has insufficient water resistance of the resulting film.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and although it does not contain an organic solvent and a chlorine atom-containing polymer, it has sufficient adhesion, particularly high adhesion to a polypropylene molded article, and the water resistance of the resulting coating is high. An object is to provide an aqueous dispersion having excellent properties and a method for producing the same.
本発明は、以下の態様を包含する。
[1] ポリオレフィン(A)と、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して5〜20質量部の酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)と、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して1〜10質量部のアニオン型界面活性剤(C)と、0.5〜20質量部の水(D)とを含有する水性分散体であって、
ポリオレフィン(A)は、プロピレン単位80〜99質量%とプロピレン単位以外のα−オレフィン単位1〜20質量%とからなり、α−オレフィン単位が1−ブテン単位を含有し、かつ、結晶化度が0.1〜16%であり、
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の重量平均分子量が1,800〜35,000、酸価が3〜80mg/gであることを特徴とする水性分散体。
[2] 酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)が、酸変性プロピレンであることを特徴とする[1]に記載の水性分散体。
[3] アニオン型界面活性剤(C)が、炭素数10〜20の高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩であることを特徴とする[1]または[2]に記載の水性分散体。
[4] ポリオレフィン(A)と、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して5〜20質量部の酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)と、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して1〜10質量部のアニオン型界面活性剤(C)とを溶融混練して混練物を得る工程と、
該混練物に、水(D)を、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して0.5〜20質量部添加した後、さらに溶融混練する工程とを有する水性分散体の製造方法であって、
ポリオレフィン(A)として、プロピレン単位80〜99質量%とプロピレン単位以外のα−オレフィン単位1〜20質量%とからなり、α−オレフィン単位が1−ブテン単位を含有し、かつ、結晶化度が0.1〜16%のものを用い、
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)として、重量平均分子量1,800〜35,000、酸価が3〜80mg/gのものを用いることを特徴とする水性分散体の製造方法。
The present invention includes the following aspects.
[1] Polyolefin (A), 5 to 20 parts by mass of acid-modified polyolefin (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A), and 1 to 10 parts by mass of anion with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A) An aqueous dispersion containing a type surfactant (C) and 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of water (D),
Polyolefin (A) are propylene units of consists of 8 0 to 99 wt% and 20 wt% alpha-olefin units other than propylene units, alpha-olefin unit containing 1-butene units, and the crystallization The degree is 0.1 to 16%,
An aqueous dispersion, wherein the acid-modified polyolefin (B) has a weight average molecular weight of 1,800 to 35,000 and an acid value of 3 to 80 mg / g.
[2] The aqueous dispersion according to [1], wherein the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is acid-modified propylene.
[3] The aqueous dispersion according to [1] or [2], wherein the anionic surfactant (C) is an alkali metal salt of a higher fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms .
[4] Polyolefin (A), 5 to 20 parts by mass of acid-modified polyolefin (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A), and 1 to 10 parts by mass of anion with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A) A step of melt-kneading the mold surfactant (C) to obtain a kneaded product,
A method for producing an aqueous dispersion, comprising adding 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of water (D) to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A), and further melt-kneading the kneaded product,
As the polyolefin (A), propylene Unit consists of 8 0 to 99 wt% and 20 wt% alpha-olefin units other than propylene units, alpha-olefin unit containing 1-butene units, and the crystallization Using a degree of 0.1 to 16%,
A method for producing an aqueous dispersion, wherein the acid-modified polyolefin (B) has a weight average molecular weight of 1,800 to 35,000 and an acid value of 3 to 80 mg / g.
本発明の水性分散体は、有機溶剤および塩素原子含有ポリマーを含まないにもかかわらず、充分な付着性、とりわけポリプロピレン成形体に対する付着性が高く、得られる被膜の耐水性に優れる。
本発明の水性分散体の製造方法によれば、有機溶剤および塩素原子含有ポリマーを含まないにもかかわらず、充分な付着性、とりわけポリプロピレン成形体に対する付着性が高く、得られる被膜の耐水性に優れる水性分散体を製造できる。
Although the aqueous dispersion of the present invention does not contain an organic solvent and a chlorine atom-containing polymer, the aqueous dispersion has sufficient adhesion, particularly adhesion to a polypropylene molded article, and is excellent in water resistance of the resulting film.
According to the method for producing an aqueous dispersion of the present invention, although it does not contain an organic solvent and a chlorine atom-containing polymer, sufficient adhesion, particularly adhesion to a polypropylene molded article is high, and the resulting coating has water resistance. An excellent aqueous dispersion can be produced.
「水性分散体」
本発明の水性分散体は、ポリオレフィン(A)と酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)とアニオン型界面活性剤(C)と水(D)とを含有するものである。
"Aqueous dispersion"
The aqueous dispersion of the present invention contains a polyolefin (A), an acid-modified polyolefin (B), an anionic surfactant (C), and water (D).
(ポリオレフィン(A))
ポリオレフィン(A)は、プロピレン単位を80〜99質量%、好ましくは87〜99質量%含有するものである。ポリオレフィン(A)におけるプロピレン単位含有量が80質量%未満であると、得られた水性分散体を、ポリプロピレンの成形体に塗布した場合の付着性が低くなり、また、得られる被膜の耐水性が低下する。プロピレン単位含有量が99質量%を超える場合も、付着性、特にポリプロピレンの成形体に対する付着性が低くなり、また、得られる被膜の耐水性が低下する。
(Polyolefin (A))
The polyolefin (A) contains propylene units in an amount of 80 to 99% by mass, preferably 87 to 99% by mass. When the propylene unit content in the polyolefin (A) is less than 80% by mass, the resulting aqueous dispersion has low adhesion when applied to a polypropylene molded product, and the water resistance of the resulting coating is low. descend. When the propylene unit content exceeds 99% by mass, the adhesion, particularly the adhesion of polypropylene to a molded article is lowered, and the water resistance of the resulting coating is lowered.
ポリオレフィン(A)の結晶化度は0.1〜16%であり、好ましくは0.1〜8.0%である。ポリオレフィン(A)の結晶化度が16%を超えると、得られる水性分散体の付着性および耐水性が低くなり、0.1%未満であっても、得られる水性分散体の付着性および耐水性が低くなる。
結晶化度を制御したポリオレフィン(A)を製造する方法としては、メタロセン系触媒を用いることが好ましい。メタロセン系触媒としては、シクロペンタジエニル骨格を少なくとも1個有する周期表第4族〜第6族の遷移金属錯体を挙げることができる。例えば特開平9−151205号公報に記載されたメタロセン触媒を用いることができる。
The crystallinity of the polyolefin (A) is 0.1 to 16%, preferably 0.1 to 8.0%. If the crystallinity of the polyolefin (A) exceeds 16%, the adhesion and water resistance of the resulting aqueous dispersion will be low, and even if it is less than 0.1%, the adhesion and water resistance of the resulting aqueous dispersion will be low. Low.
As a method for producing the polyolefin (A) with controlled crystallinity, it is preferable to use a metallocene catalyst. Examples of the metallocene catalyst include transition metal complexes of Groups 4 to 6 of the periodic table having at least one cyclopentadienyl skeleton. For example, a metallocene catalyst described in JP-A-9-151205 can be used.
ポリオレフィン(A)の組成は、ポリオレフィン(A)重合時のプロピレンと他のα―オレフィンとの供給組成を適宜変更することにより、調節できる。
ポリオレフィン(A)の重量平均分子量は、重合時に水素ガスを供給し、その供給量を適宜変更することにより、調節できる。
The composition of the polyolefin (A) can be adjusted by appropriately changing the supply composition of propylene and the other α-olefin during polymerization of the polyolefin (A).
The weight average molecular weight of the polyolefin (A) can be adjusted by supplying hydrogen gas during the polymerization and appropriately changing the supply amount.
(酸変性ポリオレフィン(B))
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)としては、α−オレフィンの単独重合体または共重合体にカルボン酸またはカルボン酸無水物を結合させた変性物が挙げられる。カルボン酸としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸等が挙げられ、カルボン酸無水物としては、例えば、無水マレイン酸等が挙げられる。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)としては、例えば、酸価が3〜80mg/gの酸変性ポリエチレン、酸変性エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、酸変性ポリプロピレン、エチレン−(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリプロピレン成形体に対する付着性がより高くなることから、酸変性ポリプロピレンが好ましい。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)は1種を単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
(Acid-modified polyolefin (B))
Examples of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) include a modified product in which a carboxylic acid or a carboxylic acid anhydride is bonded to a homopolymer or copolymer of an α-olefin. Examples of the carboxylic acid include (meth) acrylic acid, and examples of the carboxylic acid anhydride include maleic anhydride.
Examples of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) include acid-modified polyethylene having an acid value of 3 to 80 mg / g, acid-modified ethylene-propylene copolymer, acid-modified polypropylene, and ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer. It is done. Among these, acid-modified polypropylene is preferable because adhesion to a polypropylene molded body becomes higher.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B) may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の重量平均分子量は1,800〜35,000であり、好ましくは1,800〜20,000である。酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の重量平均分子量が1,800未満であると、ポリオレフィン(A)を分散させることができないため、水性分散体が得られず、35,000を超えると、付着性および耐水性が低下する。 The weight average molecular weight of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is 1,800 to 35,000, preferably 1,800 to 20,000. If the weight average molecular weight of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is less than 1,800, the polyolefin (A) cannot be dispersed, so an aqueous dispersion cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 35,000, adhesion and water resistance Sex is reduced.
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の酸価は3〜80mg/gであり、好ましくは10〜70mg/gである。ここでいう酸価は、変性ポリオレフィン1gを中和するのに必要な水酸化カリウムのmg数である。酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の酸価が3mg/g未満であると、ポリオレフィン(A)を分散させることができないため、水性分散体が得られず、80mg/gを超えると、付着性および耐水性が低くなる。 The acid value of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is 3 to 80 mg / g, preferably 10 to 70 mg / g. The acid value here is the number of mg of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize 1 g of the modified polyolefin. If the acid value of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is less than 3 mg / g, the polyolefin (A) cannot be dispersed, so that an aqueous dispersion cannot be obtained. If the acid value exceeds 80 mg / g, adhesion and water resistance are not obtained. Becomes lower.
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の量は、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して5〜20質量部であり、好ましくは5〜10質量部である。酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の量が5質量部未満であると、ポリオレフィン(A)を分散させることができないため、水性分散体が得られず、20質量部を超えると、得られる水性分散体は粒子径の大きなものとなり、付着性および耐水性が低下する。 The amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is 5 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyolefin (A). If the amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is less than 5 parts by mass, the polyolefin (A) cannot be dispersed, so an aqueous dispersion cannot be obtained. If the amount exceeds 20 parts by mass, the resulting aqueous dispersion is The particle size becomes large, and the adhesion and water resistance decrease.
(アニオン型界面活性剤(C))
アニオン型界面活性剤(C)としては、例えば、第1級高級脂肪酸塩、第2級高級脂肪酸塩、第1級高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩、第2級高級アルコール硫酸エステル塩、第1級高級アルキルスルホン酸塩、第2級高級アルキルスルホン酸塩、高級アルキルジスルホン酸塩、スルホン化高級脂肪酸塩、高級脂肪酸硫酸エステル塩、高級脂肪酸エステルスルホン酸塩、高級アルコールエーテルの硫酸エステル塩、高級アルコールエーテルのスルホン酸塩、高級脂肪酸アミドのアルキロール化硫酸エステル塩、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、アルキルフェノールスルホン酸塩、アルキルナフタリンスルホン酸塩、アルキルベンゾイルイミダゾールスルホン酸塩などが挙げられる。
上記のアニオン型界面活性剤を構成する高級脂肪酸としては、カプリン酸、ウンデカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、マーガリン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキン酸等の飽和脂肪酸、リンデル酸、ツズ酸、ペトロセリン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、アラキドン酸等の不飽和脂肪酸と、これらの混合物が挙げられる。
高級脂肪酸と塩を形成するための元素としては、ナトリウム、カリウム等のアルカリ金属が挙げられる。
アニオン型界面活性剤は1種を単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を組合せて使用してもよい。これらのアニオン型界面活性剤の中でも牛脂脂肪酸カリウムや、オレイン酸カリウムが、耐水性の面からより好ましい。
(Anionic surfactant (C))
Examples of the anionic surfactant (C) include primary higher fatty acid salts, secondary higher fatty acid salts, primary higher alcohol sulfates, secondary higher alcohol sulfates, and primary higher alkyls. Sulfonates, secondary higher alkyl sulfonates, higher alkyl disulfonates, sulfonated higher fatty acid salts, higher fatty acid sulfate esters, higher fatty acid ester sulfonates, higher alcohol ether sulfates, higher alcohol ethers Examples thereof include sulfonates, alkylol sulfates of higher fatty acid amides, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylphenol sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and alkylbenzoylimidazole sulfonates.
Higher fatty acids constituting the above anionic surfactants include capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid and other saturated fatty acids, Linderic acid, Tuzic acid, Examples include unsaturated fatty acids such as petroceric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid, and mixtures thereof.
Examples of elements for forming salts with higher fatty acids include alkali metals such as sodium and potassium.
An anionic surfactant may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Among these anionic surfactants, potassium tallow fatty acid and potassium oleate are more preferable from the viewpoint of water resistance.
アニオン型界面活性剤(C)の量は、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して1〜10質量部であり、好ましくは2〜5質量部である。アニオン型界面活性剤(C)の量が1質量部未満であると、水性分散体の分散安定性が低くなり、10質量部を超えると、付着性および耐水性が低くなる。 The amount of the anionic surfactant (C) is 1 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 2 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyolefin (A). When the amount of the anionic surfactant (C) is less than 1 part by mass, the dispersion stability of the aqueous dispersion is lowered, and when it exceeds 10 parts by mass, adhesion and water resistance are lowered.
(水(D))
水性分散体中の水(D)は転相時に必要な水であり、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して、0.5〜20質量部である。
なお、水(D)の量が前記範囲である水性分散体の固形分濃度は84質量%以上であり、実質的に固体である。そのため、この水性分散体を既存の塗工方法を適用するため、あるいは、他の薬剤を混合しやすくするためには、粘度を適切な範囲にする目的で、水性分散体に50質量部以上の希釈水を添加し、希釈して、固形分濃度が10〜60質量%の水性分散液とすることが好ましい。
(Water (D))
Water (D) in the aqueous dispersion is water necessary for phase inversion, and is 0.5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyolefin (A).
In addition, solid content concentration of the aqueous dispersion whose quantity of water (D) is the said range is 84 mass% or more, and is substantially solid. Therefore, in order to apply the existing coating method to this aqueous dispersion, or to make it easy to mix other chemicals, 50 parts by mass or more is added to the aqueous dispersion for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity to an appropriate range. It is preferable to add dilution water and dilute to obtain an aqueous dispersion having a solid content concentration of 10 to 60% by mass.
(副資材)
水性分散体には、必要に応じて、各種副資材が含まれてもよい。副資材としては、例えば、カチオン型界面活性剤、ノニオン型界面活性剤等の分散剤、乳化剤、安定化剤、湿潤剤、増粘剤、起泡剤、消泡剤、ゲル化剤、老化防止剤、軟化剤、可塑剤、充填剤、着色剤、付香剤、粘着防止剤、離型剤、造膜助剤、レベリング剤等が挙げられる。
(Auxiliary materials)
The aqueous dispersion may contain various auxiliary materials as necessary. Secondary materials include, for example, dispersants such as cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, wetting agents, thickeners, foaming agents, antifoaming agents, gelling agents, and anti-aging agents. Agents, softeners, plasticizers, fillers, colorants, flavoring agents, anti-tacking agents, mold release agents, film-forming aids, leveling agents and the like.
以上説明した水性分散体では、酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を含有しており、これが転相前の段階で界面活性剤を均一分散させる効果があるものと推定される。界面活性剤が均一分散した結果、アニオン型界面活性剤(C)の含有量が1〜10質量部と比較的に少ない量でも、1μ未満の平均粒子径で、ポリオレフィン(A)を水に分散させることができる。その結果、基材に対する水性分散体の付着性を向上させることができ、また、得られる被膜の耐水性を向上させることができる。
また、水性分散体は、分散媒として水を使用しているので、環境上の問題が少なく、取り扱い性に優れる。
The aqueous dispersion described above contains the acid-modified polyolefin (B), which is presumed to have an effect of uniformly dispersing the surfactant in the stage before phase inversion. As a result of the uniform dispersion of the surfactant, the polyolefin (A) is dispersed in water with an average particle diameter of less than 1 μm even if the content of the anionic surfactant (C) is as small as 1 to 10 parts by mass. Can be made. As a result, the adhesion of the aqueous dispersion to the substrate can be improved, and the water resistance of the resulting coating can be improved.
In addition, since the aqueous dispersion uses water as a dispersion medium, there are few environmental problems and excellent handleability.
(使用方法)
水性分散体は各種基材に塗布されて使用される。基材としては、例えば、紙、繊維織物、プラスチック成形品、木材、金属などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、プラスチック成形品、とりわけポリプロピレン成形品に対しては、水性分散体の高い付着性が顕著に発揮される。該ポリプロピレン成形品に、他のポリオレフィン(例えば、エチレン・プロピレン共重合体ゴム等)、無機フィラー(例えば、タルク、ガラス繊維、炭酸カルシウム等)、安定剤、着色剤などの各種添加剤が含まれている場合も、発揮される効果は同等である。
水性分散体の塗布方法としては、例えば、各種塗工機を用いる方法、スプレーを用いる方法、刷毛塗りなどを採ることができる。
(how to use)
The aqueous dispersion is used by being applied to various substrates. Examples of the substrate include paper, fiber fabric, plastic molded product, wood, metal, and the like. Among these, high adhesiveness of the aqueous dispersion is remarkably exhibited for plastic molded products, particularly polypropylene molded products. The polypropylene molded product includes various additives such as other polyolefins (for example, ethylene / propylene copolymer rubber), inorganic fillers (for example, talc, glass fiber, calcium carbonate, etc.), stabilizers, and coloring agents. Even if it is, the effect exhibited is equivalent.
As a coating method of the aqueous dispersion, for example, a method using various coating machines, a method using a spray, a brush coating, or the like can be employed.
「水性分散体の製造方法」
本発明の水性分散体の製造方法は、ポリオレフィン(A)と酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)とアニオン型界面活性剤(C)とを含む混合物を溶融混練して混練物を得る工程(以下、第1の工程という。)と、該混練物に水(D)を添加した後、さらに溶融混練する工程(以下、第2の工程という。)とを有する。
"Method for producing aqueous dispersion"
The method for producing an aqueous dispersion of the present invention comprises a step of melting and kneading a mixture containing a polyolefin (A), an acid-modified polyolefin (B) and an anionic surfactant (C) to obtain a kneaded product (hereinafter referred to as “first”). And after adding water (D) to the kneaded product, it is further melt-kneaded (hereinafter referred to as the second step).
(第1の工程)
第1の工程における酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の配合量は、水性分散体における酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の含有量と同様に、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して5〜20質量部であり、好ましくは5〜10質量部である。
アニオン型界面活性剤(C)の配合量は、水性分散体におけるアニオン型界面活性剤(C)の含有量と同様に、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して1〜10質量部であり、好ましくは2〜5質量部である。
(First step)
The blending amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) in the first step is 5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyolefin (A), similarly to the content of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) in the aqueous dispersion. , Preferably it is 5-10 mass parts.
The compounding quantity of an anionic surfactant (C) is 1-10 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of polyolefin (A) similarly to content of the anionic surfactant (C) in an aqueous dispersion, Preferably it is 2-5 mass parts.
ポリオレフィン(A)と酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)とアニオン型界面活性剤(C)とを溶融混練する際には、例えば、ニーダー、バンバリーミキサー、多軸スクリュー押出機を適用することができる。
溶融混練条件は、ポリオレフィン(A)の物性により適宜選択されるが、溶融混練温度は160℃〜250℃とすることが好ましい。溶融混練温度が160℃以上であれば、溶融粘度が充分に低くなるため容易に混練でき、250℃以下であれば、必要以上に加熱しないから、ポリオレフィンの劣化や熱分解を抑制し、且つ、エネルギー使用量を削減できる。
When the polyolefin (A), the acid-modified polyolefin (B), and the anionic surfactant (C) are melt-kneaded, for example, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, or a multi-screw extruder can be applied.
The melt-kneading conditions are appropriately selected depending on the physical properties of the polyolefin (A), but the melt-kneading temperature is preferably 160 ° C to 250 ° C. If the melt kneading temperature is 160 ° C. or higher, the melt viscosity is sufficiently low so that it can be easily kneaded. Energy consumption can be reduced.
(第2の工程)
第1の工程に引き続く第2の工程では、第1の工程で得た混練物に、水(D)を注入して、ポリオレフィン(A)および酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を含む樹脂固形分に水を含有させる。その水(D)の添加では、水のみを添加してもよいし、他の添加成分を溶解した水溶液の形態で添加してもよい。他の添加成分としては、酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)由来の酸を中和して、水性分散体をより容易に製造できることから、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウムや有機アミン等のアルカリ成分が好ましい。
水(D)の添加量は、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して0.5〜20質量部であることが好ましく、2〜10質量部であることがより好ましい。水(D)の添加量が0.5質量部未満であると、水性分散体は得られず、20質量部を超えると、水性分散体の樹脂固形分の平均粒子径が大きくなって、付着性および耐水性が低くなる。
(Second step)
In the second step subsequent to the first step, water (D) is injected into the kneaded product obtained in the first step, and water is added to the resin solids containing the polyolefin (A) and the acid-modified polyolefin (B). Containing. In the addition of water (D), only water may be added, or it may be added in the form of an aqueous solution in which other additive components are dissolved. As other additive components, alkaline components such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and organic amines are preferable because the acid-modified polyolefin (B) -derived acid can be neutralized to produce an aqueous dispersion more easily.
The amount of water (D) added is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by mass and more preferably 2 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyolefin (A). If the amount of water (D) added is less than 0.5 parts by mass, an aqueous dispersion cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 20 parts by mass, the average particle size of the resin solid content of the aqueous dispersion becomes large and adheres. And water resistance are lowered.
第2の工程における溶融混練では、樹脂固形分に水が含まれる状態から、水に樹脂固形分が分散する状態に転相させる。
第2の工程における溶融混練においても、第1の工程と同様に、ニーダー、バンバリーミキサー、多軸スクリュー押出機を適用することができる。
第2の工程における溶融混練温度は、第1の工程と同様に160〜250℃とすることが好ましい。溶融混練温度が160℃以上であれば、容易に転相させることができ、250℃以下であれば、必要以上に加熱しないから、樹脂の劣化や熱分解を抑制し、且つ、エネルギー使用量を削減できる。
In the melt-kneading in the second step, the phase is changed from a state in which the resin solid content contains water to a state in which the resin solid content is dispersed in water.
Also in the melt-kneading in the second step, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, and a multi-screw extruder can be applied as in the first step.
The melt kneading temperature in the second step is preferably 160 to 250 ° C. as in the first step. If the melt kneading temperature is 160 ° C. or higher, phase inversion can be easily performed, and if it is 250 ° C. or lower, the resin is not heated more than necessary. Can be reduced.
第2の工程終了後、得られた水性分散体に、さらに水を添加し、希釈した水性分散液とすることが好ましい。水を追加すれば、水性分散体の粘度が下がり、流動性が高くなる。さらに添加する水の量は水性分散体の使用目的および使用方法により適宜選択されるが、水性分散体の固形分濃度が10〜60質量%の範囲になる量が好ましい。 After completion of the second step, it is preferable to further add water to the obtained aqueous dispersion to obtain a diluted aqueous dispersion. If water is added, the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion decreases and the fluidity increases. Further, the amount of water to be added is appropriately selected depending on the purpose and method of use of the aqueous dispersion, but is preferably such that the solid content concentration of the aqueous dispersion is in the range of 10 to 60% by mass.
本発明以外の他の製造方法では、界面活性剤量を1〜10質量部という少ない量とすると、0.1〜1μm程度の小さな平均粒子径の水性分散体を得ることは困難である。しかし、上記水性分散体の製造方法によれば、1〜10質量部という少ない界面活性剤量であっても0.1〜1μm程度の小さな平均粒子径の水性分散体を得ることができる。これは、本製造方法で使用する酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)が、転相前のポリオレフィン(A)が連続相である段階で、界面活性剤をミクロ分散させる効果を発揮するためであると推定される。したがって、酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)は本製造方法における必須の成分である。これに対し、他の分散方法では僅かな粘度の低減効果しか見られず、必須ではない。
また、上記製造方法により得られた水性分散体から形成される塗膜は、付着性、耐水性が優れたものとなる。
In other production methods other than the present invention, it is difficult to obtain an aqueous dispersion having a small average particle diameter of about 0.1 to 1 μm when the amount of the surfactant is as small as 1 to 10 parts by mass. However, according to the method for producing an aqueous dispersion, an aqueous dispersion having a small average particle diameter of about 0.1 to 1 μm can be obtained even with a small amount of surfactant of 1 to 10 parts by mass. This is presumed to be because the acid-modified polyolefin (B) used in this production method exhibits the effect of microdispersing the surfactant at the stage where the polyolefin (A) before phase inversion is a continuous phase. The Accordingly, the acid-modified polyolefin (B) is an essential component in the production method. On the other hand, other dispersion methods show only a slight viscosity reduction effect and are not essential.
Moreover, the coating film formed from the aqueous dispersion obtained by the said manufacturing method becomes what was excellent in adhesiveness and water resistance.
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、以下の例において「%」は「質量%」、「部」は「質量部」のことを意味する。
また、以下の例におけるポリオレフィンおよび酸変性ポリオレフィンの特性は、下記のようにして測定した。
・ポリオレフィン単位の定量:日本電子(株)製、高分解能フーリエ変換核磁気共鳴装置JNM−AL400型によりモル比を測定して求めた。
・ポリオレフィンおよび酸変性ポリオレフィンの重量平均分子量:ウォーターズ社製、アライアンスGPC V2000型により測定した。
・ポリオレフィンの結晶化度:理学電機(株)製、広角X線回折装置RAD−RX型により求めた。
・平均粒子径:マウンテック(Mountech)社製のマイクロトラックUPAにて測定した。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, this invention is not limited to a following example. In the following examples, “%” means “mass%” and “part” means “part by mass”.
Moreover, the characteristics of the polyolefin and acid-modified polyolefin in the following examples were measured as follows.
-Quantification of polyolefin unit: It was determined by measuring the molar ratio with a high resolution Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus JNM-AL400 manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
-Weight average molecular weight of polyolefin and acid-modified polyolefin: Measured by Alliance GPC V2000, manufactured by Waters.
Polyolefin crystallinity: Determined by a wide-angle X-ray diffractometer RAD-RX manufactured by Rigaku Corporation.
Average particle size: Measured with a Microtrac UPA manufactured by Mounttech.
以下の実施例、比較例において、(A)成分として、下記の(A−1)〜(A−9)を用いた。
ポリオレフィン(A−1):
攪拌機を備えた100Lのステンレス製重合槽を減圧乾燥し、分子量調節用として水素を供給し、以下の方法で連続的に重合させてポリオレフィン(A−1)を得た。
重合槽の下部から、重合溶媒としてのヘキサンを100L/時間の供給速度で、プロピレンを20.7kg/時間の供給速度で, 1−ブテンを4.2kg/時間の供給速度で、水素ガスを120g/時間の供給速度で、それぞれ連続的に供給した。
また、重合槽の下部から、重合用触媒の成分とし、ジメチルシリル(テトラメチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−tert−ブチル−5−メチル−2−フェノキシ)チタニウムジクロライドを0.005g/時間の供給速度で、トリフェニルメチルテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートを0.30g/時間の供給速度で、トリイソブチルアルミニウムを2.32g/時間の供給速度で、それぞれ連続的に供給した。
それと同時に、重合槽の上部から、重合槽中の反応混合物の容積が100Lを保持するように反応混合物を連続的に抜き出した。
重合反応は、重合槽の外部に有するジャケットに冷却水を循環させることによって、45℃で行った。
重合槽の上部から連続的に抜き出された反応混合物に少量のエタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させるとともに、残留の水素とモノマーを脱揮し、さらに、水洗浄した。次いで、大量の水中でスチームによって溶媒を除去し、80℃で1昼夜減圧乾燥することによって、プロピレン−1−ブテン共重合体(ポリオレフィン(A−1))を得た。プロピレン−1−ブテン共重合体の生成速度は7.0kg/時間であった。
ポリオレフィン(A−1)であるプロピレン−1−ブテン共重合体中のプロピレン単位の含有量は88%、1−ブテン単位の含有量は12%、結晶化度は6%、重量平均分子量は110,000であった。
In the following examples and comparative examples, the following (A-1) to (A-9) were used as the component (A).
Polyolefin (A-1):
A 100 L stainless steel polymerization tank equipped with a stirrer was dried under reduced pressure, hydrogen was supplied for molecular weight adjustment, and polymerized continuously by the following method to obtain polyolefin (A-1).
From the bottom of the polymerization tank, hexane as a polymerization solvent is supplied at a rate of 100 L / hour, propylene is supplied at a rate of 20.7 kg / hour, 1-butene is supplied at a rate of 4.2 kg / hour, and hydrogen gas is 120 g. Each was continuously fed at a feed rate of / hour.
Further, 0.005 g / hour of dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-phenoxy) titanium dichloride as a component of the polymerization catalyst is supplied from the lower part of the polymerization tank. At a rate, triphenylmethyltetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate was continuously fed at a feed rate of 0.30 g / hr and triisobutylaluminum was fed at a feed rate of 2.32 g / hr.
At the same time, the reaction mixture was continuously extracted from the upper part of the polymerization tank so that the volume of the reaction mixture in the polymerization tank was maintained at 100 L.
The polymerization reaction was performed at 45 ° C. by circulating cooling water through a jacket provided outside the polymerization tank.
A small amount of ethanol was added to the reaction mixture continuously extracted from the upper part of the polymerization tank to stop the polymerization reaction, and the remaining hydrogen and monomers were devolatilized, followed by washing with water. Next, the solvent was removed with steam in a large amount of water, and dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for one day to obtain a propylene-1-butene copolymer (polyolefin (A-1)). The production rate of the propylene-1-butene copolymer was 7.0 kg / hour.
The propylene unit content in the propylene-1-butene copolymer, which is the polyolefin (A-1), is 88%, the 1-butene unit content is 12%, the crystallinity is 6%, and the weight average molecular weight is 110%. 000.
ポリオレフィン(A−2):ペレット表層部(15%)のみに結晶成分を含み、プロピレン単位を99%含有し、結晶化度が7%、重量平均分子量が200,000である住友化学製の「タフセレン T3712」を使用した。 Polyolefin (A-2): Sumitomo Chemical manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical, which contains a crystal component only in the surface part of the pellet (15%), contains 99% propylene units, has a crystallinity of 7%, and a weight average molecular weight of 200,000 Tough selenium T3712 "was used.
ポリオレフィン(A−3):重合用触媒成分の一つに、ジメチルシリル(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−tert−ブチル−5−メチル−2−フェノキシ)チタニウムジクロライドを使用し、プロピレンを24.0kg/時間の供給速度で, 1−ブテンを1.0kg/時間の供給速度で、水素ガスを100g/時間の供給速度で、それぞれ連続的に供給した以外は、ポリオレフィン(A−1)の製造方法と同様にして、プロピレン単位の含有量が98%、1−ブテン単位の含有量が2%、結晶化度が0.2%、重量平均分子量が102,000であるポリオレフィン(A−3)を得た。 Polyolefin (A-3): As one of the polymerization catalyst components, dimethylsilyl (cyclopentadienyl) (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-phenoxy) titanium dichloride is used and 24.0 kg of propylene is used. Production method of polyolefin (A-1) except that 1-butene was continuously supplied at a supply rate of 1.0 kg / hour and hydrogen gas was continuously supplied at a supply rate of 100 g / hour. In the same manner, a polyolefin (A-3) having a propylene unit content of 98%, a 1-butene unit content of 2%, a crystallinity of 0.2%, and a weight average molecular weight of 102,000 is obtained. Obtained.
ポリオレフィン(A−4):プロピレン単位を85%含有する非晶性αオレフィン共重合体であって、重量平均分子量が56,000、結晶化度が7%のハンツマンポリマーズ(Huntsman Polymers)社製の「REXTAC RT2535」を使用した。 Polyolefin (A-4): An amorphous α-olefin copolymer containing 85% of propylene units, having a weight average molecular weight of 56,000 and a crystallinity of 7%, manufactured by Huntsman Polymers “REXTAC RT2535” was used.
ポリオレフィン(A−5):プロピレン単位を96%含有し、結晶化度が15%、重量平均分子量が69,000であるハンツマンポリマーズ社製の「REXTAC RT2280」を使用した。 Polyolefin (A-5): “REXTAC RT2280” manufactured by Huntsman Polymers Co., which contains 96% of propylene units, has a crystallinity of 15% and a weight average molecular weight of 69,000 was used.
ポリオレフィン(A−6):重合用触媒成分の一つに、ジメチルシリル(メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−tert−ブチル−5−メチル−2−フェノキシ)チタニウムジクロライドを使用し、プロピレンを26.0kg/時間の供給速度で、水素ガスを80g/時間の供給速度で、それぞれ連続的に供給し、1−ブテンを供給しなかった以外はポリオレフィン(A−1)と同様にして、ホモポリプロピレンであるポリオレフィン(A−6)を得た。得られたポリオレフィン(A−6)の結晶化度は7%、重量平均分子量は94,000であった。 Polyolefin (A-6): As one of the polymerization catalyst components, dimethylsilyl (methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-phenoxy) titanium dichloride was used, and propylene was treated with 26. In the same manner as polyolefin (A-1) except that hydrogen gas was continuously supplied at a supply rate of 0 kg / hour and hydrogen gas was supplied at a supply rate of 80 g / hour, and 1-butene was not supplied. A certain polyolefin (A-6) was obtained. The obtained polyolefin (A-6) had a crystallinity of 7% and a weight average molecular weight of 94,000.
ポリオレフィン(A−7):重合用触媒成分の一つに、ジメチルシリル(n−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−tert−ブチル−5−メチル−2−フェノキシ)チタニウムジクロライドを、プロピレンを20.0kg/時間の供給速度で、1−ブテンを5.0kg/時間の供給速度で、水素ガスを150g/時間の供給速度で、それぞれ連続的に供給した以外はポリオレフィン(A−1)の製造方法と同様にして、プロピレン−1−ブテン共重合体であるポリオレフィン(A−7)を得た。
ポリオレフィン(A−7)のプロピレン−1−ブテン共重合体中のプロピレン単位の含有量は85%、1−ブテン単位の含有量は15%、結晶化度は0%、重量平均分子量は96,000であった。
Polyolefin (A-7): As one of the polymerization catalyst components, dimethylsilyl (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-phenoxy) titanium dichloride and propylene in 20. Production method of polyolefin (A-1) except that 1-butene was supplied at a supply rate of 0 kg / hour, a supply rate of 5.0 kg / hour, and hydrogen gas was supplied continuously at a supply rate of 150 g / hour. In the same manner as above, a polyolefin (A-7) which is a propylene-1-butene copolymer was obtained.
The content of propylene units in the propylene-1-butene copolymer of polyolefin (A-7) is 85%, the content of 1-butene units is 15%, the crystallinity is 0%, and the weight average molecular weight is 96, 000.
ポリオレフィン(A−8):プロピレン単位を98%含有し、結晶化度が19%、重量平均分子量が71,000であるハンツマンポリマーズ社製の「REXTAC RT2180」を使用した。 Polyolefin (A-8): “REXTAC RT2180” manufactured by Huntsman Polymers Co., which contains 98% propylene units, has a crystallinity of 19% and a weight average molecular weight of 71,000 was used.
ポリオレフィン(A−9):プロピレン単位を62%含有し、結晶化度が7.5%で、重量平均分子量が68,000であるハンツマンポリマーズ社製の「REXTAC RT2780」を使用した。 Polyolefin (A-9): “REXTAC RT2780” manufactured by Huntsman Polymers Co., which contains 62% propylene units, has a crystallinity of 7.5% and a weight average molecular weight of 68,000 was used.
(B)成分としては、下記(B−1)〜(B−8)を用いた。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1):酸価40mg/g、重量平均分子量3,000の酸変性ポリプロピレンワックスであるクラリアント社製の「TP Licocene PPMA 6252」。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−2):酸価3.5mg/g、重量平均分子量10,000の酸変性ポリプロピレンである三洋化成工業製「ユーメックス100TS」。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−3):酸価30mg/g、重量平均分子量2,000の酸変性ポリエチレンワックスである三井化学製「ハイワックス 2203A」。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−4):酸価52mg/g、重量平均分子量30,000の酸変性ポリプロピレンである三洋化成工業製「ユーメックス1010」。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−5):酸価26mg/g、重量平均分子量40,000の酸変性ポリプロピレンである三洋化成工業製「ユーメックス1001」。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−6):酸価60mg/g、重量平均分子量1,100の酸変性ポリエチレンである三井化学製「ハイワックス1105A」。
ポリプロピレンワックス(B−7):酸変性されておらず、重量平均分子量7,000のポリプロピレンワックスである三井化学製「ハイワックスNP055」。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−8):酸価110mg/g、重量平均分子量10,000のα−オレフィン/無水マレイン酸共重合物である三菱化学製「ダイヤカルナ30」。
As the component (B), the following (B-1) to (B-8) were used.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B-1): “TP Licocene PPMA 6252” manufactured by Clariant, which is an acid-modified polypropylene wax having an acid value of 40 mg / g and a weight average molecular weight of 3,000.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B-2): “Yumex 100TS” manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, which is an acid-modified polypropylene having an acid value of 3.5 mg / g and a weight average molecular weight of 10,000.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B-3): “High Wax 2203A” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, which is an acid-modified polyethylene wax having an acid value of 30 mg / g and a weight average molecular weight of 2,000.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B-4): “Yumex 1010” manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, which is an acid-modified polypropylene having an acid value of 52 mg / g and a weight average molecular weight of 30,000.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B-5): “Yumex 1001” manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, which is an acid-modified polypropylene having an acid value of 26 mg / g and a weight average molecular weight of 40,000.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B-6): “High Wax 1105A” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, which is acid-modified polyethylene having an acid value of 60 mg / g and a weight average molecular weight of 1,100.
Polypropylene wax (B-7): “High Wax NP055” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, which is a polypropylene wax that is not acid-modified and has a weight average molecular weight of 7,000.
Acid-modified polyolefin (B-8): “Diacarna 30” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical, which is an α-olefin / maleic anhydride copolymer having an acid value of 110 mg / g and a weight average molecular weight of 10,000.
(実施例1)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)と、ポリオレフィン100部に対して、10部の酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)と、ポリオレフィン100部に対して3部のオレイン酸カリウムを、二軸押出機(スクリュー径;30mm、L/D;40、バレル温度;200℃)にその投入口から供給して溶融混練した。
また、該二軸押出機のベント部に設けた供給口より14%の水酸化カリウム水溶液を、ポリオレフィン100部に対する水の量が4部になるように、1.8MPaで圧入した。
そして、二軸押出機先端より押し出された固形状の水性分散体を、165質量部の温水中で分散させて、固形分濃度が40%で、平均粒子径0.21μmの水性分散液を得た。
Example 1
To the polyolefin (A-1), 100 parts of polyolefin, 10 parts of acid-modified polyolefin (B-1), and 3 parts of potassium oleate to 100 parts of polyolefin, twin screw extruder (screw diameter; 30 mm, L / D; 40, barrel temperature; 200 ° C.) from the inlet, and melt-kneaded.
Further, a 14% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution was press-fitted at 1.8 MPa so that the amount of water relative to 100 parts of polyolefin was 4 parts from a supply port provided in the vent part of the twin-screw extruder.
Then, the solid aqueous dispersion extruded from the tip of the twin-screw extruder is dispersed in 165 parts by mass of warm water to obtain an aqueous dispersion having a solid content concentration of 40% and an average particle size of 0.21 μm. It was.
得られた水性分散体の付着性および水性分散体より得た被膜の耐水性を、以下のように評価した。その結果を表1に示す。なお、他の実施例、比較例についてもこの評価方法を適用した。
[試験片の作製]
ホモPPであるプライムポリマー社製の「J106G」と、ブロックPPの「J715M」について、それぞれ、100×100mm、厚さ2mmの平板を射出成形により得た。
この平板の表面を脱脂処理した後、No.13のコーティングバーを使用して、厚さ10μmになるように水性分散液を塗布した。そして、70℃で20分間乾燥し、室温で24時間静置して被膜を形成し、被膜を形成した平板を試験片として用いた。
[付着性試験]
カッターにより被膜にPP製平板に達する切れ目を、1mm間隔で100個のマス目が形成されるように形成した。それらのマス目にセロハンテープ(登録商標、ニチバン社製)を密着させた後、引き剥がし、残存したマス目の数を記録した。残存したマス目の数が多い程、付着性に優れる。
[耐水性試験]
金属製のカゴの中に入れた試験片を、40℃の温水中に完全に浸漬させ、10日間放置した。その後、温水中から取出し、外観に異常が認められなければ、引き続き、上記付着性試験と同様の試験を行った。残存したマス目の数が多い程、耐水性に優れる。
The adhesion of the obtained aqueous dispersion and the water resistance of the coating obtained from the aqueous dispersion were evaluated as follows. The results are shown in Table 1. This evaluation method was applied to other examples and comparative examples.
[Preparation of test piece]
A plate of 100 × 100 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was obtained by injection molding for “J106G” manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., which is a homo PP, and “J715M” of a block PP, respectively.
After degreasing the surface of this flat plate, No. The aqueous dispersion was applied to a thickness of 10 μm using 13 coating bars. And it dried at 70 degreeC for 20 minute (s), and left still at room temperature for 24 hours, the film was formed, and the flat plate in which the film was formed was used as a test piece.
[Adhesion test]
The cuts reaching the PP flat plate were formed on the film by a cutter so that 100 squares were formed at 1 mm intervals. Cellophane tape (registered trademark, manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) was adhered to the cells, and then peeled off, and the number of cells remaining was recorded. The greater the number of remaining cells, the better the adhesion.
[Water resistance test]
The test piece placed in a metal cage was completely immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. and left for 10 days. Then, it took out from warm water, and if the abnormality was not recognized in the external appearance, the same test as the said adhesion test was performed continuously. The greater the number of remaining cells, the better the water resistance.
(実施例2)
酸変性ポリプロピレンワックス(B−1)を、ポリオレフィン100部に対して6部添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.26μmの水性分散体を得た。そして、実施例1と同様にして付着性および耐水性を評価した。その結果を表1に示す。
(Example 2)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.26 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6 parts of acid-modified polypropylene wax (B-1) was added to 100 parts of polyolefin. Then, adhesion and water resistance were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例3)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−2)を使用した以外は実施例2と同様にして、平均粒子径0.30μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
(Example 3)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.30 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the polyolefin (A-2) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例4)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−3)を使用した以外は実施例2と同様にして、平均粒子径0.28μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
Example 4
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle diameter of 0.28 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the polyolefin (A-3) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 1.
(参考例5)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−4)を使用した以外は実施例2と同様にして、平均粒子径0.32μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
( Reference Example 5)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.32 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the polyolefin (A-4) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 1.
(参考例6)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−5)を使用した以外は実施例2と同様にして、平均粒子径0.40μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
( Reference Example 6)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.40 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the polyolefin (A-5) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例7)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の代わりに酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−2)を使用し、オレイン酸カリウムの量を8部とした以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.45μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
(Example 7)
An average particle size of 0.45 μm was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that acid-modified polyolefin (B-2) was used instead of acid-modified polyolefin (B-1) and the amount of potassium oleate was 8 parts. An aqueous dispersion was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例8)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−2)の代わりに酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−3)を使用した以外は実施例7と同様にして、平均粒子径0.48μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
(Example 8)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.48 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the acid-modified polyolefin (B-3) was used instead of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-2). The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例9)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−2)の代わりに酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−4)を使用した以外は実施例7と同様にして、平均粒子径0.47μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
Example 9
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.47 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the acid-modified polyolefin (B-4) was used instead of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-2). The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例10)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の量を16部とし、アニオン型界面活性剤としてオレイン酸カリウムの代わりにドデシルベンゼンスルフォン酸(表中では、DBSと表記する。)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.38μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
(Example 10)
Example 1 except that the amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1) was 16 parts, and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (indicated in the table as DBS) was used instead of potassium oleate as an anionic surfactant. In the same manner, an aqueous dispersion having an average particle diameter of 0.38 μm was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例11)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の量を16部とし、水酸化カリウム水溶液を、ポリオレフィン100部に対する水の量が0.9部になるように添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.60μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
(Example 11)
The average amount of acid-modified polyolefin (B-1) was 16 parts, and an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was added in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of water relative to 100 parts of polyolefin was 0.9 parts. An aqueous dispersion having a particle size of 0.60 μm was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例12)
水酸化カリウム水溶液を、ポリオレフィン100部に対する水の量が15部になるように添加した以外は実施例11と同様にして、平均粒子径0.90μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表1に示す。
(Example 12)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle diameter of 0.90 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11 except that an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was added so that the amount of water relative to 100 parts of polyolefin was 15 parts. The results are shown in Table 1.
(比較例1)
攪拌機を備えた内容積2リットルのオートクレーブ内に、ポリオレフィン(A−1)100部に対して、トルエン500部を仕込み、125℃で1時間攪拌して溶解した後、90℃に冷却した。
また、これとは別に、攪拌機を備えた内容積2リットルのオートクレーブ内で、オレイン酸カリウム3部と水600部を含む水溶液を90℃に加熱し、その中に、前記ポリオレフィンのトルエン溶液を攪拌継続下で添加した。2時間攪拌して分散した後、エスエムテー社製(HG−92型)高速ホモジナイザーで、10,000rpmで10分間、分散した。
次いで、攪拌翼による攪拌を継続したまま、凝縮水を還流させながら、2時間水蒸気蒸留してトルエンを留去したが、トルエンを留去するにつれて凝集物が発生し、トルエンの全量を留去する前に凝集物が99部に達し、水性分散体を得ることができなかった。
(Comparative Example 1)
In an autoclave having an internal volume of 2 liters equipped with a stirrer, 500 parts of toluene was charged with respect to 100 parts of polyolefin (A-1), dissolved by stirring at 125 ° C. for 1 hour, and then cooled to 90 ° C.
Separately, an aqueous solution containing 3 parts of potassium oleate and 600 parts of water is heated to 90 ° C. in an autoclave having an internal volume of 2 liters equipped with a stirrer, and the toluene solution of the polyolefin is stirred therein. Added under continuation. After stirring for 2 hours to disperse, the mixture was dispersed with a high speed homogenizer manufactured by SMT (HG-92) at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes.
Next, while continuing the stirring by the stirring blade, while condensing water is refluxed, the steam is distilled for 2 hours to distill off the toluene, but as the toluene is distilled off, agglomerates are generated and the entire amount of toluene is distilled off. The aggregate reached 99 parts before and an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
(比較例2)
オレイン酸カリウムの量を10部に変更した以外は比較例1と同様にして水性分散体を得ようとしたが、90部の凝集物が生成し、水性分散体を得ることができなかった。
(Comparative Example 2)
An attempt was made to obtain an aqueous dispersion in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the amount of potassium oleate was changed to 10 parts. However, 90 parts of aggregates were formed, and an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
(比較例3)
オレイン酸カリウムの量を20部に変更した以外は比較例1と同様にしたところ、12部の凝集物を副生したが、固形分濃度14%で平均粒子径8.3μmの水性分散体を得た。そして、実施例1と同様にして付着性および耐水性を評価した。その結果を表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 3)
Except that the amount of potassium oleate was changed to 20 parts, the same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out. As a result, 12 parts of agglomerates were produced as a by-product. Obtained. Then, adhesion and water resistance were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
(比較例4)
比較例3の水性分散体の調製方法において、ポリオレフィン(A−1)に加えて、酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)10部を併せてトルエンに溶解し、オレイン酸カリウム水溶液に0.5部の水酸化カリウムを添加した以外は比較例3と同様にしたところ、2部の凝集物を副生したが、固形分濃度17%で平均粒子径8.5μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 4)
In the preparation method of the aqueous dispersion of Comparative Example 3, in addition to the polyolefin (A-1), 10 parts of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1) were dissolved in toluene, and 0.5 part of the aqueous potassium oleate solution was dissolved. Except for the addition of potassium hydroxide, the same procedure as in Comparative Example 3 was performed. As a result, 2 parts of aggregates were by-produced, but an aqueous dispersion having a solid content concentration of 17% and an average particle size of 8.5 μm was obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.
(比較例5)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の全量に替えて、酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)100部をトルエンに溶解し、オレイン酸カリウム10部と5部の水酸化カリウムを600部の水に溶解した以外は比較例3と同様にしたところ、2部の凝集物を副生したが、濃度16%で平均粒子径0.4μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 5)
Instead of the total amount of polyolefin (A-1), 100 parts of acid-modified polyolefin (B-1) was dissolved in toluene, except that 10 parts of potassium oleate and 5 parts of potassium hydroxide were dissolved in 600 parts of water. When the same procedure as in Comparative Example 3 was performed, 2 parts of aggregates were by-produced, and an aqueous dispersion having a concentration of 16% and an average particle size of 0.4 μm was obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.
(比較例6)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−6)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.27μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 6)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.27 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyolefin (A-6) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 2.
(比較例7)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−7)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.29μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 7)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.29 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyolefin (A-7) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 2.
(比較例8)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−8)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.24μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 8)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.24 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyolefin (A-8) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 2.
(比較例9)
ポリオレフィン(A−1)の代わりにポリオレフィン(A−9)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.30μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 9)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.30 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyolefin (A-9) was used instead of the polyolefin (A-1). The results are shown in Table 2.
(比較例10)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の量を4部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水性分散体を得ようとしたが、温水に希釈されず、凝集物ばかり生成して、水性分散体は得られなかった。
(Comparative Example 10)
An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1) was changed to 4 parts. However, the aqueous dispersion was not diluted with warm water but only aggregates were formed. No body was obtained.
(比較例11)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の量を25部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径2.3μmの水性分散体を得た。そして、実施例1と同様にして付着性および耐水性を評価した。その結果を表3に示す。
(Comparative Example 11)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 2.3 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1) was changed to 25 parts. Then, adhesion and water resistance were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
(比較例12)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の代わりに酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−5)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.50μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表3に示す。
(Comparative Example 12)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the acid-modified polyolefin (B-5) was used instead of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1). The results are shown in Table 3.
(比較例13)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の代わりに酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−6)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして水性分散体を得ようとしたが、温水に希釈されず、凝集物ばかり生成して、水性分散体は得られなかった。
(Comparative Example 13)
An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the acid-modified polyolefin (B-6) was used in place of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1). As a result, an aqueous dispersion was not obtained.
(比較例14)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の代わりに酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−7)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして水性分散体を得ようとしたが、温水に希釈されず、凝集物ばかり生成して、水性分散体は得られなかった。
(Comparative Example 14)
An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the acid-modified polyolefin (B-7) was used in place of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1). As a result, an aqueous dispersion was not obtained.
(比較例15)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−1)の代わりに酸変性ポリオレフィン(B−8)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.61μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表3に示す。
(Comparative Example 15)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle diameter of 0.61 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the acid-modified polyolefin (B-8) was used instead of the acid-modified polyolefin (B-1). The results are shown in Table 3.
(比較例16)
オレイン酸カリウムの量を0.5部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水性分散体を得ようとしたが、温水に希釈されず、凝集物ばかり生成して、水性分散体は得られなかった。
(Comparative Example 16)
An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of potassium oleate was changed to 0.5 part. However, the aqueous dispersion was not diluted with warm water and only aggregates were formed. I couldn't.
(比較例17)
オレイン酸カリウムの量を12部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径0.42μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表3に示す。
(Comparative Example 17)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle size of 0.42 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of potassium oleate was changed to 12 parts. The results are shown in Table 3.
(比較例18)
水酸化カリウム水溶液を、ポリオレフィン100部に対する水の量が0.4部になるように添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして水性分散体を得ようとしたが、温水に希釈されず、凝集物ばかり生成して、水性分散体は得られなかった。
(Comparative Example 18)
An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was added so that the amount of water relative to 100 parts of polyolefin was 0.4 parts. No matter how much was formed, no aqueous dispersion was obtained.
(比較例19)
水酸化カリウム水溶液を、ポリオレフィン100部に対する水の量が25部になるように添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして、平均粒子径2.1μmの水性分散体を得た。その結果を表3に示す。
(Comparative Example 19)
An aqueous dispersion having an average particle diameter of 2.1 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was added so that the amount of water relative to 100 parts of polyolefin was 25 parts. The results are shown in Table 3.
特定のポリオレフィン(A)と酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)とアニオン型界面活性剤(C)とを溶融混練して混練物を得る工程と、該混練物に水(D)を注入した後、さらに溶融混練する工程とを有する実施例1〜4,7〜12および参考例5,6の製造方法では、ポリプロピレンに対する付着性、水性分散体より得られる被膜の耐水性に優れていた。
これに対し、溶剤の存在下、オレイン酸カリウム量が10質量部以下の条件で高速攪拌によりポリオレフィン(A)を分散させた比較例1,2の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
オレイン酸カリウム量を20質量部まで増加させた比較例3では、水性分散体が得られた。ただし、平均粒子径は大きく、歩留まりが低く、付着性、耐水性も低かった。
また、比較例3の製造方法に酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を加えた比較例4でも、付着性、耐水性は低かった。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を含むが、ポリオレフィン(A)を含まない比較例5の製造方法では、0.4μmの平均粒子径のものが得られたが、付着性、耐水性は発現しなかった。
ポリオレフィン(A)をホモポリプロピレンとした比較例6の製造方法では、付着性および耐水性が低かった。
結晶化度が0.1%未満のポリオレフィン(A)を用いた比較例7の製造方法では、付着性および耐水性が低かった。
結晶化度が16%を超えるポリオレフィン(A)を用いた比較例8の製造方法では、付着性および耐水性が低かった。
プロピレン単位が80%未満のポリオレフィン(A)を用いた比較例9の製造方法では、付着性および耐水性が低かった。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の添加量を5部未満とした比較例10の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の添加量を20部より多くした比較例11の製造方法では、付着性および耐水性が低かった。
重量平均分子量が35,000を超える酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を用いた比較例12の製造方法では、付着性および耐水性が低かった。
重量平均分子量が1,800未満の酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を用いた比較例13の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
酸価が3mg/g未満の酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を用いた比較例14の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
酸価が80mg/gを超える酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)を用いた比較例15の製造方法では、付着性および耐水性が低かった。
オレイン酸カリウムの添加量が1部未満であった比較例16の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
オレイン酸カリウムの添加量が10部を超えていた比較例17の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
水の添加量が0.5部未満であった比較例18の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
水の添加量が20部を超えていた比較例19の製造方法では、水性分散体が得られなかった。
A step of melting and kneading a specific polyolefin (A), an acid-modified polyolefin (B) and an anionic surfactant (C) to obtain a kneaded product, injecting water (D) into the kneaded product, and further melting In the production methods of Examples 1 to 4, 7 to 12 and Reference Examples 5 and 6 having a kneading step, the adhesion to polypropylene and the water resistance of the coating obtained from the aqueous dispersion were excellent.
In contrast, in the production methods of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the polyolefin (A) was dispersed by high-speed stirring under the condition that the amount of potassium oleate was 10 parts by mass or less in the presence of a solvent, an aqueous dispersion was not obtained. .
In Comparative Example 3 in which the amount of potassium oleate was increased to 20 parts by mass, an aqueous dispersion was obtained. However, the average particle size was large, the yield was low, and the adhesion and water resistance were also low.
Also in Comparative Example 4 in which acid-modified polyolefin (B) was added to the production method of Comparative Example 3, the adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 5 containing acid-modified polyolefin (B) but not containing polyolefin (A), an average particle size of 0.4 μm was obtained, but adhesion and water resistance were not expressed. .
In the production method of Comparative Example 6 in which the polyolefin (A) was homopolypropylene, adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 7 using the polyolefin (A) having a crystallinity of less than 0.1%, adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 8 using the polyolefin (A) having a crystallinity exceeding 16%, adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 9 using the polyolefin (A) having a propylene unit of less than 80%, adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 10 in which the addition amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) was less than 5 parts, an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
In the production method of Comparative Example 11 in which the addition amount of the acid-modified polyolefin (B) was more than 20 parts, adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 12 using the acid-modified polyolefin (B) having a weight average molecular weight exceeding 35,000, adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 13 using the acid-modified polyolefin (B) having a weight average molecular weight of less than 1,800, an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
In the production method of Comparative Example 14 using the acid-modified polyolefin (B) having an acid value of less than 3 mg / g, an aqueous dispersion was not obtained.
In the production method of Comparative Example 15 using the acid-modified polyolefin (B) having an acid value exceeding 80 mg / g, adhesion and water resistance were low.
In the production method of Comparative Example 16 in which the amount of potassium oleate added was less than 1 part, an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
In the production method of Comparative Example 17 in which the amount of potassium oleate added exceeded 10 parts, an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
In the production method of Comparative Example 18 in which the amount of water added was less than 0.5 part, an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
In the production method of Comparative Example 19 in which the amount of water added exceeded 20 parts, an aqueous dispersion could not be obtained.
Claims (4)
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)の重量平均分子量が1,800〜35,000、酸価が3〜80mg/gであることを特徴とする水性分散体。 Polyolefin (A), 5 to 20 parts by mass of acid-modified polyolefin (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A), and 1 to 10 parts by mass of anionic surfactant for 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A) agent (C), and an aqueous dispersion containing the water (D) 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, the polyolefin (a) is other than propylene units of 8 0 to 99 wt% of propylene units α The olefin unit is 1 to 20% by mass, the α-olefin unit contains 1-butene unit , and the crystallinity is 0.1 to 16%,
An aqueous dispersion, wherein the acid-modified polyolefin (B) has a weight average molecular weight of 1,800 to 35,000 and an acid value of 3 to 80 mg / g.
該混練物に、水(D)を、ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して0.5〜20質量部添加した後、さらに溶融混練する工程とを有する水性分散体の製造方法であって、
ポリオレフィン(A)として、プロピレン単位80〜99質量%とプロピレン単位以外のα−オレフィン単位1〜20質量%とからなり、α−オレフィン単位が1−ブテン単位を含有し、かつ、結晶化度が0.1〜16%のものを用い、
酸変性ポリオレフィン(B)として、重量平均分子量1,800〜35,000、酸価が3〜80mg/gのものを用いることを特徴とする水性分散体の製造方法。 Polyolefin (A), 5 to 20 parts by mass of acid-modified polyolefin (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A), and 1 to 10 parts by mass of anionic surfactant for 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A) A step of melt-kneading the agent (C) to obtain a kneaded product,
A method for producing an aqueous dispersion, comprising adding 0.5 to 20 parts by mass of water (D) to 100 parts by mass of polyolefin (A), and further melt-kneading the kneaded product,
As the polyolefin (A), propylene Unit consists of 8 0 to 99 wt% and 20 wt% alpha-olefin units other than propylene units, alpha-olefin unit containing 1-butene units, and the crystallization Using a degree of 0.1 to 16%,
A method for producing an aqueous dispersion, wherein the acid-modified polyolefin (B) has a weight average molecular weight of 1,800 to 35,000 and an acid value of 3 to 80 mg / g.
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