JP5312521B2 - Electric motors and air conditioners - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric motor and an air conditioner using the same.

  Many blower motors (hereinafter simply referred to as “motors”) installed in an air conditioner have built-in inverters from the viewpoint of structural convenience. When this motor is driven by an inverter, a voltage is induced between the rotor shaft ends or between the winding wound around the stator (stator) and the stator core (stator core) as the inverter is switched. It is known that Here, when the bearing that supports the rotating shaft is a bearing composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element, the voltage is applied between the inner ring and the outer ring, causing discharge inside the bearing, There is a risk of causing a problem called food. For this reason, various structural measures for preventing such electric corrosion have been proposed for inverter-driven electric motors.

  For example, the technology described in Patent Document 1 below is configured to electrically connect the outer rings of two bearings mounted on a frame and not to transmit the voltage generated between the winding and the stator core to the bearings. Yes.

JP 2010-158152 A

  However, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires a change in the structure of the bracket and the frame, which makes it difficult to share equipment for manufacturing a conventional electric motor. It was.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above, Comprising: It aims at obtaining the electric motor and air conditioner which can suppress the electrolytic corrosion of a bearing cheaply.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention includes a stator disposed in a frame, and a rotor having a permanent magnet disposed around a rotation shaft so as to face the stator. A pair of brackets disposed at both ends of the frame and supporting the rotating shaft, and a pair of bearings mounted on the bracket and supporting the rotating shaft, the surface of the rotating shaft between the bearings Is characterized in that a resistor having a resistivity higher than the resistivity of the rotating shaft is applied.

  According to the present invention, since the discharge current is suppressed only by changing the material of the support member, there is an effect that the electrolytic corrosion of the bearing can be suppressed at a low cost.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a path of a discharge current flowing through the bearing.

  Embodiments of an electric motor and an air conditioner according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Embodiment.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. An electric motor 1 shown in FIG. 1 mainly includes a stator 2, a rotor 5, a rotating shaft 9, a bearing 13, a bearing 15, an inverter 8 for generating a rotating magnetic field in the stator 2, and a mold frame. 10, a mold bracket 11, and a metal bracket 12.

  The stator 2 has a structure in which the stator core 4 is covered with an insulator 14 and the winding 3 is wound, and a rotating magnetic field is generated when the inverter 8 is switched.

  The rotor 5 includes a permanent magnet 6 that is provided around the rotary shaft 9 so as to face the stator 2, and an annular support member 7 that is disposed between the rotary shaft 9 and the permanent magnet 6 and is formed of resin. It is configured. The rotor 5 obtains a rotational force by the rotating magnetic field from the stator 2 and transmits torque to the rotating shaft 9, and a load (not shown) provided on the rotating shaft 9 (for example, a fan built in an indoor unit of an air conditioner). Drive.

The permanent magnet 6 is made of a magnetic material having a predetermined coercive magnetic force (e.g., a hard magnetic material). The support member 7 mechanically fixes the permanent magnet 6 to the rotating shaft 9. The mold frame 10 is formed integrally with the inverter 8 and includes the stator 2 and the rotor 5.

  The mold frame 10 is formed integrally with the inverter 8 and includes the stator 2 and the rotor 5. The mold bracket 11 is formed integrally with the mold frame 10 on the upper side of the mold frame 10 (upper side in FIG. 1), and surrounds and supports the outer ring a of the bearing 13. The metal bracket 12 is formed integrally with the mold frame 10 on the lower side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the mold frame 10 and surrounds and supports the outer ring a of the bearing 15.

  The bearing 13 is disposed while maintaining a predetermined interval in the rotation direction of the inner ring b, the inner ring b that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 9, the outer ring a provided on the mold bracket 11, and between the inner ring b and the outer ring a. It is comprised with the some rolling element c arrange | positioned so that rolling is possible. Similarly, the bearing 15 includes an inner ring b, an outer ring a provided on the metal bracket 12, and a plurality of rolling elements c.

  Next, the generation principle of electrolytic corrosion and the mechanism for suppressing electrolytic corrosion will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the path of the discharge current flowing through the bearings 13 and 15. When the electric motor 1 is driven by the inverter 8, an imbalance occurs in the applied power source, or an imbalance occurs in the windings 3 of each phase applied to the stator 2. A voltage is induced between 9 shaft ends. When this voltage exceeds the dielectric breakdown voltage of the oil film inside the bearings 13 and 15, a minute current (discharge current) flows inside the bearings 13 and 15. This discharge current causes electrolytic corrosion inside the bearings 13 and 15. When electrolytic corrosion progresses, a wavy wear phenomenon occurs in the inner ring b, the outer ring a, or the rolling element c, and abnormal noise resulting from this wear phenomenon is one of the main causes of problems in the motor.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a discharge current path. The discharge current flows through the electric motor 1 through a “path A” as shown by a solid line, and includes an inverter 8, a mold bracket 11, a bearing 13, a rotating shaft 9, and a bearing. 15, the metal bracket 12, the stator 2, and the conductor of the winding 3 are passed through. Note that a path in which the discharge current directly flows from the rotor 5 to the stator 2 can be considered, as in “path B” indicated by a dotted line. Therefore, the radial impedance in the rotor 5 is high and can be ignored as a discharge path. Therefore, in the following description, a path A indicated by a solid line is described as a discharge path.

  The resonance frequency of the discharge current in a small blower motor is several tens to several hundreds of MHz. Therefore, by suppressing the current flowing through the rotating shaft 9 in the vicinity of this resonance frequency, the discharge current is quickly reduced and the electric current is reduced. It becomes possible to suppress food. On the other hand, when a high-frequency current flows through the conductor (for example, the rotating shaft 9), the high-frequency current flows close to the surface of the conductor as the frequency becomes higher, but the more away from the surface (the closer to the center portion). Almost no current flows due to increased AC resistance. This phenomenon is called the skin effect. When a current flows near the center of a conductor, a magnetic field is generated in the perpendicular direction, and the density of this magnetic field becomes stronger at the center of the conductor, and a back electromotive force is generated by the magnetic field. Work to block the flow of current. As described above, since a large amount of high-frequency current (that is, discharge current) flows on the surface of the conductor, if the high-frequency current can be reduced by providing the resistor 18 on the surface of the conductor, compared to the case without the resistor 18. Thus, the electric corrosion inside the bearings 13 and 15 can be suppressed.

In the electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment, a resistor having a resistivity higher than the resistivity of the rotating shaft 9 is applied to the surface of the rotating shaft 9 between the bearings 13 and 15. The surface of the rotating shaft 9 is a predetermined thickness from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 9 toward the center line 20 of the rotating shaft 9. The predetermined thickness is not particularly limited. For example, the skin depth d is a distance from the conductor surface that is 1 / e (about 37%) of the current flowing through the conductor surface, and d = ( 2ρ / ωμ) ^1/2 (defined by ρ: resistivity of conductor, ω: angular velocity of current = 2πf, μ: permeability of conductor)) or more. For example, when the conductor is iron and the frequency of the high-frequency current is 100 MHz, the skin depth d is about 15.92 μm. Therefore, when the rotary shaft 9 is made of iron, the predetermined thickness is 15.92 μm or more. It becomes.

  The resistor 18 according to the present embodiment can be obtained, for example, by annealing the surface of the rotating shaft 9 or by forming a carbon film resistor or the like on the surface of the rotating shaft 9. The position of the resistor 18 will be described. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the resistor 18 may be provided entirely between the support member 7 and the rotating shaft 9. By providing the resistor 18 in this way, the discharge current flowing on the surface of the rotating shaft 9 can be effectively suppressed.

  As another example, the resistor 18 may be provided between the rotor 5 and the bearing 13 or between the rotor 5 and the bearing 15. By providing the resistor 18 in this way, the discharge current is effectively suppressed by effectively using the gap provided between the rotor 5 and the bearing 13 or between the rotor 5 and the bearing 15. In addition, the number of processing steps can be reduced as compared with the case where the resistor 18 is provided as a whole between the support member 7 and the rotary shaft 9.

  As another example, the resistor 18 may be provided between the rotor 5 and the support member 7. This embodiment is effective, for example, for the electric motor 1 in which there is almost no gap between the rotor 5 and the bearing 13 or between the rotor 5 and the bearing 15, and thus the resistor 18 is provided. Even in this case, the discharge current can be effectively suppressed, and the number of processing steps can be reduced as compared with the case where the resistor 18 is entirely provided between the support member 7 and the rotating shaft 9.

  The operation will be described below. When the inverter 8 is switched, a discharge current generated by inducing a voltage between the shaft ends of the rotating shaft 9 flows on the surface of the rotating shaft 9. This discharging current is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 9. The flow of the resistor 18 is hindered. As a result, electrolytic corrosion inside the bearings 13 and 15 is suppressed.

  In the above description, the case where the electric motor 1 is applied to an indoor unit of an air conditioner has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the electric motor 1 can also be applied to an outdoor unit.

  As described above, the electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment is provided around the stator (stator) 2 disposed in the mold frame (frame) 10 and the rotating shaft 9 so as to face the stator 2. A rotor 5 having permanent magnets 6, a pair of brackets (mold bracket 11, metal bracket 12) disposed at both ends of the mold frame 10 to support the rotating shaft 9, and the brackets (mold bracket 11, metal bracket 12). ) And a pair of bearings 13 and 15 that support the rotating shaft 9, and a resistor having a higher resistivity than that of the rotating shaft 9 is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 9 between the bearings 13 and 15. Therefore, it is possible to effectively attenuate the discharge current that causes electric corrosion. Conventionally, in order to improve the electric corrosion resistance, a method of changing the structure of the bracket and the frame, a method of interposing an insulating sleeve between the rotating shaft 9 and the inner ring b of the bearings 13 and 15, There are a technique using ceramic for the rolling element c, and a technique for fixing a magnetic material having a large hysteresis loss to the outer peripheral portion of the shaft between the bearings 13 and 15 and the rotor core. However, these methods have a problem that the manufacturing cost increases or the electric motor becomes larger. Since the electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment can suppress the discharge current only by providing the resistor 18 on the rotating shaft 9, the manufacturing equipment for the electric motor 1 can be shared. As a result, it is possible to suppress the electrolytic corrosion of the bearings 13 and 15 at low cost.

  Further, since the resistor 18 according to the present embodiment is provided between the rotor 5 and the bearing 13 (or between the rotor 5 and the bearing 15), the resistor 18 is provided between the rotor 5 and the bearing 13. The gap provided in (or between the rotor 5 and the bearing 15) can be effectively used to effectively suppress the discharge current, and the resistor 18 is provided between the support member 7 and the rotary shaft 9. The number of processing steps can be reduced as compared to the case where the entire surface is provided.

  The electric motor 1 according to the present embodiment has a support member 7 disposed between the rotary shaft 9 and the permanent magnet 6 so as to support the permanent magnet 6, and the resistor 18 includes the rotor 5. Since it is provided between the support member 7 and the rotor 5 and the bearing 13 (or between the rotor 5 and the bearing 15), the discharge current in the electric motor 1 in which almost no gap is provided is effective. The number of processing steps can be reduced as compared with the case where the resistor 18 is provided as a whole between the support member 7 and the rotating shaft 9.

  Moreover, since the air conditioner according to the present embodiment is provided with the electric motor 1 as an electric motor for driving the indoor unit fan, noise due to electric corrosion of the bearings 13 and 15 can be reduced. In particular, noise is a problem caused by the electric corrosion of the bearings 13 and 15, and the indoor unit of the air conditioner is required to be quiet in order to be used in a living space for a long time, and the resistance to electric corrosion can be improved. This is because it greatly contributes to product reliability.

  The electric motor and the air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention show an example of the content of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and depart from the gist of the present invention. Of course, it is possible to change and configure such as omitting a part within the range.

  As described above, the present invention can be applied to an electric motor, and is particularly useful as an invention capable of suppressing electric corrosion of a bearing at a low cost without changing dimensions.

1 Electric motor 2 Stator (stator)
3 Winding 4 Stator core 5 Rotor (rotor)
6 Permanent magnet 7 Support member 8 Inverter 9 Rotating shaft 10 Mold frame 11 Mold bracket 12 Metal bracket 13, 15 Bearing 14 Insulator 18 Resistor 20 Center line A, B Discharge current path a Outer ring b Inner ring c Rolling element

Claims (4)

A stator disposed in the frame;
A rotor having a permanent magnet disposed around a rotation shaft facing the stator;
A pair of brackets disposed at both ends of the frame and supporting the rotating shaft;
A pair of bearings mounted on the bracket and supporting the rotating shaft;
With
A motor having a resistivity higher than that of the rotating shaft is provided on a surface of the rotating shaft between the bearings.   The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the resistor is provided between the rotor and the bearing. A support member disposed between the rotating shaft and the permanent magnet so as to support the permanent magnet;
The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the resistor is provided between the rotor and the support member. An air conditioner comprising the electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a fan driving electric motor for an indoor unit and / or an outdoor unit.

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