JP5387433B2 - Method for producing polylactic acid resin - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for efficiently producing a polylactic acid resin excellent in high molecular weight, high melting point, high thermal stability and hue.

  In recent years, polylactic acid has attracted attention as a plant-derived carbon neutral material from the viewpoint of environmental conservation. Polylactic acid has a high melting point and can be melt-molded. Furthermore, since lactic acid, which is a monomer, has been produced at low cost by fermentation using microorganisms, biomass can replace general-purpose plastics derived from petroleum raw materials. Expected as a plastic, it is gradually being used.

  The main production methods of polylactic acid include a ring-opening polymerization method in which lactide which is a dimer of lactic acid is ring-opened and polymerized, and a direct polycondensation method in which dehydration polycondensation is performed using lactic acid. Compared with the ring-opening polymerization method, it is said that polylactic acid can be produced at low cost because lactic acid can be directly used as a polymerization raw material without passing through a step of synthesizing lactide.

  Patent Documents 1 to 5 describe the direct polycondensation method. However, there are problems that the molecular weight is still low and mechanical properties such as strength cannot be satisfied, a problem that a solvent removal process is necessary due to the use of a solvent, a problem that a longer polymerization time and a further improvement in productivity are necessary. There was a desire to improve them.

JP-A-8-183840 (page 1-4) JP 2000-297145 A (page 1-8) JP 2000-297143 A (page 1-8) JP-A-11-106499 (page 1-4) JP 2001-192445 A (page 1-19)

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing a polylactic acid resin having a high molecular weight, a high melting point, and excellent thermal stability and hue.

  As a result of voluntary studies to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a specific amount of a tin compound and sulfur acid as a catalyst, and directly polymerizes a polylactic acid resin having high molecular weight, high melting point, high thermal stability, and excellent hue. A method for efficient production has been found and the present invention has been achieved.

That is, the method for producing the polylactic acid resin of the present invention comprises:
(1) lactic acid as raw material, by polycondensation directly, a method for producing a polylactic acid resin, with a tin compound and a sulfur acid as a catalyst, the addition amount of tin atoms in terms of tin compound to the polylactic acid-based resin 200 to 1000 ppm, the amount of sulfur acid added to the polylactic acid resin is 400 to 2000 ppm in terms of sulfur atom, and the weight ratio of sulfur atom of sulfur acid to tin atom of the tin compound is 0.5 to 3. 5, a method for producing a polylactic acid-based resin,
(2) The amount of tin compound added to the polylactic acid resin is from 300 to 800 ppm in terms of tin atoms, and the amount of sulfur acid added to the polylactic acid resin is from 600 to 1600 ppm in terms of sulfur atoms (1) A method for producing the polylactic acid-based resin according to (1),
(3) The amount of tin compound added to the polylactic acid resin is 300 to 800 ppm in terms of tin atoms, and the amount of sulfur acid added to the polylactic acid resin is in the range of 600 to 1600 ppm in terms of sulfur atoms. The method for producing a polylactic acid-based resin according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the weight ratio of tin atoms to sulfur atoms of sulfur acid to be added is 1.5 to 2.5,
(4) The method for producing a polylactic acid resin according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the tin compound is tin acetate or a tin octylate compound,
(5) The above (1) to (4), wherein the sulfur acid is at least one selected from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1-propanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and sulfuric acid. ) For producing a polylactic acid resin according to any one of
(6) The method for producing a polylactic acid resin according to any one of (1) to (5), further comprising adding a stabilizer,
(7) The production of the polylactic acid-based resin as described in (6) above, wherein the stabilizer is a phosphorus compound, and the ratio of the metal atom of the tin compound to the phosphorus atom of the phosphorus compound is 0.5-3. Method,
(8) The method for producing a polylactic acid resin according to any one of the above (1) to (7), comprising the following three steps:
(A) a first step of performing melt polymerization under the following conditions a-1 to a-4;
(A-1) No catalyst or in the presence of sulfur acid (a-2) Temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. (a-3) Pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa or inert gas stream (a-4) 0.3 to A reaction time of 10 hours (B) a second step of performing melt polymerization under the following conditions b-1 to b-4;
(B-1) In the presence of tin compound and sulfur acid (b-2) Temperature of 140 to 200 ° C. (b-3) Pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa or inert gas stream (b-4) 0.3 to A third step in which solid state polymerization is carried out at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point (C) melting point for 10 hours;
(9) The polylactic acid system according to (8) above, wherein the crystallization treatment is performed at a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C. after the completion of the second step (B) and before the start of the third step (C). Resin production method,
It is.

  A polylactic acid resin excellent in high molecular weight, high melting point, high thermal stability and hue can be produced efficiently.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  In the present invention, the polylactic acid-based resin is a polymer having L-lactic acid and / or D-lactic acid as a main component. When L-lactic acid is a main component, it is called poly-L-lactic acid, and D -When lactic acid is a main component, it is called poly-D-lactic acid.

  When the polylactic acid resin is poly-L-lactic acid, it preferably contains 70 mol% or more of L-lactic acid units, more preferably contains 90 mol% or more, and contains 95 mol% or more. It is more preferable that the content is 98 mol% or more.

  When the polylactic acid resin is poly-D-lactic acid, it preferably contains 70 mol% or more, more preferably 90 mol% or more, and more preferably 95 mol% or more D-lactic acid units. It is more preferable to contain 98 mol% or more.

  In this invention, the other component unit may be included in the range which does not impair the performance of the polylactic acid-type resin obtained by this invention. Examples of component units other than L-lactic acid or D-lactic acid units include polycarboxylic acids, polyhydric alcohols, hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones, and the like. Specifically, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, Polycarboxylic acids such as fumaric acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, 5-tetrabutylphosphonium sulfoisophthalic acid or their derivatives, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butane Diol, hexanediol, octanediol, neopentylglycol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, or polyhydric alcohol obtained by adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to pentaerythritol, Aromatic polyhydric alcohols obtained by addition reaction of phenol with ethylene oxide, polyhydric alcohols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or their derivatives, glycolic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 4 -Hydroxycarboxylic acids such as hydroxyvaleric acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid, and glycolide, ε-caprolactone glycolide, ε-caprolactone, β-propiolactone, δ-butyrolactone, β- or γ-butyrolactone, pivalolactone, δ-valerolactone Examples include lactones such as lactones.

  The optical purity of the lactic acid used is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 98% or more, and particularly preferably 99% or more. When lactic acid is L-lactic acid, the content of D-lactic acid is preferably 2.5% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and particularly preferably 0.5% or less. When lactic acid is D-lactic acid, the content of L-lactic acid is preferably 2.5% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and particularly preferably 0.5% or less.

  Although it does not restrict | limit especially as a tin compound used by this invention, A metal alkoxide, a metal halogen compound, organic carboxylate, carbonate, a sulfate, an oxide etc. are preferable. Specifically, tin powder, tin (II) chloride, tin (IV) chloride, tin (II) bromide, tin (IV) bromide, ethoxy tin (II), t-butoxy tin (IV), isopropoxy Tin (IV), tin acetate (II), tin acetate (IV), tin octylate (II), tin (II) laurate, tin (II) myristate, tin (II) palmitate, tin stearate (II) ), Tin (II) oleate, tin (II) linoleate, tin (II) acetylacetone, tin (II) oxalate, tin (II) lactate, tin (II) tartrate, tin (II) pyrophosphate, p- Phenol sulfonate tin (II), bis (methane sulfonate) tin (II), tin sulfate (II), tin oxide (II), tin oxide (IV), tin sulfide (II), tin sulfide (IV), oxidation Dimethyltin (IV), methylphenyltin (IV) oxide, dibutyltin (IV) oxide, dioctyltin (IV) oxide, diphenyltin (IV) oxide, tributyltin oxide, triethyltin hydroxide (IV) , Triphenyltin hydroxide (IV), tributyltin hydride, monobutyltin (IV) oxide, tetramethyltin (IV), tetraethyltin (IV), tetrabutyltin (IV), dibutyldiphenyltin (IV), tetraphenyl Tin (IV), tributyltin acetate (IV), triisobutyltin acetate (IV), triphenyltin acetate (IV), dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dioctanoate, dibutyltin dilaurate (IV), dibutyltin maleate (IV), dibutyltin bis (acetylacetonate), tributyltin chloride (IV), dibutyltin dichloride, monobutyltin trichloride, dioctyltin dichloride, triphenyltin chloride (IV), tributyltin sulfide, tributyltin sulfate , Tin (II) trifluoromethanesulfonate, ammonium hexachlorotin (IV), dibutyltin sulfide, diphenyltin sulfide, triethyltin sulfate Fine phthalocyanine tin (II), it can be used sodium stannate, stannate magnesium, potassium stannate, stannic calcium stannate manganese, stannate, bismuth stannate, barium, etc. stannate strontium.

  As the tin compound, a divalent tin compound is preferable, and tin (II) acetate or tin (II) octylate is particularly preferable.

  The addition amount of the tin compound is 200 to 1000 ppm in terms of tin atom, more preferably 300 to 800 ppm, and particularly preferably 350 to 700 ppm with respect to the polylactic acid resin. The amount of polylactic acid resin here is the theoretical polymer amount calculated from the monomer.

  As the sulfur acid used in the present invention, it is preferable to use organic sulfonic acid, organic sulfinic acid, organic sulfenic acid, sulfur oxo acid and the like. Examples of the organic sulfonic acid include benzenesulfonic acid, n-butylbenzenesulfonic acid, n-octylbenzenesulfonic acid, n-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, pentadecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2,5-dimethylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2,5- Dibutylbenzenesulfonic acid, o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid, 3, 5-diamino-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonic acid, hydroxynitrobenzenesulfonic acid, aminotoluenesulfonic acid, p-phenolsulfone Acid, aminophenolsulfonic acid, cumenesulfonic acid, xylenesulfonic acid, o-cresolsulfonic acid, m-cresolsulfonic acid, p-cresolsulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid , Isopropylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, dodecylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, dinonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, naphtholsulfonic acid, naphthylaminesulfonic acid, sulfanilamide, sulfaguanidine, dinonylnaphthalenedisulfonic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 2,7- Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, aminohydroxynaphthalenedisulfonic acid, 4,4-biphenyldisulfonic acid, anthraquinonesulfonic acid, m-benzenedisulfonic acid, 2,5-diamino-1,3-benzenedisulfur Acid, naphthol disulfonic acid, aniline-2,4-disulfonic acid, anthraquinone-1,5-disulfonic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, catechol disulfonic acid, phenol disulfonic acid and other aromatic sulfonic acids, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid 1-propanesulfonic acid, butanesulfonic acid, pentanesulfonic acid, hexanesulfonic acid, heptanesulfonic acid, n-octylsulfonic acid, nonanesulfonic acid, decanesulfonic acid, undecylsulfonic acid, dodecylsulfonic acid, tridecylsulfonic acid Tetradecylsulfonic acid, pentadecylsulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, trichloromethanesulfonic acid, methanedisulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid, 1,3-propanedisulfonic acid, butanesulfonic acid, B carboxymethyl ethanesulfonic acid, sulfo acid, aliphatic sulfonic acids, such as taurine, cyclopentane sulfonic acid, and alicyclic acid such as cyclohexane sulfonic acid, and camphorsulfonic acid.

Examples of the organic sulfinic acid include hydroxymethane sulfinic acid, ethane sulfinic acid, benzene sulfinic acid, and toluene sulfinic acid. Examples of the organic sulfenic acid include benzene sulfenic acid, and examples of the sulfur oxo acid include sulfuric acid. , Disulfuric acid, thiosulfuric acid, dithionic acid, trithionic acid, tetrathionic acid, polythionic acid, sulfurous acid, disulfurous acid, dithionic acid and the like.

  As the sulfur acid, organic sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid is preferable, and methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1-propanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, propanedisulfonic acid, naphthalene disulfonic acid, and sulfuric acid are particularly preferable. Moreover, 1 type may be sufficient as a sulfur acid and it may use 2 or more types together.

  The addition amount of the sulfur acid is 400 to 2000 ppm, more preferably 600 to 1600 ppm, and particularly preferably 700 to 1400 ppm in terms of sulfur atom with respect to the polylactic acid resin. The amount of polylactic acid resin here is the theoretical polymer amount calculated from the monomer amount.

  In the present invention, the weight ratio of the sulfur atom of the sulfur acid to the tin atom of the tin compound is 0.5 to 3.5, preferably 1.0 to 3.0, and preferably 1.5 to 2.5. Is more preferable, and it is especially preferable that it is 1.7-2.0.

  In the present invention, other catalysts may be added as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Examples of the catalyst include a metal catalyst and an acid catalyst. Examples of the metal catalyst include a titanium compound, a lead compound, a zinc compound, a cobalt compound, an iron compound, a lithium compound, and a rare earth compound. Alkoxides, metal halides, organic carboxylates, carbonates, sulfates, oxides and the like are preferable. Specifically, titanium methoxide, titanium propoxide, titanium isopropoxide, titanium butoxide, titanium isobutoxide, titanium cyclohexyl, titanium phenoxide, titanium chloride, titanium diacetate, titanium triacetate, titanium tetraacetate, titanium oxide ( IV) titanium compounds, lead diisopropoxy (II), lead monochloride, lead acetate, lead octylate (II), lead isooctanoate (II), lead isononanoate (II), lead laurate (II), Lead compounds such as lead (II) oleate, lead (II) linoleate, lead naphthenate, lead neodecanoate (II), lead oxide, lead (II) sulfate, zinc powder, methyl propoxy zinc, zinc chloride, zinc acetate , Zinc compounds such as zinc octylate (II), zinc naphthenate, zinc carbonate, zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride, cobalt acetate, Cobalt octylate (II), cobalt (II) isooctanoate, cobalt (II) isononanoate, cobalt (II) laurate, cobalt (II) oleate, cobalt (II) linoleate, cobalt naphthenate, cobalt neodecanoate ( II), cobalt compounds such as cobaltous carbonate, cobaltous sulfate, cobalt oxide (II), iron chloride (II), iron acetate (II), iron octylate (II), iron naphthenate, iron carbonate (II) ), Iron compounds such as iron (II) sulfate, iron (II) oxide, lithium compounds such as propoxylithium, lithium chloride, lithium acetate, lithium octylate, lithium naphthenate, lithium carbonate, dilithium sulfate, lithium oxide, triiso Propoxy europium (III), triisopropoxy neodymium (III), triisopropoxylantan, triisopropoxy samariu (III), triisopropoxy yttrium, isopropoxy yttrium, dysprosium chloride, europium chloride, lanthanum chloride, neodymium chloride, samarium chloride, yttrium chloride, dysprosium triacetate (III), europium triacetate (III), lanthanum acetate, three Neodymium acetate, samarium acetate, yttrium triacetate, dysprosium (III) carbonate, dysprosium carbonate (IV), europium carbonate (II), lanthanum carbonate, neodymium carbonate, samarium carbonate (II), samarium carbonate (III), yttrium carbonate, sulfuric acid Rare earth compounds such as dysprosium, europium (II) sulfate, lanthanum sulfate, neodymium sulfate, samarium sulfate, yttrium sulfate, europium dioxide, lanthanum oxide, neodymium oxide, samarium (III) oxide, yttrium oxide It is. Other potassium compounds such as potassium isopropoxide, potassium chloride, potassium acetate, potassium octylate, potassium naphthenate, tert-butyl potassium carbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium oxide, copper (II) diisopropoxide, copper chloride (II), copper acetate (II), copper octylate, copper naphthenate, copper sulfate (II), copper compounds such as dicopper carbonate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate, nickel octylate, nickel carbonate, nickel sulfate (II) , Nickel compounds such as nickel oxide, tetraisopropoxyzirconium (IV), zirconium trichloride, zirconium acetate, zirconium octylate, zirconium naphthenate, zirconium carbonate (II), zirconium carbonate (IV), zirconium sulfate, zirconium oxide (II ) Zirconium compounds such as triisopropoxy Antimony compounds such as antimony, antimony fluoride (III), antimony fluoride (V), antimony acetate, antimony (III) oxide, magnesium, magnesium diisopropoxide, magnesium chloride, magnesium acetate, magnesium lactate, magnesium carbonate, sulfuric acid Magnesium compounds such as magnesium and magnesium oxide, calcium compounds such as diisopropoxy calcium, calcium chloride, calcium acetate, calcium octylate, calcium naphthenate, calcium lactate and calcium sulfate, aluminum, aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum chloride, aluminum acetate , Aluminum compounds such as aluminum octylate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum oxide, germanium, tetraisopropoxygermane, germanium oxide Germanium compounds such as nium (IV), triisopropoxymanganese (III), manganese trichloride, manganese acetate, manganese octylate (II), manganese naphthenate (II), manganese compounds such as manganous sulfate, bismuth chloride ( III), bismuth powder, bismuth oxide (III), bismuth acetate, bismuth octylate, bismuth neodecanoate and the like. Also, two or more of magnesium titanate, aluminum titanate, potassium titanate, calcium titanate, cobalt titanate, zinc titanate, manganese titanate, zirconium titanate, bismuth titanate, barium titanate, strontium titanate, etc. Also preferred are compounds composed of these metal elements. The acid catalyst may be a Bronsted acid as a proton donor, a Lewis acid as an electron pair acceptor, or an organic acid or an inorganic acid. For example, phosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, polyphosphoric acid, phosphoric acid monoesters such as monododecyl phosphate and monooctadecyl phosphate, phosphoric acid diesters such as didodecyl phosphate and dioctadecyl phosphate, Examples thereof include phosphoric acid compounds such as phosphorous acid monoester and phosphorous acid diester, boric acid, and hydrochloric acid. Further, the shape of the acid catalyst is not particularly limited, and any of a solid acid catalyst and a liquid acid catalyst may be used. For example, as the solid acid catalyst, acidic clay, kaolinite, bentonite, montmorillonite, talc, zirconium silicate and Natural minerals such as zeolite, oxides such as silica, alumina, titania and zirconia or oxide composites such as silica alumina, silica magnesia, silica boria, alumina boria, silica titania and silica zirconia, chlorinated alumina, fluorinated alumina, positive Examples thereof include ion exchange resins. In the case where polymerization is carried out using a racemic compound, which is an equal mixture of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, using a catalyst having stereoselective polymerizability, poly-L-lactic acid and poly-D-lactic acid are used. Can be manufactured simultaneously.

In the production of the polylactic acid resin by direct polymerization of the present invention, the reaction conditions are not particularly limited and can be carried out under various conditions, but preferably comprises the following three steps.
(A) a first step of performing melt polymerization under the following conditions a-1 to a-4:
(A-1) No catalyst or in the presence of sulfur acid (a-2) Temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. (a-3) Pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa or inert gas stream (a-4) 0.3 to A reaction time of 10 hours (B) a second step of performing melt polymerization under the following conditions b-1 to b-4;
(B-1) In the presence of a metal catalyst and a sulfur acid (b-2) A temperature of 140 to 200 ° C. (b-3) A pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa or an inert gas stream (b-4) 0.3 to A third step in which solid state polymerization is carried out at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting time (C) melting point for 10 hours.

  In the present invention, the (A) first step is preferably performed at a temperature of 100 to 180 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 120 to 170 ° C, and at a temperature of 140 to 160 ° C as a substantial reaction temperature. More preferably. In addition, the temperature of the first step (A) may be one step or may be two or more steps, for example, after reacting at a temperature of 100 to 140 ° C, the reaction is performed at a temperature of 140 to 180 ° C. The method of performing etc. is mentioned.

  In the present invention, the (A) first step is preferably performed at a pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa, preferably at a pressure of 1 to 1000 Pa, and preferably at a pressure of 10 to 900 Pa as a substantial reaction pressure. More preferably, it is more preferably performed at a pressure of 100 to 800 Pa, and particularly preferably performed at a pressure of 500 to 700 Pa. In addition, (A) the pressure in the first step may be one stage, or may be two or more stages. For example, after the reaction is performed at a pressure of 700 to 1300 Pa, the reaction is performed at a pressure of 0.13 to 700 Pa. The method of performing etc. is mentioned.

  In the present invention, the (A) first step is preferably performed with a reaction time of 0.3 to 15 hours, preferably with a reaction time of 1 to 10 hours, and with a reaction time of 2 to 8 hours. Is more preferable, and the reaction time is more preferably 3 to 6 hours.

  (A) The first step may be a batch method or a continuous method. In the case of the batch method, the time required to reach the substantial reaction temperature shown in (a-2) from room temperature is within 30% of the process time. Preferably, it is within 20%, more preferably within 10%. Further, the time required to reach the substantial reaction pressure shown in (a-3) from normal pressure is preferably within 50% of the process time, more preferably within 40%, and more preferably within 30%. More preferably.

  In the present invention, (A) in the first step, it is usually preferable to produce a low molecular weight body having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to less than 20,000, preferably a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 1.5. It is more preferable to produce a low molecular weight product having a weight average molecular weight of 1200 to 10,000, and it is more preferred to produce a low molecular weight product having a weight average molecular weight of 1500 to 8000. The weight average molecular weight is a value of weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polymethyl methacrylate as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent.

  In the present invention, the (A) first step may be a batch method or a continuous method, and the reaction vessel is not particularly limited. For example, a stirring vessel type reaction vessel, a mixer type reaction vessel, a tower type reaction vessel. Further, an extruder type reaction vessel or the like can be used, and these reaction vessels can be used in combination of two or more.

In the present invention, any reactor can be used in the first step (A), but it is preferable to use a device in which a reaction tank and a reflux device are connected. Further, the reaction vessel may have one reaction chamber or may be composed of two or more reaction chambers divided by a partition plate or the like.
In the present invention, the reflux apparatus is preferably connected to the upper part of the reaction vessel, and more preferably a vacuum generation source such as a vacuum pump is connected to the reflux apparatus. In the present invention, the reflux device is for separating volatile components, and works to remove a part of the volatile components from the reaction system and a part of the volatile components to return to the reaction system. As long as it has a condensing part having a volatile component, specifically, any volatile component can be used as long as it removes water and returns lactic acid and lactide or their low molecular weight polymer to the reaction vessel. Can be used. Here, as a condenser which comprises a condensation part, methods, such as a double tube type, a multi-tube type, a coil type, a plate type, a plate fin type, a spiral type, and a jacket type, can be mentioned, for example.

  In the first step (A) of the present invention, the method of taking out the produced low molecular weight substance from the reaction tank after completion of the reaction is not particularly limited, and a method of taking out by extrusion with an inert gas such as nitrogen, a gear pump, etc. And a method of taking out by a head pressure.

  In the present invention, the second step (B) is preferably performed at a temperature of 140 to 240 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 150 to 210 ° C, and at a temperature of 160 to 195 ° C as a substantial reaction temperature. More preferably. In addition, the temperature of the (B) second step may be one step or may be two or more steps, but a polylactic acid resin having a high molecular weight and a high melting point can be efficiently obtained. It is preferable to use two or more stages, for example, a method in which the reaction is performed at a temperature of 140 to 160 ° C and then the reaction is performed at a temperature of 160 to 240 ° C.

  In the present invention, (B) the second step is preferably performed at a pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa, preferably at a pressure of 1 to 1000 Pa, and preferably at a pressure of 10 to 900 Pa as a substantial reaction pressure. More preferably, it is more preferably performed at a pressure of 100 to 800 Pa, and particularly preferably performed at a pressure of 200 to 700 Pa. Further, (B) the pressure in the second step may be one stage or may be two or more stages, but is preferably two or more stages. For example, the reaction is performed at a pressure of 700 to 1300 Pa. Then, a method of performing the reaction at a pressure of 0.13 to 700 Pa can be mentioned.

  In the present invention, the (B) second step is preferably performed with a reaction time of 0.5 to 30 hours, preferably with a reaction time of 1 to 15 hours, and with a reaction time of 2 to 10 hours. Is more preferable, it is more preferable to carry out with reaction time of 3 to 8 hours, and it is particularly preferable to carry out with reaction time of 3.5 to 7 hours. Moreover, (B) When performing the temperature and pressure of a 2nd process in multiple steps of two or more steps, for example, it is the temperature of 140-160 degreeC, the pressure of 700-1300 Pa, and reaction time of 0.3 to 15 hours. Examples include a method in which the reaction is performed at a temperature of 160 to 240 ° C. and a pressure of 0.13 to 700 Pa and a reaction time of 0.3 to 15 hours after the reaction. In addition, even if it is a case where temperature and a pressure are performed in multiple steps of two steps or more, it is preferable that the sum total of the reaction time of (B) 2nd process is 0.5 to 30 hours.

  (B) The second step may be a batch method or a continuous method, and the reaction vessel is not particularly limited. For example, a stirring vessel type reaction vessel, a mixer type reaction vessel, a tower type reaction vessel, and an extruder type A reaction tank etc. can be used and these reaction tanks can be used in combination of 2 or more types.

  (B) The second step is characterized by producing a prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of more than 10,000 and less than 100,000, but a polylactic acid resin having a high molecular weight can be efficiently obtained. It is preferable to produce a prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 90,000, more preferably a prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 25,000 to 80,000, and a prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 to 70,000. It is more preferable to produce a polymer, and it is particularly preferred to produce a prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 35,000 to 65,000. The weight average molecular weight is a value of weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polymethyl methacrylate as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent.

In the present invention, any reaction apparatus can be used in the second step (B), but it is preferable to use an apparatus in which a reaction tank and a reflux apparatus are connected. The reaction tank may have one reaction chamber or may be composed of two or more reaction chambers divided by a partition plate or the like.
In the present invention, the reflux device is preferably connected to the upper part of the reaction vessel, and more preferably a vacuum pump is connected to the reflux device. In the present invention, the reflux device is for separating volatile components, and works to remove a part of the volatile components from the reaction system and a part of the volatile components to return to the reaction system. Any of those having a condensing part having a water content may be used. Specifically, water is removed from volatile components, and lactic acid and lactide or their low molecular weight polymers are converted into (A) the first step and / or ( B) Any material can be used as long as it is returned to the reaction tank in the second step. Here, as a condenser which comprises a condensation part, methods, such as a double tube type, a multi-tube type, a coil type, a plate type, a plate fin type, a spiral type, and a jacket type, can be mentioned, for example.

In the second step (B) of the present invention, the method of taking out the produced low molecular weight substance from the reaction vessel after completion of the reaction is not particularly limited, and a method of taking out by extrusion with an inert gas such as nitrogen, a gear pump, etc. The method of taking out is mentioned.
Next, the third step will be described. In the present invention, the (C) third step is a step of performing solid phase polymerization at a temperature below the melting point.

In this invention, (C) 3rd process is performed at the temperature below melting | fusing point of a polymer, However, It is preferable to carry out at the temperature of 120-160 degreeC, It is more preferable to carry out at the temperature of 140-160 degreeC, 145-155 More preferably, it is carried out at a temperature of ° C. (C) The temperature of the third step may be one step or may be two or more steps, but it is easy to increase the molecular weight in a short time and is excellent in hue. It is preferable to increase the temperature stepwise as the reaction proceeds, for example, a method in which the reaction is performed at a temperature of 140 ° C., then the reaction is performed at 150 ° C., and then the reaction is performed at a temperature of 160 ° C. Etc.
In the present invention, (C) the third step is preferably carried out with a reaction time of 1 to 100 hours, and a polylactic acid resin excellent in hue can be efficiently obtained for 3 to 80 hours. The reaction is preferably performed for a reaction time, more preferably for a reaction time of 5 to 50 hours, and even more preferably for a reaction time of 10 to 30 hours.

  Moreover, (C) When performing the temperature of 3rd process in two or more steps | paragraphs, for example, the temperature of 120-150 degreeC is used as the 1st stage for 1 to 20 hours, and the temperature of 150-165 degreeC is used as the 2nd stage. The method performed in 1 to 50 hours is mentioned. In addition, even if it is a case where temperature is performed by the multistage of 2 steps or more, the sum total of reaction time of (C) 3rd process has preferable 1 to 100 hours.

  In the present invention, in (C) the third step, the pressure condition is not particularly limited, and any of a reduced pressure condition, a normal pressure condition and a pressurized condition may be used, but a reduced pressure condition or a normal pressure condition is preferable. . When performed under reduced pressure conditions, it is preferably performed at a pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa. Moreover, it is preferable to carry out at the pressure of 1-1000 Pa, It is more preferable to carry out at the pressure of 10-900 Pa, It is further more preferable to carry out at the pressure of 100-800 Pa, It is especially preferable to carry out at the pressure of 500-700 Pa. (C) The pressure in the third step may be one step or two or more steps, but it is preferably two or more steps in terms of high molecular weight and excellent hue. For example, after reacting at the pressure of 700-1300 Pa, the method of reacting at the pressure of 0.13-700 Pa is mentioned. When carrying out under normal pressure conditions, it is preferred to carry out under an inert gas stream such as nitrogen.

  In the present invention, when the (C) third step is performed, the shape of the prepolymer is not particularly limited, and any of a lump, a film, a pellet, and a powder may be used, but a pellet or a powder is used. Is preferred. As a method of making pellets, a melted prepolymer is extruded into a strand shape, pelletized with a strand cutter, dropped into a droplet shape using a dropping nozzle, and brought into contact with a gas, liquid or solid, from a die The method of cutting with extrusion in a gas or a liquid etc. are mentioned. Moreover, as a method of making into powder, the method of grind | pulverizing using a mixer, a blender, a ball mill, and a hammer grinder is mentioned. In the case of powder, the average particle diameter is preferably 0.01 to 3 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 1 mm, from the viewpoint that solid-phase polymerization can be efficiently performed.

  In the present invention, the (C) third step may be a batch process or a continuous process, and the reaction tank may be a stirred tank reaction tank, a mixer reaction tank, a tower reaction tank, or the like. Two or more reaction vessels can be used in combination.

  The weight average molecular weight of the polylactic acid resin obtained by the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100,000 or more in view of mechanical properties. In particular, it is preferably 100,000 to 500,000, more preferably 120,000 to 300,000, and even more preferably 140,000 to 250,000 in terms of excellent moldability and mechanical properties. The weight average molecular weight is a value of weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polymethyl methacrylate as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent.

  In the present invention, when the (C) third step is performed, the prepolymer is preferably crystallized, and (B) the crystallization treatment is performed after the second step and (C) before the third step. More preferably.

  The method for crystallization is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. For example, a method of treating at a crystallization temperature in a gas phase or a liquid phase, a method of volatilizing a solvent after dissolving the prepolymer in a solvent, a method of bringing the prepolymer into contact with the solvent, and a molten prepolymer Examples of the method include cooling and solidifying while performing stretching or shearing operations. From the viewpoint of easy operation, a method of treating at a crystallization temperature in a gas phase or a liquid phase is preferable.

  The crystallization temperature here is not particularly limited as long as it is higher than the glass transition temperature of the prepolymer that can be obtained in the second step (B) and lower than the melting point. It is more preferable that the temperature is within the range of the temperature-rise crystallization temperature and the temperature-fall crystallization temperature measured by a type calorimeter (DSC), and a polylactic acid resin having a high molecular weight and a high melting point and excellent in hue is efficiently obtained. It is more preferable that it is 30-170 degreeC at the point that it can be performed, It is especially preferable that it is 50-150 degreeC, It is most preferable that it is 100-140 degreeC. Crystallization may be carried out in one stage, but may be carried out at several stages or may be carried out while continuously raising the temperature.

  Further, the time for crystallization is not particularly limited, but it is sufficiently crystallized within 3 hours, and preferably within 2 hours. The pressure condition in the crystallization process may be any of reduced pressure, normal pressure and increased pressure.

  In the present invention, the shape of the prepolymer at the time of crystallization treatment is not particularly limited, and any of a lump, a film, a pellet, and a powder may be used, but the pellet or the powder can be efficiently crystallized. Is preferably used. As a method for forming pellets, a melted prepolymer is extruded into strands, pelletized with a strand cutter, dropped into droplets using a dropping nozzle, and contacted with a gas or liquid to form pellets Etc. Moreover, as a method of making into powder, the method of grind | pulverizing using a mixer, a blender, a ball mill, and a hammer grinder is mentioned. In the case of powder, the average particle diameter is preferably 0.01 to 3 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 2 mm in that it can be efficiently crystallized.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to add a stabilizer. Examples of the stabilizer include hindered phenol compounds, thioether compounds, vitamin compounds, triazole compounds, polyvalent amine compounds, hydrazine derivative compounds, phosphorus compounds, and the like. Good. Among them, it is preferable to include at least one phosphorus compound, and it is more preferable to use a phosphate compound or a phosphite compound. As further preferred examples of specific examples, “ADEKA STAB” AX-71 (dioctadecyl phosphate), PEP-8 (distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite), PEP-36 (cyclic neopentatetrayl bis (2,6) manufactured by ADEKA) -T-butyl-4-methylphenyl) phosphite).

  Specific examples of the hindered phenol compound include n-octadecyl-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, n-octadecyl-3- (3′-methyl). -5'-t-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, n-tetradecyl-3- (3 ', 5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, 1,6-hexane Diol-bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate], 1,4-butanediol-bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate], 2,2′-methylenebis- (4-methyl-t-butylphenol), triethylene glycol-bis- [3- (3-t-butyl) 5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate], tetrakis [methylene-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 3,9-bis [2- {3- (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionyloxy} -1,1-dimethylethyl] 2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro (5,5) undecane, N, N′-bis-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionylhexamethylenediamine, N, N′-tetramethylene-bis-3- (3′-methyl-5) '-T-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenol) propionyldiamine, N, N'-bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenol) propionyl] Dorazine, N-salicyloyl-N′-salicylidenehydrazine, 3- (N-salicyloyl) amino-1,2,4-triazole, N, N′-bis [2- {3- (3,5-di- t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxy} ethyl] oxyamide, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], N, N′-hexamethylene Bis- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamide) and the like. Preferably, triethylene glycol-bis- [3- (3-t-butyl-5-methyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate], tetrakis [methylene-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate Acid] methane, 1,6-hexanediol-bis- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate], pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3- (3,5- Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], N, N′-hexamethylenebis- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamide). Specific product names of the hindered phenol compounds include “ADEKA STAB” AO-20, AO-30, AO-40, AO-50, AO-60, AO-70, AO-80, AO-330 manufactured by ADEKA. “Irganox” 245, 259, 565, 1010, 1035, 1076, 1098, 1222, 1330, 1425, 1520, 3114, 5057, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, “Sumilyzer” BHT-R, MDP-S, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Examples include BBM-S, WX-R, NW, BP-76, BP-101, GA-80, GM, GS, “Sianox” CY-1790 manufactured by Cyanamid.

Specific examples of the thioether compound include dilauryl thiodipropionate, ditridecyl thiodipropionate, dimyristyl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-lauryl thiopropionate) Pentaerythritol-tetrakis (3-dodecylthiopropionate), pentaerythritol-tetrakis (3-octadecylthiopropionate), pentaerythritol-tetrakis (3-myristylthiopropionate), pentaerythritol-tetrakis (3- Stearylthiopropionate). Specific trade names of thioether compounds include “ADEKA STAB” AO-23, AO-412S, AO-503A from ADEKA, “Irganox” PS802 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, “Sumilyzer” TPL-R from Sumitomo Chemical, Examples thereof include TPM, TPS, TP-D, DSTP manufactured by API Corporation, DLTP, DLTOIB, DMTP, “Sinox” 412S manufactured by Cypro Kasei, and “Sianox” 1212 manufactured by Cyamide.
Specific examples of the vitamin compound include d-α-tocopherol acetate, d-α-tocopherol succinate, d-α-tocopherol, d-β-tocopherol, d-γ-tocopherol, d-δ-tocopherol, d- Natural products such as α-tocotrienol, d-β-tocofetrienol, d-γ-tocofetrienol, d-δ-tocofetrienol, dl-α-tocopherol, dl-α-tocopherol acetate, succinic acid Synthetic products such as dl-α-tocopherol calcium and dl-α-tocopherol nicotinate can be mentioned. Specific product names of vitamin compounds include “Tocopherol” manufactured by Eisai, “Irganox” E201 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, and the like.
Specific examples of the triazole compound include benzotriazole, 3- (N-salicyloyl) amino-1,2,4-triazole, and the like.

  Specific examples of the polyvalent amine compound include 3,9-bis [2- (3,5-diamino-2,4,6-triazaphenyl) ethyl] -2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro. [5.5] Undecane, ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, alkali metal salt (Li, Na, K) salt of ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, N, N'-disalicylidene-ethylenediamine, N, N'-disalicylidene-1 , 2-propylenediamine, N, N ″ -disalicylidene-N′-methyl-dipropylenetriamine, 3-salicyloylamino-1,2,4-triazole and the like.

  Specific examples of the hydrazine derivative-based compound include decamethylene dicarboxyl acid-bis (N′-salicyloyl hydrazide), bis (2-phenoxypropionyl hydrazide) isophthalate, N-formyl-N′-salicyloyl hydrazine. 2,2-oxamide bis- [ethyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], oxalyl-bis-benzylidene-hydrazide, nickel-bis (1-phenyl-3- Methyl-4-decanoyl-5-pyrazolate), 2-ethoxy-2′-ethyloxanilide, 5-t-butyl-2-ethoxy-2′-ethyloxanilide, N, N-diethyl-N ′, N'-diphenyloxamide, N, N'-diethyl-N, N'-diphenyloxamide, oxalic acid De-bis (benzylidenehydrazide), thiodipropionic acid-bis (benzylidenehydrazide), bis (salicyloylhydrazine), N-salicylidene-N′-salicyloylhydrazone, N, N′-bis [3- ( 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl] hydrazine, N, N′-bis [2- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxy] Ethyl] oxamide and the like.

  Examples of phosphorus compounds include phosphite compounds and phosphate compounds. Specific examples of such phosphite compounds include tetrakis [2-t-butyl-4-thio (2′-methyl-4′-hydroxy-5′-t-butylphenyl) -5-methylphenyl] -1, 6-hexamethylene-bis (N-hydroxyethyl-N-methylsemicarbazide) -diphosphite, tetrakis [2-tert-butyl-4-thio (2'-methyl-4'-hydroxy-5'-tert-butylphenyl) -5-methylphenyl] -1,10-decamethylene-di-carboxylic acid-di-hydroxyethylcarbonylhydrazide-diphosphite, tetrakis [2-tert-butyl-4-thio (2'-methyl-4'-hydroxy-) 5'-t-butylphenyl) -5-methylphenyl] -1,10-decamethylene-di-carboxylic acid di-sali Roylhydrazide-diphosphite, tetrakis [2-tert-butyl-4-thio (2′-methyl-4′-hydroxy-5′-tert-butylphenyl) -5-methylphenyl] -di (hydroxyethylcarbonyl) hydrazide— Diphosphite, tetrakis [2-t-butyl-4-thio (2'-methyl-4'-hydroxy-5'-t-butylphenyl) -5-methylphenyl] -N, N'-bis (hydroxyethyl) oxamide -Diphosphite and the like are mentioned, and those in which at least one PO bond is bonded to an aromatic group are more preferable. Specific examples include tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, Tetrakis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) 4,4′-biphenylene phosphonite, bis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) Pentaerythritol-di-phosphite, bis (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol-di-phosphite, 2,2-methylenebis (4,6-di-t-butylphenyl) Octyl phosphite, 4,4′-butylidene-bis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenyl-di-tridecyl) phosphite, 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-4-ditridecyl phosphite— 5-t-butyl-phenyl) butane, tris (mixed mono and di-nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, 4,4'-isopropylidenebis (phenyl-dialkyl phosphite) and the like Tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, 2,2-methylenebis (4,6-di) t-butylphenyl) octyl phosphite, bis (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol-di-phosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) -4, 4′-biphenylenephosphonite and the like can be preferably used. Specific product names of phosphite compounds include “ADEKA STAB” C, PEP-4C, PEP-8, PEP-11C, PEP-24G, PEP-36, HP-10, 2112, 260, 522A, manufactured by ADEKA, 329A, 1178, 1500, C, 135A, 3010, TPP, “Irgaphos” 168, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, “Sumilyzer” P-16, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. 618, 619G, 624 and the like.

  Specific examples of the phosphate compound include monostearyl acid phosphate, distearyl acid phosphate, methyl acid phosphate, isopropyl acid phosphate, butyl acid phosphate, octyl acid phosphate, isodecyl acid phosphate, etc., among which monostearyl acid phosphate Distearyl acid phosphate is preferred. Specific product names of phosphate compounds include “Irganox” MD1024 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, “Inhibitor” OABH from Eastman Kodak, “Adekastab” CDA-1, CDA-6, AX-71 from ADEKA, etc. Can be mentioned.

  The addition amount of the stabilizer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid resin in terms of excellent thermal stability, and 0.01 to 1 It is more preferably part by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5 part by weight, and most preferably 0.08 to 0.3 part by weight.

  Moreover, when using a phosphorus compound as a stabilizer, it is preferable that the ratio of the metal atom of a metal catalyst and the phosphorus atom of a phosphorus compound is 0.1-5, and it is 0.5-3. More preferably, it is preferably 0.8 to 2.

  The addition timing of the stabilizer is not particularly limited and may be either during or after the polymerization, but is preferably before or after solid phase polymerization.

  In the present invention, the method of adding the stabilizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of melt kneading above the melting point of the polylactic acid resin and a method of removing the solvent after mixing by dissolving in a solvent. However, a method of melt-kneading at a melting point or higher of the polylactic acid resin is preferable in that it can be produced efficiently. The melt-kneading method may be a batch method or a continuous method. As the apparatus, a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, a multi-screw extruder, a plastmill, a kneader, a stirring reactor equipped with a decompression device, or the like is used. It is preferable to use a single screw extruder or a twin screw extruder in that it can be kneaded efficiently and uniformly.

  In the present invention, the temperature at which the stabilizer is added is preferably from 180 to 250 ° C., and more preferably from 190 to 230 ° C. in terms of excellent mechanical properties.

  In the present invention, the pressure at which the stabilizer is added may be any of reduced pressure, normal pressure, and increased pressure, and is preferably reduced in that the generated gas can be removed during melt-kneading.

  In the present invention, the atmospheric conditions at the time of melt kneading may be either an air atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen, but in an inert gas atmosphere in that the amount of gas generated at the time of melt kneading can be reduced. It is preferable to carry out with.

  When mixing in a solvent, a solvent in which the polymer and the monomer are dissolved is used. As the solvent, for example, chloroform, methylene chloride, acetonitrile and the like can be used. The method for removing the solvent when it is necessary to remove the solvent after mixing is not particularly limited. For example, the solvent is volatilized at room temperature and the solvent is volatilized at a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point of the solvent under reduced pressure. Or the like can be used.

  In the polylactic acid-based resin obtained by the production method of the present invention, ordinary additives such as fillers (glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber, natural fiber, organic fiber, organic fiber, Glass flakes, glass beads, ceramic fibers, ceramic beads, asbestos, wollastonite, talc, clay, mica, sericite, zeolite, bentonite, montmorillonite, synthetic mica, dolomite, kaolinite, fine silicic acid, feldspar powder, titanic acid Potassium, shirasu balloon, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum silicate, silicon oxide, gypsum, novaculite, dosonite or clay, ultraviolet absorbers (resorcinol, salicylate, benzo) Lyazole, benzophenone, etc.), lubricants, mold release agents (montanic acid and its salts, its esters, their half esters, stearyl alcohol, stearamide and polyethylene wax, etc.), dyes (such as nigrosine) and pigments (such as cadmium sulfide, phthalocyanine) Containing colorant, anti-coloring agent (phosphite, hypophosphite, etc.), flame retardant (red phosphorus, phosphate ester, brominated polystyrene, brominated polyphenylene ether, brominated polycarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, melamine and cyanur Acid or salt thereof), conductive agent or colorant (carbon black, etc.), slidability improver (graphite, fluorine resin, etc.), crystal nucleating agent (inorganic nucleating agent such as talc, ethylene bislauric acid amide, ethylene Bis-12-dihydroxyste Organic amide compounds such as phosphoric acid amide and trimesic acid tricyclohexylamide, pigment nucleating agents such as copper phthalocyanine and pigment yellow 110, organic carboxylic acid metal salts, zinc phenylphosphonic acid zinc and the like), antistatic agents, or the like Two or more kinds can be added.

  In addition, the polylactic acid block copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention includes other thermoplastic resins (for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylic resin, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide resin, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired). Polyether ether ketone resin, polyester, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyacetal, polyimide, polyetherimide, etc.) or thermosetting resin (eg phenol resin, melamine resin, polyester resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, etc.) or soft thermoplastic Less resin (eg, ethylene / glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, polyester elastomer, polyamide elastomer, ethylene / propylene terpolymer, ethylene / butene-1 copolymer, etc.) It may also further contain one or more.

  The polylactic acid-based resin obtained by the production method of the present invention has a high molecular weight even after it is once melted and solidified when it is processed into a molded product or the like, and in a preferred embodiment, has a high melting point, It is easy to form a polylactic acid resin having excellent thermal stability and hue.

  The polylactic acid resin obtained by the production method of the present invention can be widely used as a molded product. Examples of molded products include films, sheets, fibers / clothes, non-woven fabrics, injection molded products, extrusion molded products, vacuum / pressure molded products, blow molded products, and composites with other materials. The article is useful for agricultural materials, horticultural materials, fishery materials, civil engineering / architectural materials, stationery, medical supplies, automotive parts, electrical / electronic components or other uses.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. Here, the number of parts in the examples indicates parts by weight.

  The measurement method and determination method used in the present invention are shown below.

(1) Weight average molecular weight (Mw)
It is a value of weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polymethyl methacrylate as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent.

(2) Melting point After being held at 200 ° C for 2 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), the temperature was lowered to 30 ° C at 120 ° C / min, and then increased to 200 ° C at a rate of temperature rise of 20 ° C / min. Warm and measure melting point.

(3) D-form amount The polymer was hydrolyzed under sodium hydroxide solution, then neutralized with hydrochloric acid, and then measured by liquid chromatography equipped with an optical resolution column.

(4) Thermal stability A thermogravimetry apparatus (TGA) was held at 200 ° C. for 10 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere, and the weight retention rate was measured. It can be said that the greater the weight retention, the better the thermal stability.

(5) Hydrolysis resistance A wet heat treatment was performed for 24 hours under the conditions of a temperature of 60 ° C. and a humidity of 95%, and the molecular weight retention from the weight average molecular weight before and after the treatment was measured.

(6) Hue Judging from visual judgment, the following criteria were used.
5: Uncolored 4: Intermediate between 3 and 5 3: Yellow colored Intermediate between 2: 1 and 3 1: Brown colored

[Example 1]
In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a reflux device, 100 parts of a 90% L-lactic acid (D content 0.4%) aqueous solution was added, the temperature was raised to 150 ° C., and the pressure was gradually reduced to 800 Pa. After reacting for 3.5 hours while removing water, tin (II) acetate as a catalyst is 150 ppm in terms of tin atoms per theoretical amount of polylactic acid, and methanesulfonic acid is 670 ppm in terms of sulfur atoms per theoretical amount of polylactic acid. In addition, a polymerization reaction was performed at a temperature of 170 ° C. and a pressure of 400 Pa for 6 hours to obtain a prepolymer. The obtained prepolymer was pulverized and subjected to crystallization treatment at 110 ° C. for 1 hour under nitrogen, followed by solid phase polymerization under a pressure of 50 Pa for 3 hours at 140 ° C., 3 hours at 150 ° C., and 18 hours at 160 ° C. And a polylactic acid resin was obtained. The properties of the obtained polylactic acid resin are shown in Table 1.

[Examples 2-8, Comparative Examples 1-8]
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the addition amounts of tin (II) acetate and methanesulfonic acid used were those shown in Tables 1 and 2. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[Examples 9-13, 15-30, Comparative Examples 9-14]
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the tin compound used, the type of sulfur acid, and the addition amount were as shown in Tables 3, 4 and 5. The results are shown in Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5.

[Example 14]
To 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid resin obtained in Example 5, 0.2 part by weight of stearyl acid phosphate was mixed and melt kneaded at 190 ° C. using a twin screw extruder. Table 3 shows the characteristics of the obtained polylactic acid resin.

Claims (9)

Lactic acid as raw materials, 200 by polycondensation directly, a method for producing a polylactic acid resin, with a tin compound and a sulfur acid as a catalyst, the addition amount of tin compound to the polylactic acid resin is a tin atom in terms 1000 ppm, the amount of sulfur acid added to the polylactic acid resin is 400 to 2000 ppm in terms of sulfur atom, and the weight ratio of sulfur atom of sulfur acid to tin atom of the tin compound is 0.5 to 3.5. A method for producing a polylactic acid-based resin. The amount of tin compound added to the polylactic acid resin is 300 to 800 ppm in terms of tin atoms, and the amount of sulfur acid added to the polylactic acid resin is in the range of 600 to 1600 ppm in terms of sulfur atoms. Of producing a polylactic acid resin. The amount of tin compound added to the polylactic acid-based resin is 300 to 800 ppm in terms of tin atoms, the amount of sulfur acid added to the polylactic acid-based resin is in the range of 600 to 1600 ppm in terms of sulfur atoms, The method for producing a polylactic acid-based resin according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of sulfur atoms of the sulfur acid to be added is 1.5 to 2.5. The method for producing a polylactic acid-based resin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tin compound is tin acetate or a tin octylate compound. The sulfur acid is at least one selected from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1-propanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and sulfuric acid. Of producing a polylactic acid resin. Furthermore, a stabilizer is added, The manufacturing method of the polylactic acid-type resin in any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The method for producing a polylactic acid resin according to claim 6, wherein the stabilizer is a phosphorus compound, and the weight ratio of the metal atom of the tin compound to the phosphorus atom of the phosphorus compound is 0.5-3. It consists of the following three processes, The manufacturing method of the polylactic acid-type resin in any one of Claims 1-7 characterized by the above-mentioned.
(A) a first step of performing melt polymerization under the following conditions a-1 to a-4:
(A-1) No catalyst or in the presence of sulfur acid (a-2) Temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. (a-3) Pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa or inert gas stream (a-4) 0.3 to A reaction time of 10 hours (B) a second step of performing melt polymerization under the following conditions b-1 to b-4;
(B-1) In the presence of tin compound and sulfur acid (b-2) Temperature of 140 to 200 ° C. (b-3) Pressure of 0.13 to 1300 Pa or inert gas stream (b-4) 0.3 to A third step in which solid state polymerization is carried out at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting time (C) melting point for 10 hours. 9. The method for producing a polylactic acid-based resin according to claim 8 , wherein the crystallization treatment is performed at a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C. after the completion of the (B) second step and (C) before the start of the third step. .