JP5378912B2 - Cleaning device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cleaning apparatus for degreasing and cleaning a metal member to which processing oil is attached, and more particularly to a cleaning apparatus capable of completing a degreasing cleaning process without using a chemical such as a cleaning agent.

  It is known that boiler steam generated by a small boiler or a simple boiler is used supplementarily when degreasing and cleaning a metal member to which processing oil is adhered (Patent Document 1). For example, in the invention of Patent Document 1, steam cleaning is performed using steam output from a boiler as an object to be cleaned prior to vacuum degreasing cleaning.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-146038

  However, steam cleaning with boiler steam introduces steam output from the boiler into the cleaning chamber to create a high-temperature, high-humidity atmosphere, and an auxiliary function that flushes the processing oil with water condensed on the metal surface. Therefore, apart from this steam cleaning, an original cleaning process using a chemical such as a cleaning agent was indispensable.

  This is the same for shower cleaning with warm water, and can only exhibit performance as a rinsing process after the original degreasing cleaning.

  By the way, from recent demands for environmental measures and requests for energy saving, it is strongly desired not to emit cleaning waste liquid as much as possible and to suppress the amount of water used as much as possible.

  The present invention is based on the above requirements, and can be cleaned only with water without using a chemical such as a cleaning agent, and can clean the environment without polluting the environment. An object is to provide an apparatus.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the cleaning apparatus according to the present invention provides 0.5 to 2.5 liters of circulating water set at a pressure of 0.5 to 1.2 Mpa to an oil radiator through which heat medium oil flows. / overheat line is distributed in water flow minute to produce a circulation water superheated state, superheated water in the superheated lines, at a temperature of 130 to 180 ° C. in the heating portion, jetted to the cleaning object atmosphere release state A cleaning unit that removes the processing oil adhering to the object to be cleaned, and an oil / water separation unit that receives the condensed water containing the processing oil from the cleaning unit and separates the oil from the condensed water. The separation distance between the superheated water injection port and the object to be cleaned is 10 to 200 mm corresponding to the shape of the injection port, the discharge pressure, the discharge amount, etc., so that the liquid superheated water directly hits the object to be cleaned. In the range of Water, by supplying 5-15 seconds cleaned object, without the use of the boiler, without using an agent for cleaning, is configured to complete the degreasing process.

  According to the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, no cleaning chemical is required, and degreasing and cleaning can be completed with only water. However, the use of a rust inhibitor or the like is not prohibited in accordance with the characteristics of the object to be cleaned.

  In the present invention, the superheat line is maintained at a high pressure exceeding the saturated vapor pressure, and superheated water that has been superheated under high pressure is jetted onto the object to be cleaned. For this reason, the kinetic energy at the time of ejection is so large that it is not compared with the case of injecting steam with saturated steam pressure generated by the boiler, and the superheated water itself and / or boiling water vapor vigorously hit the object to be cleaned. Performance is greatly improved. Moreover, in this invention, since the superheated water which has a specific heat about twice as much as water vapor | steam heats a washing | cleaning target object directly or indirectly, a washing | cleaning performance improves greatly also in this meaning. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to provide pre-cleaning or post-cleaning. Here, the pre-cleaning and the post-cleaning mean a cleaning process using a normal cleaning liquid, and therefore, rinse cleaning or the like is not excluded as the post-cleaning.

  By the way, since the cleaning process of the present invention is executed in an open air state, the injected superheated water boils instantaneously. However, by setting the jet amount of superheated water and the separation distance from the cleaning target appropriately short, it is possible to hit the cleaning target with liquid superheated water or water vapor containing superheated water. The cleaning performance can be improved extremely. The separation distance between the superheated water injection port and the object to be cleaned is set to about 10 to 200 mm, and the superheated water is disposed so as to directly hit the object to be cleaned.

  In the present invention, the pressure of the superheat line is preferably set to 0.5 MPa to 1.2 MPa, and the circulating water in the superheat line is always pressurized above the saturated vapor pressure to maintain a liquid state. ing. In the Tetens approximation, the saturated vapor pressure E (t) [hPa] is E (t) = 6.11 × 10 ^ (7.5 × t / (t + 237.3)). Therefore, the pressure of 0.5 Mpa to 1.2 Mpa corresponds to the saturated vapor pressure at the temperature t = 150.69 ° C. to 185.76 ° C., but the superheated water of the present invention has a pressure condition of 0.5 Mpa to 1.2 Mpa. Is set to about 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. The saturated vapor pressure at 130 ° C. is about 0.276 MPa, and the saturated vapor pressure at 180 ° C. is about 1.05 MPa.

Since the temperature is set to about 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. corresponding to the pressure condition of 0.5 Mpa to 1.2 Mpa, the circulating water in the superheat line of the present invention is superheated by heat exchange with the heat medium. When such a heat exchange method is adopted, it is extremely easy to set the circulating water at an appropriate temperature. In addition, since the circulating water is heated by heat exchange between the circulating water and the heat medium (heat medium oil) , it is free to use additives such as rust preventives as necessary, unlike boilers with strict management regulations. Can be added. In the present invention, addition of a cleaning agent is not prohibited, but addition of a degreasing cleaning agent is not particularly necessary.

  The amount of water flowing in the superheat line is set according to the surface area of the object to be cleaned and the type of processing oil, but as a realistic configuration that can achieve the superheat state of the present invention, 0.5 to It is preferable to set it to 2.5 liters / minute.

For example, when evaluated with a flow rate of 0.6 liter / minute (= 10 ml / second), superheated water of about 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. is applied for 5 to 15 seconds with respect to a cleaning target having a surface area of about 1000 mm ^2. The degreasing process can be completed quickly only by spraying to the extent. That is, degreasing can be completed with only about 50 to 150 ml of water without using a cleaning solution. It should be noted that there is no particular problem even if the object to be cleaned has a slightly complicated three-dimensional shape or a processed hole exists.

  When superheated water is jetted onto the object to be cleaned, the processing oil of the object to be cleaned is washed away, and the processing oil is dispersed in the condensed water. And since this condensed water is isolate | separated from an oil component and extracted in an oil-water separation part, it can be supplied to an overheating line again and water usage-amount can be suppressed.

  The oil / water separation filter constituting the oil / water separation unit is preferably formed by laminating fine fibers mainly composed of fibers having a single fiber diameter of about 1 μm. Then, it is preferable to adopt a coarse separation method in which fine water droplets are coarsened each time they pass through the fiber layer, and the water droplets are separated from oil components by a difference in specific gravity. By adopting such a configuration, the condensed water can be reliably reused.

  The processing oil of the present invention may be a general lubricating oil, but should preferably be a press oil used for stamping and molding processes, typically a refined mineral oil (typically In this case, press oil based on liquid paraffin is subject to degreasing cleaning. The content of the refined mineral oil is preferably 60 to 80% by weight, more preferably 65 to 75% by weight. As this mineral oil, an isoparaffinic mineral oil, a normal paraffinic mineral oil, and a naphthenic mineral oil are preferably used alone or as a mixture.

  The above base oil is preferably added with an oiliness improver and a polar additive at a content of about 10 to 20% by weight, respectively. Here, the oiliness improver has a function of improving the oiliness of the lubricating oil by physical or chemical adsorption on the friction surface, and examples include higher fatty acids, higher alcohols, aliphatic amines, amides, and esters. Can do.

  On the other hand, extreme pressure additives are added to prevent wear and seizure under extreme pressure lubrication conditions where the contact pressure on the friction surface is high and the oil film breaks and tends to cause seizure. Are appropriately selected. In addition, chlorinated paraffin can be illustrated as a chlorine type | system | group. Also, as the sulfur type, olefin polysulfide, sulfurized fat and oil, dipentyl disulfide are preferably selected, and as the phosphorus type, alkyl and allyl phosphate esters, alkyl and allyl subesters, amine salts of phosphate esters, thiophosphoric acid An amine salt of an ester or a thiophosphate is preferably selected.

  According to the present invention described above, although it has a compact configuration that does not require a boiler, it has a much higher cleaning effect than steam cleaning or hot water cleaning, and can also meet the demand for energy saving without polluting the environment.

1 schematically illustrates the configuration of a cleaning apparatus according to an embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cleaning apparatus EQU according to an embodiment. This cleaning device EQU has a cleaning tank 1 that contains a metal member to which processing oil is adhered, a recovery tank 2 that receives an oil / water mixture from the cleaning tank 1, an oil component that floats in the recovery tank 2, and receives oil and moisture. The oil / water separation filter 3 to be separated, the oil radiator 4 that receives the water output from the oil / water separation filter 3 and the recovery tank 2, and the oil heater 5 that heats the heat medium oil flowing through the oil radiator 4 are mainly configured. Yes.

  In FIG. 1, a single superheat line HT composed of the pumps 9 and 10, the oil radiator 4, and the oil heater 5 is illustrated. Are formed in parallel. This also applies to the oil / water separation filter 3 and the like.

  The cleaning tank 1 is open to the atmosphere, and is provided with a plurality of injection nozzles NZ in the vicinity of a metal member that is an object to be cleaned. The posture of the object to be cleaned is not particularly limited. For example, when the object to be cleaned is intermittently transported perpendicular to the paper surface, degreasing cleaning is performed by jetting superheated water onto the object to be cleaned that is temporarily stopped. . In such a case, for example, the cleaning target portion is disposed and held on a mounting table formed in a net shape, and is turned upside down at an appropriate timing. In addition, it is also preferable to hold the object to be cleaned in a hollow state and to spray superheated water from both the left and right sides of the object to be cleaned in a temporarily stopped state. Moreover, it may replace with intermittent conveyance and may convey slowly and continuously facing the injection nozzle NZ.

  In any case, superheated water of about 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. received from the superheat line HT is jetted from the jet nozzle NZ at a discharge pressure of about 0.5 Mpa to 1.2 Mpa. The separation distance between the spray nozzle NZ and the cleaning target is set to about 10 to 200 mm so that superheated water or water vapor directly hits the cleaning target. The superheated water immediately boils and becomes water vapor when it is injected into the cleaning tank 1 at atmospheric pressure. However, by appropriately setting the shape of the injection nozzle, the discharge pressure, the discharge amount, and the like, the positions are separated by 200 mm. However, a liquid state of 100 ° C. or higher can be maintained.

And the metal member which received the injection of superheated water is heated quickly, and the processing oil adhering to the surface is washed away. For example, the degreasing treatment can be completed quickly only by spraying superheated water for 5 to 15 seconds at a flow rate of 10 ml / second with respect to a metal member having a surface area of 1000 mm ² .

  The processing oil washed off by the degreasing process is recovered from the cleaning tank 1 to the recovery tank 2 together with the condensed water of the superheated water. As shown in the figure, the recovery tank 2 has a floating recovery nozzle 6, a suction pump 7, a pre-filter 8, and an oil / water separation filter 3 to form a circulation path for the oil / water mixture. In addition, as the prefilter 8, one or a plurality of stages having an appropriate filtration performance are arranged corresponding to the expected sludge particle size. The suction pump 7 has a capacity of about 2 liters / minute.

  The recovery tank 2 is appropriately supplemented with tap water or industrial water, but the oil / water mixture that has flowed from the cleaning tank 1 is naturally separated according to the difference in specific gravity, and the oil component rises above. Then, the floating oil is introduced into the oil / water separation filter 3 via the suction pump 7 and the prefilter 8.

  Although not particularly limited, the oil-water separation filter 3 of this example includes a hydrophilic fibrous first sheet mainly composed of fibers having a single fiber diameter of 0.1 to 3.7 μm, and a single fiber diameter of 0.1 mm. Hydrophobic fibrous second sheet mainly composed of 1 to 3.7 μm fibers and fiber having a single fiber diameter of 5 to 40 μm mainly, the fiber filling ratio is 20% or less, and the critical surface tension of the fiber surface is 50 dyne / A fibrous third sheet having a size of cm or less is laminated. Then, the oil / water mixture is supplied from the first sheet side and is output via the second sheet and the third sheet.

  When the oil / water mixture in which water is finely dispersed passes through the first sheet, fine water droplets are formed in a foam shape, and then pass through the hydrophobic second sheet to form water droplets. By passing through the third sheet, the water droplets are further coarsened and are reliably separated from the oil component by the difference in specific gravity.

  Then, the free oil separated in the upper part is discharged by a predetermined amount by opening the electromagnetic valve (see broken line arrow). Therefore, according to the present embodiment, there is no possibility that the processing oil washed off from the object to be cleaned is mixed with the cleaning waste liquid and discharged.

  On the other hand, the free water separated in the lower part of the oil / water separation filter 3 is recovered in the recovery tank 2 or output as water supply to the superheat line HT according to the opening and closing of the control valves V1 and V2. In this way, in this embodiment, the condensed water generated in the cleaning tank 1 is reused repeatedly, so there is no waste of cleaning water.

  As described above, the superheat line HT includes the feed water pump 9 for circulating degreasing water, the oil radiator 4 for heating the circulating water by heat exchange with the heat medium oil, and the oil heater for heating the heat medium oil. 5 and a pump 10 for circulating the heat medium oil. Then, based on a control mechanism such as a flow rate adjusting valve (not shown), the water supply pressure and the flow rate are appropriately adjusted.

  The water supply pressure and the water amount are respectively set to appropriate values in the range of 0.5 to 1.2 Mpa and in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 liters / minute. In this embodiment, typically, The water supply pressure is 1.0 MPa and the water supply amount is 1 liter / minute. Further, the water temperature at the outlet of the oil radiator 4 is set to 150 ° C. by circulating the heat medium oil heated to 150 ° C. corresponding to this operating condition. Note that the water temperature of 150 ° C. is slightly lowered to about 145 ° C. in the vicinity of the injection nozzle NZ.

  Although the saturated vapor pressure at 145 ° C. is approximately 0.42 MPa, the superheat line HT of this embodiment is controlled to about 1.0 MPa, so that the injection nozzle NZ can discharge the superheated water at 145 ° C. it can.

  Hereinafter, a basic experiment for confirming the effect of this example will be briefly described.

  (1) A small hole was made in a SUS disk test piece having a diameter of 20 mm, and this test piece was suspended in processing oil and immersed. The composition of the processing oil is a press oil for SUS, and the composition is 70% by weight of refined mineral oil, 15% by weight of oiliness improver, and 15% by weight of extreme pressure additive.

  (2) After the test piece taken out from the processing oil was drained for 30 minutes in a vertical posture, it was suspended by facing the spray nozzle of the cleaning tank 1. In addition, the separation distance with the injection nozzle is 25 mm on each of the front and back surfaces.

  (3) In a state where the temperature of the heat medium oil was 175 ° C., the flow rate of the superheat line was set to 06 liter / min, the discharge pressure of the spray nozzle was set to 1.0 MPa, and superheated water was jetted for 10 seconds.

  (4) Then, after passing through pure water rinse for 10 seconds, 120 degreeC warm air drying was performed for 5 minutes, and the amount of residual oil was measured.

  The above experiment was conducted on a plurality of test pieces, and the average value of the residual oil amount was evaluated. As a result, it was confirmed that the oil removal rate was 99.7% by weight.

  In addition, as a result of repeating the same experiment by changing only the temperature of the heat transfer medium oil as appropriate, it was confirmed that when the circulating water was heated to 130 ° C. or higher, a substantially equivalent oil removal rate could be realized.

HT Superheat line 1 Cleaning section 3 Oil / water separation section

Claims (6)

Circulating water set at a pressure of 0.5 to 1.2 Mpa is circulated at a flow rate of 0.5 to 2.5 liters / minute through an oil radiator through which heat medium oil circulates to generate superheated circulating water. An overheating line,
A cleaning unit that sprays superheated water in the superheated line at a temperature of 130 to 180 ° C. at a heating location to the cleaning target in an open state to remove the processing oil attached to the cleaning target;
An oil / water separator that receives the condensed water containing the processing oil from the washing unit and separates the oil from the condensed water.
The distance between the superheated water injection port and the object to be cleaned is within a range of 10 to 200 mm corresponding to the shape of the injection port, the discharge pressure, the discharge amount, etc., so that the liquid superheated water directly hits the object to be cleaned. In addition, the superheated water of the above flowing water amount is supplied to the object to be cleaned for 5 to 15 seconds.
Without the use of the boiler, without using an agent for cleaning, the cleaning apparatus is configured to complete the degreasing process. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the oil / water separation filter constituting the oil / water separation unit is configured by laminating fine fibers mainly composed of fibers having a single fiber diameter of about 1 μm. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein each time the fiber layer is passed, a fine water droplet is coarsened, and the water droplet is separated from the oil by a specific gravity difference. The cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the condensed water extracted by the oil / water separator is put into a superheat line and continuously reused. The cleaning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the processing oil to be cleaned is a press oil having a refined mineral oil content of 60 to 80 wt%. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 5, wherein an oiliness improver and / or a polar additive is added to the processing oil.

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