JP5348104B2 - Probe information processing apparatus, computer program, information processing system, and link end passage time calculation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a probe information processor capable of generating probe information of an event recording type capable of accurately calculating a link end passing time. <P>SOLUTION: A probe information processor (a central device 4) according to the present invention includes: acquisition means (a communication unit 403) that acquires probe information S3 in which a single stop event including a stop position of a vehicle 5, a stopping period when the vehicle 5 is stopped at the stop position, and a stop time, or a time occurring the stop with respect to the stop position is recorded; and information processing means (a control unit 401) that acquires a starting time, or a time when the vehicle 5 starts from the stop position, by adding the stopping period to the stop time, generates a starting event including the starting time and the stop position, and adds it to the probe information S3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention is a probe information processing apparatus that performs a process of generating a start event from a single stop event recorded in probe information and adding it to the probe information (or vice versa), and executes the process on a computer The present invention relates to an information processing system for performing information processing related to probe information, and a link end passage time calculation method using probe information.

As an intelligent transport system (ITS: Intelligent Transport Systems) promoted by the National Police Agency, there is a new traffic management system (UTMS: Universal Traffic Management Systems) using an optical beacon as a key device.
In such a system, profile control with higher real-time characteristics is employed by optimizing the blue time using future prediction information for signal control. The characteristics of this profile control are as follows (see Non-Patent Document 1).

(1) Predicting future one-cycle traffic demand from now (2) Realization of real-time control based on direct evaluation of vehicle time delay (3) Distributed control decision-making: hybrid type or adjacent intersection in conjunction with central control Autonomous control mode that works with emphasis can be selected

In the profile control described above, an arrival profile, which is time-series data of the predicted traffic volume at which the vehicle arrives at the stop line at the intersection, is estimated every predetermined time, and a simulation calculation is performed based on this arrival profile and other signal control information. Run.
Specifically, this simulation calculation obtains a delay time (signal stop waiting time) that is a fluctuation state of the number of queues in the entire intersection, searches for a blue end timing at which the evaluation value based on this delay time is minimized, The optimum blue end timing is determined (see Non-Patent Document 1).

Moreover, in the central device of the traffic control center, as a subsystem of the UTMS, a traffic information providing system (AMIS), a public vehicle priority system (PTPS), a vehicle operation management system (MOCS), a dynamic route guidance system (DRGS), In some cases, a traffic pollution reduction system (EPMS) or the like is executed.
Among these subsystems, when a vehicle operation management system (MOCS) or a dynamic route guidance system (DRGS) is performed, travel time and a travel route are required as traffic indexes.

"Development and Demonstration Experiment of Next Generation Signal Control System" SEI Technical Review No. 166, March 2004, pages 51-55

The travel time and travel route are usually estimated by using sensor information (fixed point observation information) from a vehicle sensor or an optical beacon that is a road sensor, but if the road sensor has a low spatial density, The accuracy of time and travel route cannot be improved much.
Therefore, travel path information including the position of the vehicle and the time corresponding to this position is acquired through wireless communication with the probe vehicle traveling on the road, and the travel time and travel path estimation accuracy are obtained using this travel path information. May be improved.

The travel locus information is usually collected at a period of about 0.1 to 1.0 seconds in order to accurately grasp the traveling state of the vehicle. For this reason, in the case of a traffic control system that handles probe data of a large number of vehicles for traffic information estimation, the amount of data becomes enormous and the operation cost for information communication and storage increases.
Therefore, a method of defining typical events (running behavior) that occur in a running vehicle, not the vehicle trajectory itself, and configuring the recorded information of probe information in units of events (hereinafter referred to as “event recording method”) Have been proposed).

As typical events recorded in the probe information of the event recording method, for example, there are the following (1) to (3) (see Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-92647 by the present applicant).
(1) “Single stop” estimated to be a stop due to waiting for traffic lights or reaching the end of a traffic jam
(2) “Directional variation”, which is a large variation in traveling direction (including right and left turns at intersections) with a small radius of curvature.
(3) “Continuous distance travel” in which the vehicle continues traveling over a certain distance

By the way, the link travel time using the travel trajectory of the probe information is usually obtained by calculating the time obtained by allocating the difference in passing time between the positions of the two preceding vehicles by the distance ratio of the link between the two positions. Calculated by calculating the passage time at the link end based on the passage time and the allocated time, and determining the passage time difference between the upstream link end (link start end) and the downstream link end (link end). The
Therefore, in order to calculate the link travel time using the probe information of the event recording method, the difference in passing time between the two events including the vehicle position and the time is distributed by the distance ratio of the link between the two events. The link end passage time is calculated based on the passage time of the previous event and the allocated time.

However, among the above-mentioned multiple types of events, in the case of a single stop, when the stop time during which the vehicle stayed at the stop position is long (for example, several tens of seconds), the time at which the stop at the stop position occurred The time difference between the stop time that is and the start time that is the time when the vehicle starts from the stop position also becomes longer. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a single stop event E1 (100, 10) or event E2 (240, 60) (where the x coordinate is the position and the y coordinate is the stop time), the vehicle is 30 seconds at the stop position. When stopped, the start time of the probe vehicle from the stop position is delayed by 30 seconds from the stop time.
For this reason, for example, when the stop time data is a rule describing the stop time, only the stop time included in the single stop event is unconditionally adopted, and the link end passage time (the time in FIG. 9). If ta, tb) is calculated, the passing time of the link end becomes a value far from the actual passing time (t1, t2 in FIG. 9), and the link travel time estimation accuracy may be deteriorated.

  In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a probe information processing apparatus and the like that can generate probe information of an event recording method that can accurately calculate the passage time of a link end.

  (1) The probe information processing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a stop position of the vehicle, a stop time of the vehicle at the stop position, and a stop time that is a time when the stop with respect to the stop position occurs. An acquisition means for acquiring probe information in which a single stop event is recorded; a start time that is a time when the vehicle starts from the stop position by adding the stop time to the stop time; and the start time and the Information processing means for generating a start event including a stop position and adding the start event to the probe information.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the information processing means obtains a start time that is a time when the vehicle starts from the stop position by adding the stop time to the stop time included in the single stop event, and the start time And a stop event including the stop position are generated and added to the probe information. As two types of events including the same stop position, a single stop event including the stop time and a start event including the start time are obtained. Event recording type probe information that can accurately calculate the end passage time can be generated.

  (2) On the other hand, in the probe information processing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, contrary to the case of the first aspect of the present invention, a start event is recorded in the acquired probe information, and a single stop event is generated therefrom. To be added to the probe information.

  That is, the probe information processing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a stop position of the vehicle, a stop time of the vehicle at the stop position, and a start time that is a time when the vehicle starts from the stop position. An acquisition means for acquiring probe information in which a start event is recorded; and a stop time that is a time when a stop with respect to the stop position occurs by subtracting the stop time from the start time, and the stop time and the stop position And an information processing means for generating a single stop event including the information and adding it to the probe information.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the information processing means subtracts the stop time from the start time included in the start event to obtain a stop time that is a stop time when the stop position is known, and the stop Since a single stop event including the time and stop position is generated and added to the probe information, a start event including the start time and a single stop event including the stop time are obtained as two types of events including the same stop position. It is possible to generate probe information of an event recording method that can accurately calculate the passage time of the link end.

  (3) Therefore, in the probe information processing apparatus according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, for example, using the probe information in which both the single stop event and the start event for the same stop position are recorded. If the time calculation means for obtaining the link end passage time is further provided, the link end passage time can be accurately calculated.

  (4) Specifically, when the time calculation means obtains the passing time of the link end between the two preceding events including the position of the vehicle and the time, the start event is the previous event. When the single stop event is used as the subsequent event, the link end passage time can be accurately calculated regardless of the length of the stop time occurring at the stop position. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the passing time of the link end from becoming a value far from the actual value.

  (5) An information processing system according to the present invention includes an information storage unit capable of storing a plurality of types of events occurring in a vehicle while traveling in probe information, and a predetermined speed of the vehicle from a previous stop of the vehicle. Event determination means for determining, as separate events, an independent stop at which the vehicle stops when the threshold is 1 or more, and a stop other than the independent stop, and the stop position of the independent stop event The probe information is generated by including the stop time and the stop time in the probe information, and the probe information is generated for the repeated stop event without including the stop position, the stop time and the stop time in the probe information. An apparatus for generating probe information having information generation means, and acquiring the generated probe information, before the acquired probe information. A processing unit of the probe information according to the first aspect of the present invention to add a start event, characterized in that it comprises.

Therefore, the information processing system of the present invention has the same effects as the probe information processing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention.
Further, according to the information processing system of the present invention, the event determining unit determines the single stop and the repeated stop as separate events, and the information generating unit includes the single stop in the probe information and the probe information about the repeated stop. Therefore, it is possible to generate probe information that efficiently includes the information necessary for calculating traffic indicators such as the number of queues and saturation traffic flow rate (in this case, the stop position of the single stop). There is an advantage that the amount of data for storing and transmitting probe information can be reduced.

(6) A computer program according to the first aspect of the present invention is a computer program for causing a computer to execute processing by the probe information processing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, and is the same as the probe information processing apparatus. Has an effect.
(7) A computer program according to the second aspect of the present invention is a computer program for causing a computer to execute processing by the probe information processing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, and is the same as the probe information processing apparatus. Has an effect.

  (8) In the link end passage time calculation method according to the present invention, the link position is calculated using the position and time of the link end time between the two previous events including the vehicle position and the time. An end passage time calculation method, wherein a start event including a stop position of the vehicle and a start time that is a time when the vehicle starts from the stop position is used as the previous event, and the stop of the vehicle The single stop event including the position and the stop time that is the time when the stop at the stop position occurs is used as the subsequent event.

  According to the method of the present invention, when the passing time of the link end between the two events is calculated using the position and time of the event, the stop position of the vehicle and the time when the vehicle starts from the stop position The start event including the start time is used as the previous event, and the single stop event including the stop position of the vehicle and the stop time at which the stop occurs with respect to the stop position is used as the later event. Therefore, the link end passage time can be accurately calculated regardless of the length of the stop time generated at the stop position. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the passing time of the link end from becoming a value far from the actual value.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to generate event recording type probe information capable of accurately calculating the link end passage time. For this reason, when estimating link travel time using the event recorded on probe information, the deterioration of the estimation precision can be prevented.

It is a road top view which shows the traffic control system which can apply this invention. It is a table | surface which shows the relationship of the application of traffic control, a traffic parameter | index, and probe information. It is a functional block diagram which shows the internal structure of a central apparatus. It is a functional block diagram which shows the internal structure of a vehicle-mounted apparatus. It is a graph which shows the determination method of a stop event. It is a road top view which shows the example of a direction change event. It is a table | surface which shows the frame format of probe information. It is a table | surface which shows bit allocation of the various information described in probe information. It is a graph for showing the time calculation processing by a central apparatus. It is a road top view which shows another traffic system control system which can apply this invention. It is a road top view which shows another traffic system control system which can apply this invention.

[Overall system configuration]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a road plan view showing an example of a traffic control system to which the present invention can be applied.
As shown in FIG. 1, the traffic control system of the present embodiment includes a traffic signal 1, a vehicle-mounted device 2, a roadside sensor 3 including a vehicle detector, a central device 4, and a probe vehicle 5 (hereinafter referred to as a vehicle-mounted device 2). It may be simply referred to as a vehicle 5), and an optical beacon 6 or the like.

Among these, the traffic signal 1 is composed of four signal lamps 1b installed on the main roads RM1, RM2 and subways RS1, RS2, respectively, and a traffic signal controller 1a connected to the signal lamp 1b via a communication line. And.
The traffic signal controller 1a is connected to a central device 4 in the traffic control center via a communication line such as a telephone line, and the central device 4 is a traffic signal controller at each intersection C in its own jurisdiction area. 1a and a local area network (LAN).

Accordingly, the central device 4 can perform bidirectional communication with the traffic signal controller 1a, and the traffic signal controller 1a can also perform bidirectional communication with the controller 1a at other intersections. The central device 4 may be installed on the road instead of the traffic control center.
The traffic signal controller 1a receives a signal control command S1, which is an output resulting from traffic sensitivity control such as MODERATO (Management by Origin-Destination Related Adaptation for Traffic Optimization) control, from the central device 4, and performs this signal control. Based on the command S1, lighting, extinguishing and blinking of the signal lamp included in each signal lamp 1b are controlled.

The traffic signal controller 1 a is also connected to the optical beacon 6 through a communication line, and transmits traffic information S 2 including traffic information and travel time received from the central device 4 to the optical beacon 6.
The optical beacon 6 can perform two-way communication with the probe vehicle 5 on which the in-vehicle device 2 is mounted using an optical signal, and transmits the traffic information S2 including the downlink information DL. The uplink information UL transmitted from the in-vehicle device 2 to the optical beacon 6 includes probe information S3 described later. The probe information S3 is transferred to the central device 4 via the traffic signal controller 1a together with the reception time of the uplink information UL and the beacon ID.

The roadside sensor 3 measures, for example, a vehicle detector that ultrasonically senses a vehicle passing underneath, a loop coil that senses the vehicle by inductance change, or image processing of a camera image to measure traffic volume and vehicle speed. It consists of image sensors and is installed on some roads in the jurisdiction area for the purpose of measuring the number of vehicles flowing into the intersection C and the vehicle speed.
The roadside measurement information S4 detected by the roadside sensor 3 is relayed by the traffic signal controller 1a and transmitted to the central apparatus 4 via the communication line.

[Central equipment]
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing the internal configuration of the central device 4.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the central device 4 includes a control unit 401, a display unit 402, a communication unit 403, a storage unit 404, and an operation unit 405.
The control unit 401 of the central device 4 includes a workstation (WS), a personal computer (PC), etc., and collects / processes (calculates) / records various traffic information from the traffic signal controller 1a, controls signals, and provides information. Is performed in an integrated manner. Note that the control unit 401 of the central device 4 is connected to the hardware units via an internal bus, and also controls the operations of these units.

The control unit 401 of the central device 4 controls the traffic signal controller 1a belonging to its own jurisdiction area by adjusting the traffic signal group 1 on the same road, or wide-area control that extends this system control to the road network. (Surface control) can be executed.
That is, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 performs traffic sensitive control for setting signal control parameters (split, cycle length, offset, etc.) according to traffic conditions. For example, a plurality of types including the MODERATO control and the profile control are included.

The communication unit 403 of the central device 4 is a communication interface connected to the LAN side via a communication line, and includes a signal control command S1 relating to the timing of switching the color of the signal lamp 1b every predetermined time, and the travel time of the road link. Traffic information S2 including traffic information and traffic information is transmitted to each traffic signal 1.
The signal control command S1 is transmitted every signal control parameter calculation cycle (for example, 1.0 to 2.5 minutes), and the traffic information S2 is transmitted every five minutes, for example.

  In addition, the communication unit 403 of the central device 4 performs traffic signal control on the probe information S3 that is movement measurement information including the position and time (trajectory) of the probe vehicle 5 and the vehicle ID, and roadside measurement information S4 by the roadside sensor 3. From the device 1a.

The display unit 402 of the central device 4 includes a road map of an area managed by the central device 4 and a display screen on which positions of all traffic signals 1, roadside sensors 3, and optical beacons 6 are displayed on the road map. It informs the central operator of traffic conditions such as traffic jams and accidents.
The operation unit 405 of the central device 4 includes an input interface such as a keyboard and a mouse. The operation unit 405 allows the central operator to perform a display switching operation on the display unit 402.

The storage unit 404 of the central device 4 includes a hard disk, a semiconductor memory, and the like, and stores a control program for the above-described traffic sensitivity control and a traffic index calculation program used for the traffic sensitivity control. The storage unit 404 also has a temporary storage area for the signal control command S1 and the traffic information S2 generated by the control unit 401.
The storage unit 404 of the central device 4 includes a probe database DB1, a roadside database DB2, and a map database DB3.

In the probe database DB1, various event information including the position and time of the probe vehicle 5 included in the probe information S3 and the link end passage time calculated from the position and time of the event are accumulated for each vehicle ID. The
In the roadside database DB2, various measurement values of the roadside measurement information S4 (such as the number of vehicles passing through the link) are accumulated.

The map database DB3 accumulates road map data, and this road map data includes intersection data, link data, and beacon data.
Among these, the intersection data associates the intersection ID with the position of the intersection. The link data is connected to the link ID, the link start point / end point / interpolation point (corresponding to the point where the road bends), the link ID of the link connected to the link start point, and the link end point. The link ID is associated with the link. This link data includes the number of lanes of each link.

The beacon data associates the beacon ID assigned to each optical beacon 6 with its position. Although there are some variations as the method of specifying the installation position of the optical beacon 6, for example, the installation position of the communication controller of the optical beacon 6 can be adopted.
Further, in the case of the optical beacon 6 having a plurality of heads, the installation position of the head of the representative lane among them may be set as the position of the optical beacon 6, and the position where the probe information S3 is uplinked is more accurately classified by lane. If it is desired to specify the position, the installation position of each head may be individually stored.

As will be described later, the in-vehicle device 2 of the present embodiment generates probe information S3 in which event information such as single stop, direction change, and constant distance travel is recorded, and the probe information S3 of the event recording method is stored in the central device 4. Is acquired via the optical beacon 6 and the traffic signal controller 1a.
Therefore, the control unit 401 of the central apparatus 4 estimates the link (traveling link) on which the probe vehicle 5 travels based on the event recording type probe information S3, and calculates the passing time of the link end in the travel link. I do.

Specifically, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 executes the following processes (1) to (4) using the event recording type probe information S3.
(1) Event addition processing (2) Map matching processing (3) Travel link estimation processing (4) Passing time calculation processing

Among the processes described above, the “event addition process” generates an “uplink event” and a “start event” for the acquired probe information S3 in order to improve the estimation accuracy of the travel locus and the link travel time. This is a process of adding this to the probe information S3.
That is, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 generates the respective events that are not recorded in the in-vehicle device 2 in a complementary manner, and uses the generated events as event information of the corresponding vehicle ID probe information S3. Store in DB1. Details of the event addition process will be described later.

As described above, the central device 4 according to the present embodiment generates an event other than the event included in the event recording method probe information S3 generated by the in-vehicle device 2, and adds the generated event to the probe information S3. Functions as a device.
Therefore, information processing related to the probe information S3 is performed by the in-vehicle device 2 that generates the probe information S3 of the event recording method and the central device 4 that adds another event to the probe information S3. The system is configured.
That is, the information processing system of the present embodiment acquires the probe information S3 generated by the in-vehicle device 2 that is a probe information generation device that generates the probe information S3 of the event recording method, and is included in the acquired probe information S3. A central device 4 that is an information processing device that generates an event other than the generated event and adds the event to the probe information S3.

The “map matching process” is a process for associating the position of the event included in the probe information S3 with the position of the link on the map. When there is a deviation in these positions, the position of the event is corrected on the link estimated to have actually traveled.
“Running link estimation processing” is a probe that searches between two arbitrary map-matched events under a predetermined condition (such as the shortest distance or the shortest time) using an algorithm such as a brute force or Dijkstra method. This is a process for estimating the link traveled by the vehicle 5.

Further, the “passing time calculation process” extracts two previous events including the position of the probe vehicle 5 and the time thereof from the probe database DB1, and links the passing time difference between the two events between the two events. This is a process of obtaining the time allocated at the distance ratio and calculating the link end passage time based on the previous event passage time and the allocated time.
The control unit 401 stores the calculated link end passage time in the probe database DB1. Details of this calculation process will also be described later.

The control unit 401 of the central device 4 estimates the link travel time every predetermined time based on the passage time of the link end accumulated in the probe database DB1 and the roadside measurement information S4 accumulated in the roadside database DB2. The estimated value is recorded in the map database DB3.
For example, for a link for which either the probe information S3 or the roadside measurement information S4 is obtained, the control unit 401 estimates the travel time obtained from the information as the travel time of the link, and both are obtained. For a link, the time obtained by correcting each travel time obtained from both pieces of information with a predetermined weight is estimated as the travel time of the link.

In place of the roadside measurement information S4, the link travel time acquired from a traffic information distribution center such as the VICS Center (“VICS” is a registered trademark of the “Road Traffic Information Communication System Center”) (ie, “VICS travel time”). )) May be used.
The link travel time is usually a past estimated value that is updated every 5 minutes based on the latest roadside measurement information S4, and is obtained using a predetermined prediction algorithm based on the past estimated value. It may be a predicted value for the future.

[Types of traffic control by central equipment]
FIG. 2 is a table showing the relationship between the traffic control application executed by the control unit 401 of the central apparatus 4, the traffic index that is input information necessary for the application, and the probe information necessary for calculating the traffic index. It is.
For example, the traffic indicators (input information for traffic control) necessary for MODERATO control and profile control implemented for the advancement of signal control are the number of queues and saturated traffic flow rate, which are necessary for detour priority control. Traffic indicators are travel time and travel route.

The traffic index necessary for detecting the bottleneck position, which is implemented for the traffic flow analysis, is the number of stops of the vehicle 5 that is running.
Furthermore, the estimation of CO2 emissions performed by MOCS requires the number of stops of vehicle 5 (in this case, it is necessary to distinguish between repeated stop and single stop described later). The traffic index necessary for management is the travel route of the vehicle 5.

[In-vehicle device]
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing the internal configuration of the in-vehicle device 2 of the probe vehicle 5.
The in-vehicle device 2 has a road-to-vehicle communication function that performs bidirectional optical communication with the optical beacon 6 and a navigation function that guides the destination set by the passenger.
As shown in FIG. 4, the in-vehicle device 2 includes a GPS processing unit 201, a direction sensor 202, a vehicle speed acquisition unit 203, an optical communication unit 204, a storage unit 205, an operation unit 206, a display unit 207, an audio output unit 208, and a control unit. 209 etc.

The GPS processing unit 201 receives GPS signals from GPS satellites, and determines the position (latitude, longitude, and altitude) of the probe vehicle 5 based on time information, GPS satellite orbits, positioning correction information, and the like included in the GPS signals. measure.
The direction sensor 202 is constituted by an optical fiber gyro or the like, and measures the direction and angular velocity of the probe vehicle 5. The vehicle speed acquisition unit 203 acquires speed data of the probe vehicle 5 measured by a vehicle speed sensor (not shown) detecting the angular speed of the wheels.

  The optical communication unit 204 of the in-vehicle device 2 transmits and receives the uplink information UL and the downlink information DL in the communication area of the optical beacon 6 set at a predetermined position on the road. That is, when the probe vehicle 5 that has flowed out of the intersection C enters the communication area of the optical beacon 6, the optical communication unit 204 of the in-vehicle device 2 receives the downlink information DL including the traffic information S <b> 2 and receives its own probe information S <b> 3. The included uplink information UL is transmitted to the optical beacon 6.

The storage unit 205 of the in-vehicle device 2 includes a hard disk, a semiconductor memory, and the like, and a storage area for storing various information such as traffic information S2 included in the downlink information DL and probe information S3 included in the uplink information UL. Have
The storage unit 205 also stores road map data. This road map data includes intersection data in which intersection IDs are associated with intersection positions. In the road map data, the link ID, the link start point / end point / interpolation point (corresponding to the point where the road bends), the link ID of the link connected to the link start point, and the link end point are connected. Link data in which the link ID of the link to be associated with the link cost used for specifying the optimum route is also included.

For example, the number of link costs is the same as the number of links and links connected to the end point, and after entering the start point of the link, the end point of the link is exited, and the start point of the next link to be connected is entered. The time required to do is set.
That is, the link cost includes the cost (time) required to travel from the start point to the end point of the link and the cost (time) required to travel from the end point of the link to the start point of the next link, that is, the intersection. The cost required to pass is included.

The operation unit 206 of the in-vehicle device 2 includes a touch panel, buttons, and the like, and a passenger of the vehicle 5 including a driver can set a destination.
The display unit 207 of the in-vehicle device 2 includes a monitor device (not shown) attached to the dashboard portion of the vehicle 5, and displays image data created by the control unit 209 in the sensitivity request process described later to the passenger. The audio output unit 208 outputs the audio data created by the control unit 209 from a speaker (not shown).

The control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 includes a microcomputer or the like, and includes a GPS processing unit 201, a direction sensor 202, a vehicle speed acquisition unit 203, an optical communication unit 204, a storage unit 205, an operation unit 206, a display unit 207, and an audio output unit. Each process in 208 is controlled.
In addition, the control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 includes data on the position of the vehicle 5 measured by the GPS processing unit 201, the azimuth and angular velocity of the vehicle 5 measured by the orientation sensor 202, and the speed of the vehicle 5 acquired by the vehicle speed acquisition unit 203. The map matching process is performed based on the road map data stored in the storage unit 205, and the position of the probe vehicle 5 on the link of the road map data can be calculated.

  Furthermore, in the storage unit 205 of the in-vehicle device 2, “event determination processing” for determining the occurrence of various events that occur during the traveling of the probe vehicle 5, and the event and its relation according to the nature of the various events. A computer program for causing the control unit 209 to execute “information generation processing” for determining which of the information is included in the probe information S3 and generating the probe information S3 in which the determined event is recorded. Stored.

The control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 executes the “event determination process” and the “information generation process” by reading the program from the storage unit 205 and executing the program. Hereinafter, these processes which the control part 209 of the vehicle-mounted apparatus 2 performs are demonstrated.
In the present embodiment, since the optical beacon 6 is used as a means for transmitting the probe information S3 to the infrastructure side, the control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 causes the optical beacon 6 to pass next to the optical beacon 6. Probe information S3 describing various events that occurred during traveling on the route between the two and related information is generated.

[Judgment process for stop event]
The stop events determined by the control unit 209 of the present embodiment include “independent stop” and “repetitive stop”.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a method for determining whether to stop alone or repeatedly. In the graph of FIG. 5, the horizontal axis is the travel distance of the vehicle 5, and the vertical axis is the speed.
Further, the first threshold value V1 in FIG. 5 is a threshold value for determining whether the stop of the vehicle 5 is repeated stop or single stop, and is set to 30 km / h, for example. The second threshold value V2 is a value that can be regarded as a substantial stop when the speed is less than this, and is set to, for example, 5 km / h.

Here, “independent stop” refers to a stop from a non-congested traveling state, and corresponds to a signal waiting stop at a non-congested intersection or an initial stop at a congested intersection. The “repetitive stop” is a stop from the traffic running state, and is an event assuming a case where the vehicle 5 repeatedly stops and starts due to the traffic jam (Stop & Go).
For example, as indicated by points A and B in FIG. 5, the speed of the vehicle 5 decreases from a state where it exceeds the first threshold value (speed threshold value for determining traffic congestion) V1, and the speed is reduced to the second threshold value (for determining stoppage). Speed threshold) V2 and the vehicle 5 stops, it is determined as “independent stop”.

On the other hand, when the speed of the vehicle 5 increases or decreases within the range less than the first threshold value V1, and the speed of the vehicle 5 falls below the second threshold value V2 and stops as shown in FIG. , “Repetition stop” is determined.
In the present specification, the “stop time” means a time during which the vehicle 5 stays at the stop position, and the “stop time” means a time when the stop with respect to the stop position occurs. . The “start time” means the time when the vehicle 5 starts from the stop position. Therefore, a relationship of “stop time = start time−stop time” is established among the stop time, stop time, and start time of the vehicle 5.

Under the event determination conditions described above, the control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 executes the following processes (1) to (6).
(1) First, the control unit 209 clears all of the number of repeated stops, the number of independent stops, the stop time and stop position, and the high-speed travel flag when the event determination process is activated.
(2) Next, the control unit 209 monitors the speed of the vehicle 5 every predetermined time (for example, 1 second) set in advance, and if this speed is equal to or higher than the first threshold value V1, the high-speed running flag Set to on.

(3) Next, the control unit 209 determines that the vehicle 5 has stopped when the state where the speed is less than the second threshold value V2 continues for a certain number of seconds (constant setting: for example, 5 seconds).
In this case, when the high-speed traveling flag is on, the vehicle 5 can be regarded as being in the state of point A or point B in FIG. 5, so the number of independent stops is incremented, and when the high-speed flag is off, Since it can also be in the state of point C, the number of repeated stops is incremented.

(4) Further, after determining that the vehicle 5 is stopped, the control unit 209 determines that the vehicle 5 has restarted when the speed exceeds the second threshold value V2. At this time, when the high-speed running flag is on, this corresponds to the case of single stop, and the stop time, stop position, and stop time are stored in the storage unit 205.
However, the control unit 209 previously sets a limited number (constant setting: for example, 5 times) that can be included in the probe information S3 for the single stop event with a stop position.

Accordingly, when the number of single stops exceeds the above-mentioned limited number, the control unit 209 updates the single stop time, stop position, and stop time by overwriting the oldest data, for example. In addition, the control unit 209 finally sets the high speed travel flag to OFF.
(5) The control unit 209 repeats the processes (2) to (4) until communication with the next optical beacon 6 occurs.

(6) Further, the control unit 209 performs generation processing of the probe information S3 in which the following event information (a) is recorded until communication with the next optical beacon 6 occurs, and the probe information at the time of passing the probe information S3 S3 is included in the uplink information UL and transmitted to the optical communication unit 204.
(A) Single stop event information-Stop position, stop time and stop time-Number of repeated stops that occurred before the single stop from the previous recording event-Before the single stop from the previous recording event, Number of independent stops that are no longer recorded events due to data update

Here, the “recording event” is an event recorded in the probe information S3 as an event having at least position information. In addition to the single stop of (a) having a stop position, the direction change or constant described later is performed. This includes distance driving events.
Note that after the transmission of the uplink information UL to the optical beacon 6, the control unit 209 clears all the stop position, stop time, and stop time that constitute the single stop event information as the recording event.

As described above, when the stop event is a single stop, the control unit 209 includes the stop position, the stop time, and the stop time in the probe information S3 for those within a predetermined limited number (for example, five times). The stop position, stop time, and stop time are not included in the probe information S3 for the single stop whose data has been updated because the limit number has been exceeded and for all repeated stops.
However, the number of stoppages of single stop and repeated stop is included in the probe information S3 as event information accompanying the next recording event.

  According to the in-vehicle device 2 of the present embodiment, the control unit 209 determines a single stop caused by waiting for a signal or the like and a repeated stop that repeats the stop and start as separate events, and the number of queues and the saturated traffic flow rate For the single stop required for the calculation of the number, the number of stoppages, stop time, and stop time included as event information are those below a predetermined limited number, and for repeated stop, only the stop count is included in the event information of another recording event. Included.

Accordingly, it is possible to generate the probe information S3 that can calculate the traffic index such as the number of queues and the saturated traffic flow rate while efficiently using the data amount for storing and transmitting the probe information S3.
Further, since the number of stops is included in the event information of each recording event so that it is possible to distinguish between single stop and repeated stop, the central device 4 that has acquired the probe information S3 from the in-vehicle device 2 has the recording event. Can be used to estimate the CO2 emission amount by MOCS.

[Judgment processing for direction change events]
FIG. 6 is a road plan view showing an example of a direction change event.
FIG. 6A shows a direction change event that occurs on a right turn at an intersection (however, a left turn may be used), and FIG. 6B shows a direction change event that occurs on a relatively sharply curved single road. .
The control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 extracts “direction fluctuation” having a small curvature radius and a large change in the traveling direction of the vehicle 5 as an event as shown in FIG. 6, and generates probe information S3 related thereto. The following processes (1) to (5) are executed.

(1) First, the control unit 209 monitors the traveling locus of the vehicle 2 every certain time (constant setting: for example 1 second), and the vehicle 5 is constant from the previous locus stored in the storage unit 205 last time. If the vehicle travels more than a distance (constant setting: 10 m, for example), the storage unit 205 stores the position (latitude and longitude) and direction (if not found from the relative position with respect to the previous time) as the current locus.
(2) Next, if the azimuth difference between the previous trajectory and the current trajectory is equal to or greater than a certain value (constant setting: 5 degrees, for example), the control unit 209 regards that the azimuth change has started.

(3) Furthermore, the control unit 209 determines that the azimuth difference between the previous trajectory and the current trajectory is less than a certain value (constant setting: for example, 5 degrees) and the number of times is constant (constant setting: for example, twice). The direction change is considered complete.
(4) Next, if the difference between the azimuth at the start of the azimuth change and the azimuth at the end of the azimuth change is equal to or greater than a certain value (constant setting: 30 degrees, for example), the control unit 209 It is considered that an event has occurred, and the storage unit 205 stores the time, position, and direction at the end of the direction change.

However, the control unit 209 previously sets a limited number (constant setting: for example, twice) that can be included in the probe information S3 for the direction change event and the fixed distance travel event described later, separately from the single stop. doing.
Therefore, if the total number of these events from the previous uplink information UL exceeds the limited number, the control unit 209 overwrites the oldest data, for example, and changes the direction change end time, end position, and Clear absolute bearing.
(5) The control unit 209 repeats the processes (1) to (4) until communication with the next optical beacon 6 occurs.

(6) Further, the control unit 209 performs generation processing of the probe information S3 in which the following event information (b) is recorded until communication with the next optical beacon 6 occurs. S3 is included in the uplink information UL and transmitted to the optical communication unit 204.
(B) Direction change event information-Direction change end time, end position, and absolute direction-Number of repeated stops that occurred before the direction change from the previous recording event-Before the direction change from the recording event Number of independent stops that occurred and are no longer recorded events due to data updates

  Note that after the transmission of the uplink information UL to the optical beacon 6, the control unit 209 clears all the azimuth change end time, end position, and absolute azimuth constituting the direction change event information as the recording event.

[Judgment process for certain distance driving event]
Further, the control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 executes the following processes (1) to (4) in order to determine as an event whether or not the vehicle 5 has traveled a sufficiently long constant distance (a constant distance travel). .

(1) First, the control unit 209 clears the accumulated travel distance when either the stop event (single stop or repeated stop) or the direction change event occurs. The control unit 209 also clears the cumulative travel distance even when a direction change event occurs before the cumulative travel distance exceeds a certain distance (constant setting: for example, 500 m).
(2) Next, the control unit 209 monitors the travel locus every predetermined time (constant setting: for example, 1 second), and integrates the travel distance from the previous event.

(3) If the cumulative travel distance exceeds a certain distance (constant setting: 500 m, for example), the control unit 209 considers that a certain distance travel event has occurred and stores the time, position, and direction in the storage unit 205.
However, as described above, a limited number (constant setting: for example, 2 times) is set for the total number of directional fluctuations and constant distance travel, so the total number of those events from the previous uplink information UL is limited. When the number is exceeded, for example, the oldest data is overwritten, and the cumulative travel distance is cleared.

  (4) The control unit 209 repeats the processes (1) to (3) until communication with the next optical beacon 6 occurs.

(5) Further, the control unit 209 performs generation processing of the probe information S3 in which the following event information (c) is recorded until communication with the next optical beacon 6 occurs. S3 is included in the uplink information UL and transmitted to the optical communication unit 204.
(C) Event information of constant distance travel ・ End time, position and cumulative travel distance of constant distance travel ・ Number of repeated stops that occurred before the predetermined distance travel from the previous recording event ・ Constant distance from the previous recording event Number of independent stops that occurred before the run and were no longer recorded due to data updates

  Note that after the transmission of the uplink information UL to the optical beacon 6, the control unit 209 clears all the travel end time, position, and cumulative travel distance that constitute the event information of a fixed distance travel as a recording event. .

[Exception handling for stop events]
By the way, the point P of Fig.6 (a) has shown the stop position in the intersection at the time of a right turn. Here, when there is no preceding vehicle on the right turn lane, the traveling vehicle 5 decelerates to a point P that is less than the second threshold value V2, and a single stop or a repeated stop may occur at the point P.
However, the point P in the intersection is irrelevant to signal waiting, and is not necessary for calculating the number of queues and the saturated traffic flow rate. If this is adopted as a stop event, useless probe information S3 is included. Uplink information UL is sent to the infrastructure side.

Therefore, the control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 refers to the road map data included in the storage unit 205, and based on which position in the road map data the traveling position of the vehicle 5 is changing the direction. It is determined whether or not the stop event of the vehicle 5 is a right turn stop that is a stop within an intersection at the time of a right turn as indicated by a point P in FIG. 6 (a). It is not adopted as a single stop or repeated stop.
That is, the control unit 209 processes the right turn stop as a stop event that is not included in the probe information S3 and is not a recorded event.

On the other hand, a point Q in FIG. 6B indicates the stop position of the vehicle 5 during the direction change on a relatively sharp single road. Here, when the signal at the intersection on the downstream side of the single road is red, the traveling vehicle 5 decelerates to a value less than the second threshold value V2 at the point Q, and stops alone or repeatedly at the point Q. May occur.
Therefore, it is considered that the stop at the point Q during the direction change on a single road is necessary for calculating the number of queues and the saturated traffic flow rate, unlike the case of the right turn in FIG. The stop event should be included in the probe information S3.

Therefore, the control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2 refers to the road map data included in the storage unit 205, and based on which position in the road map data the traveling position of the vehicle 5 is changing the direction. It is determined whether or not the stop event of the vehicle 5 is a single road stop that is a stop during a change of direction on a single road, as indicated by a point Q in FIG. 6 (a). This is adopted as a single stop or repeated stop.
That is, the control unit 209 processes the single path stop as a stop event included in the probe information S3.

[Frame contents of probe information]
FIG. 7 is a table showing a frame format of the probe information S3 generated by the control unit 209 of the in-vehicle device 2.
As shown in FIG. 7, the data area of the probe information S3 includes a header, basic items, and attribute types, and the header can describe the number of independent stops and the number of repeated stops.

In addition, the basic item includes a position and measurement time description area, the position is described in latitude and longitude, and the measurement time is described in hours, minutes, and seconds.
Further, the attribute item includes an event type and event value description area. The event type describes the type or flag. For example, when “1” is assigned to a single stop, “2” is assigned to a direction change, and “3” is assigned to a certain distance as the type value of each event, any one of these values 1 to 3 is assigned. Recorded in the event type.

In the event value, at least one of direction, stop time, and travel distance is described as a data value corresponding to the event type.
In this embodiment, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 generates an “uplink event” and a “start event” and adds them to the probe information S3. In this case, the control unit 401 is generated by the in-vehicle device 2. A type value (for example, uplink event = 4, start event = 5) that can be distinguished from the event to be performed is described in the event type.

[Probe information bit assignment]
FIG. 8 is a table showing bit allocation of various information described in the probe information S3.
As shown in FIG. 8, the stop time in the case of a single stop is represented by 8 bits, divided into the case of second and minute by the initial bit value, and the time is represented by the remaining 7 bits. For this reason, the time from 0x01 (1 second) to 0xff (127 minutes) can be allocated in hexadecimal with 1 second as the minimum unit.

Further, the absolute direction in the case of the direction change is assigned as 16 units in the clockwise direction with “1” in the north.
Furthermore, 8 bits are assigned to the travel distance from the previous event in the case of constant distance travel or direction change, and is in units of 5 m. In this case, a travel distance from 0x01 (5 m) to 0xff (1275 m) can be assigned in hexadecimal.

[Add event processing]
<Uplink event addition processing>
As described above, when the optical beacon 6 receives the uplink information UL including the probe information S3 from the in-vehicle device 2, the probe information S3 together with its beacon ID is transmitted to the central device 4 via the traffic signal controller 1a. Send.
On the other hand, the map database DB3 of the storage unit 404 of the central device 4 stores the beacon IDs of all the optical beacons 6 in the jurisdiction area and the corresponding positions.

Therefore, when the communication unit 403 receives the probe information S3 from a certain optical beacon 6, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 extracts the reception time in the communication unit 403, and the probe information S3 is uplinked to this reception time. Time (hereinafter referred to as uplink time).
Further, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 extracts the installation position (for example, the installation position of the beacon controller) corresponding to the beacon ID received by the communication unit 403 together with the probe information S3 from the beacon data of the map database DB3, The extracted position data is specified as a position where the probe information S3 is uplinked (hereinafter referred to as an uplink position).

Further, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 generates event information (hereinafter referred to as “uplink event”) including the identified uplink position and uplink time, and the generated uplink event is converted into probe information. It is added to the last record portion of S3 and stored in the probe database DB1.
As described above, the position of the optical beacon 6 recorded in the beacon data is any one of (1) the installation position of the beacon controller, (2) the installation position of the head of the representative lane, and (3) the installation position of each head. Therefore, any of these installation positions can be adopted as the uplink position.

  However, when adopting the installation position of each head in (3), the control unit 401 identifies the head that has received the uplink information UL based on the lane information received together with the probe information S3. In this case, since the position where the probe information S3 is uplinked can be specified for each lane, there is an advantage that the accuracy of the uplink position can be improved as compared with the other two.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 acquires the probe information S3 where the vehicle 5 is uplinked to the optical beacon 6, and the position and time when the probe information S3 is uplinked, Since an uplink event including the uplinked position and time is added to the probe information S3, the probe information S3 having a lot of trajectory information of the vehicle 5 is obtained by the addition of the uplink event.
Therefore, it is possible to further improve the calculation accuracy of travel time and travel route on the infrastructure side as compared to the case of using normal probe information S3 without the addition (see Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-185144).

<Starting event addition process>
By the way, in the central device 4 of the present embodiment, the time when the control unit 401 distributes the passing time difference between the two preceding events including the position of the probe vehicle 5 and the time by the distance ratio of the link between the two events. The link end passage time is calculated based on the passage time of the previous event and the allocated time.
On the other hand, in the case of a single stop, when the stop time during which the vehicle 5 stayed at the stop position is long (for example, several tens of seconds), the stop time that is the stop time for the stop position and the stop The time difference from the start time, which is the time when the vehicle starts from the position, also becomes longer. For example, when the vehicle stops at the stop position for 30 seconds as in the event E1 (100, 10) or the event E2 (240, 60) which are single stops shown in FIG. 9, the probe vehicle from the stop position The start time of 5 is 30 seconds behind the stop time.

However, in the present embodiment, on the in-vehicle device 2 side, only “stop time” is written as the time data of single stop, and “start time” is not written as single stop event information. .
For this reason, when the central device 4 unconditionally adopts only the “stop time” included in the single stop event and calculates the link end passage time (time ta, tb in FIG. 9), The passing time becomes a value far from the actual passing time (t1 and t2 in FIG. 9), and the link travel time estimation accuracy may be deteriorated.

Therefore, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 generates probe information S3 of an event recording method that can accurately calculate the passage time of the link end. Therefore, when the acquired probe information S3 includes a single stop event. Using the data content of the single stop event, a “start event” including the start time from the stop position and the stop position is generated.
The control unit 401 adds the generated start event to the record immediately after the corresponding single stop event in the probe information S3 and stores it in the probe database DB1.

The “stop time” of the start event is obtained by adding the “stop time” to the “stop time” extracted from the single stop event.
The “stop position” included in the start event is the same value as the “stop position” extracted from the single stop event.

[Link end time calculation processing]
FIG. 9 is a graph for illustrating a link end passage time calculation process by the central device 4.
In FIG. 9, l (lower-case el) 1 to l3 indicate specific links recorded in the map database DB3 of the central device 4, and the connection ends (nodes) are n0 to n3. The lengths of l1 to l3 are all 150m.

Ej (j = 0 to 3) is a recording event corresponding to the links 11 to 13 extracted from the probe database DB1. X in Ej (x, y) indicates the position (distance along the link) of the event Ej, and y indicates time.
In FIG. 9, a circle (event E0) indicates that the event is “traveling a fixed distance”, and a triangle (event E3) indicates that the event is a direction change. In FIG. 9, the ■ mark (events E1, E2) indicates that the event is “single stop”, and the □ mark (events E1 ′, E2 ′) indicates that the event is a “start event”. .

ai and bi (i = 1 to 3) are the internal ratios of the links l1 to l3 by the event Ej when the position of the event Ej is in the middle of the links l1 to l3. Here, a1: b1 = 2: 1, a2: b2 = 3: 2, and a3: b3 = 1: 1.
That is, the events E1 and E1 ′ are at a position that divides the link l1 into 2: 1, and the events E2 and E2 ′ are at a position that divides the link l2 into 3: 2. Event E3 is at a position that internally divides link 13 into 1: 1.

Here, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 first determines whether or not the positions x of the two events Ej and Ej + 1 included in the probe information S3 are in the link.
The reason is that if two events Ej and Ej + 1 are on the same link, it is not necessary to distribute the passage time difference between the events Ej and Ej + 1 to a plurality of links. In the example shown in the figure, since the events E1 to E3 are all in the middle of one link 11 to 13, the determination result of the determination is No (No).

  Next, the control unit 401 of the central device 4 determines the passage time difference of the link end ni between the two previous events Ej and Ej + 1 including the position x and the time y, and the distance of the link li between the events Ej and Ej + 1. The time allocated by the ratio is obtained, and the time corresponding to the previous event Ej is added to the time y of the previous event Ej to obtain the passage time of the link end ni. In this case, the control unit 401 determines the start event. Is used as “Previous Event Ej”, and “Single Event” is used as “Subsequent Event Ej + 1”.

Specifically, when calculating the passage time t1 of the link end n1, the control unit 401 adopts “start event E1 ′” as the previous event and “single stop event E2” as the subsequent event. The passage time t1 of the link end n1 is calculated by the following equation using the position x and time y of these events E1 ′ and E2.
t1 = 40 + (60-40) × {50 / (240-100)} = 47.1 seconds

Further, when calculating the passage time t2 of the link end n2, the control unit 401 adopts “start event E2 ′” as the previous event and “direction change event E3” as the subsequent event. Using the position x and time y of these events E2 'and E3, the passage time t2 of the link end n2 is calculated by the following equation.
t2 = 90 + (110−90) × {60 / (375-240)} = 98.9 seconds

On the other hand, as shown by the dashed-dotted arrow in FIG. 9, “single stop vent E1” is adopted as the previous event and “single stop event E2” is adopted as the subsequent event, and the passage of the link end n1 When the time ta is obtained, the following equation is obtained.
ta = 10 + (60−10) × {50 / (240−100)} = 27.9 seconds In addition, “single stop vent E2” is adopted as the previous event, and “direction change event E3” is adopted as the subsequent event. ”And the passage time tb of the link end n2 is obtained as follows.
ta = 60 + (110-60) × {50 / (375-240)} = 78.5 seconds

  As apparent from the comparison of the values of t1 and ta and t2 and tb described above, when only the “stop time” included in the single stop events E1 and E2 is unconditionally adopted, the single stop events E1 and E2 are used as the previous event. , The passage times ta and tb of the link ends n1 and n2 are greatly different from the actual passage times t1 and t2. Therefore, if the link travel time obtained from the passage times ta and tb different from the actual one is adopted as it is, the estimation accuracy of the link travel time is deteriorated.

  Similarly, if only the “start time” included in the start events E1 ′ and E2 ′ is unconditionally adopted, when the start event E2 ′ is used as a subsequent event, the passage time of the link end n1 is shown in FIG. Since the time tc also becomes a value far from the actual time t1, in this case as well, if the link travel time obtained from the passage time is adopted as it is, the link travel time estimation accuracy Will get worse.

  In this regard, according to the central device 4 of the present embodiment, when the passage time of the link end ni between the two preceding events Ej and Ej + 1 including the vehicle position x and the time y is obtained, Since the single stop event is used as the subsequent event Ej + 1, the accurate passage time t1 when the probe vehicle 5 actually passes the link end ni regardless of the length of the stop time occurring at the stop position x. , T2 can be calculated, and the link end passage times t1 and t2 do not differ from the actual values.

Further, according to the central device 4 of the present embodiment, the control unit 401 stores the start event having the start time, which is the same stop position as the single stop event, in the probe database DB1 in advance, so that the link end ni Event recording type probe information S3 that can accurately calculate the passage times t1 and t2 is generated in advance.
Therefore, when the passage times t1 and t2 of the link end ni are obtained using the probe information S3, it is not necessary to calculate the start time from the stop position of the single stop event each time, and the calculation processing of the passage times t1 and t2 is performed. There is also an advantage that can be performed quickly.

  In the example of FIG. 9, a case where only one link end ni exists between the previous event Ej and the subsequent event Ej + 1 is illustrated, but two or more link ends exist between the events Ej and Ej + 1. In this case, two times are obtained by obtaining a time obtained by allocating the difference in passage time between the events Ej and Ej + 1 by using a plurality of link lengths between them, and sequentially adding each distribution time to the time of the previous event Ej. What is necessary is just to obtain | require the passage time of the above link end.

[First Modification]
In the above embodiment, when the in-vehicle device 2 generates a “single stop event” and the central device 4 acquires the probe information S3 that records this, the central device 4 generates a “start event” and the probe information S3. However, it is also possible to reverse the generation subject of the single stop event and the start event.

That is, the in-vehicle device 2 generates a “start event” including a stop position of the vehicle 5, a stop time of the vehicle 5 at the stop position, and a start time that is a time when the vehicle 5 starts from the stop position. It may be.
When the central device 4 acquires the probe information S3 that records the start event, the central device 4 obtains the stop time by subtracting the stop time from the start time, and includes the stop time and the stop position. Is added to the record immediately after the corresponding start event in the probe information S3 and stored in the probe database DB1.

  Even in this case, since the two types of events of “start event” and “single stop event” are stored in the probe database DB1 for the same stop position, the same effect as the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

[Second Modification]
FIG. 10 is a road plan view showing another traffic control system to which the present invention is applicable.
The modification shown in FIG. 10 is different from the above embodiment (FIG. 1) in that the in-vehicle device 2 does not generate the event recording type probe information S3, but between the traffic signal controller 1a and the central device 4. The information relay device 8 that relays information communication generates the probe information S3 of the event recording method based on the travel locus information S5 acquired from the in-vehicle device 2 via the roadside communication device 7, and transmits this to the central device 4. In the point.

That is, the roadside communication device 7 is a medium / wide area communication device assuming an ITS wireless communication system, and is capable of wireless communication by radio waves with the in-vehicle device 2 of the probe vehicle 5 flowing into the intersection C.
The in-vehicle device 2 transmits the travel locus information S5 of the host vehicle included in the uplink information UL to the roadside communication device 2, and the roadside communication device 7 that has received the uplink information UL transmits the travel locus information S5 to the information relay device. Send to 8.

The information relay device 8 performs an event determination process for each vehicle ID based on the travel locus information S5 received from the roadside communication device 7, generates probe information S3 that records the determined event, and transmits the probe information S3 to the central device 4. .
When the central device 4 acquires the probe information S3 from the information relay device 8, the central device 4 determines whether or not a single stop event is recorded. If it is recorded, the central device 4 generates a corresponding start event and probes It adds to information S3.

Also in the second modification, the information relay device 8 generates the probe information S3 in which the start event is recorded, and the central device 4 that has acquired the probe information S3 generates the single stop event to generate the probe information S3. You may decide to add to.
Thus, in the second modified example, the information relay device 8 generates the probe information S3 of the event recording method, and the central device 4 generates an event other than the event included in the probe information S3, and the probe information S3 It functions as an information processing device to be added.

  Therefore, in the case of the second modification, the information relay device 8 that is a probe information generation device that generates the probe information S3 of the event recording method, the generated probe information S3, and the acquired probe information S3. An information processing system in which the two devices cooperate to perform information processing related to the probe information S3 from the central device 4 that is an information processing device that generates an event other than the events included in the information and adds it to the probe information S3. .

[Third Modification]
FIG. 11 is a road plan view showing another traffic control system to which the present invention is applicable.
The modification shown in FIG. 11 is different from the above embodiment (FIG. 1) in that the wireless communication unit of the in-vehicle device 2 is composed of a mobile communication terminal such as a mobile phone 2A, and the event recording type probe information generated by the in-vehicle device 2 is used. S3 is transmitted to the central device 4 through the mobile communication terminal.

In this case, the uplink information UL including the probe information S3 is wirelessly transmitted to the base station device 2B of the mobile phone 2A and is transmitted to the central device 4 via a communication network such as the Internet.
In the case of a wide-area mobile communication terminal such as the mobile phone 2A, the uplink information UL can be transmitted from almost all roads in the jurisdiction area of the central apparatus A. Therefore, in the probe vehicle 5, the probe information S3 of the event recording method is used. Instead, the travel locus information S5 may be stored in the uplink information UL and transmitted.

  In this case, the central device 4 collects the travel locus information S5 for each vehicle ID, and performs event determination processing using the travel locus information S5, thereby recording an event record for each vehicle ID including a single stop event and a start event. The probe information S3 of the method is generated by the central device 4 itself and stored in the probe database DB1.

  In addition, it should be thought that embodiment disclosed this time is an illustration and restrictive at no points. The scope of rights of the present invention is shown not by the meaning of the above embodiment but by the scope of claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traffic signal device 1a Traffic signal control device 2 In-vehicle device (probe information generation device)
3 Roadside sensor 4 Central device (probe information processing device)
5 Probe Vehicle 6 Optical Beacon 8 Information Relay Device (Probe Information Generation Device)
401 Control unit (information processing means, time calculation means)
403 communication unit (acquisition means)
404 Storage unit DB1 Probe database DB2 Roadside database DB3 Map database

Claims (8)

An acquisition means for acquiring probe information in which a single stop event is recorded that includes a stop position of the vehicle, a stop time of the vehicle at the stop position, and a stop time that is a stop time for the stop position;
By adding the stop time to the stop time, a start time that is a time when the vehicle starts from the stop position is obtained, and a start event including the start time and the stop position is generated and added to the probe information Information processing means for
A probe information processing apparatus comprising: Acquisition means for acquiring probe information in which a start event including a stop position of the vehicle, a stop time of the vehicle at the stop position, and a start time that is a start time of the vehicle from the stop position;
By subtracting the stop time from the start time, a stop time that is a time at which the stop position has occurred is obtained, and a single stop event including the stop time and the stop position is generated and added to the probe information Information processing means for
A probe information processing apparatus comprising:   The time calculation means for obtaining the passage time of a link end using the probe information in which both the single stop event and the start event for the same stop position are recorded is provided. Probe information processing device.   The time calculation means uses the start event as the preceding event when determining the passage time of the link end between the two previous events including the position of the vehicle and the time, and the single stop event. The probe information processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein is used as the subsequent event. Information storage means capable of storing a plurality of types of events that occur in the vehicle during traveling by including in the probe information;
A single stop in which the speed of the vehicle stops at a predetermined first threshold from the previous stop of the vehicle and the vehicle stops and a repeated stop that is a stop other than the single stop are determined as separate events. Event determination means;
For the single stop event, the probe information is generated by including the stop position, stop time and stop time in the probe information, and for the repeated stop event, the stop position, stop time and stop time are set to the probe information. An information generating means for generating the probe information without including the probe information, and a probe information generating device,
The probe information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the generated probe information is acquired, and the start event is added to the acquired probe information.
An information processing system comprising: A computer program that causes a computer to execute a process of generating a start event from a single stop event recorded in probe information and adding it to the probe information,
Obtaining the probe information recorded with a single stop event including a stop position of the vehicle, a stop time of the vehicle at the stop position, and a stop time that is a time when the stop with respect to the stop position occurs;
By adding the stop time to the stop time, a start time that is a time when the vehicle starts from the stop position is obtained, and a start event including the start time and the stop position is generated and added to the probe information And steps to
A computer program comprising: A computer program for causing a computer to execute a process of generating a single stop event from a start event recorded in probe information and adding it to the probe information,
Obtaining the probe information in which a start event including a stop position of the vehicle, a stop time of the vehicle at the stop position, and a start time that is a start time of the vehicle from the stop position;
By subtracting the stop time from the start time, a stop time that is a time at which the stop position has occurred is obtained, and a single stop event including the stop time and the stop position is generated and added to the probe information And steps to
A computer program comprising: A link end passage time calculation method for calculating a link end passage time between two preceding events including a vehicle position and its time using the position and time of the event,
About the start event including the stop position of the vehicle and the start time that is the time when the vehicle starts from the stop position, it is used as the previous event,
The link end passage time calculation method, wherein a single stop event including a stop position of the vehicle and a stop time that is a time when a stop at the stop position occurs is used as the subsequent event.

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