JP5225444B2 - Hot water storage hot water supply system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply system, and more particularly to control of heating means.

The hot water storage type hot water supply system is a system that is applied when the heating capability of the heating means is relatively small as compared to an instantaneous hot water supply system or the like, or when the start-up of the capability at the start of the heating means is slow.
Further, in order to prevent hot water from running out due to the occurrence of a hot water supply load, the hot water boiled in advance by the heating means is stored in a hot water storage tank, and hot water is supplied from the hot water storage tank. .

  In the prior art, for example, as a hot water supply device, “... used heat amount calculating means for calculating the amount of heat used within a predetermined period from the amount of hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank within a predetermined period and storing the data, and the accumulated data A boiling target heat amount calculating means for calculating a boiling target heat amount based on the boiling target heat amount calculating means, a boiling target temperature calculating means for calculating a boiling target temperature based on the boiling target heat amount calculated by the boiling target heat amount calculating means; There has been proposed "providing heating means for heating a required amount based on the boiling target temperature calculated by the boiling target temperature calculation means" (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Further, for example, as a hot water storage type hot water supply device, "... hot water prediction means (202) for predicting large hot water by performing learning control from the data stored in the hot water storage means (246), and the hot water prediction means (202). Before the large hot water predicted in step 1 is discharged, the heating means (2) is operated to supply hot water for hot water supply of the required hot water storage amount calculated by the required hot water storage amount calculation means (205) in the hot water storage tank (1). It has been proposed that the apparatus has a first boiling means (233) that performs a boiling operation for storing on the hot water storage side (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2002-168524 A (Claim 1) JP 2007-285607 A (Claim 1)

  The technology described in Patent Document 1 predicts the required amount of heat for the day based on the past hot water supply results, and boiles hot water corresponding to the required amount of heat into a hot water storage tank, for example, at night when electricity charges are inexpensive, use.

  However, when the time from boiling the hot water in the hot water storage tank to using it becomes longer, there is a problem that the heat dissipation loss from the hot water storage tank increases and the efficiency of the system deteriorates.

  Further, in order to store hot water corresponding to the required amount of heat for one day in the hot water storage tank, there is a problem that the size required for the hot water storage tank becomes large.

Further, the technique described in Patent Document 2 is the time of occurrence of hot water (hereinafter also referred to as “large hot water”), which is a continuous hot water supply and the accumulated hot water supply load exceeds a predetermined amount, and the past results of the integrated hot water supply load. Based on the above, the generation time of the hot spring on that day and the required amount of heat are predicted. And the starting time of the heating means for boiling the hot water required for each large hot water, the time required for boiling the amount of heat required for the large hot water from the time when the generation of the large hot water is predicted Determined based on the time of subtracting.
Thereby, the boiling of hot water required for the large hot water is brought close to the generation time of the large hot water, thereby reducing the heat radiation loss from the hot water storage tank and improving the efficiency of the system.

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, the boiling start timing of hot water is determined based on the latest large hot water from the current time, and is a method for preparing for the next large hot water after the hot water is finished. Yes. For this reason, for example, when two large hot springs are generated at close time intervals, there is a problem that even if the first large hot spring has sufficient hot water, a hot water breakage occurs at the next large hot spring.

  Also, generally, for a while after starting the heating means, the boiling temperature by the heating means does not reach the target value, the energy input until it reaches the target value is wasted, or hot water with low temperature has been boiled in the past It is mixed with hot water and wastes energy. For this reason, when starting and stopping the heating means, there is a problem that wasteful energy consumption increases due to this.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. A first object of the present invention is to provide a hot water storage type hot water supply system that can suppress heat loss in the hot water storage tank and suppress heat loss from the hot water storage tank. To get.

  The second object is to obtain a hot water storage type hot water supply system capable of suppressing wasteful energy consumption caused by starting and stopping of the heating means while suppressing hot water shortage in the hot water storage tank.

  The hot water storage type hot water supply system according to the present invention comprises heating means for heating water to make hot water, a hot water storage tank for storing the hot water, a hot water supply pipe for supplying hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to a load side, Control means for controlling the operation of the heating means, wherein the control means is a heat storage amount calculation means for obtaining a heat storage amount in the hot water storage tank, and a record of a hot water supply load that is an amount of heat supplied to the load side per unit time. The hot water supply load calculating means for determining the hot water supply load, the hot water supply load storing means for storing information related to the hot water supply load determined by the hot water supply load calculating means, and the past actual hot water load stored in the hot water supply load storage means. A hot water supply load predicting means for predicting a hot water supply load after the time, and a heating control means for obtaining an activation time of the heating means based on the predicted hot water supply load predicted by the hot water supply load predicting means, For each predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the unit period, the control means is based on an integrated value of the predicted hot water load from the current time to the end of the predicted hot water load. The start time is determined so that the sum of the amount of heat that can be boiled by the heating means from the start time to the end of the predicted hot water supply load and the heat storage amount of the hot water storage tank at the start time is increased, During the operation of the heating means, the operation of the heating means is continued when the time interval between the next start time predicted when the heating means is stopped at the current time and the current time is equal to or less than a predetermined time. It is.

The present invention, from the integrated value of the predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the predicted hot water supply load, the amount of heat that can be heated by the heating means from the start time to the end of the predicted hot water load, The start time is determined so that the sum of the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank at the start time becomes large.
For this reason, the heat loss from the hot water storage tank can be suppressed while suppressing the hot water shortage in the hot water storage tank.

It is a block diagram of the hot water storage type hot water supply system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram showing the flow of the signal which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a time chart showing the flow of detection, analysis, arrangement, and storage of hot water supply load according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic showing the flow which estimates the hot water supply load of the day from the stored past hot water supply result which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a time chart showing the starting method of the heating means 2 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a time chart showing the starting / stopping method of the heating means 2 which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a time chart showing the starting / stopping method of the heating means 2 which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a time chart showing the capability control method of the heating means 2 which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a time chart showing the stop method of the heating means 2 which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hot water storage type hot water supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The hot water storage type hot water supply system in the present embodiment includes a hot water storage tank 1, a heating means 2, a circulation pump 3, a mixing means 4, a heating pipe 301, a water supply pipe 302, a lead-out pipe 303, a mixing pipe 304, and a hot water supply pipe. 305 and control means 100 are provided.

Hot water storage tank 1 stores hot water.
The heating means 2 is connected in the middle of the heating pipe 301. This heating means 2 is comprised, for example using a heat pump cycle.
The circulation pump 3 is connected in the middle of the heating pipe 301.
The mixing means 4 is connected to the outlet pipe 303.
The heating pipe 301 connects the lower part and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1.
The water supply pipe 302 is connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1.
The lead-out pipe 303 is connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1.
The mixing pipe 304 is branched from the water supply pipe 302 and connected to the mixing means 4.
The hot water supply pipe 305 supplies the hot water mixed by the mixing means 4 to the load side to be used.
The control unit 100 controls operations of the heating unit 2, the circulation pump 3, and the mixing unit 4.

  The outlet pipe 303, the mixing pipe 304, the hot water supply pipe 305, and the mixing means 4 correspond to the hot water supply pipe in the present invention.

The hot water storage tank 1 is provided with hot water storage temperature sensors 501a to 501f at intervals in the height direction.
Although the case where the number of hot water storage temperature sensors is six will be described here, the present invention is not limited to this, and a sufficient number of temperature sensors are provided for measuring the temperature distribution inside the hot water storage tank 1. You may do it.

The heating pipe 301 is provided with a boiling temperature sensor 502 for detecting the hot water temperature after heating on the downstream side of the heating means 2.
The feed water pipe 302 is provided with a feed water temperature sensor 504 for detecting the feed water temperature. The feed water temperature sensor 504 may be provided in the mixing pipe 304.
The derivation pipe 303 is provided with a derivation temperature sensor 503 for detecting the hot water temperature derived from the hot water storage tank.
The hot water supply pipe 305 is provided with a hot water supply temperature sensor 505 for detecting the hot water temperature used on the load side.
The hot water supply pipe 305 is provided with a hot water supply flow rate sensor 601 for detecting the amount of hot water used on the load side.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a signal flow according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 100 includes a heat storage amount calculation unit 101, a hot water supply load calculation unit 102, a hot water supply load storage unit 103, a hot water supply load prediction unit 104, and a heating control unit 105.

The control means 100 includes information from a timer, a hot water storage temperature sensor 501a to 501f, a boiling temperature sensor 502, a derived temperature sensor 503, a feed water temperature sensor 504, a hot water temperature sensor 505, and a hot water flow sensor 601. Entered.
The control unit 100 controls the heating unit 2, the circulation pump 3, and the mixing unit 4 based on the input information. Details will be described later.

The heat storage amount calculation means 101 calculates the heat storage amount in the hot water storage tank based on information from the hot water storage temperature sensors 501a to 501f.
It should be noted that the heat storage amount available for hot water supply in the hot water storage tank 1 may be calculated based on the hot water supply temperature specified by the hot water supply temperature specifying means (not shown).

The hot water supply load calculating means 102 detects the presence or absence of hot water discharged to the load side based on outputs from the timer, the hot water supply temperature sensor 505, and the hot water supply flow rate sensor 601.
Further, the hot water supply load calculating means 102 has a record of the amount of heat (hot water supply load) supplied to the load per unit time (for example, 1 second), an integrated hot water supply load during continuous hot water supply, and a unit period (for example, one day). The integrated hot water supply load is calculated.

  The hot water supply load storage means 103 analyzes, organizes and selects the calculation result of the hot water supply load calculation means 102 and stores information.

  The hot water supply load predicting means 104 predicts the hot water supply load after the current time based on the past results of the hot water supply load stored in the hot water supply load storage means 103.

  The heating control unit 105 obtains the activation time of the heating unit 2 based on the hot water supply load predicted by the hot water supply load prediction unit 104 (hereinafter referred to as “predicted hot water supply load”).

The configuration of the hot water storage hot water supply system in the present embodiment has been described above.
Next, the operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply system in the present embodiment will be described.

  In the following description, the operation will be described with specific numerical values, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[Basic operation]
First, the basic operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply system in the present embodiment will be described.
Low temperature water flows into the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 through the water supply pipe 302 and is stored.
The low-temperature water collected from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 1 is drawn into the heating pipe 301 by the circulation pump 3 and guided to the heating means 2.
The heating means 2 heats the led low-temperature water to boil it to high-temperature hot water.
The boiled hot water flows from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 through the heating pipe 301 and is stored.

The hot water stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 1 flows out from the outlet pipe 303 and is guided to the mixing means 4 according to the demand on the load side where the hot water is used.
The mixing means 4 guides water through the mixing pipe 304 branched from the water supply pipe 302, mixes it with the hot water introduced from the hot water storage tank 1, and supplies it to the load side through the hot water supply pipe 305.

  Thereby, low-temperature water is boiled by the heating means 2 and hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 1, and the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 can be sent to the load side to be used.

[Prediction of hot water supply load]
Next, an operation for predicting the hot water supply load after the current time based on the past results of the hot water supply load will be described.

  First, the operation | movement which acquires the track record of the past hot water supply load is demonstrated using FIG.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the flow of detection, analysis, arrangement, and storage of hot water supply load according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the following description, the hot water supply load indicates a value converted into the amount of hot water at an average hot water supply temperature (for example, 42 ° C.).
In FIG. 3, the hot water supply load is expressed in units of [L / min], and the integrated hot water supply load is expressed in units of [L]. As an example of the time zone, 18:00 to 24:00 is shown.

FIG. 3A shows the actual benefit load calculated by the hot water supply load calculating means 102.
The hot water supply load calculating means 102 monitors the output of the hot water supply flow rate sensor 601 and the output of the hot water supply temperature sensor 505 constantly or periodically.
The hot water supply load calculating means 102 calculates the hot water supply load supplied to the load side per unit time (for example, 1 second) based on the output of the hot water supply temperature sensor 505 and the output of the hot water supply flow rate sensor 601.

FIG. 3B shows the integrated hot water supply load during continuous hot water calculated by the hot water supply load calculating means 102.
The hot water supply load calculating means 102 calculates “integrated hot water supply load during continuous hot water supply”, which is an integrated value of the hot water supply load in a single hot water supply (hereinafter also referred to as “continuous hot water supply”).
Hot water supply load calculating means 102 sequentially calculates “integrated hot water supply load during continuous hot water supply” and updates “integrated hot water supply load during continuous hot water supply” including hot water supply at the current time.

FIG. 3C shows an integrated hot water supply load for a unit period (for example, one day) calculated by the hot water supply load calculating means 102.
The hot water supply load calculation means 102 calculates “integrated hot water supply load for a unit period” as an integrated hot water supply load result that is an actual value of an integrated value of the hot water supply load for a unit period (for example, one day).
The hot water supply load calculating means 102 sequentially calculates the “integrated hot water supply load for the unit period” and updates the “integrated hot water supply load for the unit period” including the hot water supply at the current time.
FIG. 3 shows a case where the unit period is one day.
The unit period is not limited to one day, and can be an arbitrary period. For example, it may be half a day or two days.

FIG. 3C shows information stored in the hot water supply load storage means 103.
The hot water supply load storage means 103 stores information of “integrated hot water supply load for a unit period”.
In the example of FIG. 3, 600L is stored as the accumulated hot water supply load [L] for one day.

Further, the hot water supply load storage means 103 includes a start time and an end time of the hot water (hereinafter referred to as “large hot water”) in which the integrated value of the hot water supply load is a predetermined value or more, in one hot water in which the hot water supply load continues. And the information of the integrated hot water supply load of the large hot water is stored.
In the example of FIG. 3, the hot water having an accumulated hot water supply load of 30 L or more as the large hot water is used as the large hot water, and for each large hot water, the information of the integrated hot water load of one continuous hot water, the start time and the end time of the continuous hot water, Remember.

The hot water supply load storage means 103 stores the plurality of hot water loads when the time interval between the end time of the hot water and the start time of the next hot water is equal to or less than a predetermined time among the hot waters with continuous hot water supply loads. May be regarded as a single hot spring.
For example, when the time interval between the end time of the hot water and the next hot water start time is a short time such as within 5 minutes, the hot water supply load storage means 103 regards these hot water as one continuous hot water and stores them. Also good.
Thereby, for example, an intermittent but large integrated hot water supply load such as a shower per person can be grasped as one hot water supply.

If the hot water supply load storage means 103 is information necessary to specify the accumulated hot water supply load of the large hot water, the hot water start time, and the hot water end time for each large hot water, another amount is stored. You may remember.
For example, instead of the hot water end time, a continuous hot water time or an average value of the hot water supply load per unit time may be stored.

  Next, the operation | movement which estimates the hot water supply load after the present time is demonstrated using FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a flow of predicting the hot water supply load on the current day from the stored past hot water supply results according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Hot water supply load predicting means 104 predicts an integrated hot water supply load in a unit period including the current time, based on past integrated hot water supply load results stored in hot water supply load storage means 103.
The hot water supply load predicting means 104 predicts the accumulated hot water supply load, the hot water start time, and the hot water end time for the large hot water after the current time based on the information in the hot water load storage means 103.

The hot water supply load prediction unit 104 predicts the hot water supply load during the unit period, for example, at the start of the unit period or at an arbitrary time.
The period for predicting the hot water supply load is not limited to this, and the hot water supply load in an arbitrary period may be predicted. For example, the hot water supply load for half a day or two days may be predicted.

In the example of FIG. 4, with one day as a unit period, the accumulated hot water supply load for the day on the day including the current time, the accumulated hot water supply load for large hot springs, and the start time and end time of each large hot water for the past one week. 1 shows an example of a prediction method based on stored information.
As the start time of each large hot spring, the earliest start time among the past large hot springs is adopted as the predicted value.
As the integrated hot water supply load for each large hot water, the largest value among the past integrated hot water supply loads is adopted as the predicted value.
As the end time of each large hot water, the one having the longest time interval of continuous hot water (the time interval obtained by subtracting the start time from the end time) is adopted, and the time obtained by adding the time of continuous hot water to the predicted start time is used. Estimated value.
In addition, as the integrated hot water supply load for one day, the integrated hot water supply load for one day among the past results is adopted as the predicted value.

In addition, about the prediction of the end time of hot water supply load, the method which is not based on the past performance may be used.
For example, there are a method for assuming a tapping amount as a general value (for example, 8 to 15 L / min) and a method for assuming that tapping is completed immediately (that is, tapping amount is infinite) at the start time.
In this case, the hot water supply load storage means 103 does not have to store information necessary for specifying the hot water end time. Thereby, simplification of control can be achieved.

[Calculation of startup time]
Next, an operation for calculating the activation time of the heating means 2 based on the predicted hot water supply load (hereinafter also referred to as “predicted hot water supply load”) will be described.

FIG. 5 is a time chart showing the starting method of the heating means 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5A shows the hot water supply load (large hot water) predicted by the hot water supply load predicting means 104.
FIG.5 (b) has shown the heat storage amount of the hot water storage tank 1 at the time of starting the heating means 2 based on the prior art with respect to the estimated hot water supply load.
FIG. 5C shows the integrated hot water supply load when the heating unit 2 is activated by the operation in the first embodiment, and the added value of the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 and the amount of boiling heat by the heating unit 2. .

First, the operation in the prior art (for example, Patent Document 2) will be described.
In general, the time interval between the hot water filling of the bath, which is the largest hot spring in a day, and the first shower after the hot water filling is often short.
However, in the prior art (for example, Patent Document 2), the prediction of the next large hot water is performed after finishing the correspondence to the most predicted large hot water (see, for example, paragraph [0141] of Patent Document 2).
For this reason, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the time interval between the large hot springs is short, even if no hot water break occurs in the latest large hot water, a hot water break occurs between the next large hot springs. there is a possibility.
The start time calculation operation in the first embodiment for preventing such hot water shortage will be described.

In the first embodiment, the activation time of the heating means 2 is calculated so that hot water does not run out for any predicted hot water supply load.
That is, for each predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the unit period, the heating control means 105 also integrates the predicted hot water load from the current time to the end of the predicted hot water load. Thus, the start time is determined so that the sum of the amount of heat that can be raised by the heating means 2 from the start time to the end of the predicted hot water supply load and the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 at the start time is increased. And the control means 100 starts the heating means 2 at the calculated | required starting time.
The activation time calculation operation may be performed at the start of the unit period, at an arbitrary time, or sequentially.

A specific example will be described with reference to FIG. 5C, taking the predicted hot water supply load of FIG. 5A as an example.
FIG. 5C shows a case where the heating capacity of the heating means 2 (the amount of heat that can be boiled per unit time) is 2 [L / min].

For example, let us consider a case in which an activation time calculation operation is performed at 16:00.
First, the heating control unit 105 obtains an integrated value of the predicted hot water supply load until the end time of the large hot water 1 (19:05). Here, it is 200L.
The heating control means 105 obtains a start time at which hot water does not run out of the large hot water 1. Here, 150 L obtained by subtracting 50 L, which is the amount of heat of the hot water storage tank 1, from 200 L is the amount of heat that the heating means 2 boils up to the large hot water 1.
Therefore, in this case, 75 minutes, which is a value obtained by dividing 150 [L] by 2 [L / min], is the time required to boil the large hot water 1.
Therefore, the time when hot water does not run out for the Oide hot water 1 is the time before 17:50, which is 75 minutes subtracted from the end time (19:05) of the Oide hot water 1.

Next, the heating control means 105 obtains an integrated value of the predicted hot water supply load until the end time of the large hot water 2 (19:32:30). Here, it is 325L.
The heating control means 105 obtains a start time at which no hot water runs out for all the large hot water before the large hot water 2, that is, the large hot water 1 and the large hot water 2. Here, 275 L obtained by subtracting 50 L, which is the amount of heat of the hot water storage tank 1, from 325 L is the amount of heat that the heating means 2 boils up to the end time of the large hot water 2.
Therefore, in this case, 162 minutes and 30 seconds, which is a value obtained by dividing 325 [L] by 2 [L / min], is the time required for boiling the large hot water 1 and the large hot water 2.
Therefore, the time when hot water does not run out is the time before 17:50, which is obtained by subtracting 162 minutes 30 seconds from the end time (19:32:30) of Oide hot water 2.

Similarly, the time when hot water does not run out for the large hot spring 3 is the time before 17:12:30.
Similarly, the time when hot water does not run out of the large hot spring 4 is the time before 18:00.

  As described above, in the example of FIG. 5, it is found that the time when hot water does not run out is the time before 17:12:30 for all predicted hot water supply loads of the large hot water 1 to 4.

Next, the heating control means 105 determines the starting time with reference to the time when hot water runs out for each large hot water.
In the example of FIG. 5, for example, a time obtained by subtracting a predetermined time in consideration of energy loss at the time of starting the heating unit 2 is set as the start time. Here, 17: 5 is set as the activation time.
In addition, not only this but the time when the hot water runout with respect to each large hot water does not generate | occur | produce is good also as starting time.

As described above, in the present embodiment, for each predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the unit period, the predicted hot water supply load from the current time until the predicted hot water supply load ends. The start time is such that the sum of the amount of heat that can be boiled by the heating means 2 from the start time to the end of the predicted hot water supply load and the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 at the start time is larger than the integrated value of Ask for.
According to the present embodiment, the start time of the heating means 2 is determined in consideration of not only the most predicted large hot water but also all large hot water predicted after the current time during the unit period (for example, one day). Can be determined.
For this reason, even when a plurality of large hot springs with short time intervals are predicted, the possibility of running out of hot water can be reduced.
In addition, the heat storage loss in the hot water storage tank 1 can be minimized and the heat radiation loss can be minimized.
Thereby, the hot water storage type hot-water supply system with high energy saving property is realizable.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In this Embodiment 2, the operation | movement which reduces the energy loss by the starting / stopping of the heating means 2 is demonstrated.
In addition, the structure of the hot water storage type hot-water supply system in this Embodiment 2 is the same as that of the said Embodiment 1, and attaches | subjects the same code | symbol to the same part.

[Minimization of heat dissipation loss]
First, the operation of starting and stopping the heating means 2 that minimizes the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 and reduces the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 will be described.

FIG. 6 is a time chart showing a method for starting and stopping the heating means 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6A shows the hot water supply load (large hot water) predicted by the hot water supply load predicting means 104. Here, the predicted hot water supply load similar to that of the first embodiment is adopted.
FIG. 6B shows the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 (upper stage) and the heating capacity of the heating means 2 (lower stage). Note that zero heating capacity indicates that the heating means 2 is stopped.

  First, the heating control means 105 of the control means 100 starts the heating means 2 at a time when hot water does not run out for each predicted hot water supply load after the current time by the same operation as in the first embodiment. To do.

  The heating control means 105 is predicted after the current time during the unit period (for example, 1 day) even if the heating means 2 is temporarily stopped and restarted at the current time while the heating means 2 is in operation. When the hot water does not run out with respect to the large hot water, the operation of the heating means 2 is temporarily stopped.

A specific example of the predicted hot water supply load in FIG. 6A will be described with reference to FIG.
For example, let us consider a case where the end time (20:32:30) of Oide hot water 3 is the current time.
As described above, the heating means 2 is activated at 17:05.
Here, from the start of the heating means 2 (17:05) to the current time (20:32:30), the amount of heat raised by the heating means 2 is 2 [L / min] at 207 minutes 30 seconds. It is 414.5 [L] which is the value which multiplied.
And the added value of this calorie | heat amount and the heat storage amount 50L of the hot water storage tank 1 before starting is 464.5 [L].
On the other hand, the accumulated hot water supply load until the end of the large hot water 3 is 450L.
That is, the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 at the end of the large hot water 3 is 4.5L.

  Here, when the operation of the heating means 2 is temporarily stopped at the end time of the hot spring 3 (20:32:30) which is the current time, the heat storage amount of the hot water storage tank 1 is used to Find the time when hot water does not run out.

The heating control means 105 obtains an integrated value of the predicted hot water supply load from the end of the large hot water 3 to the end time of the large hot water 4 (22:10). Here, it is 100L.
The heating control means 105 obtains a starting time at which hot water does not run out for the large hot water 4. Here, 95.5 L obtained by subtracting 4.5 L, which is the amount of heat of the hot water storage tank 1 from 100 L, is the amount of heat that the heating means 2 boils up to the large hot water 4.
Therefore, in this case, 47 minutes and 45 seconds, which is a value obtained by dividing 95.5 [L] by 2 [L / min], is the time required to boil the large hot water 4.
Therefore, the time when hot water does not run out for the large hot spring 4 is 21:22:15, which is 47 minutes 45 seconds subtracted from the end time of the large hot spring 4 (22:10).

Even if the heating control means 105 stops and restarts the operation of the heating means 2 at the end time of the large hot water 3 (20:32:30), the heating control means 105 becomes the predicted large hot water 4 after the current time. On the other hand, since the hot water does not run out, the operation of the heating means 2 is temporarily stopped.
And the heating control means 105 determines the time when the heating means 2 is started again on the basis of 21:22:15. Here, 21:20 is set as the activation time.

  Thus, even when the heating means 2 is in operation, even if the operation of the heating means 2 is temporarily stopped and restarted at the current time, the large hot water predicted after the current time during the unit period (for example, one day) On the other hand, when the hot water does not run out, the heat storage amount of the hot water storage tank 1 is minimized by temporarily stopping the operation of the heating means 2, and the heat radiation energy loss from the hot water storage tank 1 can be reduced.

On the other hand, when the heating means 2 is started and stopped as described above, energy loss due to this is generated.
In other words, for some time after the heating means 2 is started, the boiling temperature by the heating means 2 does not reach the target value, and the energy input before reaching the target value may be wasted.
Also, hot water having a low temperature may be mixed with hot water previously boiled to waste energy.

  In the present embodiment, the heat radiating energy loss from the hot water storage tank 1 is compared with the energy loss caused by the start / stop of the heating means 2, and the heating means 2 is operated so that the energy loss becomes smaller.

Here, the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 increases in proportion to the time during which hot water is stored.
That is, when the time until the operation of the heating unit 2 is temporarily stopped and restarted exceeds a certain time, the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 is caused by the energy loss caused by the activation / stop of the heating unit 2. Becomes larger.
For this reason, it is possible to determine whether to stop the operation of the heating unit 2 or to continue the operation according to the time interval until the restart is assumed when the operation of the heating unit 2 is temporarily stopped.
Details of such an operation will be described with reference to FIG.

[Minimization of the number of starts and stops of the heating means 2]
FIG. 7 is a time chart showing a method for starting and stopping the heating means 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7A shows the hot water supply load (large hot water) predicted by the hot water supply load predicting means 104. Here, the predicted hot water supply load similar to that of the first embodiment is adopted.
FIG. 7B shows the heat storage amount (upper stage) of the hot water storage tank 1 and the heating capacity (lower stage) of the heating means 2. Note that zero heating capacity indicates that the heating means 2 is stopped.

As described above, the heating control unit 105 obtains the next activation time predicted when the heating unit 2 is stopped at the current time while the heating unit 2 is in operation.
In the example of FIG. 7, if the current time is the end time of Oide hot water 3 (20:32:30), the start time of Oide hot water 4 which is the next start time is 21:20 as described above.

Next, the heating control unit 105 obtains a time interval between the next activation time predicted when the heating unit 2 is stopped at the current time and the current time.
And when the said time interval is below predetermined time, the operation | movement of the heating means 2 is continued.
On the other hand, when the time interval is equal to or longer than the predetermined time, the operation of the heating unit 2 is stopped as described above.

This predetermined time is the time when the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 becomes larger than the energy loss caused by the start / stop of the heating means 2 according to the amount of heat per unit time radiated from the hot water storage tank 1, for example. Is set in advance.
In the example of FIG. 7, the start time of the large hot spring 4 assumed as the next start time is 21:20, and the time interval between the current time (20:32:30) is 47 minutes 30 seconds.
Then, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 7B, when the time interval (47 minutes 30 seconds) is equal to or shorter than a predetermined time (for example, 60 minutes), the operation of the heating unit 2 is continued.

Next, even if the heating control unit 105 stops the operation of the heating unit 2 at the current time while the heating unit 2 is in operation, the heating control unit 105 generates a large hot water predicted after the current time during the unit period (for example, one day). On the other hand, when the hot water does not run out, the operation of the heating means 2 is stopped.
In the example of FIG. 7, the heating means 2 is stopped when the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 is boiled with respect to the large hot water 4 predicted after the present time.

In the above description, the heating means 2 is determined to be stopped or continued according to the time interval between the next start time and the current time. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the energy loss is calculated. Also good.
For example, the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 can be obtained by multiplying the amount of heat per unit time radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 stored in advance by the time interval.
Then, the calculated heat dissipation energy loss from the hot water storage tank 1 is compared with the energy loss due to the start / stop of the heating means 2, and the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 is used to start / stop the heating means 2. When the resulting energy loss is small, the operation of the heating means 2 is stopped. On the other hand, when the energy loss due to the start / stop of the heating means 2 is larger than the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1, the operation of the heating means 2 is continued.
Note that the energy loss due to the start / stop of the heating unit 2 may be stored in advance, or may be calculated according to the heating capacity of the heating unit 2 or the feed water temperature.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the heat dissipation energy loss from the hot water storage tank 1 is compared with the energy loss due to the start / stop of the heating means 2, and the heating means 2 is reduced so that the energy loss becomes smaller. To work.
For this reason, useless energy consumption resulting from activation / stop of the heating means can be suppressed while suppressing hot water shortage in the hot water storage tank.

Moreover, the heating means 2 is stopped or continued according to the time interval between the next activation time and the current time.
For this reason, it is possible to select the energy loss that is lower than the energy loss due to the heat boiling away from the hot water storage tank 1 to the outside, or the energy loss due to the start / stop of the heating means 2, An energy-saving hot water storage hot water supply system can be realized.

In addition, the energy loss by the starting / stopping of the heating unit 2 is particularly large when the heating unit 2 is configured by a heat pump cycle.
Therefore, the effect in the present embodiment is particularly remarkable when the heating means 2 is a heat pump cycle.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the second embodiment, the heat dissipation means loss from the hot water storage tank 1 is compared with the energy loss caused by the start / stop of the heating means 2, and the heating means 2 is operated so that the energy loss becomes smaller. It was.
In this Embodiment 3, the operation | movement which suppresses the energy loss resulting from starting and a stop of the heating means 2 and suppresses the thermal radiation energy loss from the hot water storage tank 1 is demonstrated.
In addition, the structure of the hot water storage type hot-water supply system in the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same portions.

FIG. 8 is a time chart showing the capacity control method of the heating means 2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8A shows the hot water supply load (large hot water) predicted by the hot water supply load predicting means 104. Here, the predicted hot water supply load similar to that of the first embodiment is adopted.
FIG. 8B shows the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 (upper stage) and the heating capacity of the heating means 2 (lower stage). Note that zero heating capacity indicates that the heating means 2 is stopped.
The heating capacity QL indicates the heating capacity of the heating means 2 when the capacity is reduced.
For example, the heating capacity QL indicates a case where the amount of heat that can be boiled per unit time is 0.5 [L / min].
The heating capacity QH indicates the heating capacity of the heating means 2 when the capacity is increased.
For example, the heating capacity QH indicates a case where the amount of heat that can be boiled per unit time is 2 [L / min].

As in the second embodiment, the heating control unit 105 obtains the next start time predicted when the heating unit 2 is stopped at the current time while the heating unit 2 is in operation, and the heating unit 2 at the current time. The time interval between the next start time predicted when the operation is stopped and the current time is obtained.
And when the said time interval is more than predetermined time, the heating capability of the heating means 2 is decreased.
In the example of FIG. 8, as in the second embodiment, if the current time is the end time of Oide hot water 3 (20:32:30), the start time of Oide hot water 4 assumed to be the next start time When the time interval (47 minutes 30 seconds) from the current time is equal to or longer than the predetermined time, the heating capability of the heating means 2 is reduced to QL.

Next, the heating control means 105 determines whether or not a hot water shortage occurs for any predicted hot water supply load after the current time, based on the reduced heating capacity of the heating means 2.
That is, for any predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the unit period, from the integrated value of the predicted hot water load from the current time to the end of the predicted hot water load, If the sum of the amount of heat that can be raised by the heating capacity at the current time of the heating means 2 and the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 at the current time is small before the predicted hot water supply load ends, it is determined that hot water runs out. To do.

In the example of FIG. 8, the current time is the heating capacity QL at the time interval (97 minutes and 30 seconds) between the end time of Oide hot water 3 (20:32:30) and the end time of Oide hot water 4 (22:10). The amount of heat that can be boiled is 48.75 [L], which is a value obtained by multiplying 97 minutes and 30 seconds by 0.5 [L / min].
And the sum with the heat storage amount (4.5L) of the hot water storage tank 1 at the time of the end of the large hot water 3 is 53.25L.
On the other hand, the integrated value of the predicted hot water supply load from the end time of the large hot water 3 to the end time of the large hot water 4 (22:10) is 100L.
Therefore, the heating control means 105 determines that hot water runs out with respect to the large hot water 4 after the current time due to the reduced heating capacity QL.

  When it is determined that hot water runs out, the heating control means 105 also applies to each predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the unit period until the predicted hot water supply load ends. From the integrated value of the predicted hot water supply load, the amount of heat that can be raised by the heating means 2 with increased capacity from the time when the predicted hot water supply load ends, and the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 at the capacity increase time The time to increase the ability is calculated so that the sum of and increases.

In the example of FIG. 8, the capacity of the heating means 2 is increased to the heating capacity QH at 21:35, which is the timing at which the hot spring 4 does not run out.
This makes it possible to suppress the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 while avoiding temporary stop / restart of the heating means 2.

In the above description, the capability of the heating means 2 is reduced according to the time interval between the next activation time and the current time. The present invention is not limited to this, and energy loss may be calculated.
For example, the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 can be obtained by multiplying the amount of heat per unit time radiated from the hot water storage tank 1 stored in advance by the time interval.
And when the energy loss which arises when the heating means 2 is stopped and restarted is larger than the energy loss radiated from the calculated hot water storage tank 1, the heating capability of the heating means 2 may be decreased.
Note that the energy loss due to the start / stop of the heating unit 2 may be stored in advance, or may be calculated according to the heating capacity of the heating unit 2 or the feed water temperature.

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the heating unit 2 is in operation, when the energy loss generated when the heating unit 2 is stopped and restarted is larger than the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank 1, the heating unit Reduce the heating capacity of 2 and continue operation.
Further, when hot water shortage occurs for any predicted hot water supply load after the current time due to the reduced heating capacity of the heating means 2, each prediction from the current time to the end of the unit period is performed. Also for the hot water supply load, the capacity increased from the integrated value of the predicted hot water load from the current time to the end of the predicted hot water load until the predicted hot water load ends. The capacity increase time is determined so that the sum of the amount of heat that can be boiled by the means 2 and the heat storage amount of the hot water storage tank 1 at the capacity increase time becomes large.
For this reason, useless energy consumption resulting from activation / stop of the heating means can be suppressed while suppressing hot water shortage in the hot water storage tank.
Further, energy loss due to activation / stop of the heating unit 2 can be avoided, and energy loss due to heat radiation from the hot water storage tank 1 to the outside can be reduced as compared with the case where the heating capability of the heating unit 2 is constant.
Therefore, it is possible to realize a hot water storage hot water supply system with high energy saving performance.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the capacity of the heating means 2 in consideration of not only the most predicted large hot water but also all large hot water predicted after the current time during the unit period (for example, one day). In order to determine the increase time, the possibility of running out of hot water can be reduced even when a plurality of hot springs with short time intervals are predicted, and the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 can be minimized to reduce the heat radiation energy loss. Therefore, it is possible to realize a hot water storage type hot water supply system with high energy saving.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
In this Embodiment 4, the operation | movement which stops operation | movement of the heating means 2 at the time when the boiling by the heating means 2 becomes unnecessary based on the estimated value of the integrated hot water supply load in a unit period is demonstrated.
In addition, the structure of the hot water storage type hot-water supply system in this Embodiment 4 is the same as that of the said Embodiment 1, and attaches | subjects the same code | symbol to the same part.

FIG. 9 is a time chart showing a stopping method of the heating means 2 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9A shows the actual results of the hot water supply load (large hot water) calculated by the hot water supply load calculating means 102.
FIG. 9B shows a value obtained by subtracting the actual accumulated value of the hot water supply load up to the current time from the accumulated amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 1 (solid line) and the accumulated hot water supply load predicted by the hot water supply load predicting means 104 (dashed line). It shows.
FIG. 9C shows the heating capability of the heating means 2. Note that zero heating capacity indicates that the heating means 2 is stopped.

As described in the first embodiment, the hot water supply load storage unit 103 stores an accumulated hot water supply load result that is an actual result of an integrated value of the hot water load in a unit period (one day).
Hot water supply load predicting means 104 predicts an integrated hot water supply load in a unit period including the current time, based on past integrated hot water supply load results stored in hot water supply load storage means 103.

  Further, as described in the first embodiment, the hot water supply load calculating means 102 sequentially calculates the “integrated hot water supply load during continuous hot water supply” on that day.

The heating control unit 105 subtracts the actual value of the integrated hot water supply load from the start of the unit period to the current time from the integrated hot water supply load predicted by the hot water supply load predicting unit 104.
The heating control means 105 stops the operation of the heating means 2 when the subtracted value is equal to or less than the heat storage amount in the hot water storage tank 1 at the current time.

In the example of FIG. 9, the integrated hot water supply load (daily integrated hot water load) predicted after 16:00 is 600L.
And the actual value of the integrated hot water supply load until the end of the large hot water 3 from this 600L is a value obtained by subtracting 450L to 150L.
The heating control means 105 successively monitors the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 1 at the current time, and stops the operation of the heating means 2 based on the time when the amount of stored heat exceeds 150L.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the value obtained by subtracting the actual value of the integrated hot water supply load from the start of the unit period (for example, one day) to the current time from the predicted integrated hot water supply load is the hot water storage tank 1 at the current time. When it becomes less than the amount of stored heat, the operation of the heating means 2 is stopped.

According to the present embodiment, boiling of hot water that is not used during the unit period can be minimized, and energy loss due to heat radiation from the hot water storage tank 1 to the outside can be minimized.
Therefore, it is possible to realize a hot water storage hot water supply system with high energy saving performance.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot water storage tank, 2 Heating means, 3 Circulation pump, 4 Mixing means, 100 Control means, 101 Heat storage amount calculation means, 102 Hot water supply load calculation means, 103 Hot water supply load memory | storage means, 104 Hot water supply load prediction means, 105 Heating control means, 301 Piping for heating, 302 Piping for water supply, 303 Piping for piping, 304 Piping for mixing, 305 Piping for hot water supply, 501a to 501f Hot water storage temperature sensor, 502 Boiling temperature sensor, 503 Derived temperature sensor, 504 Hot water temperature sensor, 505 Hot water temperature Sensor, 601 Hot water flow rate sensor.

Claims (2)

Heating means for heating the water to hot water;
A hot water storage tank for storing the hot water;
A hot water supply pipe for supplying hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to the load side;
Control means for controlling the operation of the heating means,
The control means includes
A heat storage amount calculating means for obtaining a heat storage amount in the hot water storage tank;
A hot water supply load calculating means for obtaining a record of a hot water supply load which is an amount of heat supplied to the load side per unit time;
Hot water supply load storage means for storing information related to the hot water supply load obtained by the hot water supply load calculation means;
Hot water supply load prediction means for predicting a hot water supply load after the current time based on the past results of the hot water supply load stored in the hot water supply load storage means;
Based on the predicted hot water supply load predicted by the hot water supply load predicting means, and a heating control means for determining the starting time of the heating means,
The heating control means includes
For each predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the unit period,
From the integrated value of the predicted hot water supply load from the current time to the end of the predicted hot water supply load,
Obtaining the start time so that the sum of the amount of heat that can be boiled by the heating means from the start time to the end of the predicted hot water supply load and the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank at the start time increases,
During operation of the heating means,
The hot water storage type hot water supply, wherein the operation of the heating means is continued when the time interval between the next start time predicted when the heating means is stopped at the current time and the current time is equal to or shorter than a predetermined time. system. The heating control means includes
During operation of the heating means,
Energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank in the time interval between the next start time and the current time predicted when the heating unit is stopped at the current time, and energy generated when the heating unit is stopped and restarted Compare with Ross,
The operation is continued by reducing the heating capacity of the heating unit when the energy loss generated when the heating unit is stopped and restarted is larger than the energy loss radiated from the hot water storage tank. The hot water storage hot water supply system according to 1.

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