JP5224547B2 - 構造物の損傷の診断方法および装置 - Google Patents
構造物の損傷の診断方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0033—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0066—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by exciting or detecting vibration or acceleration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/09—Analysing solids by measuring mechanical or acoustic impedance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/36—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/42—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by frequency filtering or by tuning to resonant frequency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
- G01N29/4427—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with stored values, e.g. threshold values
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4445—Classification of defects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4454—Signal recognition, e.g. specific values or portions, signal events, signatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/025—Change of phase or condition
- G01N2291/0258—Structural degradation, e.g. fatigue of composites, ageing of oils
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Description
構造物表面に圧電素子を貼付したとき、圧電素子の変形速度V、圧電素子が構造物から受ける力F、圧電素子端子間の電圧E、圧電素子に流れる電流Iとの間には次の関係式(1)が成立する。
ここでZpは圧電素子の端子間を短絡した場合の機械インピーダンス、Ypは圧電素子の変形を拘束した場合のアドミタンス、Aは力係数であり、ωは周波数である。いっぽう、圧電素子から見た構造物の機械インピーダンスをZmとすると、次式(2)が成立する。
式(1)と式(2)より、圧電素子端子間のアドミタンスは次式(3)のようになる。
いま、構造物に外部負荷Wが作用する時、圧電素子に流れる電流Iは次式(4)のようになる。
ここでGは外部負荷から電流への伝達関数である。圧電素子を高周波数ωpの一定振幅Eの正弦波電圧e(t)(tは時間を表す)
で駆動し、外部負荷Wの振動数はωpより十分低いと仮定すると、時間領域における式(4)は次のようになる。
ここで、wg(t)はG(ω)W(ω)の時間領域での波形である。
よって、このとき電流i(t)は、次式(8)で表される。
ここでaHF(t)は次式(10)で計算される瞬時振幅比である。
ここでiHF(t)は式(8)の第1項すなわち電流の高周波成分であり、絶対値記号は振幅包絡線を表す。実際の装置を診断する場合は、たとえば、振幅変調度AMIをしきい値と比較して、しきい値を越えた場合に構造物の損傷が生じたと診断する。
ここでθHF(t)は次式(12)で計算される瞬時位相差である。
ここでiHF(t)は式(8)の第1項すなわち電流の高周波成分であり、角度記号は瞬時位相角を表す。実際の装置を診断する場合は、たとえば、位相変調度PMIをしきい値と比較して、しきい値を越えた場合に構造物の損傷が生じたと診断する。
複素数zHF(t)は圧電素子の瞬時アドミタンスを表しており、この平均値からの変動の大きさを次式(14)のアドミタンス変調度YMIで評価して損傷指標とすることができる。
ここで、上付きバーは時間平均値を表す.
や、さらにこれを瞬時動剛性の変動の大きさに換算した次式(16)による動剛性変調度KMI
など、さまざまな指標を構成することが可能である。
Claims (8)
- 診断対象の構造物に取り付けられた1つ以上の電気機械変換素子を一定振幅の交流電圧で駆動して、その電気機械変換素子を流れる電流を計測し、
この電流信号から上記電気機械変換素子の駆動周波数を中心とする高周波領域における高周波成分を分離し、
上記高周波成分の振幅復調により損傷による変調情報を抽出し、
上記変調情報を基に損傷の指標を評価する
構造物の診断方法。 - 上記の指標は、復調後の電流波形の振幅と復調後の電流波形の平均値の比であり、この比をしきい値と比較して損傷の発生を診断することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載された診断方法。
- 試験対象の構造物に取り付けられた1つ以上の電気機械変換素子を交流電圧で駆動したときに電気機械変換素子で計測された電流信号から、電気機械変換素子の駆動周波数を中心とする高周波領域における高周波成分を検出する分離手段と、
上記高周波成分の振幅復調により損傷による変調情報を抽出する抽出手段と、
上記変調情報を基に損傷の指標を評価する指標評価手段と
からなる診断装置。 - 診断対象の構造物に取り付けられた1つ以上の電気機械変換素子を一定振幅の交流電圧で駆動して、その電気機械変換素子を流れる電流を計測し、
この電流信号から上記電気機械変換素子の駆動周波数を中心とする高周波領域における高周波成分を分離し、
上記高周波成分の位相復調により損傷による変調情報を抽出し、
上記変調情報を基に損傷の指標を評価する
構造物の診断方法。 - 上記の指標は、復調後の電流波形の振幅と復調後の電流波形の平均値の比であり、この比をしきい値と比較して損傷の発生を診断することを特徴とする、請求項4に記載された診断方法。
- さらに、上記高周波成分の振幅復調により損傷による変調情報を抽出し、
位相復調後の上記変調情報と、振幅復調後の上記変調情報とから損傷の指標を評価する、請求項4に記載された診断方法。 - 試験対象の構造物に取り付けられた1つ以上の電気機械変換素子を交流電圧で駆動したときに電気機械変換素子で計測された電流信号から、電気機械変換素子の駆動周波数を中心とする高周波領域における高周波成分を検出する分離手段と、
上記高周波成分の位相復調により損傷による変調情報を抽出する抽出手段と、
上記変調情報を基に損傷の指標を評価する指標評価手段と
からなる診断装置。 - 上記抽出手段は、さらに、上記高周波成分の振幅復調により損傷による変調情報を抽出し、上記指標評価手段は、位相復調後の上記変調情報と、振幅復調後の上記変調情報とから損傷の指標を評価する、請求項7に記載された診断装置。
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JP2009553442A JP5224547B2 (ja) | 2008-02-13 | 2009-02-12 | 構造物の損傷の診断方法および装置 |
PCT/JP2009/052311 WO2009101978A1 (ja) | 2008-02-13 | 2009-02-12 | 構造物の損傷の診断方法および装置 |
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US (1) | US8371170B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2246695A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5224547B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102066920B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009101978A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (15)
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US8229680B2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2012-07-24 | Acellent Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for loosening of fasteners on structures |
US8244486B2 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2012-08-14 | Acellent Technologies, Inc. | Structural health monitoring system having memory on structure |
KR101414520B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-30 | 2014-07-04 | 한국과학기술원 | 비선형 초음파 모듈레이션 기법을 이용한 구조물의 무선 진단장치 및 그를 이용한 안전진단 방법 |
US9664649B2 (en) | 2013-12-16 | 2017-05-30 | Embraer S.A. | Structural health monitoring system employing electromechanical impedance technology |
US10024756B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2018-07-17 | Embraer S.A. | Method and system for structural health monitoring with frequency synchronization |
KR101732494B1 (ko) | 2016-03-29 | 2017-05-04 | 한국과학기술원 | 비선형 초음파 변조 기법을 이용한 균열 탐지 방법 |
US10458954B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2019-10-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Structure evaluation system, structure evaluation apparatus, and structure evaluation method |
US10352912B2 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2019-07-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Structure evaluation system, structure evaluation apparatus, and structure evaluation method |
CN106768763B (zh) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-10-19 | 温州大学 | 一种板损伤快速检测方法 |
GB2572215A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-09-25 | Short Brothers Ltd | Detection of kiss bonds within composite components |
CN109141618A (zh) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-04 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种钢结构螺栓松动检测机器人 |
CN109472083B (zh) * | 2018-11-05 | 2022-12-20 | 江苏经贸职业技术学院 | 基于统计过程控制的土木工程结构损伤检测方法 |
CN109655493A (zh) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-19 | 广东省特种设备检测研究院珠海检测院 | 一种起重机疲劳裂纹扩展监测设备及方法 |
JP7234102B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-26 | 2023-03-07 | 株式会社東芝 | プラント評価システム、方法及びプログラム |
DE102021106705A1 (de) | 2021-03-18 | 2022-09-22 | Technische Universität Braunschweig - Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts | Impedanz-Analysator |
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JP2001099760A (ja) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-13 | Nkk Corp | 構造物ヘルスモニタリング方法及び構造物ヘルスモニタリング装置 |
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JP2004028907A (ja) | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-29 | Shiyoui Ko | 構造物健全度評価装置及びその装置を用いた構造物の健全度評価方法 |
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JPWO2009101978A1 (ja) | 2011-06-09 |
US8371170B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 |
EP2246695A4 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
CN102066920B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
WO2009101978A1 (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
US20100319452A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
EP2246695A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
CN102066920A (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
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