JP5265380B2 - 光電池システム及びそれを構成する方法 - Google Patents
光電池システム及びそれを構成する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5265380B2 JP5265380B2 JP2008547765A JP2008547765A JP5265380B2 JP 5265380 B2 JP5265380 B2 JP 5265380B2 JP 2008547765 A JP2008547765 A JP 2008547765A JP 2008547765 A JP2008547765 A JP 2008547765A JP 5265380 B2 JP5265380 B2 JP 5265380B2
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- PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[3-(1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsilol-1-yl)propyl]azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)CCC[Si]1(C)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Description
合衆国法典第35編第119条(e)に準じ、本願は2005年12月21日付で提出された米国特許仮出願第60/752608号、2006年4月11日付で提出された米国特許仮出願第60/790606号、2006年4月17日付で提出された米国特許仮出願第60/792485号の優先権を伴い、これらの出願の内容は、参照として本願に併合されるものである。
一態様において、本発明は第1及び第2電極と、前記第1及び第2電極の間にある再結合層と、前記第1電極と前記再結合層との間にある第1光学活性層と、前記第2電極と前記再結合層との間にある第2光学活性層とを備えるシステムを特徴とする。前記再結合層は半導体材料を備える。前記システムは光電池システムとして構成される。
いくつかの実施形態において、前記p型半導体材料は、ポリチオフェン類(例えば、ポリ(3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェン)(PEDOT))、ポリアニリン類、ポリビニルカルバゾール類、ポリフェニレン類、ポリフェニルビニレン類、ポリシラン類、ポリチエニレンビニレン類、ポリイソチアナフテン類、ポリシクロペンタジチオフェン類、ポリシラシクロペンタジチオフェン類、ポリシクロペンタジチアゾール類、ポリチアゾロチアゾール類、ポリチアゾール類、ポリベンゾチアジアゾール類、ポリ(チオフェンオキシド)類、ポリ(シクロペンタジチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリチアジアゾロキノキサリン類、ポリベンゾイソチアゾール類、ポリベンゾチアゾール類、ポリチエノチオフェン類、ポリ(チエノチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリジチエノチオフェン類、ポリ(ジチエノチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリテトラヒドロイソインドール類、及びそれらのコポリマーからなる群より選択される一つのポリマーを含む。
いくつかの実施形態において、前記電子ドナー材料は、ポリチオフェン類、ポリアニリン類、ポリビニルカルバゾール類、ポリフェニレン類、ポリフェニルビニレン類、ポリシラン類、ポリチエニレンビニレン類、ポリイソチアナフテン類、ポリシクロペンタジチオフェン類、ポリシラシクロペンタジチオフェン類、ポリシクロペンタジチアゾール類、ポリチアゾロチアゾール類、ポリチアゾール類、ポリベンゾチアジアゾール類、ポリ(チオフェンオキシド)類、ポリ(シクロペンタジチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリチアジアゾロキノキサリン類、ポリベンゾイソチアゾール類、ポリベンゾチアゾール類、ポリチエノチオフェン類、ポリ(チエノチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリジチエノチオフェン類、ポリ(ジチエノチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリテトラヒドロイソインドール類、及びそれらのコポリマーからなる群より選択される一つのポリマーを含む。例えば、前記電子ドナー材料は、ポリチオフェン類(例えば、ポリ(3−ヘキシルチオフェン)(P3HT))、ポリシクロペンタジチオフェン類(例えば、ポリ(シクロペンタジチオフェン−コ−ベンゾチアジアゾール))、及びそれらのコポリマーからなる群より選択される一つのポリマーを含む。
いくつかの実施形態において、前記システムはさらに、前記第1光学活性層と前記第1電極との間に正孔キャリア層を備える。前記正孔キャリア層は、ポリチオフェン類、ポリアニリン類、ポリビニルカルバゾール類、ポリフェニレン類、ポリフェニルビニレン類、ポリシラン類、ポリチエニレンビニレン類、ポリイソチアナフテン類、及びそれらのコポリマーからなる群より選択される一つのポリマーを含むことができる。
いくつかの実施形態において、前記方法は前記再結合層を光学活性層の上に配置する工程をさらに備える。前記配置する工程は、第1半導体材料を備える第1層を前記光学活性層の上に配置し、かつ、前記第1半導体とは異なる第2半導体材料を備える第2層を前記第1層の上へ配置する工程を備えてもよい。いくつかの実施形態において、前記第1及び第2半導体材料の一方はn型半導体材料であり、前記第1及び第2半導体材料の他方はp型半導体材料である。
いくつかの実施形態において、前記再結合層は連続的なロール・ツー・ロール方式において容易に使用できる溶融工程を用いて形成される。そのような工程は光電池セルの提供におけるコストをかなり削減することができる。
図1は、正極110、正孔キャリア層120、光学活性層130、再結合層140、光学活性層150、正孔ブロック層160、負極170、及び、正極110及び負極170を介して光電池セル100に接続された外部負荷180を有するタンデム型光電池セル100の参考例を示す。
正孔キャリア層120は一般に、光電池セル100に用いられる厚さで正孔を正極110へ移送し、電子の正極110への移送を実質的にブロックする材料から形成される。層120を形成する材料の例は、ポリチオフェン類(例えば、PEDOT)、ポリアニリン類、ポリビニルカルバゾール類、ポリフェニレン類、ポリフェニルビニレン類、ポリシラン類、ポリチエニレンビニレン類、ポリイソチアナフテン類、及びそれらのコポリマーを含む。いくつかの実施形態において、正孔キャリア層120は正孔キャリア材料の組合せを含む。
電子アクセプタ材料の例は、フラーレン類、オキサジアゾール類、カーボンナノロッド、円盤状液晶、無機ナノ粒子(例えば、亜鉛酸化物、タングステン酸化物、リン化インジウム、セレン化カドミウム、及び/又は硫化鉛からなるナノ粒子)、無機ナノロッド(例えば、亜鉛酸化物、タングステン酸化物、リン化インジウム、セレン化カドミウム、及び/又は硫化鉛からなるナノロッド)、又は電子を受容可能か、又は安定陰イオンを形成可能な部分を含有するポリマー(例えば、CN基を有するポリマー、CF3基を有するポリマー)を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、電子アクセプタ材料は置換フラーレン(例えば、PCBM)である。いくつかの実施形態において、光学活性層130又は150には電子アクセプタ材料の組合せが用いられる。
前記第2コモノマー反復ユニットは、ベンゾチアジアゾール部、チアジアゾロキノキサリン部、シクロペンタジチオフェンオキシド部、ベンゾイソチアゾール部、ベンゾチアゾール部、チオフェンオキシド部、チエノチオフェン部、チエノチオフェンオキシド部、ジチエノチオフェン部、ジチエノチオフェンオキシド部、テトラヒドロイソインドール部、フルオレン部、シロール部、シクロペンタジチオフェン部、フルオレノン部、チアゾール部、セレノフェン部、チアゾロチアゾール部、シクロペンタジチアゾール部、ナフトチアジアゾール部、チエノピラジン部、シラシクロペンタジチオフェン部、オキサゾール部、イミダゾール部、ピリミジン部、ベンゾオキサゾール部、又はベンズイミダゾール部を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、前記第2コモノマー反復ユニットは3,4−ベンゾ−1,2,5−チアジアゾール部である。
Claims (13)
- 第1電極及び第2電極と、
前記第1電極及び第2電極の間にあり、かつ2つの層を備える再結合層であって、一方の層はp型半導体材料を備えるとともに、他方の層はn型半導体材料を備え、かつ、前記p型半導体材料はポリマーを含む再結合層と、
前記第1電極と前記再結合層との間にある第1光学活性層と、
前記第2電極と前記再結合層との間にある第2光学活性層と
を備えるシステムであって、光電池システムとして構成されるシステム。 - 前記p型半導体材料が、ポリチオフェン類、ポリアニリン類、ポリビニルカルバゾール類、ポリフェニレン類、ポリフェニルビニレン類、ポリシラン類、ポリチエニレンビニレン類、ポリイソチアナフテン類、ポリシクロペンタジチオフェン類、ポリシラシクロペンタジチオフェン類、ポリシクロペンタジチアゾール類、ポリチアゾロチアゾール類、ポリチアゾール類、ポリベンゾチアジアゾール類、ポリ(チオフェンオキシド)類、ポリ(シクロペンタジチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリチアジアゾロキノキサリン類、ポリベンゾイソチアゾール類、ポリベンゾチアゾール類、ポリチエノチオフェン類、ポリ(チエノチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリジチエノチオフェン類、ポリ(ジチエノチオフェンオキシド)類、ポリテトラヒドロイソインドール類、及びそれらのコポリマーからなる群より選択される一つのポリマーを備える請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記n型半導体材料が金属酸化物を備える請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記n型半導体材料が、フラーレン類、無機ナノ粒子、オキサジアゾール類、円盤状液晶、カーボンナノロッド、無機ナノロッド、CN基を有するポリマー、CF3基を有するポリマー、及びそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される一つの材料を備える請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1光学活性層又は第2光学活性層が電子ドナー材料及び電子アクセプタ材料を備える請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1光学活性層が第1バンドギャップを有し、かつ、前記第2光学活性層が前記第1バンドギャップとは異なる第2バンドギャップを有する請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1光学活性層と前記第1電極との間に正孔キャリア層をさらに備える請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記第2光学活性層と前記第2電極との間に正孔ブロック層をさらに備える請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- ロール・ツー・ロール方式によって光電池システムを構成する工程を備える方法であって、
前記光電池システムは、
第1電極及び第2電極と、
前記第1電極及び第2電極の間にあり、かつ2つの層を備える再結合層であって、一方の層はp型半導体材料を備えるとともに他方の層はn型半導体材料を備え、かつ、前記p型半導体材料はポリマーを含む再結合層と、
前記第1電極と前記再結合層との間にある第1光学活性層と、
前記第2電極と前記再結合層との間にある第2光学活性層と
を備える方法。 - 前記方法が、前記第1光学活性層又は前記第2光学活性層の上に前記再結合層を配置する工程をさらに備える請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記配置する工程が、前記第1光学活性層又は前記第2光学活性層の上に第1半導体材料を含む第1層を配置する工程、及び前記第1層の上に第2半導体材料を含む第2層を配置する工程を備え、前記第2半導体材料は前記第1半導体材料とは異なる請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記第1半導体材料及び第2半導体材料の一方がn型半導体材料であり、かつ、前記第1半導体材料及び第2半導体材料の他方がp型半導体材料である請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記再結合層が、溶融コーティング、インクジェット印刷、スピンコーティング、ディップコーティング、ナイフコーティング、バーコーティング、スプレーコーティング、ローラコーティング、スロットコーティング、グラビアコーティング、及びスクリーン印刷からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの工程を用いて前記第1光学活性層又は前記第2光学活性層の上に配置される請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2006/062459 WO2007076427A2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2006-12-21 | Tandem photovoltaic cells |
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EP (1) | EP1964144B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5265380B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE480870T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602006016861D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007076427A2 (ja) |
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US20210057661A1 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2021-02-25 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Organic photovoltaic cells and compositions thereof |
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DE102004036793A1 (de) | 2004-07-29 | 2006-03-23 | Konarka Technologies, Inc., Lowell | Nanoporöse Fullerenschichten und deren Verwendung in der organischen Photovoltaik |
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JP5324425B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-11 | 2013-10-23 | メルク パテント ゲーエムベーハー | タンデム型光電池 |
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US8273599B2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2012-09-25 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Enhancing performance characteristics of organic semiconducting films by improved solution processing |
NZ582485A (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2012-05-25 | Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc | Cyclic amine substituted pyrimidinediamines as pkc inhibitors |
CN101802948B (zh) * | 2007-07-23 | 2014-01-15 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 串列光伏电池 |
US8227691B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2012-07-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Processing additives for fabricating organic photovoltaic cells |
US20090194167A1 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-06 | Konarka Technologies, Inc. | Methods of Forming Photoactive Layer |
KR101557517B1 (ko) * | 2008-03-19 | 2015-10-06 | 더 리젠츠 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 미시간 | 적외선을 검출하기 위한 유기 박막 |
US8455606B2 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2013-06-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Photoactive polymers |
JP2010177615A (ja) * | 2009-02-02 | 2010-08-12 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機エレクトロニクス素子および有機エレクトロニクス素子の製造方法 |
JP2012193338A (ja) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-10-11 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 重合体、この重合体を用いた有機薄膜及び有機薄膜素子 |
TWI454466B (zh) * | 2011-07-22 | 2014-10-01 | Ken Tsung Wong | 可用於有機薄膜太陽能電池之化合物及有機薄膜太陽能電池 |
JP5887814B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-07 | 2016-03-16 | 住友化学株式会社 | 高分子化合物及びそれを用いた電子素子 |
JP2015032736A (ja) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-16 | 富士電機株式会社 | 積層型有機薄膜太陽電池及びその製造方法 |
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GB2312326B (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 1999-07-28 | Cambridge Display Tech Ltd | Electroluminescent device |
TW556357B (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2003-10-01 | Semiconductor Energy Lab | Method of manufacturing an electro-optical device |
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KR100915530B1 (ko) * | 2001-06-11 | 2009-09-04 | 더 트러스티즈 오브 프린스턴 유니버시티 | 유기 광기전력 장치 |
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DE10326547A1 (de) * | 2003-06-12 | 2005-01-05 | Siemens Ag | Tandemsolarzelle mit einer gemeinsamen organischen Elektrode |
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JP2009521810A (ja) | 2009-06-04 |
EP1964144B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
DE602006016861D1 (de) | 2010-10-21 |
WO2007076427A3 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
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