JP5249578B2 - Epoxy compound having fluorene skeleton - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a novel epoxy compound having a fluorene skeleton (specifically, a 9,9-bis (fused polycyclic aryl) fluorene skeleton).

  Epoxy resins are generally cured with various curing agents to form a cured product having excellent mechanical properties, water resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance, electrical properties, and the like. Therefore, epoxy resins are used in a wide range of fields such as adhesives, paints, laminates, molding materials and casting materials. Conventionally, bisphenol A type epoxy resins and the like are known as the most industrially used epoxy resins, but such epoxy resins should be solved, for example, insufficient heat resistance depending on the application. There was also a point.

  On the other hand, compounds having a 9,9-bisphenylfluorene skeleton such as bisphenolfluorene (BPF), biscresol fluorene (BCF), and bisphenoxyethanol fluorene (BPEF) are known to have an excellent function in heat resistance. It is also known to use such a compound as an epoxy resin raw material.

  For example, Japanese Patent No. 3659533 (Patent Document 1) discloses an epoxy resin represented by the following formula (1).

(In the formula, each R independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and G represents a glycidyl group.)
In this document, regarding the group R, a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group and the like are mentioned as preferable groups, and it is described that a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is particularly preferable. In the examples of this document, 9,9-bis [4- (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) phenyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [4- (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) -3-methylphenyl] fluorene It is described that obtained.

  JP-A-2005-162785 (Patent Document 2) discloses a resin composition composed of a compound having a fluorene skeleton and a thermoplastic resin. , 9-bis (4-glycidyloxyphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-glycidyloxy-3-methylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-glycidyloxyethoxyphenyl) fluorene, 9,9- It is described that glycidyl ethers such as bis (4-glycidyloxyethoxy-3-methylphenyl) fluorene can be used.

  Since the epoxy resins described in these documents have a 9,9-bisphenylfluorene skeleton, characteristics such as heat resistance can be improved to some extent as compared with conventional epoxy resins such as bisphenol A type epoxy resins. However, with the recent rapid technological innovation, further improvement of the characteristics is required. For example, epoxy resins used for electronic material applications such as semiconductor encapsulants are increasingly required to improve various high-functional properties such as high refractive index, high heat resistance, and low viscosity. . Moreover, the epoxy resin described in the above literature often has a high melt viscosity, and in many cases it is not sufficient in terms of handling properties.

  Therefore, a compound obtained by further improving such a compound having a fluorene skeleton in terms of heat resistance or the like has been studied. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-99741 (Patent Document 3) discloses a compound having a fluorene skeleton represented by the following formula.

(In the formula, rings Z ¹ and Z ² are condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon rings, R ^1a , R ^1b and R ² are the same or different and each represents a substituent. K1 and k2 are the same or different and represent an integer of 0 to 4; M represents 0 or an integer of 1 or more, and n represents an integer of 1 or more.)
And in this document, it is described that the compound having the above fluorene skeleton [for example, 9,9-bis (hydroxy) naphthylfluorenes] can be used as an epoxy resin raw material. It is described that a reaction product of diols partially or wholly composed of a compound represented by the above formula and epichlorohydrin can be used.

This document does not describe the details of the epoxy resin, and does not specifically examine the epoxy resin.
Japanese Patent No. 3659533 (Claim 1, paragraph number [0013], Example) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-162785 (Claim 1, paragraph numbers [0043] and [0044]) JP 2007-99741 A (Claim 1, paragraph numbers [0064] to [0065])

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel fluorene skeleton-containing epoxy having a 9,9-bis (fused polycyclic aryl) fluorene skeleton (such as a 9,9-bis (naphthyl) fluorene skeleton) and having a low melt viscosity. It is to provide a compound.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluorene skeleton-containing epoxy compound having excellent properties such as high heat resistance and low linear expansion, and excellent handling properties.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a novel fluorene skeleton-containing epoxy epoxy compound capable of reducing the flexural modulus at high temperatures.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies on an epoxy compound having a 9,9-bis (fused polycyclic aryl) fluorene skeleton (such as a 9,9-bis (naphthyl) fluorene skeleton). In a novel fluorene skeleton-containing epoxy compound having a combination of a 9,9-bis (condensed polycyclic aryl) fluorene skeleton and an oxyalkylene group (oxyethylene group, oxypropylene group, etc.), 9,9-bis (hydroxy) Compared with an epoxy compound such as a reaction product of naphthylfluorenes and epichlorohydrin, the melt viscosity can be remarkably reduced, and such a novel epoxy compound has excellent handling properties and high practicality. (Fused polycyclic aryl) found to be an epoxy compound having a fluorene skeleton, Invention has been completed.

  That is, the compound of the present invention is a compound represented by the following formula (1).

(In the formula, ring Z represents a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring, R ¹ represents a cyano group, a halogen atom or an alkyl group, R ² represents an alkylene group, R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R ⁴ is a hydrocarbon group, alkoxy group, cycloalkoxy group, aryloxy group, aralkyloxy group, alkylthio group, cycloalkylthio group, arylthio group, aralkylthio group, acyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, hydroxy group, halogen atom, nitro A group, a cyano group or a substituted amino group, k is an integer of 0 to 4, m is an integer of 1 or more, n is 0 or an integer of 1 or more, and p is an integer of 1 or more.)
In the formula (1), Z may be a naphthalene ring, R ² may be a C _2-4 alkylene group (ethylene group, propylene group, etc.), and m is about 1-4. Also good.

  In the formula (1), p may be about 1 to 3.

In particular, from the viewpoint of enhancing the viscosity reducing effect, in the formula (1), R ² may be a branched C _3-4 alkylene group (for example, a propylene group).

  Typical compounds represented by the formula (1) include compounds represented by the following formula (1A).

(In the formula, n1 and n2 each represent an integer of 0 to 3, n1 + n2 = n, and R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , k, m, n, and p are the same as above.)
In particular, the compound represented by the formula (1) is 9,9-bis [6- (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [6- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy). 9,9-bis (glycidyloxy C _2-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene such as) -2-naphthyl] fluorene.

The compound represented by the formula (1) is a 9,9-bis (glycidyloxy branched C _3-4 ) such as 9,9-bis [6- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene. Alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene may be used. In the above formula (1), a compound in which R ² is a branched alkylene group is preferable because it has a large viscosity reducing effect.

  In the present specification, the “class” such as a compound name includes a case of “having no substituent” and a case of “having a substituent”, and “may have a substituent”. May mean.

  Since the novel fluorene skeleton-containing epoxy compound of the present invention has a 9,9-bis (fused polycyclic aryl) fluorene skeleton and an oxyalkylene group in combination, 9,9-bis (fused polycyclic) Aryl) fluorene skeleton (9,9-bis (naphthyl) fluorene skeleton etc.) and low melt viscosity. Therefore, the epoxy compound of the present invention has excellent characteristics such as high heat resistance and low linear expansion property derived from 9,9-bis (condensed polycyclic aryl) fluorene skeleton, and is excellent in handling properties and practical use. The nature is also high. Moreover, the novel fluorene skeleton containing epoxy compound of this invention can reduce the bending elastic modulus at high temperature. Such an epoxy compound is a compound that can withstand use at high temperatures and has a wide range of applications.

  The compound of the present invention (sometimes referred to as a fluorene skeleton-containing epoxy compound or an epoxy compound) is a compound represented by the following formula (1).

(In the formula, ring Z represents a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring, R ¹ represents a substituent, R ² represents an alkylene group, R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R ⁴ represents a substituent. K is an integer of 0 to 4, m is an integer of 1 or more, n is 0 or an integer of 1 or more, and p is an integer of 1 or more.)
In the above formula (1), the condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring represented by ring Z is a condensed bicyclic hydrocarbon ring (for example, a C _8-20 condensed bicyclic ring such as an indene ring or a naphthalene ring). Hydrocarbon rings, preferably C _10-16 condensed bicyclic hydrocarbon rings), condensed tricyclic hydrocarbon rings (for example, anthracene ring, phenanthrene ring, etc.), etc. It is done. Preferred examples of the condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring include a naphthalene ring and an anthracene ring, and a naphthalene ring is particularly preferable. The two rings Z substituted at the 9-position of fluorene may be the same or different rings, and may usually be the same ring.

  In addition, the substitution position of the ring Z substituted at the 9th position of fluorene is not particularly limited. For example, the naphthyl group substituted at the 9th position of fluorene may be a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, or the like. Particularly preferred is a 2-naphthyl group.

In the formula (1), examples of the substituent represented by the group R ¹ include a cyano group, a halogen atom (fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, etc.), a hydrocarbon group [eg, alkyl group, aryl Non-reactive substituents such as a group (C _6-10 aryl group such as a phenyl group) and the like, and the like, especially a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyl group (particularly an alkyl group). Examples of the alkyl group include C _1-6 alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, and a t-butyl group (for example, a C _1-4 alkyl group, particularly a methyl group). . In addition, when k is plural (two or more), the groups R ¹ may be different from each other or the same. Further, the groups R ¹ substituted on the two benzene rings constituting the fluorene (or fluorene skeleton) may be the same or different. Further, the bonding position (substitution position) of the group R ¹ with respect to the benzene ring constituting the fluorene is not particularly limited. The preferred substitution number k is 0 to 1, in particular 0. In the two benzene rings constituting fluorene, the number of substitutions k may be the same or different from each other.

In the formula (1), examples of the alkylene group represented by the group R ² include an ethylene group, a propylene group (or 1,2-propanediyl group), a trimethylene group, a 1,2-butanediyl group, and a tetramethylene group. And a C _2-6 alkylene group, preferably a C _2-4 alkylene group, and more preferably a C _2-3 alkylene group. In particular, among these alkylene groups, a branched alkylene group such as a propylene group (branched C _3-4 alkylene group and the like) is surprisingly more of the compound represented by the formula (1) than an ethylene group or the like. The effect of reducing melt viscosity is high. When m is 2 or more, the alkylene group may be composed of different alkylene groups, and usually may be composed of the same alkylene group. In the two condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon rings, the groups R ² may be the same or different, and may usually be the same.

The number (number of added moles) m of the oxyalkylene group (OR ² ) can be selected from the range of about 1 to 15 (eg, 1 to 12), for example, 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 6, and more preferably 1 -4 (e.g. 1-3), especially 1-2. The number of substitutions m may be the same or different in different rings Z. Moreover, in the two rings Z, the total (mx2) of oxyalkylene groups can be selected from the range of about 2 to 30 (for example, 2 to 24), for example, 2 to 16 (for example, 2 to 14), Preferably it may be 2 to 12 (eg 2 to 10), more preferably 2 to 8 (eg 2 to 6), especially 2 to 4 (eg 2 to 3).

In the formula (1), the group R ³ is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and preferred R ³ is a hydrogen atom.

Examples of the substituent R ⁴ substituted on the ring Z include an alkyl group (eg, a C _1-20 alkyl such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a s-butyl group, and a t-butyl group). Groups, preferably C _1-8 alkyl groups, more preferably C _1-6 alkyl groups, etc., cycloalkyl groups (C _5-10 cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, etc., preferably C _5-8 A cycloalkyl group, more preferably a C _5-6 cycloalkyl group, etc., an aryl group [eg, a phenyl group, an alkylphenyl group (a methylphenyl group (or a tolyl group, a 2-methylphenyl group, a 3-methylphenyl group, etc.)) , dimethylphenyl group (xylyl), etc.), _{C 6-10} aryl group such as a naphthyl group, preferably a _{C 6-8} aryl group, especially Phenyl group], a hydrocarbon group such as an aralkyl group (a benzyl group and _{C 6-10} aryl _{-C 1-4} alkyl group such as a phenethyl group); an alkoxy group (methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, n- butoxy Group, an isobutoxy group, a C _1-20 alkoxy group such as a t-butoxy group, preferably a C _1-8 alkoxy group, more preferably a C _1-6 alkoxy group, etc., a cycloalkoxy group (C such as a cyclohexyloxy group) _5-10 cycloalkyloxy group), aryloxy group (C _6-10 aryloxy group such as phenoxy group), aralkyloxy group (eg C _6-10 aryl-C _1-4 alkyloxy such as benzyloxy group) Group) ether group (substituted hydroxyl group); alkylthio group (methylthio group, ethylthio group) , Propylthio group, n- butylthio group, _{t-C 1-20} alkylthio group such as butylthio group, preferably a _{C 1-8} alkylthio group, more preferably a _{C 1-6,} etc. alkylthio group), cycloalkylthio groups (cyclohex cyclohexylthio A C _5-10 cycloalkylthio group such as a group), an arylthio group (C _6-10 arylthio group such as a thiophenoxy group), an aralkylthio group (for example, a C _6-10 aryl-C _1-4 alkylthio such as a benzylthio group). Group) thioether group (substituted mercapto group); acyl group (C _1-6 acyl group such as acetyl group); alkoxycarbonyl group (C _1-4 alkoxy-carbonyl group such as methoxycarbonyl group); hydroxyl group ; Halogen atom (fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom Nitro group; cyano group; substituted amino group (dialkylamino group and the like) and the like.

Of these, the group R ⁴ is preferably a hydrocarbon group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an aralkyloxy group, an acyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, or a substituted amino group. The preferred group R ⁴ is a hydrocarbon group [eg, alkyl group (eg, C _1-6 alkyl group)], alkoxy group (eg, C _1-4 alkoxy group), halogen atom (fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom). , Iodine atom, etc.).

In the same ring Z, when n is plural (2 or more), the groups R ⁴ may be different from each other or the same. In the two rings Z, the groups R ⁴ may be the same or different. The preferred substitution number n may be 0 to 8, preferably 0 to 6 (for example, 1 to 5), more preferably 0 to 4, particularly 0 to 2 (for example, 0 to 1). In the two rings Z, the number of substitutions n may be the same or different from each other.

In the formula (1), the substitution number p of the group containing the group R ² (sometimes referred to as an epoxy group-containing group or the like) may be 1 or more, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3, Preferably it may be 1-2, especially 1. In addition, the substitution number p may be the same or different in each ring Z, and is usually the same in many cases. The substitution position of the epoxy group-containing group is not particularly limited as long as it is substituted at an appropriate substitution position of ring Z. In particular, the epoxy group-containing group is at least substituted with a hydrocarbon ring different from the hydrocarbon ring bonded to the 9-position of the fluorene in the condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon ring (for example, the 5-position, 6-position, etc. of the naphthalene ring). There are many cases.

  Representative compounds represented by the formula (1) include compounds represented by the following formula (1A) (that is, compounds in which the ring Z is a naphthalene ring).

(In the formula, n1 and n2 each represent an integer of 0 to 3, n1 + n2 = n, and R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , k, m, n, and p are the same as above.)
In the above formula (1A), n1 and n2 each correspond to n, and n1 may be 0-3, preferably 0-2, more preferably 0-1, particularly 0. It is. Moreover, n2 should just be 0-3 (for example, 1-3), Preferably it is 0-2, More preferably, it is 0-1, Especially 0. In addition, n1 and n2 may be the same or different numbers in each naphthalene ring, and may be the same or different numbers in different naphthalene rings. The substituent R ⁴ is the same as described above, and may be the same or different substituents in the same naphthalene ring and different naphthalene rings.

  In the formula (1A), the number of substitutions p of the epoxy group-containing group may be, for example, 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 to 2, particularly 1. Further, in the formula (1A), the position of substitution of the epoxy group-containing group is not particularly limited, but depending on the position of substitution of the naphthyl group (1 or 2-naphthyl group) to be substituted with fluorene, the position of 5-8 position Any one (for example, 5-position) may be used, and in particular, when a 2-naphthyl group (β-naphthyl group) is substituted, at least an epoxy group-containing group is substituted at the 6-position of the naphthyl group. In many cases, when a 1-naphthyl group (α-naphthyl group) is substituted, at least an epoxy group-containing group is often substituted at the 5th or 8th position (particularly the 5th position) of the naphthyl group. .

  Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) include 9,9-bis (glycidyloxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes and 9,9-bis (glycidyloxypolyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes. In the formula (1), p is 2 in a compound in which p is 1 in 9, bis (polyglycidyloxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, 9,9-bis (polyglycidyloxypolyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, etc. The compound which is the above is mentioned.

Examples of 9,9-bis (glycidyloxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes include 9,9-bis (glycidyloxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [for example, 9,9-bis [6- (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) -2]. -Naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [6- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [5- (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) -1-naphthyl] fluorene, 9 , 9-bis [9,9-bis (glycidyloxy C _2-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene such as 5- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) -1-naphthyl] fluorene] and the like.

Examples of 9,9-bis (glycidyloxypolyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes include, for example, 9,9-bis (glycidyloxydialkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [for example, 9,9-bis {6- [2- (2 -Glycidyloxyethoxy) ethoxy] -2-naphthyl} fluorene, 9,9-bis {6- [2- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) propoxy] -2-naphthyl} fluorene, 9,9-bis {5- [ 9,9- such as 2- (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) ethoxy] -1-naphthyl} fluorene, 9,9-bis {5- [2- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) propoxy] -1-naphthyl} fluorene bis (glycidyloxy di _{C 2-4} alkoxy-naphthyl) fluorene, etc.] such as 9,9-bis (glycidyloxy-di Alkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes: Corresponding to these compounds, for example, compounds in which m is 3 or more in the formula (1).

Examples of 9,9-bis (polyglycidyloxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes include 9,9-bis (di- or triglycidyloxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [for example, 9,9-bis [di (2-glycidyloxyethoxy). ) -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [di (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [di (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) -1-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [9,9-bis (di- or triglycidyloxy C _2-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene such as tri (2-glycidyloxyethoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene] and the like.

As 9,9-bis (polyglycidyloxypolyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, for example, 9,9-bis (di- or triglycidyloxydialkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [for example, 9,9-bis {di [2- ( 2-glycidyloxyethoxy) ethoxy] -2-naphthyl} fluorene, 9,9-bis {di [2- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) propoxy] -2-naphthyl} fluorene, 9,9-bis {tri [2 - (2-glycidyloxy) ethoxy] -1-naphthyl} fluorene such as 9,9-bis (di or tri glycidyloxy di _{C 2-4} alkoxy-naphthyl) fluorene, etc.] such as 9,9-bis (di or Triglycidyloxydialkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes; corresponding to these compounds, And m is 3 or more.

Of these, 9,9-bis (glycidyloxy C _2-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene and the like are preferable. In particular, from the viewpoint of reducing the melt viscosity, a compound in which the group R ² in the formula (1) is a branched alkylene group (for example, a propylene group), for example, 9,9-bis (glycidyloxy branched C _{3− 4-} alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene {for example, 9,9-bis [6- (2-glycidyloxypropoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene, etc.} is preferred.

(Method for producing compound represented by formula (1))
The compound represented by the formula (1) is not particularly limited, but can be produced by reacting a compound represented by the following formula (2) with a compound represented by the following formula (3).

(In the formula, R ⁵ represents a halogen atom, and Z, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , k, m, n, and p are the same as described above.)
Examples of the compound represented by the formula (2) include compounds corresponding to the compound represented by the formula (1), for example, 9,9-bis (hydroxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, 9,9-bis (hydroxy). In formula (2) such as polyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, 9,9-bis (polyhydroxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, and 9,9-bis (polyhydroxypolyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, ring Z is a naphthalene ring. Compound etc. are mentioned.

Examples of 9,9-bis (hydroxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes include 9,9-bis (hydroxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [for example, 9,9-bis [6- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-naphthyl]. Fluorene, 9,9-bis [6- (2-hydroxypropoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [5- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -1-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [ And 9,9-bis (hydroxyC _2-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene and the like such as 5- (2-hydroxypropoxy) -1-naphthyl] fluorene] and the like.

Examples of 9,9-bis (hydroxypolyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes include, for example, 9,9-bis (hydroxydialkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [for example, 9,9-bis [6- {2- (2-hydroxy Ethoxy) ethoxy} -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [6- {2- (2-hydroxypropoxy) propoxy} -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [5- {2- (2 9,9-bis (hydroxydiC ₂ such as -hydroxyethoxy) ethoxy} -1-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [5- {2- (2-hydroxypropoxy) propoxy} -1-naphthyl] fluorene _-4 alkoxy naphthyl) fluorene] 9,9-bis (hydroxymethyl dialkoxy naphthyl) fluorene such as; these compounds And a compound in which m is 3 or more in the formula (2).

As 9,9-bis (polyhydroxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes, for example, 9,9-bis (di or trihydroxyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [for example, 9,9-bis [di (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2] 9,9- such as -naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [di (2-hydroxypropoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [tri (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-naphthyl] fluorene Bis (di- or trihydroxy C _2-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene etc.] and the like.

Examples of 9,9-bis (polyhydroxypolyalkoxynaphthyl) fluorenes include 9,9-bis (di- or trihydroxydialkoxynaphthyl) fluorene [eg, 9,9-bis [di {2- (2- Hydroxyethoxy) ethoxy} -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [di {2- (2-hydroxypropoxy) propoxy} -2-naphthyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [tri {2- (2- 9,9-bis (di- or trihydroxy dialkoxy naphthyl) such as 9,9-bis (di- or trihydroxydi- _C2-4 alkoxy naphthyl) fluorene etc.] such as hydroxyethoxy) ethoxy} -2-naphthyl] fluorene Fluorenes; corresponding to these compounds, for example, compounds wherein m is 3 or more in the formula (2).

Alkylene wherein the compound represented by formula (2) is not particularly limited, for example, corresponding to (1) a compound represented by the following formula (2A), an alkylene oxide or a radical R ² corresponds to the radical R ² It can be obtained by a method of reacting with carbonate, (2) a method of reacting a compound represented by the following formula (2B) with a compound represented by the following formula (2C), or the like.

(In the formula, Z, R ¹ , R ² , R ⁴ , k, m, n and p are the same as above.)
(Method (1))
In the method (1), examples of the compound represented by the formula (2A) include compounds corresponding to the compound represented by the formula (2), such as 9,9-bis (hydroxynaphthylphenyl) fluorenes [for example, 9,9-bis (hydroxynaphthyl) fluorene such as 9,9-bis (6-hydroxy-2-naphthyl) fluorene], 9,9-bis (polyhydroxynaphthylphenyl) fluorenes [for example, 9,9- 9,9-bis (di or trihydroxynaphthyl) fluorene such as bis (di or trihydroxy-2-naphthyl) fluorene] and the like.

The compound represented by the formula (2A) may be a commercially available product. For example, an acid (for example, an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, a solid acid) or a thiol (mercaptocarboxylic acid) may be used. In the presence of an acid, etc., the compound represented by the formula (2B) (fluorenones) and the corresponding hydroxy naphthalenes [naphthols (naphthols such as 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol; alkylnaphthols such as methylnaphthol) (For example, _C1-4 alkyl naphthol etc.), polyhydroxynaphthalenes (for example, 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2 , 6-Dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,2,4-trihi It is also possible to use those produced by a method of reacting with di- or trihydroxynaphthalenes such as droxynaphthalene).

  The purity of the compound represented by the formula (2A) used as a raw material is not particularly limited, but is usually 95% by weight or more, and preferably 99% by weight or more.

In the method (1), examples of the alkylene oxide corresponding to the group R ² include C _2-6 alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide, preferably C _2-4 alkylene oxides. Examples of the alkylene carbonate corresponding to the group R ² include C _2-6 alkylene carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and butylene carbonate, preferably C _2-4 alkylene carbonates. When alkylene oxide or alkylene carbonate is reacted, a (poly) oxyalkylene unit can be introduced through the hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula (2A). When alkylene carbonate is used, oxyalkylene units (branched alkoxy units) are introduced by the decarboxylation reaction after addition of alkylene carbonate.

In the method (1), the amount of alkylene carbonate corresponding to the alkylene oxide or a radical R ² corresponds to the group R ² may be adjusted according to the number of alkylene oxide units to be added is represented by the formula (2A) For example, 2 to 50 mol (for example, 2 to 40 mol), preferably 2 to 30 mol (for example, 2 to 25 mol), more preferably 2 to 20 mol (for example, with respect to 1 mol of hydroxyl group of the compound) It may be about 2 to 15 mol).

  The reaction may be carried out in the absence of a catalyst, but can usually be carried out in the presence of a catalyst. Examples of the catalyst include a base catalyst and an acid catalyst, and usually a base catalyst can be used. Base catalysts include metal hydroxides (alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxides), metal carbonates (alkali metals such as sodium carbonate or alkaline earth metal carbonates, sodium hydrogen carbonate, etc.) Inorganic bases such as alkali metals or alkaline earth metal hydrogen carbonates; amines [for example, tertiary amines (trialkylamines such as triethylamine, aromatic tertiary amines such as N, N-dimethylaniline) , Heterocyclic tertiary amines such as 1-methylimidazole, etc.], and organic bases such as carboxylic acid metal salts (such as alkali metal acetates or alkaline earth metal salts such as sodium acetate and calcium acetate). The catalyst (base catalyst) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The usage-amount of a catalyst can be adjusted according to the kind of catalyst, for example, 0.001-1 weight part (for example, 0.003-0.3.0) with respect to 1 weight part of compounds represented by the said Formula (2A). 5 parts by weight), preferably 0.005 to 0.3 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.01 to 0.1 parts by weight.

The reaction may be performed in a solvent. The solvent is not particularly limited and can be selected according to the raw material to be used. For example, when using an alkylene oxide, an ether solvent (dialkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, Anisole, etc.), halogen solvents (halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride), hydrocarbon solvents (aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.). When alkylene carbonate is used, in addition to the solvents exemplified above, alcohols (C _1-4 alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, (poly) C ₂ such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol) are used. _-3 alkylene glycol, etc.) may be used. The amount of the solvent to be used is, for example, 1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 1.5 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably about 2 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the compound represented by the formula (2A). It may be.

  The reaction is often performed at, for example, about 0 to 170 ° C., preferably 10 to 150 ° C., more preferably about 20 to 130 ° C., depending on the type of compound to be added (alkylene oxide, alkylene carbonate) and the like. In particular, when alkylene carbonate is used, in order to efficiently perform the decarboxylation reaction, for example, the reaction is often performed at 70 to 150 ° C, preferably about 80 to 120 ° C. The reaction time is, for example, 30 minutes to 48 hours, usually 1 to 24 hours, preferably about 2 to 10 hours.

  The reaction may be performed with stirring, may be performed in air or in an inert atmosphere (such as nitrogen or a rare gas), or may be performed under normal pressure or under pressure. Moreover, you may react, removing the gas (carbon dioxide etc.) which generate | occur | produces as needed.

  The target product (compound represented by formula (2)) may be purified from the reaction mixture after completion of the reaction using a conventional purification method (extraction, crystallization, etc.).

(Method (2))
In the method (2), examples of the compound represented by the formula (2B) include fluorenones such as 9-fluorenone. The purity of the compound represented by formula (2B) used in the reaction (fluorenones) is not particularly limited, but may be usually 95% by weight or more, preferably 99% by weight or more.

In the method (2), examples of the compound represented by the formula (2C) include alkylene glycol mono (naphthyl) ethers {for example, C _2-4 alkylene glycol mononaphthyl ether [ethylene glycol mono (2- Naphthyl) ether, propylene glycol mono (2-naphthyl) ether, etc.], etc.] in the above formula (2C); dialkylene glycol mono (naphthyl) ethers [for example, diC _2-4 Examples thereof include alcohols in which m is 2 or more in the formula (2C) such as alkylene glycol mono (naphthyl) ether (such as diethylene glycol mono (2-naphthyl) ether).

  The purity of the compound (alcohol) represented by the formula (2C) is not particularly limited, but is usually 95% by weight or more, preferably 97% by weight or more, more preferably 99% by weight or more. Good.

  The reaction may be performed in the presence of a catalyst. Usually, an acid catalyst can be used as the catalyst. Examples of the acid catalyst include inorganic acids [sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride, hydrochloric acid (5 to 36% by weight, preferably about 20 to 36% by weight aqueous hydrogen chloride solution), phosphoric acid and the like], organic acids [sulfonic acid (methanesulfone). And alkane sulfonic acids such as acids). The sulfuric acid includes dilute sulfuric acid (for example, about 30 to 90% by weight sulfuric acid), concentrated sulfuric acid (for example, sulfuric acid having a concentration of 90% by weight or more), fuming sulfuric acid, and the like, and can be converted into sulfuric acid in the reaction system. For example, sulfur trioxide may be used as the sulfuric acid precursor. A solid acid (such as a cation exchange resin) may be used. The acid catalysts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In addition to the acid catalyst, thiols as a co-catalyst may be used in combination. Examples of thiols include conventional thiols that function as promoters, such as mercaptocarboxylic acids (mercaptoacetic acid, β-mercaptopropionic acid, α-mercaptopropionic acid, thioglycolic acid, mercaptosuccinic acid, mercaptobenzoic acid, etc.) Thiocarboxylic acid (thioacetic acid, thiooxalic acid, etc.), alkyl mercaptan (methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, propyl mercaptan, isopropyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, dodecyl mercaptan, etc., C _1-16 alkyl mercaptan (especially C _1-4 alkyl mercaptan) Etc.), aralkyl mercaptan (such as benzyl mercaptan) or a salt thereof. Examples of the salt include alkali metal salts (sodium salt and the like). Among these thiols, mercapto C _2-6 carboxylic acid (for example, β-mercaptopropionic acid) is preferable. Thiols can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The reaction (liquid phase reaction) is carried out using a reaction solvent such as an aromatic solvent (aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, anisole, etc.), an ether solvent (dialkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, etc. , Cyclic ethers such as dioxane, etc.), halogen solvents (halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc.) and the like.

  Although reaction temperature is not specifically limited, For example, 20-200 degreeC, Preferably it is 40-180 degreeC, More preferably, about 50-150 degreeC may be sufficient. Moreover, reaction time can be adjusted according to the kind of raw material, reaction temperature, the density | concentration in a solvent, etc., for example, 30 minutes-48 hours, Usually 1 to 24 hours, Preferably it may be about 1 to 10 hours. Good.

  The reaction may be performed with stirring, may be performed in air or in an inert atmosphere (nitrogen, rare gas, etc.), or may be performed at normal pressure or under pressure. The reaction may be performed while dehydrating.

  The target product (compound represented by formula (2)) may be purified from the reaction mixture after completion of the reaction using a conventional purification method (extraction, crystallization, etc.).

  As described above, the compound represented by the formula (2) is obtained. The compound represented by the formula (2) obtained by the reaction (or the compound used for the reaction with the compound represented by the formula (3)) may be a single compound, It may be a mixture containing a plurality of compounds represented by (2). For example, the compound represented by the formula (2) is a mixture of a compound in which m is 1 in the formula (2) and a compound in which m is 2 or more (for example, 2) in the formula (2). There may be. In such a mixture, the proportion of the single compound is, for example, 70% by weight or more (for example, 75 to 99.9% by weight), preferably 80% by weight or more (for example, 85 to 99.7% by weight), Preferably, it may be 90% by weight or more (for example, about 95 to 99.5% by weight).

In the compound represented by the formula (3), examples of the halogen atom represented by the group R ⁵ include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a chlorine atom and a bromine atom (especially a chlorine atom). preferable. Specific compounds represented by the formula (3) include epihalohydrins [or halomethyloxiranes such as epichlorohydrin (chloromethyloxirane), epibromohydrin (bromomethyloxirane), etc.], 1-halomethyl- 2-methyloxirane (1-chloromethyl-2-methyloxirane etc.) etc. are mentioned.

  In the reaction with the compound represented by the formula (2), the ratio of the compound represented by the formula (3) is, for example, 1 mol of the hydroxyl group of the compound represented by the formula (2). It may be about 2 to 30 mol, preferably 2.1 to 25 mol, more preferably 2.5 to 20 mol, particularly 3 to 15 mol (for example, 3 to 10 mol).

  In the reaction (reaction between the compound represented by the formula (2) and the compound represented by the formula (3)), a catalyst may be appropriately used. Examples of the catalyst include a base (base catalyst), for example, a metal carbonate (an alkali metal such as sodium carbonate or an alkaline earth metal carbonate, an alkali metal such as sodium hydrogencarbonate or an alkaline earth metal bicarbonate), a carboxylic acid, and the like. Metal salt (such as alkali metal acetate or alkaline earth metal salt such as sodium acetate and calcium acetate), metal hydroxide (alkaline metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, alkaline earth such as calcium hydroxide) Metal hydroxides, inorganic bases such as ammonia; amines [eg, tertiary amines (trialkylamines such as triethylamine, triisopropylamine and tributylamine, benzyldialkylamines such as benzyldimethylamine, N, N -Aromatic tertiary amines such as dimethylaniline, pyri And heterocyclic tertiary amines), such as down, basic ion exchange resin (e.g., a strong basic anion exchange resin having a quaternary ammonium salt) and organic bases, and others. The bases may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The amount of the catalyst (for example, a base catalyst) used depends on the type of the catalyst, but is, for example, 0.01 to 10 mol, preferably 0 with respect to 1 mol of the compound represented by the formula (2). It may be about 0.05 to 5 mol, more preferably about 0.1 to 3 mol.

The reaction may be performed in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. Examples of the phase transfer catalyst include ammonium salts [eg, tetraalkylammonium salts (eg, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, methyltrioctylammonium chloride, methyltridecylammonium Tetra C _1-20 alkyl ammonium halides such as chloride), aralkyl trialkyl ammonium salts (eg, benzyl tri C _1-4 alkyl ammonium halides such as benzyltrimethylammonium chloride) and the like. The phase transfer catalysts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The amount of the phase transfer catalyst used is, for example, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the compound represented by the formula (2) and the compound represented by the formula (3). Preferably, it may be about 0.2 to 10 parts by weight (for example, 0.3 to 8 parts by weight), more preferably about 0.5 to 5 parts by weight (for example, 1 to 5 parts by weight).

  The reaction may be performed in the absence of a solvent or in a solvent. Solvents (organic solvents) include hydrocarbons (aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and octane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene), halogenated hydrocarbons (methylene chloride, chloroform, etc.) And carbon tetrachloride), ether solvents (dialkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, anisole and the like), ketones (dialkyl ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone), and the like. The solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, when the said catalyst is a liquid, you may use the said catalyst as a solvent.

  The reaction temperature and reaction time can be appropriately selected according to the type of raw material used. The reaction temperature may be, for example, 30 to 120 ° C, preferably 35 to 100 ° C, more preferably about 40 to 70 ° C. The reaction time may be, for example, 30 minutes to 48 hours, usually 1 to 36 hours, preferably about 2 to 24 hours.

  The reaction may be performed while refluxing or may be performed while removing by-products. The reaction may be performed with stirring, may be performed in air or in an inert atmosphere (such as nitrogen or a rare gas), and may be performed under normal pressure, increased pressure, or reduced pressure. In particular, when the reaction is performed under reduced pressure, coloring can be reduced and the reaction time can be shortened.

  In addition, the produced | generated compound (compound represented by said Formula (1)) combined separation means, such as filtration, concentration, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, column chromatography, etc., and these by the usual method. Separation and purification may be performed by separation means.

  In addition, the compound obtained by reaction may be a single compound of the compound represented by the formula (1) or a mixture containing a plurality of compounds represented by the formula (1). For example, the compound represented by the formula (1) is a mixture of a compound in which m is 1 in the formula (1) and a compound in which m is 2 or more (for example, 2) in the formula (1). There may be. In such a mixture, the ratio of the single compound among the compounds represented by the formula (1) is, for example, 60% by weight or more (for example, 62 to 99.9% by weight), preferably 65% by weight or more. (For example, 67 to 99.5% by weight), more preferably 70% by weight or more (for example, 72 to 99% by weight).

  In addition, the compound produced by the reaction may be a compound that does not belong to the category of the compound represented by the formula (1) [for example, 2 in the formula (1), as long as the properties as a product are not impaired. A compound in which one m is 0; in the formula (1), one m is 0 and the other m is 1 or more; 1 mol per 1 mol of the compound represented by the formula (2) The compound represented by the formula (3) may be added (reacted), etc.]. In such a mixture, the ratio of the compound represented by the formula (1) to the whole mixture is, for example, 65% by weight or more (for example, 68 to 99.9% by weight), preferably 70% by weight or more (for example, 75 to 99.7% by weight), more preferably about 80 to 99.5% by weight.

[Characteristics and Use of Compound Represented by Formula (1)]
The compound of the present invention (the compound represented by the formula (1) or the compound obtained by the method) has a fluorene skeleton (specifically, 9,9-bis (condensed polycyclic aryl) fluorene skeleton). And have characteristics unique to the fluorene skeleton, such as high heat resistance, high refractive index, and low linear expansion. Moreover, despite having such a fluorene skeleton, the melt viscosity is small. Therefore, the compound of this invention is excellent in the handleability as an epoxy compound (epoxy resin). For example, the melt viscosity (rotation speed 900 rpm) of the compound of the present invention at 150 ° C. is, for example, 10 to 1500 mPa · s (eg, 20 to 1000 mPa · s), preferably 30 to 800 mPa · s (eg, 40 to 700 mPa · s). s), more preferably about 50 to 600 mPa · s (for example, 60 to 50 mPa · s).

In particular, among the compounds of the present invention, the melt viscosity at 150 ° C. (rotation speed: 900 rpm) of the compound in which the group R ² is a branched alkylene group such as a propylene group in the formula (1) is, for example, 10 to 500 mPa · s. (For example, 15 to 400 mPa · s), preferably 20 to 300 mPa · s (for example, 25 to 250 mPa · s), more preferably about 30 to 200 mPa · s (for example, 40 to 150 mPa · s). Usually, it may be about 40 to 300 mPa · s.

  The melt viscosity is a value measured by a cone-and-plate (cone and plate) type melt viscometer (such as cone 3).

  In addition, the epoxy equivalent of the compound of this invention may be 400-1500 g / eq, for example, Preferably it is 410-1200 g / eq, More preferably, about 420-1000 g / eq may be sufficient.

  As described above, the compound of the present invention has characteristics such as high heat resistance and excellent handling properties, and can be used as a thermosetting resin raw material, an additive (such as a curing agent) and the like. For example, the compound of the present invention may be used as it is as an epoxy resin or as a thermosetting resin material such as epoxy (meth) acrylate. In such various uses, the compound is not only a compound represented by the formula (1) but also a multimer (a dimer, a trimer, etc.) of the compound represented by the formula (1). There may be. Moreover, the mixture of the compound represented by the said Formula (1) and the said multimer may be sufficient. The ratio of such multimers is, for example, 0 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the compound represented by the formula (1). About 10 to 10 parts by weight (for example, 0.5 to 8 parts by weight) may be used.

  The epoxy resin may usually constitute an epoxy resin composition containing a curing agent or the like.

  In the epoxy resin composition, the epoxy resin (epoxy resin component) may be composed of only the compound or may be combined with other epoxy resins. Other epoxy resins include glycidyl ether type epoxy resins, such as bisphenol type epoxy resins (bisphenol A type epoxy resins, bisphenol F type epoxy resins, etc.), phenol novolac type epoxy resins, cresol novolac type epoxy resins, dicyclopentadiene modified Phenol (or cresol) novolac type epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin, triphenolalkane type epoxy resin (such as triphenolmethane type epoxy resin), phenol aralkyl type epoxy resin, heterocyclic type epoxy resin (epoxy resin containing xanthene unit) ), Stilbene type epoxy resins, condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbon modified epoxy resins (1,6-bis (glycidyloxy) naphthalene, bis (2,7-bis (glycidyloxy)) ) Naphthalene) naphthalene ring-containing epoxy resins such as alkanes, etc.), glycidyl ester type epoxy resins, other epoxy resins having a fluorene skeleton [for example, 9,9-bis (glycidyloxyphenyl) fluorenes, 9,9-bis [ (2-glycidyloxy (poly) ethoxy) phenyl] fluorenes, etc.). These other epoxy resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  When using another epoxy resin, the ratio of the compound to the whole epoxy resin component may be, for example, about 50 to 99% by weight, preferably about 60 to 98% by weight, and more preferably about 70 to 95% by weight. .

  The epoxy resin composition may contain a diluent, a curing agent, a curing accelerator, and the like as necessary.

  Diluents include reactive diluents, non-reactive diluents (solvents) and the like.

  Examples of the reactive diluent include monofunctional epoxy group-containing compounds (for example, alkyl glycidyl ethers such as 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, alkenyl glycidyl ethers such as allyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, p-t-butyl. Glycidyl ethers such as aryl glycidyl ethers such as phenyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl ethers of phenol alkylene oxide adducts, glycidyl ethers of alkylene oxide adducts corresponding to these compounds; octylene oxide, styrene oxide, 4-vinyl Alkene oxides such as cyclohexene monooxide), polyfunctional epoxy compounds [for example, diglycidyl ether, polyol polyglycidyl ether (butanedio Rudiglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether alkanediol diglycidyl ethers, trimethylolpropane di to triglycidyl ether, glycerin di to triglycidyl ether, polyglycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene Glycol diglycidyl ether), diglycidyl aniline, cyclohexane dimethanol diglycidyl ether, alkylene diglycidyl ether, cycloalkene oxides (eg vinylcyclohexene dioxide, methylated vinylcyclohexene dioxide, etc.) Etc.]. These reactive diluents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In the epoxy resin composition, the ratio of the reactive diluent is, for example, 1 to 1000 weights with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin (when other epoxy resin is used, the total amount with the above compound, the same applies hereinafter). Part, preferably 5 to 500 parts by weight, more preferably about 10 to 200 parts by weight.

  Examples of the solvent (or solvent) include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran; glycols such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether. Ethers; alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetates such as methyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene; ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone; acetic acid Methyl, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl lactate, lactate ester Le like esters such as. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The use amount (addition amount) of the solvent can be selected from the range of 0 to 500 parts by weight, for example, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin, for example, 10 to 400 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 300 parts by weight, and more preferably. May be about 30 to 200 parts by weight.

  Examples of the curing agent include amine-based curing agents [in particular, primary amines such as chain aliphatic amines (for example, chain aliphatic polyamines such as ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine). Cycloaliphatic amines (eg mensendiamine, isophoronediamine, bis (4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl) methane, 3,9-bis (3-aminopropyl) -2,4,8,10-tetraoxa Monocyclic aliphatic polyamines such as spiro (5.5) undecane; bridged cyclic polyamines such as norbornane diamine), araliphatic polyamines such as xylylenediamine, aromatic amines such as metaphenylenediamine, Diaminodiphenylmethane etc.)], polyaminoamide type hard Agents, acid anhydride curing agents (for example, aliphatic acid anhydrides such as dodecenyl succinic anhydride and polyadipic anhydride; tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride Aliphatic acid anhydrides such as acid, methylhymic anhydride, methylcyclohexene dicarboxylic acid anhydride; aromatic acids such as phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, benzophenonetetracarboxylic anhydride Anhydride), phenol resin-based curing agents (for example, novolak resins such as phenol novolac resin and cresol novolak resin) and the like. These curing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In the epoxy resin composition, the proportion of the curing agent may be 0.1 to 600 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 500 parts by weight, and more preferably about 10 to 400 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin. Good. In particular, the ratio of the curing agent is 0.1 to 4.0 equivalents, preferably 0.3 to 2.0 equivalents, more preferably 0.1 to 4.0 equivalents of the functional group of the curing agent with respect to 1 equivalent of the epoxy group of the epoxy resin. May adjust the ratio of both components so that it may become 0.5-1.5 equivalent.

  Examples of the curing accelerator include amines [eg, tertiary amines (eg, triethylamine, benzyldimethylamine, triethanolamine, dimethylaminoethanol, tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 1,8-diazabicyclo]. (5.4.0) undecene-1, etc.), imidazoles (eg, alkylimidazoles such as 2-methylimidazole; arylimidazoles such as 2-phenylimidazole) and derivatives thereof (eg, phenol salts, phenol novolac salts, Carbonates, formates, etc.)], alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxides, phosphines, amide compounds (such as dimer acid polyamides), Lewis acid complex compounds (such as boron trifluoride / ethylamine complexes), sulfur compounds [ Risarufaido, mercaptan compound (thiol compound), etc.], boron compounds (phenyl dichloroborane, etc.), condensable organic metal compound (an organic titanium compound, an organoaluminum compound) and the like. The curing accelerators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The ratio (addition amount) of the curing accelerator is, for example, 0.01 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 20 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin. It may be a degree.

  In addition, the epoxy resin composition includes conventional additives such as colorants, stabilizers (thermal stabilizers, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, etc.), fillers, antistatic agents, flame retardants, flame retardant aids, and the like. May be included. You may use an additive individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

  The compound of the present invention has excellent properties such as heat resistance, and has a low melt viscosity, and therefore has high handling properties. Therefore, the compound of the present invention is an alkali-soluble compound described in, for example, an epoxy resin, a heat or photocurable resin raw material (epoxy (meth) acrylate raw material, novolac resin raw material, etc.), or a photosensitive resin raw material (eg, Japanese Patent No. 2878486). When used as a resin raw material, etc., high heat resistance and curability can be imparted to an epoxy resin or a heat or photocurable resin (or a cured product thereof), which is extremely useful.

  Moreover, it can also be used as a hardening | curing agent etc. and the heat resistance excellent in the thermosetting resin (or its hardened | cured material) to combine can be provided.

  Furthermore, a cured product of a thermosetting resin (such as an epoxy resin) using the compound of the present invention has a characteristic of low bending elasticity at high temperatures, and is highly useful. For example, even when the compound of the present invention (or a cured product thereof) is used in an application where a gas such as water vapor is generated at a high temperature (such as a semiconductor encapsulant application), the gas can be easily discharged. .

  Such a compound of the present invention (or a cured product obtained using the compound of the present invention) is specifically an insulating material between layers of electronic components, a solder resist for printed circuit boards, a resist material such as a coverlay, In addition to being useful as a semiconductor sealing material, it is also useful as any electrical / electronic material such as a color filter, printing ink, sealing agent (semiconductor sealing agent, etc.), paint, coating agent, adhesive and the like. It can also be used in fields such as molding materials, adhesives, composite materials and paints.

  Thermosetting resins such as novolak resins include, for example, curing agents [for example, curing agents for epoxy resins (such as curing agents for epoxy resins for semiconductor encapsulation)], adhesives, paints (such as undercoat paints), and rubbers. Compounding agents, binders (binders for grindstones, abrasive papers, friction materials, etc.), laminated materials (or laminated products such as copper-clad laminates, laminated tubes, laminated bars, etc.), thermal materials (for thermal papers) Materials), carbon materials, insulating materials, foams, pressure-sensitive materials (pressure-sensitive paper materials, etc.), shell molds, various resin materials (raw materials for novolac epoxy resins, resin binders, etc.), molded bodies (electrical / electronic parts) Moldings, thin films, etc.), substrates or circuit forming materials (resist for semiconductor manufacturing, printed wiring boards, transparent substrates, etc.), image forming materials (printing plate materials, relief images, etc.), resists (resist for semiconductor manufacturing, etc.) Layer film (hard mask) can be applied to various applications such as.

Furthermore, photocurable resins such as epoxy (meth) acrylate resins include ink materials, light emitting materials (for example, light emitting materials for organic EL), organic semiconductors, graphitized precursors, gas separation membranes (for example, CO ₂ gas). Separation membranes, etc.), coating agents (for example, optical overcoat agents such as coating agents for LED (light emitting diode) elements, hard coating agents, etc.), lenses [for pickup lenses (eg, DVD (digital versatile discs)) Pickup lens, etc.), microlens (eg, microlens for liquid crystal projector), spectacle lens, etc.], polarizing film (eg, polarizing film for liquid crystal display), antireflection film (or antireflection film, eg, for display device) Anti-reflection film, etc.), touch panel film, flexible substrate film Film, display films [eg, PDP (plasma display), LCD (liquid crystal display), VFD (vacuum fluorescent display), SED (surface conduction electron-emitting device display), FED (field emission display), NED (nano-emissive) -Films for displays (particularly thin displays) such as displays), cathode ray tubes, electronic paper (filters, protective films, etc.)], membranes for fuel cells, optical fibers, optical waveguides, holograms, etc.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  In the examples, various measurements were performed as follows.

(HPLC)
Using a reverse phase column (ODS-80TM) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, water / acetonitrile (weight ratio) = 30/70 for 30 minutes at 254 nm, then water / acetonitrile (weight ratio) = 0/100 For 30 minutes.

(NMR)
¹ H-NMR spectra were recorded on a JEOL GTX-400 spectrometer using tetramethylsilane as internal standard and CDCl ₃ as solvent.

(Melt viscosity)
Using an ICI viscometer (cone & plate type, viscometer CAP2000 + H manufactured by Brookfield), the temperature was measured at 150 ° C. with cone 3 at 900 rpm.

(Epoxy equivalent)
Using an automatic titrator (GT-100, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), titration was performed with a perchloric acid solution (acetic acid).
(FD-MS)
Measurement was carried out with an electric field desorption mass spectrum (JEOL JMS-700) at an acceleration voltage of 8 kV, a counter voltage of 2 kV, and an emitter current of 0-40 mA.

(Synthesis Example 1)
In a 10 L separable flask, 450 g (1.0 mol) of 9,9-bis (6-hydroxy-2-naphthyl) fluorene (BNF, manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.), 881 g (10 mol) of ethylene carbonate and a solvent were used. After adding 1500 g (17 mol) of diethylene glycol and adding 10 g of 1-methylimidazole (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a catalyst, the mixture was heated to 100 ° C. and reacted for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, 5000 ml of isopropyl alcohol was added and cooled to 10 ° C. to obtain 61 g of white powder. As a result of analyzing the obtained white powder, the target compound (compound represented by the following formula) in which 2 mol of oxyethylene group (ethoxy group) was added to 1 mol of BNF used as a raw material with a purity of 95.7% by HPLC , Molecular weight measured by FD-MS = 530 (peak), referred to as BNF-EO).

¹ H-NMR (CDCl ₃ , δ): 3.8 ppm (t, 4H), 4.0-4.2 ppm (t, 6H), 7.0-7.7 ppm (m, 18H), 7.9 ppm ( d, 2H).

(Synthesis Example 2)
As a result of synthesis in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 1029 g of propylene carbonate was used instead of 881 g of ethylene carbonate in Synthesis Example 1, 420 g of white powder was obtained. As a result of analyzing the obtained white powder, the target compound (compound represented by the following formula) in which 2 mol of oxypropylene group (propoxy group) was added to 1 mol of BNF used as a raw material with a purity of 86.3% by HPLC (Referred to as BNF-PO) (8.7% of the compound having 3 mol of oxypropylene group added to 1 mol of BNF, and 4. of the compound having 1 mol of oxypropylene group added to 1 mol of BNF). 3%).

¹ H-NMR (CDCl ₃ , δ): 1.2 ppm (d, 6H), 3.8-4.2 ppm (t, 7H), 7.1-7.7 ppm (m, 18H), 7.9 ppm ( d, 2H).

Example 1
In a 300 ml separable flask equipped with a Dean Stark and a reflux tube, 62.4 g (0.12 mol) of the compound obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and 89.2 g (0, chloromethyloxirane (special grade, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.)) 0.9 mol) and 2.0 g of tetramethylammonium chloride (special grade, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) were added and dissolved by heating at 60 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, 5 g of flaky sodium hydroxide (special grade, manufactured by Futaba Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added in small portions within 100 minutes so as to keep the temperature at 60 ° C. or lower (45 to 55 ° C.).

  During the reaction, produced water was discharged out of the system by azeotropy together with chloromethyloxirane, and chloromethyloxirane was returned to the system. As a result of stirring with heating while maintaining the temperature at 60 ° C. or lower (45 to 55 ° C.) for 5 hours after adding sodium hydroxide, disappearance of BNF-EO as a raw material was confirmed by HPLC. Thereafter, 200 ml of water was added to terminate the reaction. Further, the aqueous layer was discarded together with sodium chloride produced during the reaction, the organic layer was transferred to a 1 L eggplant-shaped flask, and chloromethyloxirane was concentrated and removed with an evaporator at 130 ° C. under heating conditions to obtain a pale yellow viscous product. .

  Subsequently, methyl isobutyl ketone (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added and dissolved by heating to 70 ° C., then transferred to a 1 L separable flask, heated to 85 ° C., and 12 g of 30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour while maintaining at 85 ° C. or lower (80 to 85 ° C.). Thereafter, 200 ml of water was added to terminate the reaction, and washing was performed to remove the generated sodium chloride. Furthermore, 200 g of ion-exchanged water was added and the aqueous layer was discarded. This operation was repeated 5 times until the pH became neutral (pH 7). The obtained product was transferred to an eggplant-shaped flask, and methyl isobutyl ketone was removed at 80 ° C. or lower (60 to 80 ° C.) with an evaporator. Then, it dried at 90 degreeC in the dryer for 5 hours, and obtained 79.0g of yellow transparent viscous substances. The yield of this viscous product was 57%.

  The viscosity of the resulting viscous product was 4.9% for a compound in which one chloromethyloxirane was added to BNF-EO, 85.2% for the target product in which two were added (the following formula), a dimer ( The dimer of the compound represented by the following formula) was 4.9%. And the melt viscosity in 150 degreeC of the obtained viscous material was 431 mPa * s, and the epoxy equivalent was 420 g / eq.

¹ H-NMR (CDCl ₃ , δ): 2.5-2.8 ppm (d, 4H), 3.1 ppm (t, 2H), 3.3-3.4 ppm (d, 2H), 3.7- 4.0 ppm (m, 6H), 4.1 ppm (t, 4H), 7.1-7.7 ppm (m, 18H), 7.9 ppm (d, 2H)
Molecular weight measured by FD-MS = 649.

(Example 2)
In Example 1, it replaced with 62.4g of compounds obtained in Synthesis Example 1, and replaced with 65.5g (0.12 mol) of compounds obtained in Synthesis Example 2 in the same manner as Example 1. As a result of the reaction, disappearance of the raw materials was confirmed 14 hours after the start of the reaction, and 42.4 g of a pale yellow viscous product was obtained. The yield of this viscous product was 54.0%.

  The HPLC purity of the resulting viscous product was 9.5% for a compound obtained by adding one chloromethyloxirane to BNF-PO, 73.1% for a target product obtained by adding two (formula below), dimer ( 14.8% of the compound represented by the following formula). And the melt viscosity in 150 degreeC of the obtained viscous material was 101 mPa * s, and epoxy equivalent was 439.1 g / eq.

(Comparative Example 1)
54 g (0.12 mol) of 9,9-bis [2- (6-hydroxynaphthyl)] fluorene (BNF, manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.) 88 g (0.12 mol) of chloromethyloxirane (special grade, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.96 mol), 2.0 g of benzyltriethylammonium chloride (special grade, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 1 hour. Next, under reduced pressure (650 mmHg), 30 g of a 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise at 45 ° C. over 1.5 hours. Meanwhile, the water produced was removed from the system by azeotropy with chloromethyloxirane, and the distilled chloromethyloxirane was returned to the system. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was continued for another 3 hours. Then, the salt produced | generated by filtration was removed, and also after washing with water, chloromethyl oxirane was distilled off until solid content became 50%, and 300g of methanol was added. The precipitated crystals were separated by filtration and dried to obtain a white powder.

  The HPLC purity of the obtained white powder was 90.1% for the target product (the following formula) in which two chloromethyloxiranes were added to BNF.

  The resulting white powder had a very high melt viscosity of 2890 mPa · s at 180 ° C., indicating poor handling properties. In addition, since it did not fuse at 150 ° C., the viscosity could not be measured. The epoxy equivalent was 299 g / eq.

Claims (7)

A compound represented by the following formula (1).

(In the formula, ring Z represents a naphthalene ring, R ¹ represents a cyano group, a halogen atom or an alkyl group, R ² represents an alkylene group, R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R ⁴ represents a hydrocarbon group, Alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkyloxy, alkylthio, cycloalkylthio, arylthio, aralkylthio, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, cyano or substituted amino Represents a group, k is an integer of 0 to 4, m is an integer of 1 or more, n is 0 or an integer of 1 or more, and p is an integer of 1 or more.) The compound according to claim 1, wherein in formula (1) , R ² is a C _2-4 alkylene group, and m is 1 to 4.   The compound according to claim 1, wherein p is 1 to 3 in formula (1). The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the formula (1), R ² is a branched C _3-4 alkylene group. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a compound represented by the following formula (1A).

(In the formula, n1 and n2 each represent an integer of 0 to 3, n1 + n2 = n, and R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , k, m, n, and p are the same as above.) The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is 9,9-bis (glycidyloxy C _2-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is 9,9-bis (glycidyloxy branched C _3-4 alkoxynaphthyl) fluorene.