JP5242549B2 - 基板表面に共蒸着層を形成する方法 - Google Patents
基板表面に共蒸着層を形成する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5242549B2 JP5242549B2 JP2009502902A JP2009502902A JP5242549B2 JP 5242549 B2 JP5242549 B2 JP 5242549B2 JP 2009502902 A JP2009502902 A JP 2009502902A JP 2009502902 A JP2009502902 A JP 2009502902A JP 5242549 B2 JP5242549 B2 JP 5242549B2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/246—Replenishment of source material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/54—Controlling or regulating the coating process
- C23C14/548—Controlling the composition
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Description
a)蒸発した材料が基板表面に供給可能になるように配設された混合マニホールドを提供すること;
b)第1および第2の材料を別個に蒸発させるように、蒸発した材料が混合マニホールド内に供給可能になるように配設された第1および第2の加熱素子を提供すること;および、
c)制御された速度で第1および第2の材料を計量して(metering)第1および第2の加熱素子それぞれに供給して、金属を含んだ蒸発した材料を混合マニホールドに供給し、そこで第1および第2の材料を混合した後、基板表面に堆積させて金属を含んだ層を形成することを含み、前記第2の材料は、第1領域において、能動的に冷却されて、その蒸発温度よりも低く保持されると共に、ピストンによりチャンバ内で上昇して、チャンバの出口に設けられ、かつ第2の領域内の混合マニホールドの開口部に設けられ、第1の領域と第2の領域との境界を定める第2の加熱素子に供給され、前記第2の加熱素子により加熱されて蒸発された前記第2の材料が前記混合マニホールド内に供給され、前記第1の材料は、第2の領域において、供給構造により前記混合マニホールドの前記第2の加熱素子の配設位置とは異なる位置の開口部に設けられた第1の加熱素子に供給されて加熱され、前記第1の加熱素子により加熱されて蒸発された前記第1の材料が前記混合マニホールド内に供給され、前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間には急峻な温度勾配が存在する方法によって達成される。
上式中、Q1およびQ2は独立して、芳香族第三級アミン部分の中から選択され、Gは、結合基(例えば、炭素−炭素結合のアリーレン基、シクロアルキレン基、アルキレン基など)である。
上式中、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子、アリール基、アルキル基のいずれかを表わすか、R1およびR2は合わさって、シクロアルキル基を完成させる原子を表わし、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立してアリール基を表わし、そのアリール基は、構造式Cに示したように、ジアリール置換されたアミノ基によって置換されている。
上式中、R5とおよびR6は独立して、アリール基の中から選択される。一実施形態では、R5およびR6のうちの少なくとも一方は、多環縮合環構造(例えばナフタレン)を含んでいる。
上式中、それぞれのAreは独立して、アリーレン基(例えばフェニレン部分またはアントラセン部分)の中から選択され、nは1〜4の整数であり、Ar、R7、R8、R9は独立して、アリール基の中から選択される。
上式中、Mは金属を表わし、nは1〜3の整数であり、Zは各々独立して、少なくとも2つの縮合芳香族環を有する核を完成させる原子を表わす。
Claims (5)
- 第1および第2の別個に蒸発した材料を混合して基板表面に堆積させることにより、第1の材料が金属を含み第2の材料が非金属である層を形成する方法であって、
a)蒸発した材料が基板表面に供給可能になるように配設された混合マニホールドを提供すること;
b)第1および第2の材料を別個に蒸発させるように、前記蒸発した材料が前記混合マニホールド内に供給可能になるように配設された第1および第2の加熱素子を提供すること;および、
c)制御された速度で前記第1および第2の材料を計量して前記第1および第2の加熱素子それぞれに供給して、金属を含んだ蒸発した材料を前記混合マニホールドに供給し、そこで前記第1および第2の材料を混合した後、前記基板表面に堆積させて前記金属を含んだ層を形成することを含み、
前記第2の材料は、第1領域において、能動的に冷却されて、その蒸発温度よりも低く保持されると共に、ピストンによりチャンバ内で上昇して、チャンバの出口に設けられ、かつ第2の領域内の混合マニホールドの開口部に設けられ、第1の領域と第2の領域との境界を定める第2の加熱素子に供給され、前記第2の加熱素子により加熱されて蒸発された前記第2の材料が前記混合マニホールド内に供給され、
前記第1の材料は、第2の領域において、供給構造により前記混合マニホールドの前記第2の加熱素子の配設位置とは異なる位置の開口部に設けられた第1の加熱素子に供給されて加熱され、前記第1の加熱素子により加熱されて蒸発された前記第1の材料が前記混合マニホールド内に供給され、
前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間には急峻な温度勾配が存在する
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記第1の材料が細長状部材の形態であり、前記計量するステップが前記第1の加熱素子と接触させた状態で前記細長状部材を維持することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の材料が、4.5eV未満の仕事関数を有する反応性金属または還元性金属を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の材料がAl、Li、Cs、Mg、Ca、Ba、またはAgを含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の材料が1つ以上の成分を有する有機材料を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/392,004 | 2006-03-29 | ||
US11/392,004 US20070231490A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2006-03-29 | Uniformly vaporizing metals and organic materials |
PCT/US2007/007326 WO2007126719A2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2007-03-22 | Uniformly vaporizing metals and organic materials |
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JP2009531550A JP2009531550A (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
JP5242549B2 true JP5242549B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
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JP2009502902A Active JP5242549B2 (ja) | 2006-03-29 | 2007-03-22 | 基板表面に共蒸着層を形成する方法 |
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US (1) | US20070231490A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1999290B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5242549B2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI425692B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007126719A2 (ja) |
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DE102008011185A1 (de) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer dotierten organischen halbleitenden Schicht |
KR101233629B1 (ko) * | 2011-04-13 | 2013-02-15 | 에스엔유 프리시젼 주식회사 | 대용량 박막형성용 증착장치 |
CN104540975A (zh) * | 2012-08-13 | 2015-04-22 | 株式会社钟化 | 真空蒸镀装置以及有机el装置的制造方法 |
US9527107B2 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2016-12-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus to apply material to a surface |
KR102098455B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-04-07 | 주식회사 포스코 | 연속 증착 장치 및 연속 증착 방법 |
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US2447789A (en) * | 1945-03-23 | 1948-08-24 | Polaroid Corp | Evaporating crucible for coating apparatus |
US4885211A (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1989-12-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electroluminescent device with improved cathode |
US4769292A (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1988-09-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electroluminescent device with modified thin film luminescent zone |
JPH03215660A (ja) * | 1990-01-19 | 1991-09-20 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 金属蒸着用るつぼ |
JPH06176871A (ja) * | 1992-12-04 | 1994-06-24 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 有機el素子 |
JP2000340365A (ja) * | 1999-05-25 | 2000-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 有機電界発光素子 |
US6676990B1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2004-01-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of depositing aluminum-lithium alloy cathode in organic light emitting devices |
JP3858076B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2006-12-13 | 株式会社Hitzハイテクノロジー | 金属蒸着装置 |
JP2003155555A (ja) * | 2001-11-15 | 2003-05-30 | Eiko Engineering Co Ltd | 薄膜堆積用複合分子線源セル |
US6749906B2 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2004-06-15 | Eastman Kodak Company | Thermal physical vapor deposition apparatus with detachable vapor source(s) and method |
JP5072184B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-12 | 2012-11-14 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 成膜方法 |
US7079091B2 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2006-07-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Compensating for aging in OLED devices |
US6824950B2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-11-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Forming an oled device with a performance-inhancing layer |
US6936961B2 (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2005-08-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Cascaded organic electroluminescent device having connecting units with N-type and P-type organic layers |
JP4475968B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-29 | 2010-06-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 真空蒸着機 |
US7232588B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2007-06-19 | Eastman Kodak Company | Device and method for vaporizing temperature sensitive materials |
US7238389B2 (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2007-07-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Vaporizing fluidized organic materials |
US7192659B2 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2007-03-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | OLED device using reduced drive voltage |
US20050281948A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2005-12-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Vaporizing temperature sensitive materials |
-
2006
- 2006-03-29 US US11/392,004 patent/US20070231490A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2007
- 2007-03-22 JP JP2009502902A patent/JP5242549B2/ja active Active
- 2007-03-22 WO PCT/US2007/007326 patent/WO2007126719A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-03-22 EP EP07753913A patent/EP1999290B1/en active Active
- 2007-03-28 TW TW096110826A patent/TWI425692B/zh active
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JP2009531550A (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
EP1999290B1 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
TW200746493A (en) | 2007-12-16 |
EP1999290A2 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
US20070231490A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
WO2007126719A3 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
WO2007126719A2 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
TWI425692B (zh) | 2014-02-01 |
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