JP5136344B2 - Construction method of rectangular tunnel and rectangular tunnel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rectangular tunnel and a construction method of a rectangular tunnel, and a rectangular tunnel used as a road, a railway, or a common groove can be constructed by a shield construction method.

  Construction of underground tunnels generally requires a cover that is equal to or higher than the height of the tunnel, and in that respect, rectangular tunnels require a smaller excavation cross-section and tunnel height than circular tunnels with the same inner space. There are advantages such as small amount of excavated soil and shallow soil covering, and construction of the station in a shallow position.

  In addition, unlike a circular tunnel, the lining of a rectangular tunnel is generally made of a 4-piece lining (PC) plate, which consists of a precast concrete top plate and a floor plate, each with 2 pieces and a side wall plate with 2 pieces. Many pieces are joined by joint bolts or the like.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a box culvert that is used as a road or a waterway, and includes a top wall portion, both side wall portions, and a bottom wall portion, with both end portions of the top wall being formed thick. Has been.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a top plate member made of a precast concrete having a concave cross section is disposed between the upper ends of a pair of side walls made of precast concrete having a concave cross section so that the concave portion faces the outside. Describes a method for constructing a large box culvert that stretches over the wall.

  Further, in Patent Document 3, the ground of the tunnel and the floor are covered with a precast beam and a precast slab for tunnel construction that are continuous in the width direction of the tunnel, respectively. A tunnel construction method is described in which lining is performed by a precast pillar for tunnel construction.

JP 2001-303654 A JP 2004-218372 A JP 2007-56512 A

  However, the construction of a rectangular tunnel uses a large lining plate as described above for the lining of a natural ground, so the shield method that is forced to work in a narrow tunnel often uses segments with many divisions. It was extremely difficult to efficiently construct a rectangular tunnel using a large PC version.

  For this reason, until now, the rectangular tunnel has been constructed by the open-cut method at a relatively shallow position, and therefore it has been almost difficult to construct a complete rectangular tunnel by the shield method in an overcrowded urban area.

  Also, unlike a circular tunnel, a large bending force acts on a rectangular tunnel, and in particular, the joint between each piece is regarded as a weak point in strength, which often results in an expensive segment. There was also no effective joint method.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rectangular tunnel and a rectangular tunnel construction method capable of efficiently constructing a rectangular tunnel by a shield construction method.

The construction method of the rectangular tunnel according to claim 1 has joints at both ends in the width direction of the tunnel, and a top plate piece and a floor plate piece respectively installed on a ceiling portion and a floor portion of the tunnel, A construction method of a rectangular tunnel having joints connected to the joints at both upper and lower ends in the height direction, and comprising side wall pieces respectively installed on the left and right side walls of the tunnel, and the tunnel is dug by a shield machine The step of transporting the top plate piece, the floor plate piece and the left and right side wall pieces in the tunnel digging direction to the tail portion of the shield machine, respectively turning the top plate piece and the floor plate piece horizontally And a step of changing the direction of the tunnel in the width direction while swinging up and down, the top plate piece and the floor slab piece are placed on the ceiling and floor of the tunnel. Installing each of the left and right side wall pieces on the left and right side wall portions of the tunnel, installing the left and right side wall pieces between the top plate piece and the floor plate piece, and joining the joints together. It consists of a process and the process which slides the reinforcement frame previously attached to the side wall piece to the outer periphery of a joint junction part by sliding in the longitudinal direction of a side wall piece .

  The present invention makes it possible to efficiently construct a tunnel having a rectangular cross section by a shield construction method, thereby making it possible to economically construct an underground tunnel even in an overcrowded urban area.

  According to the present invention, the top plate, floor slab, and left and right side wall pieces carried into the tunnel are suspended and transferred to the tail portion of the shield machine in the tunnel excavation direction. The piece is turned in the horizontal direction and the both ends are appropriately swung (raised and lowered) to change the direction in the width direction of the tunnel while avoiding the surroundings, and installed on the ceiling and floor of the tunnel, respectively. The floor slab piece can be installed efficiently.

  In addition, the left and right side wall pieces can be installed efficiently by erection on the left and right side wall portions of the tunnel and sliding as they are between the top plate piece and the floor slab piece. By joining the upper and lower joints and the joints of the top plate piece and the floor plate piece to each other, the pieces can be easily joined together.

  The structure of the joint in this case includes a structure in which a male joint and a female joint are fitted to each other and the joints are joined together, or a structure in which the joints are simply butted together and further joined. The thing of the structure which attaches the reinforcement frame formed in the tubular shape so that the outer periphery of a junction part may be surrounded to a junction part etc. is mentioned.

  Moreover, in the joining structure which attaches a reinforcement frame to a junction part, a solidification material can be filled into the inside of a reinforcement frame, and a junction part can also be made into perfect rigid joining. If the reinforcing frame in this case is formed so as to have irregularities on the inner surface by a striped steel plate having protrusions on the surface or a steel plate with protrusions, the reinforcing frame and the joint joint can be completely integrated.

  In the present invention, since a large-sized (PC) lining plate is installed in the ground in a limited space called the tail portion of the shield machine, a large number of propulsion jacks are installed at a time when each piece is installed in the ground. Since it needs to be pulled out, it is suitable mainly for an open type shield method applied to a place where the face is stable or a shield method with a relatively shallow earth covering.

  For joining the pieces, it is considered to be most effective to attach a joining member such as a joining plate so as to surround the joining portion. Usually, however, it faces the face side of the joining portion and the center side of the tunnel. The side to be joined can be directly joined with a joining plate or the like and joined directly with a joining bolt or the like. However, since the wellhead side and the ground side of the joined part cannot be joined directly, the entire circumference of the joined part cannot be directly joined and reinforced.

  According to the present invention, the outer periphery of the joint between the pieces can be easily joined, and the reinforcing effect is extremely great. Further, the reinforcing effect can be further enhanced by filling the binder between the joint joint and the reinforcing frame. Further, if the inner peripheral surface of the reinforcing frame is formed in an uneven shape, the adhesion of the consolidated material is remarkably enhanced, and the reinforcing effect of the joint portion by the reinforcing frame can be further enhanced.

  In this case, if the reinforcing frame is formed so as to have irregularities on the inner surface by a striped steel plate having protrusions on the surface or a steel plate with protrusions, the reinforcing frame and the joint joint can be completely integrated.

The construction method of the rectangular shield tunnel according to claim 2 is the construction method of the rectangular shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein one of the joints is a concave groove continuous in the tunnel digging direction, and the other is fitted with the concave groove. It is characterized by being a projection to be performed.

  In the present invention, when the left and right side wall pieces are slid and installed between the top plate piece and the floor plate piece, the side wall piece joint and the top plate piece and the floor plate piece joint are connected simultaneously with the installation of the side wall piece. It can be easily joined.

  According to the present invention, one of the joints is a concave groove continuous in the tunnel digging direction, and the other is a protrusion fitted into the concave groove, so that both side walls can be simply slid to the tunnel well side. Joints can be easily joined together. In this case, the concave groove and the protrusion may be formed in any piece.

Construction method of claim 3 rectangular tunnel description, in the construction method of a rectangular tunnel of claim 1 or 2, the reinforcing frame, which is characterized in that is formed into a tubular surrounding the outer periphery of the joint junctions It is. As the reinforcing frame in this case, for example, there is a frame formed from a steel plate or the like that penetrates in the longitudinal direction of the side wall piece. Further, a protrusion may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the reinforcing frame. The reinforcing frame with protrusions can be formed from a striped steel plate or the like.

The rectangular shield tunnel according to claim 4, the top plate piece and floor slab piece respectively installed on the ceiling and floor of the tunnel, and left and right side wall pieces respectively installed on the left and right side wall portions of the tunnel, And a rectangular tunnel formed by joining joints respectively formed at both upper and lower end portions of the left and right side wall pieces and both end portions in the tunnel width direction of the top plate piece and floor slab piece, and joined to the joint portion. A reinforcing frame formed in a tubular shape is attached so as to surround the outer periphery of the portion.

  The present invention makes it possible to construct a large rectangular tunnel and to construct a rectangular tunnel at a deep position, particularly by strengthening the bonding between the pieces.

  Unlike a circular tunnel, a large bending force acts on a rectangular tunnel, and in particular, the joint between pieces is weak in strength, making it impossible to enlarge the rectangular tunnel and build it at a deep position. According to the above, the entire peripheral surface of the joint joint between the pieces can be directly joined by the reinforcing frame, so that the pieces can be firmly joined to each other, thereby enabling the enlargement of the rectangular tunnel and the construction at a deep position. It is.

  As the reinforcing frame in this case, for example, there is a frame formed from a steel plate or the like that penetrates in the longitudinal direction of the side wall piece. Further, a protrusion may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the reinforcing frame. The reinforcing frame with protrusions can be formed from a striped steel plate or the like.

  According to the present invention, the top plate, floor slab, and left and right side wall pieces carried into the tunnel are suspended and transferred to the tail portion of the shield machine in the tunnel excavation direction. The piece is swung horizontally and both ends are appropriately swung (raised and lowered) to change the direction of the tunnel width while passing around the periphery, and then installed on the ceiling and floor of the tunnel, so that the top plate piece and floor The plate piece can be installed efficiently.

  In addition, the left and right side wall pieces can be efficiently installed by erection on the left and right side wall portions of the tunnel and sliding between the top plate piece and the floor plate piece as they are, By joining the joints of the top plate piece and the floor plate piece together, the pieces can be easily joined together.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to construct a rectangular tunnel even by a shield method that is forced to work in a narrow tunnel, and thereby it is possible to economically construct an underground tunnel even in an overcrowded urban area. it can.

  In addition, each piece can be joined directly by the reinforcement frame so that the whole piece can be joined firmly. This makes it possible to enlarge the rectangular tunnel and construct it at a deeper position. is there.

  1 to 4 show an embodiment of a rectangular shield tunnel. In the figure, the ceiling and the ground of the tunnel A dug into a rectangular cross section are covered with a top plate piece 1 and a floor plate piece 2, respectively. The natural ground on the left and right side walls of the tunnel A is covered with the side wall piece 3.

  The top plate piece 1 and the floor plate piece 2 are both formed into a rectangular plate shape elongated in the width direction of the tunnel A, and the left and right side wall pieces 3 are formed into a rectangular plate shape elongated in the height direction of the tunnel A. Here, the “plate” includes one having a cross-sectional width substantially equal to the height.

  Projections 1a are formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the top plate piece 1 (both ends in the width direction of the tunnel A), and protrusions 2a are formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the floor slab piece 2 (both ends in the width direction of the tunnel A). Are projected substantially at right angles to the side wall piece 3 side.

  In addition, concave and convex grooves 3a and 3a that fit the projections 1a of the top plate piece 1 and the projections 2a of the floor slab piece 2 are provided at both upper and lower end portions (upper and lower end portions in the height direction of the tunnel A) of the left and right side wall pieces 3, respectively. Projected.

  Both the protrusion 1a and the protrusion 2a are formed in a rectangular cross-section elongated in the tunnel A digging direction, and the concave groove 3a is formed in a thin groove shape continuous in the tunnel A digging direction.

  And the protrusion 1a and the concave groove 3a on the upper end side, and the protrusion 2a and the concave groove 3a on the lower end side are pushed by sliding the side wall piece 3 between the top plate piece 1 and the floor plate piece 2 in the direction of the tunnel A. It is mated.

  Further, the reinforcing frame 4 formed so as to surround the periphery of the joint portion is attached to the joint portion between the protrusion 1a and the groove 3a and the joint portion between the protrusion 2a and the groove 3a, which are fitted to each other, Further, the gap between the protrusion 1a and the groove 3a, the gap between the protrusion 2a and the groove 3a, and the gap between the outer periphery and the reinforcing frame 4 are filled with a non-shrinkable rapid solidification material 5 such as epoxy mortar, respectively. ing. The rapid solidification material 5 also serves as a water stop for the joint.

  5A to 5C show another example of the structure of the joining portion of the top plate piece 1 and the floor plate piece 2 and the left and right side wall pieces 3, and the upper and lower end portions of the left and right side wall pieces 3 are also shown in FIG. Instead of the concave groove 3a, protrusions 3b and 3b having the same shape as the protrusions 1a and 2a are provided.

  Then, the projections 3b and 1a and the projections 3b and 2a are butted together, and the reinforcing frame 4 is attached to the butted portion. Further, a non-shrinkable rapid solidification of epoxy mortar or the like is formed in the gap between the outer periphery and the reinforcing frame 4 Each material 5 is filled.

  In this way, the top plate piece 1 and the left and right side wall pieces 3, and the floor plate piece 2 and the left and right side wall pieces 3 are joined together, so that the top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2, the left and right side wall pieces 3, 3 1 ring is formed.

  Further, the top plate pieces 1 between the rings installed adjacent to each other in the tunnel A digging direction, the floor slab pieces 2 and the side wall pieces 3 are a plurality of PC steel materials inserted in the tunnel A digging direction. Are joined to each other by the tension members 6.

  Furthermore, a tenon 7a and a tenon groove 7b that are fitted to each other are provided in the center between the rings, and a seal groove (not shown) is provided on the outer peripheral side between the rings, and a seal material (not shown) is provided in the seal groove. It is attached, and the water stop and integration between the rings are thus achieved.

  The top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2 and the left and right side wall pieces 3 are formed of RC structure, or precast concrete having a pre-stress or post-tension structure together with the protrusions 1 a and 2 a and the groove 3 a, respectively.

  Further, the reinforcing frame 4 is formed in a rectangular tubular shape penetrating from the steel plate or the like in the longitudinal direction of the side wall piece 3, and a fixing bolt (not shown) or the like closer to the center than the concave grooves 3 a at the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the side wall piece 3. It is temporarily fixed by.

  Then, after the protrusion 1a and the groove 3a and the protrusion 2a and the groove 3a are respectively fitted, the temporary fixing bolts are removed and slid toward the groove 3a to be fitted into each joint joint. Further, the tendon 6 is inserted through the tunnel A in the direction of digging while being connected via a coupler 8 for each ring.

  7 to 10 show an embodiment of a construction method of the rectangular tunnel for constructing the above-described rectangular tunnel. In the figure, reference numeral 9 denotes a shield machine for excavating the tunnel A into a rectangular cross section, and 10 denotes a top plate piece 1. The underground slab crane 2 is installed in the ground of the ceiling part, the floor part, and the left and right side wall parts of the tunnel A by suspending the floor slab piece 2 and the side wall piece 3, respectively.

  In addition, in order to convey the top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2, and the side wall piece 3 from the tunnel A to the face, a battery locomotive and a carriage are used.

  The shield machine 9 includes a cutter (not shown) on the face side, and a propulsion jack 11 and an assembly erector (not shown) on the tail portion.

  The propulsion jack 11 is a jack for propelling the shield machine 9 by using the installed top plate piece 1, floor plate piece 2 and left and right side wall pieces 3 as reaction force, and is arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the tail portion. Multiple are attached to.

  The assembly erector is an assembly device for holding the top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2 and the side wall piece 3 and installing them on the ceiling, floor and side walls of the tunnel A, and the position of each piece An adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle is provided.

  Next, the construction procedure of the present invention will be described.

(1) First, tunnel A is dug for a predetermined length by shield machine 9. In this case, the propulsion jack 11 is operated with the top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2 and the left and right side wall pieces 3 already installed as reaction force, and the shield machine 9 is propelled while cutting the face with a cutter. The tunnel A can be dug.

(2) Next, the top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2, and the left and right side wall pieces 3, 3 conveyed to the vicinity of the tail portion of the shield machine 9 are already incorporated in the ground of the tunnel A. The floor slab piece 2 and the left and right side wall pieces 3 and 3 are respectively installed on the face side.

(3) In this case, first, the floor slab piece 2 is suspended substantially horizontally with the longitudinal moving crane 10 facing the tunnel A in the direction of excavation, and transferred to the tail portion of the shield machine 9. Then, when the tip of the floor slab piece 2 reaches the tail part of the shield machine 6, the floor slab piece 2 is swung horizontally by approximately 90 degrees to be suspended in the width direction of the tunnel A, and set at the bottom of the tunnel A. To do.

(4) At that time, the floor slab piece 2 is raised and lowered appropriately so that both ends of the floor slab piece 2 do not collide with the natural ground of the tunnel A or the left and right side wall pieces 3 and 3 already installed. The plate piece 2 is swung horizontally. Further, the propulsion jack 11 pressing the floor slab piece 2 already installed is contracted to the shield machine 9 side. When the installation of the floor slab piece 2 is completed, the propulsion jack 11 is pressed against the floor slab piece 2.

(5) Next, the top plate piece 1 is suspended almost horizontally with the longitudinal direction of the top plate piece 1 in the direction of tunnel A digging by the underground crane 10 and transferred to the tail portion of the shield machine 9. Then, when the tip of the top plate piece 1 reaches the tail portion of the shield machine 9, the top plate piece 1 is swung horizontally by approximately 90 degrees to be suspended again in the width direction of the tunnel A, and the assembly Elector It is supported by a natural ground on the ceiling.

(6) At that time, the top plate piece 1 should be raised and lowered appropriately so that both ends of the top plate piece 1 do not hit the ground of the tunnel A and the left and right side wall pieces 3 and 3 already installed. The plate piece 1 is swung horizontally. Further, the propulsion jack 11 that presses the already installed top plate piece 1 is shrunk to the shield machine 9 side. When the installation of the top plate piece 1 is completed, the propulsion jack 11 is pressed against the top plate piece 1 again.

(7) Next, the side wall piece 3 is suspended substantially horizontally with the longitudinal direction of the side wall piece 3 in the tunnel A digging direction by the underground crane 10 and transferred to the tail portion of the shield machine 10. Then, it is raised and gripped by an assembly erector, and built on one side wall of the tunnel A.

(8) Next, the side wall piece 3 is slid in the tunnel A direction of the tunnel A and installed between the top plate piece 1 and the floor plate piece 2, and the upper and lower concave grooves 3a, 3a are fitted to the projections 1a and 1b. Let

(9) At that time, while adjusting the position of the top plate piece 1 and the side wall piece 2 with the respective assembly erectors, the side wall piece 3 is slid between the top plate piece 1 and the floor plate piece 2 and pushed in. The concave grooves 3a, 3a and the protrusions 1a, 2a can be smoothly fitted. When the installation of one side wall piece 3 is completed in this way, the other side wall piece 3 is installed in the same manner.

(10) Next, the fixing bolts temporarily fixing the reinforcing frames 4 are removed, and the fixing of the reinforcing frames 4 is released. And the reinforcement frame 4 attached to the lower end side of the side wall piece 3 is pushed down, and the reinforcement frame 4 attached to the upper end side of the side wall piece 3 is pushed up and installed at each joint portion. Then, the rapid solidification material 5 is filled in each joint.

(11) Next, the top plate piece 1, the floor slab piece 2, the left and right side wall pieces 3, 3 and the tension material 6 in which the top plate piece 1, the floor slab piece 2 and the left and right side wall pieces 3, 3 are already installed. Combine with each. Thus, the installation of the top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2 and the left and right side wall pieces 3 and 3 of one ring is completed.

(12) In the same manner, the tunnel A is dug by the shield machine 9 and the tunnel A is covered by the top plate piece 1, the floor plate piece 2, and the left and right side wall pieces 3, 3 alternately. Can be built.

  In the present invention, a rectangular tunnel can also be constructed very efficiently by a shield method.

It is a partial perspective view of the rectangular tunnel constructed | assembled by the shield construction method. The junction part of the side wall piece installed in the side wall part of a rectangular tunnel, a top plate piece, and a floor slab piece is shown, (a) is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tunnel right-angle direction, (b) is an axial direction of a tunnel FIG. It is a front view which shows the top plate piece, floor plate piece, and right and left side wall piece which are installed in the ceiling part, floor part, and right and left side wall part of a rectangular tunnel. The side wall piece is shown, (a) is a partial perspective view of the side wall piece to which the reinforcing frame is attached, and (b) is a partial perspective view of the removed reinforcing frame and the side wall piece. (a) is a front view showing a top plate piece, a floor plate piece, and left and right side wall pieces installed on a ceiling portion, a floor portion, and left and right side wall portions of a rectangular tunnel, and (b) and (c) are top plate pieces and side walls. The joint part of the joint of a piece is shown, (b) is the state before joining, (c) is sectional drawing which shows a joining state. The joint method of the rings adjacent to the tunnel excavation direction is shown, (a) is a partial front view of the top plate piece, (b) and (c) are cross-sectional views taken along line II in (a), FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the axial direction of a tunnel which shows the construction method of a rectangular tunnel. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tunnel right-angle direction which shows the construction method of a rectangular tunnel. It is a horizontal sectional view of the tunnel axis perpendicular direction showing the construction method of the rectangular tunnel. The side wall piece installation method is shown, (a) is a partial perspective view showing before the side wall piece is installed, (b) is a partial perspective view showing after the side wall piece is installed.

Explanation of symbols

A Rectangular tunnel 1 Top piece 2 Floor piece 3 Side wall piece 4 Reinforcement frame 5 Rapid solidification material 6 Tension material 7a Tenon (joint)
7b Groove (Fitting)
8 Coupler 9 Shielding machine 10 Underground mobile crane 11 Propulsion jack

Claims (4)

There are joints at both ends in the width direction of the tunnel, and the top plate piece and floor slab piece respectively installed on the ceiling and floor of the tunnel, and connected to the joint at the top and bottom ends in the height direction of the tunnel A method for constructing a rectangular tunnel comprising side wall pieces respectively installed on left and right side wall portions of the tunnel, the step of digging the tunnel with a shield machine, the top plate piece, the floor slab piece, and The process of transferring the left and right side wall pieces to the tail portion of the shield machine with the left and right side wall pieces directed in the tunneling direction, the width of the tunnel while turning the top plate piece and the floor plate piece horizontally and swinging up and down respectively. A step of changing the direction, a step of installing the top plate piece and the floor plate piece on the ceiling and floor of the tunnel, respectively, Step causing erected on left and right side wall portions of the serial tunnel, the left and right side walls piece placed respectively between the top plate piece and the floor plate piece, the step of joining the joint each other, reinforcement had previously been attached to the side wall pieces A construction method of a rectangular tunnel comprising a step of sliding a frame in a longitudinal direction of a side wall piece and installing it on an outer periphery of a joint joint. One of the joint is a concave groove which is continuous in the excavating direction of the tunnel and the other construction method of a rectangular tunnel of claim 1, wherein it is a projection for mating with said groove. Reinforcing frame, construction method of a rectangular tunnel of claim 1 or 2, wherein the is formed into a tubular surrounding the outer periphery of the joint junctions.   A top plate piece and a floor slab piece respectively installed on the ceiling and floor of the tunnel, and left and right side wall pieces respectively installed on the left and right side wall portions of the tunnel, and upper and lower end portions of the left and right side wall pieces, A rectangular tunnel formed by joining joints respectively formed at both ends in the tunnel width direction of the top plate piece and the floor plate piece, and is tubular so as to surround the outer periphery of the joint joint portion around the joint joint portion. A rectangular tunnel having a formed reinforcing frame attached thereto.

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