JP5106384B2 - Hpv誘導性上皮内腫瘍の治療方法及び治療手段 - Google Patents
Hpv誘導性上皮内腫瘍の治療方法及び治療手段 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明の目的は、被検者がウイルス性早期抗原に対する免疫反応を発現(develop)したかどうかを調査することである。本発明は、イミキモドのようなTLR活性化化合物などの局部炎症をひきおこす免疫修飾因子による治療の成功又は失敗におけるHPV特異的T細胞性免疫の決定的役割について論証する。本明細書は、悪性度の高いVIN患者におけるHPV16特異的CD4+T細胞反応の重要性とサイトカインの極性形成(polarization)とに関する詳細な分析を提供する。本発明は、HPVウイルス性タンパク質への免疫系の慢性暴露が、約半数の患者においてインターフェロンガンマ(IFNγ)T細胞性免疫の誘導をもたらすことを論証する。重要なことに、かかるタイプI(IFNγ)T細胞反応の存在は、本明細書中の実施例に用いられているイミキモドなどの免疫修飾因子による治療の好ましい臨床反応に関連する。本発明は、局部炎症をひきおこす免疫修飾因子による効果的な治療に関し、HPV早期抗原に対する免疫反応を最初に決定しなければならないということに意味を有する。反応が欠如している場合は、局部炎症反応をひきおこす免疫修飾因子による治療がもたらす最善の結果を得るために当該技術分野で知られている方法により、HPV早期抗原に対する免疫反応を生じさせてもよい。イミキモドなどの免疫修飾因子の使用は、ウイルス性早期抗原に対するCD4+T細胞反応を有していない者においてはほとんど効果がないことが論証されており、このグループの被検者については、ウイルス性抗原に対するT細胞反応を誘発する(elicit)ために薬剤による治療を最初にしてもよい。かかる治療が十分に成功しない場合、治療抵抗性である(refractory)個人については、罹患皮膚の外科的切除若しくは切断、又は代替薬剤などのより効果的な別の手段により治療することが好ましい。さらに、ウイルス性早期抗原に対する免疫反応の欠如により、かかる化合物及び/又は組成物の効果が少ない、あるいは効果がないとさえされるグループの被検者では、掻痒(itching)、ひりひりした痛み(burning)、疼痛(pain)などの局部炎症をひきおこす免疫修飾因子による治療のネガティブな副作用を避けてもよい。
最初の実施態様では、本発明は、肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍に罹患している患者の治療方法であって少なくとも:
i) 被検者が、ウイルス性抗原についてT細胞反応性を有しているかを決定するステップ;及び
ii) 次にステップi)におけるHPV抗原に対するT細胞反応性が陽性と判定される患者において、局部炎症を誘発する免疫修飾化合物(immune modifying compounds)による腫瘍の局部治療をするステップ
を含む治療方法を提供する。
免疫修飾因子、好ましくは炎症誘導剤(inflammation inducing agent)、
ケモカイン及び/又はサイトカインを含む、局部炎症反応をさらに刺激することができる組成物又は化合物、
HPVに由来するペプチドを含むHPVワクチン、及び/又は
HPVに対する細胞性免疫反応を検出するためのHPVペプチド及び試薬。
上皮内腫瘍とは、前ガン状態(precancerous)の細胞増殖であり、形成異常(dysplasia)と同義語である。子宮頸部上皮内腫瘍 (「CIN」と略される)とは、低リスク又は高リスクのヒトパピローマウイルスなどの性感染性ウイルス(sexually transmittable viruses)によりひきおこされる子宮頸部の状況(cervical condition)である。CINは、また子宮頸部形成異常(Cervical Dysplasia)とも呼ばれる。CINは、その重症度によりI、II、IIIに分類される。前ガン状態の異常とみなされている。最も軽度の態様であるCINIは、めったにガンに進行することはない。より重度の態様であるCINIIとCINIIIは、適切に治療を受けなければ悪性腫瘍(malignancies)を発症しうる。外陰上皮内腫瘍(VIN)とは、外陰部の皮膚における異常細胞の存在である。外陰部の皮膚において1つの部位又はいくつかの部位に同時に発生しうる。またVINは、CINと同様3つの異なる程度の重症度又はステージにおいて発生する。VAINとは、膣上皮内腫瘍を意味し、膣における類似の腫瘍である。
[患者]
悪性度の高い外陰上皮内腫瘍の29人の女性(年齢範囲、24〜73歳;年齢中央値、47歳)を、オランダの研究医療センター婦人科、及びライデンアンドエラスムス大学研究医療センターから募集した。これらの患者は、平均して、本研究に登録する5.4年前にVIN第3期と診断されていた(6月〜15年の幅がある)。18人の女性が、研究に入る前にVIN第3期における治療を既に受けていた(外科的切除、レーザー療法、又はイミキモドによる治療(#21、24、27))。
HPV16のE2、E6及びE7総タンパク質を網羅するペプチドの一式がT細胞増殖アッセイのために用いられた。E2ペプチドは、15アミノ酸がオーバーラップしている22個の30merペプチドと、35アミノ酸長のCOOH末端ペプチドとからなる。T細胞増殖アッセイのために、E2ペプチドと、32merペプチドのE6タンパク質と、14アミノ酸がオーバーラップしている35merペプチドのE7タンパク質とについて、1プールあたり2ペプチドがプールにおいて用いられた。IFNγELISPOTアッセイのために用いられたペプチドは、HPV16のE2、E6及びE7タンパク質を網羅し、最も免疫原性が高い領域であるE2の30merペプチド(文献22参照)及び、15個のE6と9個のE7がオーバーラップしている22merペプチドからなる。ペプチドを、文献(文献27参照)記載のとおり合成し、溶解した。ペプチドプールは、2つのペプチドによりカバーされるタンパク質における領域の最初と最後のアミノ酸により表現される(例えば、E21−45、残基1−30及び16−45)。破傷風トキソイド(0.75limus flocculentius/mL最終濃度;国立公衆衛生環境研究所(National Institute of Public Health and Environment)、ビルトホーヘン、オランダ)と、マイコバクテリウム結核超音波分解物(Mycobacterium tuberculosis sonicate)(2.5μg/mL;寛大にも王立熱帯研究所、アムステルダム、オランダのP.Klaster博士より寄贈された)と、カンジダ・アルビカンス(0.005%、HAL、アレルゲネン(Allergenen)研究所、ハーレム、オランダ)の混合物からなる記憶応答混合液(Memory response mix)(MRM)が、ポジティブコントロールとして用いられた。
新鮮な単離したPBMCを12プールのHPV16のE2に由来する30merペプチドと、4プールのE6の32merペプチドと、2プールのE7の35merペプチド(各プールは2つのオーバーラップペプチドからなる)とで培養した。PBMCは、96ウェルU底プレート(Costar社製、Cambridge, MA)に1.5×105細胞/ウェルの密度で、10%自己血清(autologous serum)を添加した125μLのIsocove培地(Bio Whittaker社製)に播種した。HPV16のE2、E6、E7に由来するペプチドを、10μg/mL/ペプチドの濃度で添加した。培地のみをネガティブコントロールとし、MRM(1:50希釈)をポジティブコントロールとして供した。各ペプチドプールについて、8つの並列(parallel)マイクロカルチャーを培養した。培養後6日目にマイクロカルチャーから50μLの上清を採取し、サイトカイン分析まで−20℃にて保存した。ペプチド特異的増殖は7日目に3Hチミジン取込み([3H]-thymidine incorporation)により測定した。被検ウェルの75%以上の増殖が、増殖の平均値+培地のみを含むSDコントロールウェルの3×SDを超えた場合、かつすべての被検ウェルの平均をコントロールウェルの平均によって割ったものとして定義される刺激指数が≧3である場合に、培養物を陽性と判定した(文献22参照)。
短期増殖アッセイの上清におけるサイトカインの検出を、サイトメトリービーズアレイ(CBA)(Becton Dickinson社製)を用いて行った。この技術により、6つの異なるTh1及びTh2サイトカインIFNγ、腫瘍壊死因子α(tumor necrosis factorα)、インターロイキン(IL)−2、IL−4、IL−5、並びにIL−10の同時検出が可能となる。CBAは製造者の指示通りに行われた。カットオフ値は、様々なサイトカインの検量線に基づいた(IFNγは100pg/mL、残りのサイトカインは10pg/mL)。抗原特異的サイトカイン産生は、>2×コントロール培地のサイトカイン濃度として定義された(文献23及び28参照)。
イミキモドにより治療した17人の患者の末梢血(peripheral blood)に存在するHPV特異的T細胞を産生するIFNγの数は、ELISPOTを用いて文献(文献29及び30参照)記載のとおり行われ定量化された。手短に言えば、PBMCを解凍し、洗浄し、指示されたHPV16のE2、E6及びE7ペプチドプールの存在下又は非存在下で、10%ヒトAB血清で強化した1mLのIMDM(Bio Whittaker社製、Verviers、Belgium)に24ウェルプレート(Costar, Cambridge, MA)のウェルあたり2×106細胞の密度で播種した。ペプチドを、5μg/mL/ペプチドの濃度で4〜5ペプチドのプールにおいて用いた。タンパク質における最初と最後のアミノ酸により表現されるペプチドが、以下のプールに用いられた:E2−I:1−30、16−45、31−60、46−75;E2−II:61−90、76−105、91−120、106−135;E2−III:121−150、136−165、151−180、166−195;E2−IV:271−300、286−315、301−330、316−345、331−365;E6−I:1−22、11−32、21−42、31−52;E6-II:41−62、51−72、61−82、71−92;E6−III:81−102、91−112、101−122、111−132;E6−IV:111−132、121−142、131−152、137−158;E7−I:1−22、11−32、21−42、31−52;E7−II:41−62、51−72、61−82、71−92、77−98。37℃にて4日間培養後、PBMCは集菌され、洗浄され、IFNγを補足する抗体(Mactech AB社製, Nacha, Sweden)でコートされているマルチスクリーン96ウェルプレート(ミリポア社製、Etten-Leur, オランダ)に10%FCSで強化した100μLIMDMにウェルあたり105セルの密度で、4つの重複したウェルに播種した。さらに、抗体培養とELISPOTの展開は製造者(Mabtech社)の指示どおりに行われた。スポットは、完全自動化されたコンピューターを利用したビデオイメージング分析システム(Bio Sys社製)により計測された。特異的スポットは、スポット+培地コントロールの2×SDの平均数を実験ウェルのスポットの平均数から引いたものであるが、但し、培地コントロールウェルのスポットの平均数が<10であるか、標準偏差が平均の<20%で>10であるかのいずれかである。特異的T細胞の頻度が≧1/10,000で、かつ少なくとも≧2×バックグラウンドの場合、抗原特異的T細胞の頻度は増加したと判断された(文献30参照)。スポットのバックグラウンドの数は、一つを除き(#23、51±10スポット)、2.6±2.2(平均±SD)であった。
血清中のHPV16特異的抗体の検出については、本発明者らは、Kirnbauer et alによる記載のとおりにELISA法を用いた(文献31参照)。各血清サンプルについて、HPV16ウイルス様粒子(VLP、L1タンパク質を含むバキュロウイルス発現キャプシド)と、ウシパピローマウイルス(BPV)キャプシドとに対する反応性を検査し、後者をネガティブコントロールとして供するために0.1M炭酸バッファー(carbonate buffer)の処理により破壊した。VLP及びBPVは両方とも、J.Dillner教授(博士)(LUNDS大学、スウェーデン)より快く提供された。患者は、HPV16特異的IgG及びIgAの両方について検査した。健康な子供の血清一式(n=8、平均年齢7.3歳、4.3〜14.1歳の範囲)をバックグラウンド反応性を決定するために検査した。HPV16L1−VLPIgGタイプ反応については、カットオフOD値として0.230を用いた(平均OD=0.060;範囲―0.056〜0.150;平均+2回、標準偏差=0.230)。IgAタイプ反応については、カットオフとしてOD=0.215を用いた(平均OD=0.189;範囲0.171〜0.205)。
サイトカイン産生に関連するHPV16特異的増殖反応の統計的分析は、両側フィッシャーの直接確率検定(2−sided Fischer’s exact test)を用いて行われた。フィッシャーの直接確率検定(両側)は、イミキモドによる治療による臨床反応に対するHPV特異的免疫性を分析するために用いられた。統計的分析は、グラフパッドインスタットソフトウェア(Graphpad Instat Software)(バージョン3)を用いて行われた。
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Claims (7)
- 以下の工程(a)〜(c)に従って投与することを特徴とする、イミキモド、R 848 /レシキモド、ロクソリビン及びブロピリミンからなる群から選択される肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤。
(a)患者における、HPVのE2、E6及びE7タンパク質から選択されるHPV早期抗原に対するCD4+T細胞反応の有無を判定する工程;
(b)工程(a)においてCD4+T細胞反応を有しないと判定された患者にHPVのE2、E6及びE7タンパク質から選択されるHPV早期抗原で免疫してCD4+T細胞反応を産生させる工程;
(b1)工程(b)と同時に又はその後、前記肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤を病変に又は病変の近傍に局所投与することにより局所炎症を誘導する工程;
(c)工程(a)においてCD4+T細胞反応を有すると判定された患者に前記肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤を病変に又は病変の近傍に局所投与することにより局所炎症を誘導する工程; - 工程(b1)及び/又は工程(c)における局所投与の前、と同時に、又はその後に、HPVのE2、E6及びE7タンパク質から選択されるHPV早期抗原を使用して、抗原特異的T細胞反応を有する患者にさらにCD4+T細胞反応を加速、遷延、又は増強する工程を含む請求項1記載の肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤。
- 肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍が、外陰上皮内腫瘍(VIN)であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤。
- 肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤が、さらに、インターフェロン、サイトカイン及びケモカインからなる群から選択される化合物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3いずれか記載の肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤。
- インターフェロン、サイトカイン及びケモカインからなる群から選択される化合物が、タイプ1インターフェロン(インターフェロンα及びβ)、サイトカインIL−1、TNF−α、IL−6、IL−8(CXCL8)及びIL−12、並びに/又はケモカインCXCL−1、2、3、7、8、10、12、13;CCL−2、3、4、5、11、18、20、27;XCL−1及びCX3CL−1から選択される、請求項4記載の肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤。
- HPVのE2、E6及びE7タンパク質から選択されるHPV早期抗原に由来するエピトープが、12〜45アミノ酸の長さのペプチドであることを特徴とする請求項1〜5いずれか記載の肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤。
- 12〜45アミノ酸の長さのペプチドが、以下のペプチドの群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項6記載の肛門性器部上皮内腫瘍治療薬剤。
配列番号1の1−22、31−52、41−62、43−77、51−72及び77−98の各アミノ酸ストレッチ、配列番号2の31−75、91−120、151−195、271−300、286−315、301−330、316−345及び331−365の各アミノ酸ストレッチ、配列番号3の31−52、81−102、91−112、111−132、121−158及び131−152の各アミノ酸ストレッチ;
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CN (1) | CN101189014A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE506063T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006240561B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2609927A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602006021408D1 (ja) |
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MX2009012922A (es) * | 2007-05-31 | 2010-07-05 | Academisch Ziekenhuis Leiden H | Vacunacion intradermica de un peptido del virus del papiloma humano. |
JP5808053B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-17 | 2015-11-10 | 国立大学法人 岡山大学 | 歯髄細胞から象牙芽細胞への分化誘導方法 |
EP2508190B1 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2021-06-02 | Aureo Co., Ltd. | Macrophage phagocytosis-activating composition and/or composition promoting cytokine production in macrophages |
US20150310003A1 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-10-29 | Elwha Llc | Methods, systems, and devices for machines and machine states that manage relation data for modification of documents based on various corpora and/or modification data |
WO2017015504A1 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-01-26 | Scheibel Steven Frederick | Treatment and prevention of anal conditions |
AU2016323770A1 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-03-29 | Dfb Soria, Llc | Delivery of drug nanoparticles and methods of use thereof |
JP6989134B2 (ja) | 2015-11-18 | 2022-01-05 | イミューノヴァクシーン テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッドImmunovaccine Technologies Inc. | ポリi:cポリヌクレオチドアジュバント及び脂質系アジュバントを含むアジュバント系及び水を含まないワクチン組成物 |
CN106632694B (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2021-02-12 | 南京益康生物医药有限公司 | 一种重组蛋白及药物组合物与应用 |
CN118948828A (zh) | 2017-03-15 | 2024-11-15 | Dfb索里亚有限责任公司 | 使用紫杉烷纳米颗粒治疗皮肤恶性肿瘤的局部疗法 |
WO2018170210A1 (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-09-20 | Dfb Soria, Llc | Topical therapy for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (vin) and genital warts using nanoparticles of taxanes |
RU2682783C2 (ru) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-03-21 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение "Уральский научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и младенчества" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБУ "НИИ ОММ" Минздрава России) | Способ лечения цервикальных интраэпителиальных неоплазий i степени, ассоциированных с впч высокого онкогенного риска, с использованием кавитированного раствора панавира |
EP3765035A4 (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2021-10-27 | DFB Soria, LLC | TOPICAL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA (CIN) AND COLD CANCER USING TAXANE NANOPARTICLES |
CN109614613B (zh) | 2018-11-30 | 2020-07-31 | 北京市商汤科技开发有限公司 | 图像的描述语句定位方法及装置、电子设备和存储介质 |
WO2022036495A1 (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2022-02-24 | Utc Therapeutics Inc. | Lymphocytes-antigen presenting cells co-stimulators and uses thereof |
CN111905201A (zh) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-10 | 珠海市索利达医疗器械有限公司 | 一种生殖道hr-hpv治疗设备 |
CN114409744B (zh) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-10-04 | 深圳吉诺因生物科技有限公司 | Hpv抗原表位及其鉴定方法、应用 |
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PT1336621E (pt) * | 1997-08-05 | 2006-08-31 | Stressgen Biotechnologies Corp | Respostas imunitarias contra antigenios dos vph, suscitadas por composicoes que incorporam um antigenio de vph e uma proteina do stress ou um vector de expressao com aptidao para a expressao destas proteinas |
IL144028A0 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2002-04-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Formulations and methods for treatment of mucosal associated conditions with an immune response modifier |
US20030118588A1 (en) | 1999-05-22 | 2003-06-26 | Linda Diehl | Induction of anti-tumor CTL immunity through in vivo triggering of 4-1BB and/or CD40 |
CA2413543A1 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-03 | Stressgen Biotechnologies Corporation | Human papilloma virus treatment |
US7202034B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2007-04-10 | Academisch Ziekenhuis Leiden | Long peptides of 22-45 amino acid residues that induce and/or enhance antigen specific immune responses |
EP1288292A1 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-05 | Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum | Long peptides of 22-40 amino acid residues that induce and/or enhance antigen specific immune responses. |
GB0105606D0 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2001-04-25 | Cantab Pharmaceuticals Res Ltd | Immunogens and vaccines and their preparation and use |
PT1531843E (pt) * | 2001-12-17 | 2011-10-27 | Zymogenetics Inc | Método para tratar o cancro cervical |
WO2005020995A1 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods related to the treatment of mucosal associated conditions |
EP1720567A2 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2006-11-15 | Innate Pharma | Composition and method for the treatment of carcinoma |
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CN101189014A (zh) | 2008-05-28 |
WO2006115413A2 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
ES2363247T3 (es) | 2011-07-28 |
WO2006115413A3 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
AU2006240561B2 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
ATE506063T1 (de) | 2011-05-15 |
EP1874312A2 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1874312B1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
DE602006021408D1 (de) | 2011-06-01 |
US20110008287A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
US7807369B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 |
EP2289516B1 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
JP2008539228A (ja) | 2008-11-13 |
CA2609927A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
AU2006240561A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
US20090060870A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
EP2289516A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
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