JP5194471B2 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5194471B2 JP5194471B2 JP2007026209A JP2007026209A JP5194471B2 JP 5194471 B2 JP5194471 B2 JP 5194471B2 JP 2007026209 A JP2007026209 A JP 2007026209A JP 2007026209 A JP2007026209 A JP 2007026209A JP 5194471 B2 JP5194471 B2 JP 5194471B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910017755 Cu-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910017927 Cu—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910018100 Ni-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910018532 Ni—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910020836 Sn-Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910020988 Sn—Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910020816 Sn Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910020922 Sn-Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910008783 Sn—Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
従来のBGA型半導体装置を図7(a)(b)に示す。表裏両面に回路パターンと電極部とを有する回路基板(インターポーザ)1の片側の面に半導体素子(半導体チップ)2をダイボンディングし、金属細線3でワイヤボンディングし、樹脂4でトランスファーモールドしており、回路基板1のもう片側の面には電極部5に半田ペーストを介して半田ボール6を搭載し、半田ペーストと半田ボール6とを溶融させることで、半田ボール6を電極部5に接合させている。接合した半田ボール6は、他の回路基板(実装基板)に実装するための外部端子(ボール電極)となる。半田ボール6の材料としては共晶のSn−Pb半田材が用いられてきたが、鉛を含まない鉛フリー半田材が用いられる傾向にある(特許文献1)。
本発明は、上記問題に鑑み、回路基板の電極部に半田ボールを接合した電極構造において接合強度を向上させることを目的とする。
図1(a)は、本発明の一実施形態の半導体装置であるBGA型半導体装置の断面図であり、図1(b)は同半導体装置の一部拡大断面図である。
図2(a)に示すように、樹脂4により表面側が封止された回路基板1の裏面の電極部5(5a,5b)に半田ペースト(図示せず)を印刷し、図2(b)に示すように、半田ボール6を搭載し、その後に、リフロー炉(図示せず)で半田ペーストと半田ボール6とを加熱溶融して、半田ボール6と電極部5との界面に合金形成させ、それにより半田ボール6を電極部5に接合させる。接合終了後には半田ペーストのフラックスは洗浄除去する。
また、半田ボールにSn−Ag系鉛フリー半田材および従来の共晶のSn−Pb半田材をそれぞれ用い、電極部との接合部分について、断面観察により合金状態を調べた。Sn−Pb半田材を用いた場合には、半田ボールと電極部との界面にNi−Sn系合金が形成され、これにより半田ボールが電極部に接合されている。一方、Sn−Ag系鉛フリー半田材を用いた場合には、半田ボールと電極部との界面の合金層に、Ni−Sn系合金が形成される他にCu−Sn系合金が形成され、半田材の溶融時間が長いとCu−Sn系合金が多く形成されることとなった。このCu−Sn系合金の生成量が多くなることが界面の接合強度が低下する原因であると思われる。
2 半導体素子
3 金属細線
4 樹脂
5 電極部
5a 電極(外周部)
5b 電極(内周部)
6 半田ボール
7 絶縁層
8 ビア
9 エア
10 放熱板
Claims (13)
- 裏面に複数の電極を備えた回路基板と、
前記回路基板の表面に搭載された電子回路素子と、
前記回路基板の裏面の複数の電極と接続され、鉛不含の半田材料よりなる外部接続用の複数の半田ポールと、
前記電子回路素子と前記回路基板の表面の一部を覆う封止樹脂と
を備え、
前記複数の電極は、断面図において、前記封止樹脂より外側に配置された第一の半田ポールと接続された第一の電極と、前記封止樹脂より内側に配置された第二の半田ボールと接続される第二の電極とを有し、
前記第一の電極は、前記第二の電極よりも大きく形成されていることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記回路基板の裏面の複数の電極上には、ニッケルと金のメッキが形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1の半導体装置。
- 前記回路基板の裏面の複数の電極に接合された複数の半田ボールは、少なくとも錫を含む半田材料よりなることを特徴とする請求項1または2いずれか記載の半導体装置。
- 前記回路基板の裏面の複数の電極に接合された複数の半田ボールは、少なくとも銀を含む半田材料よりなることを特徴とする請求項3記載の半導体装置。
- 前記回路基板の裏面の複数の電極と前記複数の半田ボールとの接合部には、錫合金が形成されることを特徴とする請求項3または4記載の半導体装置。
- 前記錫合金は、錫とニッケルの合金であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の半導体装置。
- 前記錫合金は、錫と銅の合金であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の半導体装置。
- 前記回路基板の裏面に、複数の開口部を有する保護膜をさらに備え、
前記複数の半田ボールは各々、前記保護膜の複数の開口部から露出した前記複数の電極と接合していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7いずれか1項記載の半導体装置。 - 前記複数の保護膜の開口部は均一なサイズに形成されていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の半導体装置。
- 前記回路基板の裏面の第一の電極は、前記第二の電極と同一厚みで面積がより大きいことを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項記載の半導体装置。
- 前記回路基板の裏面の第一の電極は、前記第二の電極と同一面積で厚みがより大きいことを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項記載の半導体装置。
- 前記回路基板内に複数のビアをさらに有し、
前記複数のビアのうち、第一のビアは前記回路基板の裏面の第一の電極と接続していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記複数のビアのうち、第一のビアは前記回路基板の裏面の第一の電極近傍に形成され、前記第一のビアと前記第一の電極との距離は、前記第一のビアと前記第二の電極との距離よりも近いことを特徴とする請求項1記載の半導体装置。
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CN2008100012380A CN101241891B (zh) | 2007-02-06 | 2008-01-10 | 半导体器件及其制造方法 |
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US8416731B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2013-04-09 | Research In Motion Limited | Transmission in a relay node-based wireless communication system |
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