JP5168071B2 - Filter failure detection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a filter failure detection device that detects whether or not a PM filter for collecting PM (Particulate Matter) in exhaust gas has failed.

  The PM filter provided in the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine is subjected to filter regeneration (oxidation removal of PM in the PM filter) after the amount of PM accumulated inside (hereinafter referred to as PM accumulation amount) becomes excessively large. In order to prevent the occurrence of such a phenomenon, the filter regeneration process is performed before the PM accumulation amount is excessively increased. Should be started. Therefore, after the completion of the previous filter regeneration process, the amount of PM discharged from the internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as PM emission amount) until the present time is calculated from the operating state, and the calculated PM emission amount is accumulated in PM. An internal combustion engine system (see, for example, Patent Document 1) that determines the start timing of filter regeneration processing using the quantity has been developed. Furthermore, an internal combustion engine system (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 to 4) that calculates the current PM accumulation amount from the pressure difference before and after the PM filter and determines the start timing of the filter regeneration process based on the calculated PM accumulation amount is also developed. Has been.

  An internal combustion engine system that can detect that the PM filter has failed has also been developed. Specifically, the PM emission amount is calculated from the operating state of the internal combustion engine, the PM amount oxidized and removed by the filter regeneration process is calculated from the maximum temperature of the PM filter, and the PM filter is calculated from the ratio of the calculated PM amounts. An internal combustion engine system (see, for example, Patent Document 1) that detects the failure of the engine has been developed. Furthermore, an internal combustion engine system for detecting a failure of the PM filter has been developed from the relationship between the PM emission amount at the present time (each time point) and the pressure difference before and after the PM filter.

JP 2006-316647 A JP 2007-262983 A JP 2007-154783 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-064148

  As described above, the failure detection procedure of the PM filter currently being performed calculates whether the PM filter is broken by calculating the PM emission amount and comparing the calculated PM emission amount with other information. Is supposed to be detected. However, the PM emission amount is a value calculated based on the operation state of the internal combustion engine (outputs of various sensors, fuel amount injected into the fuel injection valve). Various components (fuel injection valves, various sensors) of the internal combustion engine have individual differences (performance variations). For this reason, the failure detection procedure of the PM filter that is currently performed is that when the performance of various components of the internal combustion engine connected to the PM filter is greatly different from the standard performance, As a result of calculating a relatively large amount of discharged PM, the state of the PM filter (whether or not it is malfunctioning) may be erroneously determined.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a filter failure detection device capable of accurately detecting whether or not a PM filter has failed even if the performance of various components of the internal combustion engine is significantly different from the standard performance. There is to do.

  In order to solve the above problems, a filter failure detection device for detecting whether or not a PM filter for collecting PM in exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention has failed is deposited in the PM filter. Filter regeneration processing execution means capable of executing filter regeneration processing for removing oxidized PM by oxidation, and estimated value storage for storing an estimated value of the amount of PM currently accumulated in the PM filter And means for repeating the process of calculating the amount of PM discharged from the internal combustion engine based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine and adding the calculated PM amount to the estimated value on the estimated value storage means, and the filter An estimated value updating means which is means for changing the estimated value on the estimated value storage means to “0” each time the reproduction processing is executed by the filter regeneration processing executing means and the processing is completed; The amount of PM calculated from the amount of heat generated by oxidation of PM in the PM filter when the filter regeneration processing is executed by the filter regeneration processing execution means. The PM filter uses the PM amount calculation processing means for executing the calculation processing, at least the pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter, and the PM amount calculated by the PM amount calculation processing. Failure detection means for detecting whether or not a failure has occurred.

  That is, based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine, after the previous filter regeneration process is completed (or after the internal combustion engine is started for the first time), the total amount of PM discharged from the internal combustion engine up to a certain point in time is calculated as PM. When the accumulation amount is calculated, the calculation result (estimated value on the estimated value storage means updated by the estimated value updating means) may be greatly different from the actual PM accumulation amount due to the influence of individual differences among the internal combustion engines. On the other hand, “PM amount calculation processing for calculating the amount of PM oxidized and removed from the PM filter by execution of the filter regeneration processing from the amount of heat generated by oxidation of PM in the PM filter during execution of the filter regeneration processing” According to this, it is possible to calculate the PM accumulation amount at the start of the filter regeneration processing in a form that is not greatly affected by the difference between the solids of the internal combustion engine.

  Further, the pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter is information that varies greatly depending on the state of the PM filter even if the PM deposition amount is constant. The filter failure detection apparatus according to the present invention is configured so that “the PM filter uses at least the pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter and the PM amount calculated by the PM amount calculation process. Since a failure detection means for detecting whether or not there is a failure is provided, if this filter failure detection device is used, it can be accurately detected whether or not the PM filter has failed.

  As the failure detection means of the filter failure detection device of the present invention, the pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter (pressure difference after filter regeneration processing, pressure difference before and after filter regeneration processing) and PM It is also possible to employ means for detecting whether or not the PM filter has failed based only on the PM amount calculated by the amount calculation processing.

  The estimated value is calculated by the PM amount calculating process based on the PM amount calculated by the PM amount calculating process and the estimated value on the estimated value storage means at the start time of the PM amount calculating process. Conversion coefficient calculation means for calculating a conversion coefficient for conversion to a corrected PM quantity corresponding to the PM quantity to be added is added to the filter failure detection device, and the estimated value on the estimated value storage means is used as the failure detection means. Conversion to the corrected PM amount using the conversion coefficient calculated by the conversion coefficient calculating means, and the PM based on the corrected PM amount and a pressure difference between the upstream side portion and the downstream side portion of the PM filter. It is also possible to employ means for detecting whether or not the filter is broken. By adopting this configuration, it is possible to realize a filter failure detection device that can accurately detect whether or not the PM filter is broken at any time when the filter regeneration process is not being executed.

  When realizing the filter failure detection apparatus of the present invention, various types of filter regeneration processing execution means can be employed. However, if the filter regeneration process execution means is a means for executing the filter regeneration process longer than necessary (means that does not detect / determine whether or not PM has been almost completely oxidized and removed), the energy required for the filter regeneration process can be reduced. (Fuel etc.) will be wasted. For this reason, the filter regeneration processing execution means determines the end timing of the filter regeneration processing that has been started based on the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the PM filter and the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the PM filter. It is desirable to adopt means for performing the filter regeneration processing (for example, means for terminating the filter regeneration processing when the two temperatures coincide with each other or when the difference between the two temperatures falls within a predetermined value).

  Further, when realizing the filter failure detection device of the present invention, the PM amount calculation processing unit performs the PM amount calculation processing every time the filter regeneration processing is executed by the filter regeneration processing execution unit and the processing is completed. Means for calculating, and as the conversion coefficient calculation means, means for calculating the conversion coefficient every time the PM amount calculation processing is executed, and as the failure detection means, the conversion coefficient calculation means most recently. A means for converting the estimated value into the corrected PM amount using the calculated conversion coefficient may be employed. If such a configuration is adopted, various components of the internal combustion engine related to the calculation of the estimated PM accumulation amount (the fuel injection valve, various values whose measured values are used to determine the fuel injection amount). Even if the performance of the sensor) changes (deteriorates), it is possible to realize a filter failure detection device that can accurately detect whether or not the PM filter has failed.

  Further, the failure detection means of the filter failure detection device of the present invention detects whether or not the PM filter has failed based only on the pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter and the PM amount. It may be. However, in the failure detection by such an algorithm, the operation state that can accurately detect whether or not the PM filter is broken is limited. Therefore, as the failure detection means, the pressure difference between the upstream part and the downstream part of the PM filter and the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the PM filter are specified, and the specified pressure difference and flow rate and the PM amount are specified. It is desirable to adopt means for detecting whether or not the PM filter has failed based on the above.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a filter failure detection device capable of accurately detecting whether or not a PM filter has failed even if the performance of various components of the internal combustion engine is significantly different from the standard performance. Can do.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<< First Embodiment >>
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an internal combustion engine system including a filter failure detection device 30 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  An internal combustion engine 10 included in the internal combustion engine system is a compression ignition internal combustion engine (diesel engine) having a plurality of cylinders 11. The internal combustion engine 10 includes a common rail 12 for storing high-pressure fuel sent from a supply pump (not shown), and a plurality of fuel injection valves 13 for injecting the high-pressure fuel in the common rail 12 into each cylinder 11. It is attached. Further, the internal combustion engine 10 includes a water temperature sensor 20 for measuring the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the internal combustion engine 10 and a crank position sensor 21 for detecting the number of revolutions of the internal combustion engine 10 (the attitude of the crankshaft). Is also attached.

  An intake passage 15 is connected to each cylinder 11 of the internal combustion engine 10. In the middle of the intake passage 15, a compressor housing 16 a that is a component of the turbocharger 16, an intercooler 17 for cooling the compressed air from the compressor housing 16 a, and an intake throttle for adjusting the intake amount of each cylinder 11 A valve 18 is arranged. An air flow meter 19 for measuring the amount of air flowing through the passage is attached to the intake passage 15.

  An exhaust passage 25 is also connected to each cylinder 11 of the internal combustion engine 10. In the middle of the exhaust passage 25, a turbine housing 16b (component of the turbocharger 16) that is a drive source of the compressor housing 16a, and a PM filter for collecting PM (particulate matter) in the exhaust gas. 26 (so-called DPF) is arranged. Further, in the exhaust passage 25, an inlet temperature sensor 27i for measuring the temperature of exhaust gas entering the PM filter 26, an outlet temperature sensor 27o for measuring the temperature of exhaust gas discharged from the PM filter 26, and A differential pressure sensor 28 for measuring a pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter 26 (hereinafter referred to as filter differential pressure) is attached.

  The internal combustion engine 10 is also provided with an EGR passage 22 for returning a part of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 25 (hereinafter referred to as EGR gas) into the intake passage 15. In the middle of the EGR passage 22, an EGR cooler 23 for cooling the EGR gas and an EGR valve 24 for adjusting the flow rate of the EGR gas are arranged.

  The filter failure detection device 30 is a device composed of a CPU, ROM, RAM, EEPROM, and the like. The filter failure detection device 30 has a function of executing engine control processing, filter failure detection processing, PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing, and the like. The engine control process controls the internal combustion engine 10 based on the measured values of various sensors described above, the measured value of an accelerator opening sensor (not shown), and the like (the fuel injection amount by the fuel injection valve 13, the intake throttle valve 18). (Adjustment of the degree of opening, etc.).

  The engine control process executed by the filter failure detection device 30 has the same content as the engine control process executed by an existing ECU (electronic control unit, engine control unit) for the internal combustion engine 10. Therefore, hereinafter, only the contents of the filter failure detection process and the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process executed by the filter failure detection apparatus 30 will be described.

  First, the contents of the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process will be described.

  The PM accumulation amount estimation / control process is a process of the procedure shown in FIG. 2 that is executed in synchronization with the control of the fuel injection valve 13 by the engine control process. Note that the actual PM accumulation amount estimation / control process is a process in which the processes in steps S104 and S105 may be interrupted depending on the operating state (operation contents of the driver), but FIG. In this case, the description of the processing procedure is omitted.

  For this reason, first, the contents of the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process when the processes of steps S104 and S105 are not interrupted will be described with reference to FIG. 2, and then the processes of steps S104 and S105 are interrupted. The contents of the PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing in will be described. In the following description, the temperature of the exhaust gas at the inlet portion of the PM filter 26 (temperature measured by the inlet temperature sensor 27i) is expressed as Tin, and the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet portion of the PM filter 26 (outlet). The temperature measured by the temperature sensor 27o) will be expressed as Tout.

As shown in FIG. 2, the filter failure detection device 30 that has started the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process first performs an estimated PM accumulation amount update process (step S101).

  In the estimated PM accumulation amount update process, the PM emission amount of the internal combustion engine 10 is calculated based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine 10, and the calculated PM emission amount is stored in the RAM in the filter failure detection device 30. This is a process of adding to the quantity (numerical information whose initial value is “0”). The PM emission amount calculated at the time of this estimated PM accumulation amount update processing is the PM amount discharged from the internal combustion engine 10 after the previous update of the estimated PM accumulation amount (at the time of execution of the process of step S101 or S107). Note that the estimated PM accumulation amount update process that is actually executed by the filter failure detection device 30 is performed on the fuel injection valve 13 from the engine exhaust PM amount map of the content shown in FIG. The PM discharge amount associated with the injected fuel amount (in FIG. 3, the fuel injection amount) is read, and the read PM discharge amount is added to the estimated PM accumulation amount.

  After completing the estimated PM accumulation amount update process, the ECU 30 determines whether or not the estimated PM accumulation amount at that time is equal to or greater than a preset regeneration start accumulation amount (step S102). When the estimated PM accumulation amount is less than the regeneration start accumulation amount (step S102; NO), the filter failure detection device 30 ends this PM accumulation amount estimation / control process.

  On the other hand, when the estimated PM accumulation amount is equal to or greater than the regeneration start accumulation amount (step S102; YES), the filter failure detection device 30 calculates a proportional coefficient C (details will be described later) ("0" on the EEPROM). It is determined whether or not a proportional coefficient C is stored (step S103). When the proportionality coefficient C has not been calculated (step S103; NO), the filter failure detection device 30 completely removes the PM in the PM filter 26 from the filter regeneration process and the oxidized PM amount calculation process. The filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process (step S105), which is executed until it is performed, is performed. This filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation processing is performed when the conditions of Tin and Tout satisfy a predetermined condition (in this embodiment, the condition that the difference between Tin and Tout is equal to or less than a predetermined value). It is judged that PM in 26 is completely removed.

  The filter regeneration process executed during the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculating process is a process for oxidizing and removing PM in the PM filter 26 (in this embodiment, a process for controlling the fuel injection valve 13 to perform post-injection). ).

  Further, during the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process, the oxidized PM amount calculation process executed together with the filter regeneration process calculates the Δ oxidized PM amount defined by the following equation (1) every time the time Δt elapses. In this process, the amount of PM oxidized on the RAM (initial value is “0”) is added.

  Here, the gas specific heat is the specific heat of the exhaust gas, and the reaction heat is the amount of heat generated by the oxidation reaction of PM of unit mass. The gas flow rate is the mass of exhaust gas that passes through the PM filter 26 per unit time. Among these parameters, gas specific heat and reaction heat are parameters that are set in advance as constants, but the gas flow rate is measured by the air flow meter 19 and the fuel injection amount when calculating the Δ oxidized PM amount. Therefore, this value is a required parameter.

  After completing the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation processing as described above, the filter failure detection device 30 estimates the oxidized PM amount calculated by the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation processing (oxidized PM amount calculation processing) at that time. A ratio to the PM deposition amount (oxidized PM amount / estimated PM deposition amount) is calculated and stored as a proportional coefficient C on the EEPROM (step S106). Note that the update (value change) of the estimated PM accumulation amount is performed only during the process of step S101 or the process of step S107 described later. Therefore, the estimated PM deposition amount used during the process of step S106 is an estimated PM deposition amount calculated (value changed) immediately before the start of the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation processing.

  Here, the meaning of the processing of steps S105 and S106 will be described.

By multiplying the exhaust gas temperature rise (“Tout−Tin”) by passing through the PM filter 26 by the gas specific heat, the gas flow rate and the time Δt, the amount of heat generated in the PM filter 26 during the time Δt is obtained. It can be calculated. Since the amount of heat is generated by an oxidation reaction of a certain amount of PM, if the equation (1) is used (if the amount of heat is divided by the heat of reaction), the PM filter 26 removes the heat during the time Δt. The amount of PM removed by oxidation (Δ oxidized PM amount) can be calculated.

  Further, the oxidized PM amount calculation process is a process of calculating the Δ oxidized PM amount by the equation (1) and adding it to the oxidized PM amount every time the time Δt elapses. Therefore, the oxidized PM amount calculated by the oxidized PM amount calculation processing is calculated between the start of the filter regeneration processing (filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation processing) and the current time (calculation / addition time of Δ oxidized PM amount). That is, the total PM amount oxidized and removed from the filter 26.

  Further, the PM amount introduced into the PM filter 26 during the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation processing is sufficiently smaller than the PM amount existing in the PM filter 26 at the start of the filter regeneration / oxidation PM amount calculation processing. . Therefore, the oxidized PM obtained when the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process ends without being interrupted (when the oxidized PM amount calculation process is executed until all the PM in the PM filter 26 is oxidized and removed). The amount substantially coincides with the PM amount actually present in the PM filter 26 at the start of the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process.

  On the other hand, the estimated PM accumulation amount on the RAM at that time (when the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process is completed) is calculated based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine 10, and the start point of the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process Is the amount of PM. Accordingly, the processes in steps S105 and S106 described above are for converting the estimated PM accumulation amount at an arbitrary time point into an amount corresponding to the oxidized PM amount obtained when the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process is executed at that time point. Is obtained as a proportional coefficient C (= oxidized PM amount / estimated PM deposition amount).

  The filter failure detection device 30 that has calculated and stored the proportionality coefficient C by the process of the above procedure performs the process of clearing the estimated PM accumulation amount on the RAM to “0” (step S107), and then estimates and controls this PM accumulation amount. End the process.

  Further, when the estimated PM accumulation amount is equal to or greater than the regeneration start accumulation amount (step S102; YES), the filter failure detection device 30 determines that the proportionality coefficient C has already been calculated (step S103; YES). A process of executing the filter regeneration process until the PM in the PM filter 26 is completely removed (step S104). Then, the filter failure detection device 30 clears the estimated PM accumulation amount on the RAM by “0” (step S107), and then ends this PM accumulation amount estimation / control process.

  Next, the contents of the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process when the processes of steps S104 and S105 are interrupted will be described.

  When the process of step S105 is interrupted, the oxidized PM quantity obtained as a result of the interrupted oxidized PM quantity calculating process is present in the PM filter 26 at the start of the filter regeneration / oxidized PM quantity calculating process. It will not coincide with the amount of PM. If the proportional coefficient C is calculated from the oxidized PM amount and the estimated PM deposit amount, a coefficient that can convert the estimated PM deposit amount into an amount equivalent to the oxidized PM amount cannot be obtained. Further, since all the PM in the PM filter 26 is not oxidized and removed, it is also inappropriate to clear the estimated PM accumulation amount to “0”. For this reason, the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process that is actually executed by the filter failure detection device 30 is “the execution time of the process of step S105” instead of the process of steps S106 and S107 when the process of step S105 is interrupted. The process of calculating the amount of PM removed by oxidation or the like and subtracting the amount of PM from the estimated amount of accumulated PM ”is performed.

  Even when the process of step S104 is interrupted, all the PM in the PM filter 26 is not oxidized and removed. However, since the processing of step S104 is performed after the calculation of the proportional coefficient C (= oxidized PM amount / estimated PM deposition amount) is completed, the processing of step S104 is interrupted in the PM deposition amount estimation / control processing. In this case, instead of the processing in step S107, “processing for subtracting“ oxidized PM amount / C ”from the estimated PM deposition amount” is performed.

  Next, the contents of the filter failure detection process will be described.

  The filter failure detection process is a process of the procedure shown in FIG. 4 executed by the filter failure detection device 30 every time a predetermined time has elapsed.

  That is, since the predetermined time has elapsed, the filter failure detection device 30 that has started this filter failure detection process first determines whether or not a detection precondition is satisfied (step S201).

  Here, the detection precondition is: “Various sensors (differential pressure sensor 28, etc.) used for the subsequent processing are normal and warm-up is completed (the temperature of the PM filter 26 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature). The calculation of the proportionality coefficient C has been completed, the estimated PM accumulation amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the filter regeneration process (the process of step S104 or S105) has not been performed ”.

  When such a detection precondition is not satisfied (step S201; NO), the filter failure detection device 30 ends this filter failure detection processing without performing any particular processing.

  On the other hand, when the detection precondition is satisfied (step S201; YES), the filter failure detection device 30 acquires the filter differential pressure (the pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter 26) from the differential pressure sensor 28. Processing (step S202) is performed. Next, the filter failure detection device 30 acquires the air amount from the air flow meter 19, and performs a process of calculating the exhaust gas flow rate from the acquired air amount and the fuel injection amount at that time (step S203).

  Thereafter, the filter failure detection apparatus 30 calculates the corrected PM accumulation amount by multiplying the estimated PM accumulation amount on the RAM by the proportional coefficient C on the EEPROM (step S204), and corresponds to the calculated corrected PM accumulation amount. The process of reading the attached failure detection threshold D from the failure detection map (step S205) is performed.

  Here, in the failure detection map, the upper limit value of “filter differential pressure / exhaust gas flow rate” that should be determined as the failure of the PM filter 26 is stored as a failure detection threshold for each corrected PM deposition amount. It is a map (table). At the time of creating this failure detection map, the PM filter 26 in various states (new PM filter 26, various PM filters 26 having different cracking levels) between the corrected PM accumulation amount and the filter differential pressure / exhaust gas flow rate. Experiments are being conducted to investigate the relationship. The failure detection map is a map created by determining a failure detection threshold (the shape of the failure detection threshold line in the figure) for each corrected PM deposition amount in the form as shown in FIG. 5 from the experimental results. It has become.

  The filter failure detection device 30 that has prepared the filter differential pressure, the exhaust gas flow rate, and the failure detection threshold value D by performing the processing of steps S202 to S205 (FIG. 4), “filter differential pressure / exhaust gas flow rate> failure detection. It is determined whether or not a threshold value D ″ (differential pressure / flow rate> threshold value D in the figure) is established (step S206).

  Then, when “filter differential pressure / exhaust gas flow rate> failure detection threshold D” is not satisfied (step S206; NO), the filter failure detection device 30 stores that the PM filter 26 has failed. After (step S207), this filter failure detection process is terminated. Further, when “filter differential pressure / exhaust gas flow rate> threshold D” is satisfied (step S206; YES), the filter failure detection device 30 stores that the PM filter 26 is normal (step S208). Then, the filter failure detection process is terminated. Note that the processing actually performed by the filter failure detection device 30 in steps S207 and S208 is based on the value, and the PM filter 26 fails due to a variable that controls the state (ON / OFF) of the warning lamp related to the PM filter 26. This is a process of setting a value indicating whether or not.

  As apparent from the above description, the filter failure detection device 30 according to the first embodiment of the present invention increases the amount of oxidized PM (the amount of heat generated by oxidation of PM in the PM filter 26) when the filter regeneration process is completed for the first time. The proportional coefficient C, which is a ratio of the estimated PM accumulation amount based on the estimated PM accumulation amount (the estimated PM accumulation amount based on the operating state), is calculated in advance, and the actual failure detection of the PM filter 26 (FIG. 4). Reference) is a device that uses a value (corrected PM amount) obtained by multiplying the estimated PM accumulation amount at that time by a proportional coefficient C and the filter differential pressure.

  Then, the amount of oxidized PM is a value in which the amount of fluctuation due to the individual difference of the internal combustion engine 10 is smaller than the estimated amount of accumulated PM. Therefore, if the filter failure detection device 30 according to the present embodiment is used, various components of the internal combustion engine 10 (the fuel injection valve 13 and various sensors whose measured values are used to determine the fuel injection amount). Even if the performance of the filter is greatly different from the standard performance, the state of the PM filter 26 (whether or not it has failed) can be accurately determined.

<< Second Embodiment >>
The filter failure detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a device that is different from the filter failure detection device 30 according to the first embodiment described above only in the content of the PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing to be executed. For this reason, below, only the operation | movement at the time of PM deposition amount estimation and control processing of the filter failure detection apparatus 30 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated using the same code | symbol used at the time of description of 1st Embodiment. To.

  The filter failure detection device 30 according to the second embodiment is a device that performs PM deposition amount estimation / control processing according to the procedure shown in FIG.

  That is, the filter failure detection device 30 that has injected fuel into the fuel injection valve 13 starts this PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing, and firstly, the estimated PM accumulation amount update processing (step S301) as described above. )I do.

  Thereafter, the filter failure detection device 30 determines whether or not the estimated PM accumulation amount is equal to or greater than the regeneration start accumulation amount (step S302). When the estimated PM accumulation amount is less than the regeneration start accumulation amount (step S302; NO), the filter failure detection device 30 ends this PM accumulation amount estimation / control process.

  On the other hand, when the estimated PM accumulation amount is equal to or greater than the regeneration start accumulation amount (step S302; YES), the filter failure detection device 30 performs a filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process (step S303). This filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process is also a process that may be interrupted with the same contents as those already described (see step S105 in FIG. 2).

  When the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process ends without being interrupted, the filter failure detection device 30 calculates the oxidized PM amount / estimated PM deposition amount and stores it as a proportional coefficient C on the EEPROM (step S304). ) And a process of clearing the estimated PM accumulation amount on the RAM to “0” (step S305). Then, the filter failure detection device 30 ends the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process.

  Although not shown, when the filter regeneration / oxidation PM amount calculation process is interrupted, the filter failure detection device 30 may replace “the proportional coefficient C has been calculated” instead of the processes of steps S304 and S305. In this case, the oxidized PM amount / C is subtracted from the estimated PM accumulation amount, and when the proportionality coefficient C has not been calculated, the amount of PM removed by oxidation is calculated from the execution time of the filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process. Then, the process of subtracting the calculated PM amount from the estimated PM deposition amount ”is performed, and then the PM deposition amount estimation / control process is terminated.

  In short, the filter failure detection device 30 according to the present embodiment calculates the proportional coefficient C, which is the ratio of the oxidized PM amount to the estimated PM deposition amount, in the same manner as the filter failure detection device 30 according to the first embodiment. The actual failure detection of the PM filter 26 is performed by using a value (corrected PM amount; see FIG. 4) obtained by multiplying the estimated PM accumulation amount by the proportional coefficient C. However, the filter failure detection device 30 according to the first embodiment does not recalculate the proportionality coefficient C after the filter failure detection device 30 once calculates the proportionality coefficient C. Each time the regeneration of the filter 26 is completely completed, the proportional coefficient C is recalculated (the proportional coefficient C on the EEPROM used for calculating the corrected PM amount is rewritten).

  Therefore, the filter failure detection device 30 has the standard performance of the various components of the internal combustion engine 10 (the fuel injection valve 13 and various sensors whose measured values are used to determine the fuel injection amount). Even if it is greatly different, it is a device that can accurately determine the state of the PM filter 26 (whether or not it has failed), and even if the performance of various components of the internal combustion engine 10 deteriorates due to long-term operation or the like, This is a device that can accurately determine the state of the PM filter 26.

<< Third Embodiment >>
The filter failure detection device according to the third embodiment of the present invention is a device that differs from the filter failure detection device 30 according to the first and second embodiments described above only in the contents of the PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing to be executed. . Therefore, in the following, only the operation during the PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing of the filter failure detection device 30 according to the third embodiment will be described using the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first and second embodiments. I will explain.

  The PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing (hereinafter referred to as third PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing) executed by the filter failure detection device 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the filter failure detection according to the second embodiment. This process is basically the same as the PM accumulation amount estimation / control process (FIG. 6) executed by the apparatus 30.

  However, in the filter failure detection device 30 according to the third embodiment, the lower limit value of the filter differential pressure difference that should be determined that the PM filter 26 has failed is stored for various PM removal amounts as a failure detection threshold. A second failure detection map that is a map (table) is stored. Here, the filter differential pressure difference is a difference in filter differential pressure before and after the completed / interrupted filter regeneration processing (filter differential pressure before filter regeneration processing−filter differential pressure after filter regeneration processing). The PM removal amount is the amount of PM removed from the PM filter 26 by the completed / interrupted filter regeneration process. Note that the second failure detection map includes various PM filters 26 (new PM filters 26, various PM filters 26 having different cracking degrees) in various states for obtaining the relationship between the PM removal amount and the filter differential pressure difference. It was created by conducting an experiment.

  Then, in the third PM accumulation amount estimation / control process, before the process of step S303 is started, a process for obtaining and storing the filter differential pressure at that time is performed, and between the process of step S303 and the subsequent process, Whether or not the process of step S303 is normally completed, the second filter failure detection process of the procedure shown in FIG. 7 is performed.

  That is, at the time of the second filter failure detection processing, first, the filter differential pressure at that time is obtained, and the filter differential pressure difference is calculated from the obtained filter differential pressure and the filter differential pressure stored before the processing of step S303. (Step S401) is performed. Next, a process (step S402) of reading a failure detection threshold value associated with the oxidized PM amount (a PM removal amount that coincides with) calculated by the completed / interrupted step S303 from the second failure detection map is performed. .

  Then, it is determined whether or not the calculated filter differential pressure difference is greater than or equal to the failure detection threshold (step S403). If the filter differential pressure difference is greater than or equal to the failure detection threshold (step S403; YES), the PM filter 26 is After the process of storing the failure (step S404), the second filter failure detection process is terminated. If the filter differential pressure difference is not greater than or equal to the failure detection threshold (step S403; NO), a process for storing that the PM filter 26 is normal (step S405) is performed, and then the second filter failure. The detection process is terminated. It should be noted that the processing actually performed in steps S404 and S405 is based on the value of whether or not the PM filter 26 has failed in a variable that controls the state (ON / OFF) of the warning lamp related to the PM filter 26. This is a process for setting the indicated value.

  As is apparent from the above description, the filter failure detection device 30 according to the third embodiment has the function of determining the state of the PM filter 26 using the same algorithm as the filter failure detection device 30 according to the second embodiment. Thus, the apparatus has a function of determining the state of the PM filter 26 by another algorithm. Since the other algorithm also determines the state of the PM filter 26 based on the PM amount (oxidized PM amount) obtained from the heat generation amount at the time of filter regeneration, the filter failure detection device 30 according to the present embodiment. If this is used, the state of the PM filter 26 can be determined more accurately than the filter failure detection device 30 according to the second embodiment.

<Deformation>
The filter failure detection device 30 according to each embodiment described above can be variously modified.

For example, the filter failure detection apparatus 30 according to each embodiment can be modified to perform filter regeneration processing having a specific content different from that described above. In addition, the filter regeneration / oxidation PM amount calculation process calculates the time during which PM will be completely oxidized and removed from the temperature of the PM filter 26, the estimated PM deposition amount, etc. It can also be transformed into processing.

  However, it is difficult to accurately obtain the time during which PM is completely oxidized and removed from the temperature of the PM filter 26, the estimated amount of accumulated PM, and the like. If the filter regeneration process ends before PM is completely oxidized and removed, an accurate proportionality coefficient C cannot be calculated. Further, when the filter regeneration process is performed longer than necessary, energy (fuel, etc.) is wasted. For this reason, it is desirable to adopt the configuration of the embodiment (a configuration in which the execution time (end timing) of the filter regeneration process is determined based on Tin and Tout) that can accurately determine the timing at which PM is completely oxidized and removed. .

  The PM accumulation amount estimation / control process according to each embodiment may be a process that does not interrupt the initial filter regeneration / oxidized PM amount calculation process. In addition, the filter failure detection device 30 has been described in detail with respect to the specific calculation procedure of various information (estimated PM accumulation amount, oxidized PM amount, etc.) and the specific determination procedure as to whether or not the PM filter 26 has failed. It can also be modified to a different device. For example, the filter failure detection device 30 of the first embodiment can be modified into a device that executes the oxidized PM amount calculation process once every time the filter regeneration process is executed M (≧ 2) times. However, since it is not particularly good to reduce the execution frequency of the oxidation PM amount calculation processing, the configuration of the second embodiment is adopted when it is desired to cope with the deterioration of the performance of various components of the internal combustion engine 10. It is preferable to keep.

  In the filter failure detection device 30 according to the third embodiment, the lower limit value of the filter differential pressure difference that should be determined that the PM filter 26 has failed is the PM removal amount and the initial PM amount (estimated PM accumulation immediately before the start of the filter regeneration process). It is also possible to change to a device provided with a second failure detection map stored in association with each other. Also, the filter failure detection device 30 according to the third embodiment is a device that does not perform filter failure detection processing (see FIG. 4) (a device that performs failure determination of the PM filter 26 using the second failure detection map only during filter regeneration). ).

  Furthermore, the filter failure detection device 30 is a device that does not have the function of executing the engine control process, a device that is composed of several devices connected to each other by a cable, and a device that changes the regeneration start accumulation amount depending on the situation. Needless to say, it may be deformed.

1 is a configuration diagram of an internal combustion engine system in which a filter failure detection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention is used. 5 is a flowchart of PM accumulation amount estimation / control processing executed by the filter failure detection apparatus according to the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the engine exhaust PM amount map referred at the time of PM accumulation amount estimation and control processing. It is a flowchart of the filter failure detection process which the filter failure detection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment performs. It is a figure for demonstrating the content of the failure detection threshold value map referred at the time of a filter failure detection process. It is a flowchart of PM accumulation amount estimation and control processing which the filter failure detection apparatus concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention performs. It is a flowchart of the 2nd filter failure detection process performed in the PM accumulation amount estimation and control process which the filter failure detection apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention performs.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Internal combustion engine 11 ... Cylinder 12 ... Common rail 13 ... Fuel injection valve 15 ... Intake passage 16 ... Turbocharger 16a ... Compressor housing 16b ... Turbine housing 17 ... Intercooler 18 ... Inlet throttle valve 19 ... Air flow meter 20 ... Water temperature sensor 21 ... Crank position sensor 22 ... EGR passage 23 ... EGR cooler 24 ... EGR valve 25 ... Exhaust passage 26 ... PM filter 27i ... Inlet temperature sensor 27o ... Outlet temperature sensor 28 ... Differential pressure sensor 30 ... Filter failure detection device

Claims (1)

A filter failure detection device for detecting whether or not a PM filter for collecting PM in exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine has failed,
Filter regeneration processing execution means capable of executing filter regeneration processing for oxidizing and removing PM accumulated in the PM filter;
Estimated value storage means for storing an estimated value of the amount of PM currently accumulated in the PM filter;
The means for repeating the process of calculating the amount of PM discharged from the internal combustion engine based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine and adding the calculated PM amount to the estimated value on the estimated value storage means, and the filter regeneration process An estimated value updating means that is a means for changing the estimated value on the estimated value storage means to “0” each time the processing is executed and completed by the filter regeneration processing executing means;
The amount of PM calculated from the amount of heat generated by oxidation of PM in the PM filter when the filter regeneration processing is executed by the filter regeneration processing execution means. PM amount calculation processing means for executing calculation processing;
Whether or not the PM filter has failed using at least the filter differential pressure that is the pressure difference between the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the PM filter and the PM amount calculated by the PM amount calculation processing. for example Bei and failure detection means for detecting,
The failure detection means is based on a filter differential pressure difference, which is a difference in filter differential pressure before and after execution of the filter regeneration process by the filter regeneration process execution means, and a PM amount calculated by the PM amount calculation process. A filter failure detection device for detecting whether or not a filter is broken.

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