JP5165042B2 - System power stabilization system, system power stabilization method, and charger / discharger - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a system power stabilization system, a system power stabilization method, and a charger / discharger, and in particular, for each distribution system to which a distributed power source is connected, while minimizing the influence on higher-level substation facilities. The present invention relates to a system power stabilization system, a system power stabilization method, and a charger / discharger that can absorb generated power fluctuations.

  In recent years, the use of so-called new energy has been rapidly expanding due to the promotion of measures against global warming. As the selling price of solar power generation, which is a typical form of new energy, has increased, the penetration rate into office buildings, collectives and private houses has increased. A small-scale power generation facility connected to such a distribution system is called a distributed power source and plays a role of complementing the power produced by a conventional power plant operated by a power company. If it becomes higher, it may be a factor that hinders the stability of the distribution system due to a sudden change in the amount of power generated due to changes in the weather.

  Various solutions have been proposed for the problems associated with the introduction of the distributed power supply. Mainly, for example, a storage battery is connected to a distribution system together with a distributed power source, and it is charged at all times or when power is surplus, and when the power is insufficient, it is discharged from the charged storage battery to compensate for fluctuations in system power. There is a configuration. Also, in anticipation of the rapid spread of electric vehicles (hereinafter referred to as “EV”) in the future, a so-called V2G (Vehicle) that uses a charge / discharge function by connecting a storage battery mounted on an EV to a power distribution system. to Grid) concept has also been proposed.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a power storage device in which a power storage company installs a power storage device as a distributed power source in a customer's power system, and monitors a customer's power load via an information communication network from a control center. The structure of the operation system of the electric power storage apparatus which operates remotely by operating is disclosed. Patent Document 2 is composed of at least two or more unit cells, each having a positive and negative output terminal, a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of each of the unit cells, and a voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit. A configuration of a battery monitoring circuit is disclosed that includes a power line communication circuit that modulates a detection signal into a power line communication signal and outputs the modulated power line communication signal superimposed between the positive and negative output terminals. As a result, voltage information of a plurality of unit cells can be output to the outside through power line communication from the output terminal of the assembled battery using a single power line communication circuit, so that a large number of unit cells are not required for communication. The overcharged state and the overdischarged state can be monitored.

JP 2007-60826 A JP 2009-89453 A

  However, like the power storage device in Patent Document 1, in order to realize power fluctuation complementation (so-called wrinkle removal) of a distributed power source such as solar power generation by the charge / discharge function of the secondary battery, Since charging / discharging to the secondary battery is continuously repeated according to fluctuations in the electric power generated from the power generation facility, it is considered that the life of the secondary battery is adversely affected. In this regard, Patent Document 2 proposes a configuration for monitoring the occurrence of overdischarge, overcharge, etc. of the secondary battery, but the phenomenon that the above-described frequent charge / discharge to the secondary battery is repeated. Since it is not resolved, it is thought that it will not lead to a fundamental solution. In addition, when an EV secondary battery is connected for wrinkle removal, charging / discharging is performed according to the fluctuation status of the grid power regardless of the intention of the EV owner. However, there is a problem that charging may not be performed as expected even though the EV is connected to the power supply in consideration of charging.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above and other problems, and one object of the present invention is to minimize the influence on higher-order substation facilities for each distribution system to which a distributed power source is connected. A system power stabilization system, a system power stabilization method, and a charger / discharger that are capable of absorbing generated power fluctuations while suppressing the limit and that do not apply an excessive load to the secondary battery for power fluctuation absorption. Is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention is a system power stabilization system for suppressing fluctuations in system power generated in a distribution system having a distributed power source, wherein the supplied power in the distribution system is A power management device that detects the fluctuation amount of the supplied power, and charging from the power distribution system to a secondary battery mounted device that is connected to the power distribution system and is equipped with a secondary battery. About the charger / discharger for discharging to the power distribution system, the charger / discharger controller for controlling the execution state of the charging or discharging operation, and the charger / discharger is allowed to perform the charging operation or perform the discharging operation. A charge / discharge operation setting unit for setting whether or not the power management device determines that the fluctuation amount generated in the supply power of the power distribution system exceeds a predetermined threshold, the charger / discharger Of the above Check the setting state of the discharge operation setting unit, and determine that there is the charger / discharger capable of performing the charge or discharge operation of the connected secondary battery mounted device in order to minimize the fluctuation amount. In such a case, the charging / discharging device that determines the combination of charging / discharging devices that enables the charging or discharging operation that minimizes the fluctuation amount is sent from the charging / discharging device to the charging / discharging device. It is characterized by.

  According to the system power stabilization system, the system power stabilization method, and the charger / discharger according to one aspect of the present invention, the influence on the higher-order substation facilities is minimized for each distribution system to which the distributed power source is connected. It is possible to absorb the generated power fluctuation while suppressing it to the limit, and to exert an effect of not applying an excessive load to the secondary battery for power fluctuation absorption.

It is the distribution substation schematic diagram which installed the system power stabilization system 1 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the charger / discharger 500 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 2 is a configuration example of a computer 10 used in the system power stabilization system 1. 3 is a diagram illustrating a software configuration example of a master station device 2000 of the system power stabilization system 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the software structural example of the relay station apparatus 3000 of the system power stabilization system 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the charger / discharger information table. It is a figure which shows an example of the system | strain stabilization processing flow performed with the main | base station apparatus 2000 grade | etc.,. It is a figure which shows an example of the stabilization process flow at the time of the power reduction performed with the main | base station apparatus 2000 grade | etc.,. It is a figure which shows an example of the stabilization process flow at the time of the power increase performed with the main | base station apparatus 2000 grade | etc.,. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of another system notification process flow executed by the master station device 2000. It is a figure which shows an example of the system | strain stabilization process flow performed with the master station apparatus 2000 grade | etc., Which received the notification from another system | strain.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in accordance with an embodiment thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

== Outline of grid power stabilization system ==
FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a distribution / transformation system to which a system power stabilization system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. In the distribution substation system of FIG. 1, two distribution systems, an x distribution system and a y distribution system, are connected to a subordinate substation 100, and power is supplied from the distribution substations 200 and 300, respectively. The substation 100 is further connected to a higher-level substation (such as a high-voltage substation or extra high-voltage substation), and receives power from the substation 100 to step down. The substation 200 of the x distribution system and the substation of the y distribution system 300 is supplying power.

  Transformers 2100, 2200, and 2300 are connected to the distribution substation 200 of the x distribution system, and AC 200V or AC 100V power is supplied to each consumer. Similarly, transformers 3100 and 3200 are connected to the distribution substation 300 of the y distribution system.

  In the x power distribution system, the transformers 2100, 2200, and 2300 of each customer are connected to inverters 2120, 2220, and 2320, and solar cells (PhotoVoltaic cells, “PV”) 2130, 2230, and 2330, and chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, and 2340, respectively. Is connected. In the y distribution system, chargers / dischargers 3140 and 3240 are connected to the transformers 3100 and 3200 of each consumer, respectively, and an inverter 3130 and PV 3130 are further connected to the transformer 3100 of the upstream consumer.

  Inverters 2120, 2220, 2320, and 3120 and PVs 2130, 2230, 2330, and 3130 are combined to constitute a photovoltaic power generation facility. The PVs 2130, 2230, 2330 and 3130 receive sunlight and generate DC power corresponding to the intensity thereof. The inverters 2120, 2220, 2320, and 3120 have a function of converting DC power from the PVs 2130, 2230, 2330, and 3130 into AC power and returning it to the distribution system. Since the electromotive force of PV2130, 2230, 2330, 3130 varies greatly depending on the intensity of sunlight, when the power from PV2130, 2230, 2330, 3130 suddenly decreases due to changes in weather (from fine weather to cloudy weather), The amount of power to be supplied from the distribution substations 200 and 300 to each distribution system increases rapidly. Conversely, when the power from the PVs 2130, 2230, 2330, and 3130 increases rapidly, the surplus power in each distribution system increases.

  Chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, and 3240 are connected to the transformers 2100, 2200, 2300, 3100, and 3200 of each consumer. Each of the chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, and 3240 is connected to an electrical device equipped with a secondary battery, such as an EV. Each charger / discharger 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, 3240 receives a control command from the later master station device 210, 310 via the relay station device 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, 3210, It has a function of controlling charging to or discharging from a connected secondary battery. The configuration and operation of the charger / discharger 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, 3240 will be described later.

  Next, the configuration of the system power stabilization system 1 applied to the above distribution system will be described. The grid power stabilization system 1 includes a higher-order substation device 110, parent station devices 210 and 310 (power management devices), and relay station devices 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, and 3210, and the higher-order substation device 110 and the parent station device. 210, 310, and master station devices 210, 310 and relay station devices 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, 3210 are communicably connected via a communication line 400. Chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, and 3240 installed in each consumer are elements that constitute the grid power stabilization system 1.

  The upper substation apparatus 110 is a computer having a function of acquiring information from the master station apparatus 210 of the x distribution system and the master station apparatus 310 of the y distribution system, and monitoring and managing the operating status of both distribution systems. In this embodiment, since it is the structure which absorbs the electric power fluctuation | variation in each distribution system at the level of the distribution system, it is not included in the structure of the system power stabilization system 1 of this embodiment.

  The master station devices 210 and 310 monitor system power fluctuations in the x and y distribution systems, respectively, determine whether or not the power fluctuations in each distribution system exceed a predetermined threshold, and charge / discharge according to the determination result. The charging / discharging setting of the electric devices 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, 3240 is controlled. Further, each master station device 210, 310 cannot absorb power fluctuation in the x, y distribution system managed by itself by the control of the chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, 3240 in the distribution system. In some cases, it also has a function of absorbing power fluctuations in cooperation with other master station devices 210 and 310.

  The relay station devices 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, 3210 are connected to the transformers 2100, 2200, 2300, 3100, 3200 installed in each consumer and monitor the power supply status to each consumer, It has a function of relaying control commands from the master station devices 210 and 310 to the chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, and 3240. Therefore, each of the chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, and 3240 and the relay station devices 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, and 3210 are communicably connected via the communication line 400.

  The communication line 400 may be any data communication line that connects computers. For example, a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide Area Network), or a dedicated line is adopted.

  Note that consumer devices other than those illustrated may be connected to the x and y distribution systems, and the upper substation 100 may further include a distribution system other than the x and y distribution systems.

== Configuration of charger / discharger ==
Next, the configuration of the chargers / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, 3240 used in the system power stabilization system 1 of the present embodiment will be described. In addition, since the charger / dischargers 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, 3240 have the same configuration, the charger / discharger alone is hereinafter referred to as the charger / discharger 500. In FIG. 2, the structural example of the charger / discharger 500 is shown. The charger / discharger 500 controls the charging of the secondary battery mounted on the device connected to the charger / discharger 500 from the power distribution system, and discharges the power from the device to the power distribution system from the master station devices 210 and 310. It has a function to switch according to.

  The charger / discharger 500 includes a watt-hour meter 510, an AC / DC converter 520, changeover switches 531, 532, 533, a backflow prevention unit 540, a charge / discharge setting device 550, and a charger / discharger controller 560. The watt-hour meter 510, the AC / DC converter 520, the selector switches 531, 532, 533, the backflow prevention unit 540, and the charge / discharge setting device 550 are connected to the transformers 2100, 2200, 2300, 3100, 3200 and the charger / discharger 500. The charging / discharging circuit in the charger / discharger 500 is configured by being interposed in a power line between the secondary battery mounted device. The charger / discharger control unit 560 has a function of managing and controlling the charge / discharge circuit. The plug 570 is connected to a charging connection plug PLG provided in a secondary battery mounted device connected to the charger / discharger 500, for example, EV. Not only the charging current but also information such as the amount of power during charging / discharging is transmitted to the charger / discharger controller 560 of the charger / discharger 500 via the connection plug PLG for charging and the plug 570 of the charger / discharger 500. In this case, the charger / discharger 500 and the EV can be communicably connected in accordance with JEVS (Japan Electric Vehicle Standard) and other communication standards.

  The watt-hour meter 510 is an AC wattmeter for measuring the charge power from the distribution system or the discharge power from the secondary battery-equipped device to the distribution system. It is transmitted to the charge / discharge management unit 561 of the electric appliance control unit 560.

  The AC / DC converter 520 is a power converter for converting the AC charging current from the distribution system into DC, and the DC discharge current from the secondary battery mounted device into AC, for example, a converter / power converter with a semiconductor power element. It can be configured as an inverter.

  The change-over switches 531, 532, and 533 are a switch group for setting whether the charge / discharge circuit in the charger / discharger 500 is configured as a charge circuit, a discharge circuit, a charge / discharge circuit, or the master station device. In accordance with control commands from 210 and 310, switching is performed by a control signal from a charge / discharge management unit 561 of a charger / discharger control unit 560 described later. The changeover switch 531 switches the discharge circuit on and off, and the changeover switch 533 switches the charging circuit on and off. The changeover switch 532 sets a charge / discharge circuit that can selectively switch between the charge circuit and the discharge circuit. In FIG. 2, the change-over switches 531, 532, and 533 are shown as mechanical contacts, but any means having a switching function such as an appropriate switching element may be used.

  The backflow prevention unit 540 is, for example, a diode group provided to prevent backflow of charge / discharge current in the charge / discharge circuit configured by the changeover switches 531, 532, and 533.

  The charging / discharging setting device 550 is configured to charge the function of the charging / discharging device 500 for the secondary battery mounted device connected to the charging / discharging device 500 according to the needs of the customer where the charging / discharging device 500 is installed. This is a manual switch for the customer to set whether to use only for discharging, or to enable both charging and discharging according to the power supply / demand situation on the distribution system side. With this charge / discharge setting device 550, the discharge circuit via the plug 570 is set via the changeover switch 531 and the charge circuit is set via the changeover switch 533. When the charge / discharge setting device 550 is set to “charge” or “discharge”, charging to the secondary battery mounted device such as EV or discharging timing from the device is controlled by the changeover switch 531 or 533. . When “charge / discharge” is set by the charge / discharge setting device 550, a charge / discharge circuit via the changeover switch 532 is configured, and the changeover switch 532 charges the secondary battery mounted device such as an EV or the like. The discharge timing from these devices is controlled. In other words, when the charge / discharge setting device 550 is set to “charge” or “discharge”, charging / discharging with the secondary battery-equipped device against the intention of the consumer is performed depending on the power supply / demand condition on the distribution system side. It will never be.

  The charge / discharge setting device 550 is also provided with a time condition setting unit 551. The time condition setting unit 551 uses a time condition related to charging of the secondary battery mounted device by the customer, for example, “midnight charge setting” where a late-night discount of the electric charge is received, or a secondary battery mounted device such as an EV. This is a setting unit that allows a charging time zone condition such as “timer charging setting” that can be set as any chargeable time to be set. The time condition setting unit 551 is provided with an input / output interface (a liquid crystal display with a touch panel, a button switch, a dial switch, etc.) having an arbitrary configuration that enables the customer to perform the above setting. It is transmitted to the charge / discharge management unit 561 of the control unit 560. Depending on the power supply / demand status of the distribution / transformation system, load creation considering the charging time zone conditions set in the charger / discharger 500, that is, the charging time zone conditions, is considered for the local power system and other nearby power distribution systems. Even when the control for newly setting the charger / discharger 500 that performs the charging operation is executed, the system power fluctuation may not be sufficiently absorbed. In the present embodiment, when it is determined that urgent load creation is necessary in this way, the charger / discharger 500 that does not satisfy the charging time zone setting set by the time condition setting unit 551 is also described later. A configuration in which the charging / discharging device 500 can be forcibly charged from the master station devices 210 and 310 through the charging / discharging device control unit 560 can be adopted.

  The charger / discharger control unit 560 acquires, for the charger / discharger 500, the measurement result of the watt-hour meter 510 and transfers it to the relay station device and the master station devices 210 and 310, the charge / discharge setting device 550 and the time condition setting. The setting state of the unit 551 is acquired and transferred to the relay station device and the master station devices 210 and 310, which are executed by the charge / discharge management unit 561. The charger / discharger control unit 560 can be configured by, for example, a programmable one-chip microcomputer or the like, and the charge / discharge management unit 561 can be realized as a control program executed on the microcomputer.

  The charger / discharger controller 560 is also provided with an EV interface (EVI / F) 562 and a communication interface (communication I / F) 563. The EVI / F 562 is an interface circuit that receives connection device information such as charge / discharge power information from the EV according to a predetermined communication standard as described above. The received connection device information is received by the charge / discharge management unit 561 by the relay station device, the parent device, and the like. It is transferred to the station devices 210 and 310. The communication I / F 563 is a communication interface circuit connected to relay station apparatuses 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, and 3210, which will be described later, via the communication line 400.

== Master station apparatuses 210 and 310, relay station apparatuses 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, and 3210 ==
Next, configurations and operations of the master station apparatuses 210 and 310 and the relay station apparatuses 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, and 3210 will be described. As in the case of the charger / discharger 500, when referring to the master station device alone and the relay station device alone, they are indicated as the master station device 2000 and the relay station device 3000, respectively. FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the computer 10 that can be used as the master station device 2000 and the relay station device 3000.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the computer 10 includes a processor 11, a memory 12, an auxiliary storage device 13, an input device 14, an output device 15, and a communication interface (hereinafter “communication I / F”) 16. The processor 11, the memory 12, the auxiliary storage device 13, the input device 14, the output device 15, and the communication I / F 16 are connected via a bus 17 so as to communicate with each other.

  The processor 11 is a central processing unit for executing programs for realizing the functions of the master station device 2000 and the relay station device 3000 described later, and is configured as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), or the like, for example. Is done. The memory 12 is a storage medium that stores programs, various tables, and the like, and includes, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a ROM (Read Only Memory). The auxiliary storage device 13 is a storage medium for storing programs, various data, and the like, and includes, for example, a hard disk drive (Hard Disk Drive, HDD), a semiconductor storage drive (Solid State Drive, SSD), and the like.

  The input device 14 is a user interface for receiving an operation input by a worker of an electric power company who manages a power distribution system, for example, and includes, for example, devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel. The output device 15 is a data output unit for outputting a user interface screen, various data, and the like, and includes, for example, a liquid crystal monitor, a printer, and the like. The communication I / F 16 is a part that provides a communication function between the other master station device 2000 and the relay station device 3000, and includes, for example, a NIC (Network Interface Card) or the like. The communication I / F 146 may have a wireless LAN function or a data exchange function with a mobile communication network.

  Note that the operating system (operating system, OS, and later) operating in the master station device 2000 or the relay station device 3000 is not particularly limited to a specific system. For example, Windows (registered trademark) and UNIX (registered trademark) operating systems such as Linux (registered trademark) are preferably used as the OS.

  Next, software configurations of the master station device 2000 and the relay station device 3000 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 shows an example of the software configuration of the master station device 2000, and FIG. 5 shows an example of the software configuration of the relay station device 3000. As shown in FIG. 4, the master station device 2000 includes a data I / O unit 2100, an OS 2200, a system power management unit 2300, and a charge / discharge setting management unit 2400. The master station device 2000 holds a charger / discharger information table 2500 referred to by the charge / discharge setting management unit 2400.

  The data I / O unit 2100 executes data input / output processing between the processor 11, the input device 14, the output device 15, and the communication I / F 16 under the control of the OS 2200.

  The OS 2200 is basic software that provides a basis for data input / output processing by the data I / O unit 2100, operation of the system power management unit 2300, and the charge / discharge setting management unit 2400. As the OS 2200, various types of software as exemplified above with respect to the hardware configuration of the computer 10 that can be used as the master station device 2000 can be employed.

  The grid power management unit 2300 includes grid power in each distribution system (x and y distribution systems in FIG. 1 in this embodiment) (tidal power flowing to the load of the distribution system, and PVs 2130, 2230, 2330, 3130 of each consumer or The fluctuation of the reverse power flow returned from the charger / discharger 500 is measured at each distribution substation 200, 300, and is caused by the sudden change in electromotive force of PV 2130, 2230, 2330, 3130, 3230 installed in each consumer. When a possible rapid decrease or increase in system power is detected, the charge / discharge setting management unit 2400 described later has a function of executing charge / discharge state control of the charger / discharger 500 for stabilizing the system power.

  The charge / discharge setting management unit 2400 acquires the charge / discharge state of each charger / discharger 500 via the relay station device 3000 described later, and stores it in the charger / discharger information table 2500 described later. Specifically, the charging / discharging setting management unit 2400 is configured such that the setting state of the charging / discharging setting device 550 in each charging / discharging device 500, the setting state of the time condition setting unit 551, and the charging / discharging device control unit 560 from the secondary battery mounted device. The acquired connected device information is acquired from each charger / discharger 500 via the relay station device 3000 and stored in the charger / discharger information table 2500. In addition, the relay station apparatus 3000 which acquires information from the charger / discharger controller 560 or the charger / discharger controller 560 of each charger / discharger 500 is periodically (for example, every minute) the master station device 2000. You may comprise so that it may transmit to.

  Next, the charger / discharger information table 2500 will be described. The charger / discharger information table 2500 is generated in the memory 12 of the parent station device 2000 when the operation of the parent station device 2000 is started, and is retained thereafter. As described above, recording data to the charger / discharger information table 2500 described later may be configured such that the master station device 2000 instructs each charger / discharger 500 to acquire the data. The charging / discharging device control unit 560 or the relay station device 3000 that acquires information from the charging / discharging device control unit 560 may transmit the information to the master station device 2000 periodically (for example, every minute). FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of the charger / discharger information table 2500 in the present embodiment.

  The charger / discharger information table 2500 stores data collected for each item of the charger / discharger ID 2510, charge / discharge selection switch setting information 2520, charge mode selection information 2530, charge / discharge switching state information 2540, and connected device information 2550. Is done.

  The charger / discharger ID 2510 is an identification code for mutually identifying the charger / discharger 500 installed in a consumer connected to each distribution system. In the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, an identification code “A, B, C,...” Is assigned to each distribution system, but the identification code may be assigned in another manner.

  In the item of the charge / discharge selection switch setting information 2520, the state set by each consumer for the charge / discharge selection switch 550 provided in each charger / discharger 500 is “charge”, “discharge”, and “charge / discharge”. It is recorded as any information of “discharge”.

  In the item of the charging mode selection information 2530, the state set by each consumer for the time condition setting unit 551 of the charging / discharging selection switch 550 provided in each charging / discharging device 500 is “timer (charging permission time zone). Information is included) ”or“ midnight ”. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the charging permission time zone information is recorded as “timer (21: 0 to 04:00)”, and in this case, the consumer only has a time zone of “21:00 to 04:00”. The charging of the secondary battery mounted device connected to the charger / discharger 500 is permitted ". As described above, in the situation where emergency load creation is necessary, the setting of the charging permission time zone is overridden.

  In the item of charge / discharge switching status information 2540, the status of the selector switches 531, 532, and 533 provided in each charger / discharger 500 is recorded as either “charge” or “discharge” information.

  The item of the connected device information 2550 includes the value of the tidal power or reverse power flow expected when the secondary battery mounted device connected to each charger / discharger 500 is charged from the power distribution system or discharged to the power distribution system. Recorded in units. As illustrated in FIG. 6, a positive sign is assigned to the tidal power, and a negative sign is assigned to the reverse power. As will be described later, when the master station device 2000 reduces and stabilizes power fluctuations in the distribution system managed by itself, the master station device 2000 is connected to any of the chargers / dischargers 500 (secondary devices such as EVs). Whether to charge or discharge the battery-equipped device) is calculated or determined based on the recorded content of the connected device information 2550.

  Next, returning to the description of the relay station device 3000, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the relay station device 3000 includes a data I / O unit 3100, an OS 3200, a data relay processing unit 3300, and a charge / discharge power monitoring unit 3400. ing.

  The data I / O unit 3100 executes data input / output processing between the processor 11, the input device 14, the output device 15, and the communication I / F 16 under the control of the OS 3200.

  The OS 3200 is basic software that provides a foundation for the operation of the data input / output processing by the data I / O unit 3100, the data relay processing unit 3300, and the charge / discharge power monitoring unit 3400. Similar to the master station device 2000, various software as exemplified above with respect to the hardware configuration of the computer 10 that can be used as the relay station device 3000 can be adopted as the OS 3200.

  The data relay processing unit 3300 is a charge / discharge selection switch setting that is sent from each charger / discharger 500 connected to the power distribution system via the charger / discharger control unit 560 at the customer where the relay station device 3000 is provided. A process of transferring each information of the information 2520, the charging mode selection information 2530, the charge / discharge switching state information 2540, and the connected device information 2550 to the master station device 2000 is executed. When transferring such information, the charger / discharger ID 2510 attached to each information is also transferred from the charger / discharger controller 560 of each charger / discharger 500. Note that the data relay processing unit 3300 may periodically send an instruction to the charger / discharger control unit 560 of each charger / discharger 500 to acquire the information.

  The charge / discharge power monitoring unit 3400 continuously measures the tidal power or the reverse tidal power at each consumer where the relay station device 3000 is provided.

  Data I / O unit 2100, OS 2200, system power management unit 2300, and charging / discharging setting management unit 2400 of master station device 2000, data I / O unit 3100, OS 3200, data relay processing unit 3300, and charging unit 3300 of relay station device 3000 The discharge power monitoring unit 3400 is realized by executing a computer program having a corresponding function by the processor 11 of the computer 10.

== Description of grid power stabilization processing flow ==
Next, data processing executed in the grid power stabilization system 1 realized by the above configuration will be described. FIG. 7 shows an example of a system power stabilization process flow executed by the master station device 2000, the relay station device 3000, and the charger / discharger 500 provided in the system power stabilization system 1. In FIG. 7, the letter “S” given to each processing step represents “Step”, and so on. FIG. 7 focuses on a distribution system to which power is supplied by one distribution substation (distribution substation 200 or 300 in FIG. 1), and the master station device 2000 managing the distribution system in the distribution system. Shows the data processing mainly executed.

  First, the master station device 2000 sends a charging / discharging device information acquisition request to the relay station device 3000 in order to acquire information (hereinafter referred to as “charging / discharging device information”) recorded in the charging / discharging device information table 2500 of FIG. It is sent out (S701). The relay station device 3000 transfers this charger / discharger information acquisition request to each consumer's charger / discharger 500, and each charger / discharger 500 receives this acquisition request at the charger / discharger controller 560 (S702, S703). .

  Upon receiving the acquisition request, the charger / discharger controller 560 of the charger / discharger 500 selects the charge / discharge from the charge / discharge selection switch 500, the time condition setting unit 551, and the changeover switches 531, 532, 533 via the charge / discharge management unit 561. The switch setting information 2520, the charging mode selection information 2530, the charge / discharge switching state information 2540, and the connected device information 2550 are acquired and transmitted to the relay station device 3000 as the charger / discharger information together with its own charger / discharger ID 2510 (S704). The relay station device 3000 transfers the charger / discharger information received from each charger / discharger 500 to the master station device 2000 (S705), and the master station device 2000 stores the received charger / discharger information in the charger / discharger information table 2500. Record.

  Next, the master station device 2000 determines whether the absolute value of the fluctuation amount ΔP of the grid power amount monitored by the grid power management unit 2300 is larger than ½ of the grid power amount (S707). . For example, when the grid power stabilization process flow of FIG. 7 is executed every minute, the current grid power amount is compared to the previous grid power amount measured by the grid power management unit 2300 of the master station device 2000. It is determined whether it has shown a variation that exceeds half or double. When it is determined that the absolute value of the fluctuation amount ΔP is ½ or less of the system power amount (S707, No), the system power management unit 2300 performs the process because the system power stabilization process is unnecessary in this embodiment. Return to S701. In addition, the reference | standard for determining the necessity of this system power stabilization process is not restricted to said example, It can set suitably.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in S707 that the absolute value of the fluctuation amount ΔP is larger than ½ of the grid power amount (S707, Yes), the grid power management unit 2300 determines whether the power amount fluctuation is a decrease. (S708) When it is determined that the power is decreasing (S708, Yes), the power reduction stabilization process is executed (S709). When it is determined that the power is not decreasing (increase) (S708, No), when the power is increasing A stabilization process (S710) is executed. Details of the power reduction stabilization process S709 and the power increase stabilization process S710 will be described later.

  Next, the grid power management unit 2300 measures the grid power amount after performing either the power decrease stabilization process S709 or the power increase stabilization process S710, and determines whether the grid power fluctuation amount ΔP has been reduced. (S711). Specifically, for example, the grid power management unit 2300 determines that the grid power fluctuation amount ΔP has been reduced if the deviation between the grid power amount measured this time and the grid power amount before the occurrence of the fluctuation is 1% or less. Can be set. When it is determined that the system power fluctuation amount ΔP has been reduced (S711, Yes), the system power management unit 2300 proceeds to S701 because the system power amount stabilization has been achieved by the system stabilization process in the own distribution system. Transition.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in S711 that the system power fluctuation amount ΔP is not reduced (S711, No), the system power management unit 2300 determines whether or not an emergency load needs to be created (S712). As described with respect to the time condition setting unit 551 of the charger / discharger 500, the emergency load creation is sufficient even when the system power fluctuation is sufficient even when the charging operation according to the charging time zone condition is started in the own system and neighboring other systems. When it is determined that the charging / discharging device 500 is not stable, the charging operation is started for the charger / discharger 500 outside the charging permission time zone to create a new load. When it is determined in S712 that emergency load creation is necessary (S712, Yes), the system power management unit 2300 stores an emergency flag creation in an appropriate address in the memory 12, for example, by storing an emergency flag. (S713). Note that the emergency flag is set when it is determined that the power fluctuation of the own system is not sufficiently stabilized even if all the master station devices 2000 of the neighboring other distribution systems request power stabilization processing. .

  If it is determined in S712 that emergency load creation is not necessary (S712, No), another system that notifies the master station apparatus 210 or 310 (2000) of another distribution system to execute the system power stabilization process A notification process is executed (S714), and the process returns to S701.

  According to the above system power stabilization processing, control is performed so that system power fluctuations that occur in a certain distribution system are restored to stability within the local distribution system without affecting the upper-level substation equipment as much as possible. can do. In addition, when sufficient charge load cannot be obtained by cooperation between the self-distribution system and other distribution systems, the emergency load is created beyond the charge / discharge setting on the charger / discharger 500 side. It is possible to suppress as much as possible the influence of the spillover to the upper distribution and substation system.

  Next, processing contents of the power reduction stabilization process S709 and the power increase stabilization process S710 in the system power stabilization process flow of FIG. 7 will be described. FIG. 8 shows a processing flow example of the power reduction stabilization process S709. The sudden decrease in system power is caused by an event such as a rapid increase in the power generated by PV in the distribution system or a rapid decrease in power consumption in the distribution system, indicating a situation where surplus power is generated. Therefore, in the power reduction stabilization process S709, in order to increase the power consumption in the distribution system, the control of each charger / discharger 500 so as to generate an amount of charging power demand corresponding to the power decrease in the distribution system. I do.

  First, the system power management unit 2300 of the master station device 2000 calculates the detected system power decrease amount ΔP, and temporarily records the value in, for example, the memory 12 (S801).

  Next, the system power management unit 2300 refers to the charger / discharger information table 2500 and sets the charge / discharge selection switch 500 to “charge” or “charge / discharge” in the charger / discharger 500 connected to the self-distribution system. It is determined whether or not there is an item that has been set (S803). This is a process for investigating whether there is a charger / discharger 500 that can newly start charging in order to supplement the decrease in system power. When it is determined that the charge / discharge selection switch 500 is not set to “charge” or “charge / discharge” (S803, No), since there is no charger / discharger 500 that can newly start charging, The process ends.

  When it is determined that the charge / discharge selection switch 500 is set to “charge” or “charge / discharge” (S803, Yes), the grid power management unit 2300 then sets each charge / discharge set to be chargeable. Whether or not the time condition by the time condition setting unit 551 is set for the electric device 500 is checked by the recorded contents of the charging mode selection information 2530 of the charger / discharger information table 2500, and the current time held by the master station device 2000 In contrast, it is determined whether the battery can be charged at present (S804). When it is determined that there is no charger / discharger 500 that can be charged in comparison with the current time (S804, No), the grid power management unit 2300 refers to the state of the emergency flag described with respect to S713 in FIG. It is determined whether an emergency load needs to be created (S806). When it determines with emergency load creation being required (S806, Yes), the system power management part 2300 performs the process of S805 including the charger / discharger 500 which does not satisfy | fill the charge time slot | zone conditions.

If it is determined in S806 that emergency load creation is not necessary (No in S806), the process is terminated as it is because there is no charger / discharger 500 that can newly start charging.
When it is determined that there is a charger / discharger 500 that can be charged in comparison with the current time (S804, Yes), the grid power management unit 2300 has connected device information 2550 recorded in the charger / discharger information table 2500. Is determined, and the combination of the charger / discharger 500 having the charge amount closest to the value of the system power reduction amount ΔP is determined (S805).

  Next, according to the combination of the target charger / discharger 500 from the system power management unit 2300, the charge / discharge setting management unit 2400 issues a switching command for the changeover switches 532, 533 to the target charger / discharger 500 to start charging. Transmit (S807). The switching command is transferred by the relay station device 3000 (S808) and received by the charger / discharger controller 560 of the target charger / discharger 500 (S809). Receiving the switching command, the charger / discharger control unit 560 switches the selector switches 532 and 533 that it controls according to the switching command (S810).

  The charger / discharger controller 560 of the charger / discharger 500 then sends a switching completion notification (S811), and the relay station device 3000 transfers the received switching completion notification to the master station device 2000 (S812). When the switching completion notification is received from the relay station device 3000, the charge / discharge setting management unit 2400 of the master station device 2000 ends the power reduction stabilization processing (S813), and returns the processing to the power stabilization processing flow of FIG.

  According to the power reduction stabilization process described above, when there is a combination of the charger / discharger 500 that consumes the charging power corresponding to the system power reduction amount of the distribution system detected by the master station device 2000, the charger / discharger 500 is provided. Since charging can be started, the reduced electric energy can be supplemented in the distribution system. In addition, when sufficient charge load cannot be obtained by cooperation between the self-distribution system and other distribution systems, the emergency load is created beyond the charge / discharge setting on the charger / discharger 500 side. It is possible to suppress as much as possible the influence of the spillover to the upper distribution and substation system.

  Next, the processing content of the power increase stabilization process S710 in the system power stabilization process flow of FIG. 7 will be described. FIG. 9 shows a processing flow example of the power increase stabilization process S710. The rapid increase in system power is caused by an event such as a rapid decrease in the power generated by PV in the distribution system or a rapid increase in power consumption in the distribution system, indicating a situation where the supply of system power is becoming insufficient. . Therefore, in the power increase stabilization process S710, in order to increase the power supply in the distribution system, each charger / discharger 500 is controlled so as to generate an amount of discharge power commensurate with the power increase in the distribution system. Do.

First, the grid power management unit 2300 of the master station device 2000 calculates the detected grid power increase amount ΔP, and temporarily records the value in, for example, the memory 12 (S901).
Next, the system power management unit 2300 refers to the charger / discharger information table 2500 and sets the charge / discharge selection switch 500 to “discharge” or “charge / discharge” in the charger / discharger 500 connected to the self-distribution system. It is determined whether or not there is an item that has been set (S902, S903). This is a process for examining whether there is a charger / discharger 500 that can be newly discharged to absorb the increase in system power. If it is determined that there is no charge / discharge selection switch 500 set to “discharge” or “charge / discharge” (No in S903), there is no charger / discharger 500 that can newly start discharge, so that The process ends.

  When it is determined that the charge / discharge selection switch 500 is set to “discharge” or “charge / discharge” (S903, Yes), the system power management unit 2300 is recorded in the charger / discharger information table 2500. The connected device information 2550 is examined, and the combination of the charger / discharger 500 that is the discharge amount closest to the value of the system power increase amount ΔP is determined (S904).

  Next, according to the combination of the target charger / discharger 500 from the system power management unit 2300, the charge / discharge setting management unit 2400 issues a switching command for the changeover switches 531 and 532 to the target charger / discharger 500 to start charging. Transmit (S905). The switching command is transferred by the relay station device 3000 (S906) and received by the charger / discharger controller 560 of the target charger / discharger 500 (S907). Receiving the switching command, the charger / discharger control unit 560 switches the selector switches 531 and 532 controlled by the charger / discharger according to the switching command (S908).

  The charger / discharger controller 560 of the charger / discharger 500 then sends a switching completion notification (S909), and the relay station device 3000 transfers the received switching completion notification to the master station device 2000 (S910). When the switching completion notification is received from the relay station device 3000, the charge / discharge setting management unit 2400 of the master station device 2000 ends the power increase stabilization processing (S911), and returns the processing to the power stabilization processing flow of FIG.

  According to the above power increase stabilization process, when there is a combination of chargers / dischargers 500 that supply discharge power corresponding to the system power increase amount of the distribution system detected by the master station device 2000, the chargers / dischargers 500 are provided. Since the discharge can be started, the increased amount of electric power can be absorbed in the distribution system.

  Next, the processing content of the other system notification process S712 in the system power stabilization process flow of FIG. 7 will be described. FIG. 10 shows a processing flow example of the other system notification processing S712. The other system notification process S712 is performed when it is determined that the fluctuation of the system power amount cannot be absorbed by the control of the charger / discharger 500 by the master station device 2000 in any of the distribution systems shown in FIG. This is a process of notifying the master station device 2000 that is performing charge / discharge management of other power distribution systems to notify necessary information in order to supplement power fluctuations that cannot be absorbed by the self power distribution system.

First, the system power management unit 2300 of the master station device 2000 determines whether the system power fluctuation that it is trying to deal with is a decrease in power amount or an increase in power amount, and temporarily stores the type in the memory 12, for example. (S1001).
Next, the system power management unit 2300 calculates a power amount that is insufficient with respect to the detected system power fluctuation amount ΔP (S1002), and determines any other power distribution system along with the type of decrease or increase in power amount. The master station device 2000 to be managed is notified and the process is terminated (S1003).

  The other master station device 2000 to be notified may be determined in advance, or may be determined flexibly by exchanging information regarding the operating status with the other master station device 2000. Also good.

  According to the other system notification process described above, when it is determined that the master station device 2000 that manages the charger / discharger 500 in the distribution system in a certain distribution system cannot absorb fluctuations in the system power only within the distribution system, It is possible to request the master station device 2000 of another power distribution system to supplement the power amount that is insufficient for supplementing the power amount fluctuation.

  Next, in the system power stabilization process flow of FIG. 7, data processing executed by the master station device 2000 and the like of another distribution system that has been notified by the other system notification process in S711 will be described. FIG. 11 shows an example of a system power stabilization process flow executed by the master station device 2000, the relay station device 3000, and the charger / discharger 500 that has received a notification from the master station device 2000 of another distribution system. In the following, processing different from the processing flow of FIG. 7 will be mainly described.

  First, the master station device 2000 receives the charger / discharger information from the charger / discharger 500 connected to the self-distribution system and records it in the charger / discharger information table 2500 as in the case of FIG. 7 (S1101 to S1101). S1106).

  Next, the master station device 2000 includes the type of power reduction or increase from the master station device 2000 and the insufficient power amount by the other system notification process executed by the master station device 2000 in another distribution system. A notification is received (S1107). Next, the grid power management unit 2300 determines whether the power amount fluctuation is a decrease based on whether the received notification is a type of decrease or increase in power amount (S1108). If the notification is a decrease (S1108, Yes) ), A power reduction stabilization process is executed (S1109), and if it is not decreasing (increase) (S1108, No), a power increase stabilization process (S1110) is executed. The processing contents of the power reduction stabilization process S1109 and the power increase stabilization process S1110 are the same as those described with reference to the processing flow of FIG.

  Next, the grid power management unit 2300 measures the grid power amount after executing either the power decrease stabilization process S1109 or the power increase stabilization process S1110, and hereinafter, S711 and S712 in the process flow of FIG. Similar processing is performed (S1111 and S1112). The other system notification process of S1112 is the charging / discharging device in this distribution system because the shortage of power fluctuation amount supplementation included in the notification from the master station device 2000 that is the request source who has requested the system power stabilization process. In the case where supplementation is still not possible by the control of 500, it is executed to request the master station device 2000 of another distribution system to execute the system power stabilization process.

  According to the system power stabilization process executed by the master station device 2000 or the like as the system power stabilization process request destination, even if the system power fluctuation generated in a certain distribution system cannot be absorbed in the distribution system. It is possible to control to restore the stability of the system power in cooperation with other distribution systems without affecting the facilities such as the upper substation as much as possible.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, for each distribution system to which the distributed power supply is connected, it is possible to absorb the generated power fluctuation while minimizing the influence on the higher-order substation equipment. It is possible to achieve the effect of not giving an excessive load to the secondary battery for absorbing power fluctuation.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

1 System power stabilization system 10 Computer 11 Processor 12 Memory 13 Auxiliary storage device 14 Input device 15 Output device 16 Communication interface 17 Bus 100 Substation 110 Management device 200, 300 Distribution substation 210, 310, 2000 Master station device 2100, 2200 2300, 3100, 3200 Transformer 2110, 2210, 2310, 3110, 3210 Relay station device 2120, 2220, 2320, 3120 Inverter 2130, 2230, 2330, 3130 Solar cells 2140, 2240, 2340, 3140, 3240, 500 Electric appliance 400 Communication line 510 Energy meter 520 AC / DC converter 531 532 533 Changeover switch 540 Backflow prevention unit 550 Charge / discharge setting device 551 Time condition setting unit 560 Charge / discharge device control Control Unit 561 Charge / Discharge Management Unit 562 EV Interface 563 Communication Interface 570, PLG Charging Connection Plug EV Electric Vehicle 2100, 3100 Data I / O Unit 2200, 3200 OS
2300 System power management unit 2400 Charge / discharge setting management unit 3300 Data relay processing unit 3400 Charge / discharge power monitoring unit 2500 Charge / discharge device information table 2510 Charge / discharge device ID
2520 Charging / discharging selection switch setting information 2530 Charging mode selection information 2540 Charging / discharging switching state information 2550 Connected device information

Claims (7)

A system power stabilization system for suppressing fluctuations in system power generated in a distribution system having a distributed power source,
A power management device that monitors the power supply in the distribution system and detects the amount of fluctuation in the power supply;
About a charger / discharger connected to the power distribution system and charged from the power distribution system or discharged to the power distribution system with respect to a secondary battery mounted device that is a device equipped with a secondary battery. A charger / discharger controller that controls the execution state of the operation;
A charging / discharging operation setting unit for setting whether to perform a charging operation or a discharging operation for the charger / discharger,
When the power management device determines that the fluctuation amount generated in the supplied power of the distribution system has exceeded a predetermined threshold, the setting state of the charge / discharge operation setting unit of the charger / discharger is examined, and the fluctuation amount In order to minimize the fluctuation amount, when it is determined that there is the charger / discharger capable of executing the charging or discharging operation of the connected secondary battery mounted device, the variation amount is minimized from the charger / discharger. Determining the combination of the charger / discharger that enables the charging or discharging operation to be performed, and sending the execution command of the charging or discharging operation to the charger / discharger,
Grid power stabilization system. The system power stabilization system according to claim 1,
The power management device is obtained when a charge or discharge operation is performed from the charger / discharger control unit to the secondary battery mounted device to which the charger / discharger to which the charger / discharger control unit belongs is connected. The charge that is acquired and held for the charging / discharging device when the charging / discharging power amount is acquired and retained, and the combination of the charging / discharging device that performs the charging or discharging is determined. A grid power stabilization system that calculates a charge power amount or a discharge power amount obtained by using a power amount or a discharge power amount. The system power stabilization system according to claim 1,
The charge / discharge operation setting unit includes a time condition setting unit that allows a time zone in which the charger / discharger can execute a charge operation to be set, and receives a charge execution command from the power management apparatus. A grid power stabilization system that executes a charging operation when the charging operation is possible. The system power stabilization system according to claim 1,
Two or more power distribution systems including the master station device are provided, and the power management devices included in each power distribution system are connected to each other so as to communicate with each other.
When it is determined that one power management device cannot minimize the fluctuation amount of the supplied power in the distribution system to which the power management device belongs to only a predetermined reference value by the charger / discharger managed by the power management device. Whether the supply power fluctuation amount detected by the one power management device is an increase or decrease with respect to the power management device belonging to the power distribution system, and the charge managed by another power management device In a discharger, a system power stabilization system that notifies a charge power amount or discharge power amount to be supplemented and requests supplement of the charge power amount or discharge power amount. The system power stabilization system according to claim 1,
The charge / discharge operation setting unit includes a time condition setting unit that allows a time zone in which the charger / discharger can execute a charge operation to be set, and receives a charge execution command from the power management apparatus. When the charging operation can be executed, the charging operation is executed.
Two or more power distribution systems including the master station device are provided, and the power management devices included in each power distribution system are connected to each other so as to communicate with each other.
When it is determined that one power management device cannot minimize the fluctuation amount of the supplied power in the distribution system to which the power management device belongs to only a predetermined reference value by the charger / discharger managed by the power management device. Whether the supply power fluctuation amount detected by the one power management device is an increase or decrease with respect to the power management device belonging to the power distribution system, and the charge managed by another power management device In the discharger, notify the charge power amount or discharge power amount to be supplemented and request supplement of the charge power amount or discharge power amount,
When it is determined that one of the power management devices is not sufficiently supplemented with the amount of charging power, it is determined that the charging / discharging device managed by the one power management device is not in a time zone in which the charging operation is possible. Send a charge execution command to the charger / discharger,
Grid power stabilization system. A system power stabilization method for suppressing fluctuations in system power generated in a distribution system having a distributed power source,
A power management device that monitors the power supply in the distribution system and detects the amount of fluctuation in the power supply;
About a charger / discharger connected to the power distribution system and charged from the power distribution system or discharged to the power distribution system with respect to a secondary battery mounted device that is a device equipped with a secondary battery. A charger / discharger controller that controls the execution state of the operation;
About the charger / discharger, a charging / discharging operation setting unit for setting whether to perform a charging operation or a discharging operation is provided,
When the power management device determines that the fluctuation amount generated in the supplied power of the distribution system has exceeded a predetermined threshold, the setting state of the charge / discharge operation setting unit of the charger / discharger is examined, and the fluctuation amount In order to minimize the fluctuation amount, when it is determined that there is the charger / discharger capable of executing the charging or discharging operation of the connected secondary battery mounted device, the variation amount is minimized from the charger / discharger. Determining the combination of the charger / discharger that enables the charging or discharging operation to be performed, and sending the execution command of the charging or discharging operation to the charger / discharger,
Grid power stabilization method. A charger / discharger connected to the power distribution system, for charging from the power distribution system or discharging to the power distribution system for a secondary battery mounted device that is a device equipped with a secondary battery,
A charger / discharger controller for controlling the execution state of the charging or discharging operation;
The charging / discharging device is a charging / discharging operation setting unit for setting whether to perform a charging operation or a discharging operation, and sets a time period during which the charging / discharging device can execute the charging operation. A charger / discharger that includes a time condition setting unit that enables a charging operation to be performed when a charging execution command is received from the outside, and when the charging operation can be performed.

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