JP5161329B2 - Optical transmitter and optical quadrature amplitude modulation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multilevel modulation technique for generating an optical modulation signal using a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) system as a modulation code.

  In a long-distance optical transmission system, a WDM transmission technology that multiplexes and transmits a plurality of wavelengths in one optical fiber is applied, and economical and large-capacity information transmission is realized.

  In a WDM transmission apparatus, conventionally, as a modulation / demodulation method, an IM-DD (Intensity Modulation Direct Detection) method in which binary intensity modulation is performed by turning on / off light intensity and detection is performed directly by a photodiode on the reception side is used. It was general. In recent years, multi-level modulation schemes have been studied in order to effectively use a limited optical transmission band and improve frequency utilization efficiency. Up to now, a quadrature phase-intensity modulation method (see Non-Patent Document 1) capable of transmitting eight values (8 bits) per symbol has been proposed.

S. Hayase et al. , ECOC2003, Paper Th 2.6.4, 2003.

  However, the conventional multilevel modulation circuit has the following problems. In Non-Patent Document 1, in order to generate an eight-value amplitude-phase state, two phase modulation modulators (in-phase component and quadrature component) and an intensity modulation modulator are used in series. In such a configuration, since the loss of each modulator is added, there is a problem that sufficient transmission power cannot be obtained. Another problem is that the configuration of the encoding or decoding circuit becomes more complex as the number of bits transmitted in one symbol increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and in a parallel type Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation circuit, the in-phase side modulator and the multi-phase side modulator are each amplitude-modulated with a multi-value baseband signal. Accordingly, an object is to generate a multi-level quadrature amplitude modulation signal having eight or more values with one modulator.

  The present invention provides an optical separation unit that separates input light into two paths, a quadrature phase control unit that shifts the phase of one optical signal separated by the optical separation unit by π / 2, and the optical separation unit. A first Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit that superimposes the in-phase component of amplitude modulation on the one optical signal, and a second that superimposes the orthogonal component of amplitude modulation on the other optical signal separated by the light separation unit Optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit comprising a Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit and an optical coupling unit that couples in-phase and quadrature component optical signals respectively output from the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units It is.

Here, the present invention is characterized in that 2 ^m level and 2 ⁿ level analog signals are generated from m-sequence and n-sequence parallel binary data signals, respectively, and these analog signals are converted into the first and second analog signals. There are two digital-analog converters each outputting as a drive signal of the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulator.

  As a result, a multi-value quadrature amplitude modulation signal having eight or more values can be generated by one optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit. Note that the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation sections can be realized by a single parallel type Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation circuit, so that two modulators are used as in the prior art. There is no need to add the loss of two modulators. Further, unlike the prior art, it is not necessary to use a modulator for intensity modulation in series, and the loss of the modulator for intensity modulation is not added.

  In addition to such a configuration, a serial-parallel converter that serial-parallel converts an input binary data signal and outputs two sets of parallel binary data signals of m series and n series (m, n ≧ 2). It is desirable to have.

  The first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units are provided with first and second distortion correction units that respectively correct in advance signal waveform distortion due to nonlinearity of amplitude modulation characteristics of the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units. The allowable range of the distortion characteristic required for the part can be widened, and an inexpensive general-purpose parallel type Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation circuit can be used.

In addition, an m-bit digital data signal generated from each bit of m-parallel input parallel binary data is converted into a digital signal with respect to the parallel binary data signals of the in-phase component and the quadrature component output from the serial-parallel converter. When an analog-converted value is x and an analog-digital converted value y given by the inverse cosine function y = cos ⁻¹ (x) is a k-bit (k> m) output parallel binary data signal, m A correspondence table of k-bit output parallel binary data signals is stored in advance in the memory unit for each of all possible combinations of bits, and output by referring to the correspondence table according to the value of the input parallel binary data signal Computation processing for distortion correction can be omitted by providing a distortion correction unit that outputs parallel binary data signals. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the process, it is possible to reduce the circuit scale. Further, even when the operation speed is not increased, it is possible to cope with it.

  Further, as a simplified configuration for distortion correction, for example, the input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted into a parallel binary data signal so that each of the in-phase component and the quadrature component becomes two series, and the in-phase component and the quadrature component are obtained. An attenuating unit for attenuating each binary signal is provided for each component, and adding means for adding two series of signals output from the attenuating unit is provided. In this configuration, it is desirable that the ratio of the amplitude attenuation rate is about 2: 3 with respect to the binary data signals of two systems each of the in-phase component and the quadrature component.

  Alternatively, by limiting the maximum amplitude of the modulation signal and driving the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit with the modulation signal so that the maximum amplitude does not deviate from the linear region of the input / output characteristics of the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit Can also suppress distortion.

In the optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit of the present invention, the input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted into two sets of n-sequence parallel binary data signals, and the in-phase component and the quadrature component are 2 ⁿ levels (n ≧ 2), respectively. By modulating with the modulation signal, ²²ⁿ optical quadrature amplitude modulation can be realized.

  Alternatively, in the optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit of the present invention, 3-bit data is converted into two series of signals that are composed of three values of 1, 0, −1 and do not become 0 at the same time. Each of the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitudes is such that the output of the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit is maximum and the phase is inverted by π radians, and 0 is the point where the transmittance is zero. By driving the modulation unit, there is no influence of non-linearity even if the maximum amplitude of the drive signal of the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit is not limited.

  In this configuration, it is desirable to have a serial-parallel converter that performs serial-parallel conversion on the input binary data signal and outputs three series of parallel binary data signals.

  Further, from the viewpoint of the optical transmitter, the present invention has a CW light source that outputs continuous light with constant power, and the continuous light from this CW light source is input to the optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit of the present invention. It is an optical transmitter. Thus, a high output modulation signal can be obtained by having a CW light source.

  Alternatively, the optical transmitter of the present invention may include an RZ modulation unit that modulates the light intensity at the same frequency as the bit rate of the parallel binary data signal output from the serial-parallel conversion unit after the CW light source or an optical coupling unit. You may arrange | position in a back | latter stage. According to this, waveform distortion at the time of transition between symbols generated in the first and second Mach-Zehnder type quadrature amplitude modulation circuits can be removed.

  Alternatively, the optical transmitter of the present invention may include a pulse light source that oscillates at the same frequency as the bit rate of the parallel binary data signal output from the serial-parallel converter instead of the CW light source. According to this, the same effect can be obtained without using the RZ modulator.

  The present invention can also be viewed from the viewpoint of an optical quadrature amplitude modulation method. That is, according to the present invention, the input light is separated into two paths by the light separation unit, and the phase of the one separated optical signal is shifted by π / 2 by the quadrature phase control unit, and the separated one optical signal is obtained. The first Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit superimposes the in-phase component of the amplitude modulation, and the separated second optical signal is superimposed with the amplitude modulation quadrature component by the second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit. This is an optical quadrature amplitude modulation method in which in-phase and quadrature component optical signals output from the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units are combined by an optical coupling unit.

The feature of the present invention is that the input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted and output as two sets of parallel binary data signals of m series and n series (m, n ≧ 2). 2 ^m level and 2 ⁿ level analog signals are generated from the m-sequence and n-sequence parallel binary data signals, respectively, and supplied as drive signals for the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units.

  In addition, signal waveform distortion due to nonlinearity of the amplitude modulation characteristics of the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units can be corrected in advance for the modulation signals of the in-phase component and the quadrature component, respectively. .

Alternatively, digital-analog conversion of an m-bit digital data signal generated from each bit of an m-parallel input parallel binary data signal is performed on the parallel binary data signals of the in-phase component and the quadrature component that have been serial-parallel converted. When the value is x and the value y obtained by analog-digital conversion of the value y given by the inverse cosine function y = cos ⁻¹ (x) is used as an output parallel binary data signal of k bits (k> m), all m bits A correspondence table of k-bit output parallel binary data signals is previously stored in the memory means for each possible combination, and the output parallel binary data is referred to by referring to the correspondence table according to the value of the input parallel binary data signal. The signal waveform distortion can be corrected in advance by outputting the signal.

  In addition, the input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted into a parallel binary data signal so that each of the in-phase component and the quadrature component becomes two series, and each binary signal is attenuated and attenuated for each of the in-phase component and the quadrature component. The signal waveform distortion can be corrected in advance by adding the two series of signals. At this time, it is desirable that the ratio of the amplitude attenuation rate is about 2: 3 with respect to the binary data signals of two systems each of the in-phase component and the quadrature component.

  Alternatively, the maximum amplitude of the modulation signal is limited so that the maximum amplitude does not deviate from the linear region of the input / output characteristics of the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation means so that the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation means is driven by the modulation signal. Can be.

Also, the input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted into two sets of n-sequence parallel binary data signals so that the in-phase component and the quadrature component are respectively modulated by 2 ⁿ level (n ≧ 2) modulation signals. Can do.

  Alternatively, in the optical quadrature amplitude modulation method of the present invention, the input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted and output as three series of parallel binary data signals, and the 3-bit data obtained from the parallel binary data signals is: It is converted into two series of signals consisting of three values of 1, 0, -1 and not simultaneously 0, and 1 and -1 are respectively the maximum output of the Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit and the phase is only π radians. Two inverted points are provided, and 0 is supplied as a drive signal for the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units so that the transmittance becomes 0.

  It is also desirable that the light intensity be modulated at the same frequency as the bit rate of the parallel binary data signal that has undergone serial-parallel conversion.

  Further, when executing the optical quadrature amplitude modulation method of the present invention, continuous light from a CW light source that outputs continuous light with constant power can be used. At this time, pulsed light that oscillates at the same frequency as the bit rate signal of the parallel binary data signal after serial-parallel conversion may be used instead of continuous light from the CW light source.

  According to the present invention, in a parallel type Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation circuit, an in-phase side modulator and a multi-phase side modulator are each subjected to amplitude modulation with a multi-value baseband signal, so that one modulator has eight or more values. The multi-level quadrature amplitude modulation signal can be generated.

The block diagram of the optical orthogonal amplitude modulation circuit of a 1st Example. The figure which shows the drive condition of MZM # 1 and # 2 of a 1st Example. The constellation diagram of the output optical signal of the first embodiment. The block diagram of the optical orthogonal amplitude modulation circuit of a 2nd Example. The figure which shows the drive conditions of MZM # 1 and # 2 of a 2nd Example. The figure which shows the correspondence of input bit data and output data. The figure which shows the structural example of a quaternary unequal interval level signal generation part. The block diagram of the optical orthogonal amplitude modulation circuit of a 3rd Example. The constellation diagram of the output optical signal of the third embodiment.

(First Example)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit according to the present embodiment includes a CW light source 1 that outputs CW light with constant power, a light separation unit 2 that separates light from the CW light source 1 into two paths, and two paths. Quadrature phase control unit 3 that gives a phase difference of π / 2 to one of the separated optical signals 3, a Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit (hereinafter referred to as MZM) # that superimposes amplitude modulation on each of the two optical signals 1 and # 2, an optical coupling unit 4 that multiplexes two amplitude-modulated optical signals, a serial-parallel conversion unit 5 that converts input binary binary data into a plurality of parallel signals, and serial-parallel It comprises digital-analog (D / A) converters 6-1 and 6-2 that convert the parallel digital signal output from the converter 5 into two analog signals.

  MZM # 1 is driven by an analog signal output from D / A converter 6-1 and superimposes an in-phase component of amplitude modulation by the analog signal on the optical signal output from CW light source 1, and MZM # 2 is driven by an analog signal output from the D / A converter 6-2, and superimposes an orthogonal component of amplitude modulation by the analog signal on the optical signal output from the CW light source 1.

  Here, the feature of the present embodiment is that an input binary signal is converted into a plurality of parallel binary signals, and the parallel signals are converted into multi-value analog signals by D / A conversion, so that in-phase components and quadrature components are obtained. Is modulated using MZM # 1 and # 2 respectively, thereby realizing multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation. MZM # 1 and # 2 can be compactly configured using a single parallel type Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation circuit.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. Here, a case of 16-value quadrature amplitude modulation will be described as an example. The input binary data is converted into four-sequence permutation data by 1: 4 separation in the serial-parallel converter 5, and the 4-bit data is, for example, upper 2 bits and lower 2 bits. Furthermore, it is further divided into two sets. These two series of signals are D / A converted by D / A converters 6-1 and 6-2, respectively, to generate a quaternary modulation signal, and MZM # 1 and # 2 of the in-phase component and the quadrature component, respectively. Is driven by using these two systems of quaternary modulation signals.

Here, MZM # 1 and # 2 are dual electrode type modulators, and when they are driven by push-pull drive, the output signals of MZM # 1 and # 2 are:
E _out = E ₀ cos (π (V / Vπ))
... (1)
It is expressed. Here, E ₀ is the electric field of the signal light input to MZM # 1 and # 2, V is the voltage of the signal applied to each modulator, and V _π is necessary to obtain a phase shift of π radians. Voltage. Equation (1) can also be applied if the amplitude is V → V / 2 even when a single drive x-cut modulator of LiNbO ₃ is used.

FIG. 2 shows the state of the output electric field with respect to the drive voltages of MZM # 1 and # 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, when the drive voltage is set to about _{Vπ in} order to obtain the maximum transmittance, the amplitude waveform is distorted due to nonlinearity of the input / output characteristics. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the drive amplitude is limited to about _Vπ / 3. Thus, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the electric field component can be modulated with substantially linearity maintained. MZM♯1 and set the bias point to the point where the transmittance of ♯2 is minimized and _{(V → (V-V π} ) / 2), when only the drive amplitude to the linear region (V π _/ 3 about) The output electric fields of MZM # 1 and # 2 in which the phase difference of the phase control unit is set to π / 2 are
_{E out = E 0/2 (} sin (π (V I / V π)) - isin (π (V Q / V π))) exp (i ω0t) = E 0/2 (π (V I / V π ) −i (π (V _Q / V _π ))) exp (i _ω0t )
... (2)
It is expressed. Here, V _I and V _Q are voltages applied to MZM # 1 and # 2 of the in-phase component and the quadrature component, respectively, and take four values as shown in FIG. From equation (2), it can be seen that the output signal is a 16-value QAM signal.

FIG. 3 shows a constellation diagram of the output signal obtained from the equation (2). In this embodiment, the case where each of the in-phase component and the quadrature component has four levels and a 16-value quadrature amplitude modulation signal is generated has been described as an example. It is also possible to generate 2 ²ⁿ quadrature amplitude modulated signals by converting each component into n-sequence (n ≧ 2) parallel binary data and modulating each with 2 ⁿ multi-level signals. Needless to say.

(Second embodiment)
As described in the first embodiment, the modulation characteristics of MZM # 1 and # 2 have nonlinearity represented by the cosine function shown in the equation (1). In the first embodiment, in order to suppress waveform distortion caused by this non-linearity, limit the drive amplitude of MZM♯1 and ♯2 about V _[pi / 3, showing the configuration of driving only in the linear region. However, in this configuration, since the operation is performed in a region where the transmittance of the modulator is small, a high output characteristic is required by the CW light source. In the second embodiment, in order to obtain a higher-power optical output, MZM # 1 and # 2 are driven in a non-linear region, and the non-linearity of MZM # 1 and # 2 is canceled to realize a linear characteristic. Will be explained.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit of the second embodiment. A feature of the second embodiment is that the D / A conversion units 16-1 and 16-2 with distortion correction function are used instead of the normal D / A conversion units 6-1 and 6-2, and the distortion correction function is provided. In order to cancel the non-linearity of MZM # 1 and # 2 in D / A converters 16-1 and 16-2, an inverse function of the pass characteristics of MZM # 1 and # 2 is output for the input signal. Such processing is performed.

That is, since the pass characteristics of MZM # 1 and # 2 are expressed by the cosine function of equation (1), the D / A converters 16-1 and 16-2 with distortion correction function convert the D / A from the input parallel data. To output an inverse cosine function for the transformed input signal x,
x _out = cos ⁻¹ (x _in / x _o )
... (3)
It is only necessary to output after performing the conversion. As a result, the signals output from MZM # 1 and # 2 are signals with equal intervals between the levels.

  FIG. 5 shows the drive conditions for MZM # 1 and # 2 in the second embodiment. Here, the case where each of the in-phase component and the quadrature component is a quaternary signal will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 5, the input signal is a 2-bit signal, and after D / A conversion, when the maximum value is normalized by 1, −1, −1/3, 1/3, The four values of 1 are equally spaced between each level. This D / A converted signal is converted into non-uniformly spaced values of 0, 0.4, 0.6, and 1 by the conversion expressed by equation (3), and this signal drives the MZM. As a result, the amplitude of the electric field after modulation can be made equal.

  Next, a method for obtaining a converted modulator drive signal from the input signal by the expression (3) will be described. Although it is conceivable to perform arithmetic processing using a digital circuit from equation (3), it is desirable to use a simplified method in view of the circuit scale and operation speed. As a simplified method, first, a 1: 1 correspondence table between an input digital signal and an output signal is prepared in advance based on equation (3), and an output signal is obtained by referring to the correspondence table. The method can be considered. FIG. 6 shows a correspondence table of output signals with respect to 2-bit signals. When the input signal is 2 bits, it is sufficient that the output signal is represented by a 4 bit signal. In addition, when the input signal is 2 bits, a configuration method using an attenuation circuit and an addition circuit can be considered as a simplified method of outputting the expression (3). FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the attenuators 7-1 and 7-2 and the adder 8.

This configuration example is a configuration in which one input is attenuated and added to two input binary data. Here, in order to make the electric field amplitude level after modulation equal intervals, the amplitude ratios in the attenuators 7-1 and 7-2 are cos ⁻¹ (1/3): cos ⁻¹ (−1/3). A desired output can be obtained by setting ≈2: 3. This configuration can be configured relatively easily with either an analog circuit or a digital circuit.

(Third embodiment)
In the first and second embodiments, the input binary data is converted into four series of parallel binary data, further divided into two sets, and MZM # 1 and # 2 that perform amplitude modulation of the in-phase component and the quadrature component, respectively. The example of generating a 16-value QAM signal has been described. In this configuration, in order to compensate for the non-linearity of the pass characteristics of MZM # 1 and # 2, MZM # 1 and # 2 are driven in a linear region, or by an inverse function of the pass characteristics of MZM # 1 and # 2. There was a need for means for determining the modulation drive signal applied.

  However, when the in-phase component and the quadrature component are modulated at the binary or ternary level, respectively, if the driving conditions are set appropriately, they are not affected by the nonlinearity of the pass characteristics of MZM # 1 and # 2. (Waveform distortion occurs due to non-linearity at the time of transition between levels, but the signal quality is not affected because the intervals between the levels are equal in the center of one time slot). In the present embodiment, a modulator configuration will be described in which in-phase and quadrature components are each modulated with a ternary modulator drive signal to generate an 8-value QAM signal.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical quadrature amplitude circuit of the third embodiment. The input binary data is converted into three series of parallel data by the serial-parallel converter 15, and the three series of data is further converted by the ternary encoder 9 into two series of ternary values (1, 0, −1). ) Is converted to a signal. Here, it is assumed that the two series of ternary signals do not take a value of “0” at the same time. By superimposing the in-phase component and the quadrature component of amplitude modulation on the optical signal from the CW light source 1 by the MZM # 1 and # 2 driven by these two systems of ternary signals, an 8-value optical quadrature amplitude modulation signal is obtained. Can be obtained.

Here, as shown in FIG. 8, MZM # 1 and # 2 have a point (null) at which the output amplitude is minimum at the “0” level.
1 and −1 have the maximum amplitude of MZM # 1 and # 2 and differ in phase by π. As can be seen from FIG. 8, under such driving conditions of MZM # 1 and # 2, the intervals of the output electric field amplitude levels are equal. Therefore, even if the driving signals of MZM # 1 and # 2 are set to Vπ, nonlinearity is obtained. It is not affected by. FIG. 9 shows a constellation diagram of the output optical signal of the optical quadrature modulation circuit of this embodiment.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, a light intensity modulation unit 10 is added after the optical coupling unit 4 so that the bit rate of the parallel binary signal output from the serial-parallel conversion unit 15 is equal to B / 3 (B: input signal). The optical intensity is periodically modulated at a frequency of (bit rate). As a result, waveform distortion at the time of transition between symbols generated by the two MZM # 1 and # 2 can be removed, and good reception characteristics can be obtained.

Here, LiNbO ₃ MZM or an electroabsorption modulator can be applied as the light intensity modulator 10. When LiNbO ₃ MZM is used, an RZ pulse (33% RZ, CS-RZ) having a repetition frequency of B / 3 is adjusted by adjusting the amplitude and the bias point with the frequency applied to the modulator being B / 6. Can occur.

  If a pulsed light source that oscillates at a frequency B / 3 is used instead of the CW light source 1, the same effect can be achieved without using the light intensity modulator 10.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize an optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit that can obtain sufficient transmission power and can simplify the configuration of the encoding or decoding circuit as compared with the conventional one. This can contribute to the realization of a large transmission capacity in the communication system.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CW light source 2 Optical separation part 3 Quadrature phase control part 4 Optical coupling part 5, 15 Serial-parallel conversion part (S / P conversion part)
6-1, 6-2 Digital-analog converter (D / A)
7-1, 7-2 Attenuator 8 Adder 9 Tri-level encoding unit 10 Light intensity modulation unit 16-1, 16-2 Digital-analog conversion unit with distortion correction function (D / A with distortion correction function)

Claims (4)

In an optical transmitter including a light source and an optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit that modulates input light input from the light source,
The optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit includes:
An optical separation unit that separates input light into two paths, an orthogonal phase control unit that shifts the phase of one optical signal separated by the optical separation unit by π / 2, and one of the optical signals separated by the light separation unit A first Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit that superimposes an in-phase component of amplitude modulation on an optical signal, and a second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude that superimposes a quadrature component of amplitude modulation on the other optical signal separated by the optical separation unit A modulation unit, and an optical coupling unit that couples in-phase component and quadrature component optical signals output from the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units, respectively .
2 ^m level and 2 ⁿ level analog signals are respectively generated from ^m series of integers greater than or equal to 2 and n series of parallel binary data signals of integers greater than or equal to 2 and the analog signals are converted into the first And two digital-to-analog converters that respectively output as drive signals to the second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulator,
The maximum amplitude of the drive modulation signal is limited to 1/3 of the voltage required for the first Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit and the second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit to obtain a phase shift of π radians. Drives the Zender type amplitude modulator ,
The light source is a pulsed light source that oscillates at the same frequency as the bit rate of the parallel binary data signal output from the serial-parallel converter and outputs the input light to the quadrature amplitude modulation circuit.
An optical transmitter characterized by that . The input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted into two sets of n-sequence parallel binary data signals, and the in-phase component and the quadrature component are modulated by 2 ⁿ level modulation signals, respectively, so that optical quadrature amplitude modulation of 2 ²ⁿ values is performed. The optical transmitter according to claim 1 to be realized. In an optical quadrature amplitude modulation method in an optical quadrature amplitude modulation circuit that performs optical quadrature amplitude modulation on input light from a light source,
The input light is separated into two paths by the light separation unit, the phase of one separated optical signal is shifted by π / 2 by the quadrature phase control unit, and the first Mach-Zehnder The in-phase component of the amplitude modulation is superimposed by the type amplitude modulation unit, and the orthogonal component of the amplitude modulation is superimposed on the other separated optical signal by the second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit. The optical signal of the in-phase component and the quadrature component respectively output from the Zender type amplitude modulation unit uses an optical quadrature amplitude modulation method in which the optical signal is combined by the optical coupling unit,
The input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted and output as two sets of parallel binary data signals of m series of integers greater than or equal to 2 and n series of integers of greater than or equal to 2; 2 ^m level and 2 ⁿ level analog signals are generated from n series parallel binary data signals, respectively, and supplied as drive signals to the first and second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation units,
The maximum amplitude of the drive signal is limited to 1/3 of the voltage required for the first Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit and the second Mach-Zehnder type amplitude modulation unit to obtain a phase shift of π radians. driving the mold amplitude modulation means,
An optical quadrature amplitude modulation method, wherein optical quadrature amplitude modulation is performed using pulsed light oscillated at the same frequency as the bit rate signal of the parallel binary data signal after serial-parallel conversion as input light . 4. The input binary data signal is serial-parallel converted into two sets of n series parallel binary data signals that are integers of 2 or more, and the in-phase component and the quadrature component are respectively modulated by 2 ⁿ level modulation signals. The optical quadrature amplitude modulation method described.

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