JP5033457B2 - Water treatment chemical injection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for injecting a water treatment chemical to be injected into an open circulating cooling water system for air conditioning, various industrial use, and the like.

  In the open cooling water system, water is circulated. Therefore, evaporation / concentration of cooling water is inevitable. The scale of calcium and the like is generated by evaporation and concentration of the cooling water, and further, microorganisms grow and slime is generated during circulation. In addition, there is a problem that corrosion of mild steel and copper of the component equipment occurs.

  Water treatment chemicals are injected into the cooling water to prevent such problems and ensure safe and efficient operation of the equipment.

  Examples of water treatment chemicals injected into the open circulation cooling water system include anticorrosives, scale inhibitors, slime control agents, and agents that have a plurality of effects by dispensing these various components.

  The water treatment chemical produces an effect by maintaining a constant concentration in the cooling water. When the concentration is low, the effect becomes insufficient and the above-mentioned various problems occur. On the other hand, when the concentration of the water treatment chemical is too high, the cost of the water treatment chemical becomes high and uneconomical, and it may cause harmful effects.

  Therefore, when using a water treatment chemical, it must be injected most effectively and economically according to the purpose of use. That is, it is necessary to maintain and manage a concentration of a certain amount or more in an open circulation cooling system in order to fully exert the function of the water treatment chemical. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately replenish the open circulating cooling water system with the insufficient water treatment chemical.

  Conventionally, the following methods have been employed as means for injecting such a water treatment chemical into cooling water and maintaining a constant concentration of the water treatment chemical in the cooling water.

As a method for injecting a water treatment chemical into an open circulation cooling water system, there is a method disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in which a chemical injection pump is controlled by a timer and water treatment chemicals are periodically injected.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-173971 Japanese Patent Application No. 09-10592

  In the water treatment chemical injection method that controls the chemical injection pump with a timer, a fixed amount of water treatment chemical is injected after a certain period of time, so the injection amount can be changed according to the load of the cooling tower or refrigerator. It is difficult to maintain a constant drug concentration in the cooling water. Therefore, in order to ensure a drug concentration of a certain level or higher in the cooling water, there is no choice but to inject excessively, which is not economical.

  Further, in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4, a water treatment chemical is used as a tracer substance, or a tracer substance having a concentration proportional to the water treatment chemical is added, and the water treatment chemical is injected by continuously measuring the tracer substance. A method is disclosed.

However, in the methods for injecting water treatment chemicals described in Patent Documents 3 and 4, it is possible to keep the water treatment chemical concentration in the cooling water constant, but since an advanced measuring instrument is required, the initial investment is large. Become. In addition, maintenance costs for maintaining and operating the measurement control device safely and with high accuracy are also high.
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-296665 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-322058

Moreover, as shown in Patent Document 5, a method is known in which a replenishment amount of replenishment water is measured with a pulse transmission type flow meter or the like, and a fixed amount of water treatment chemical is proportionally injected with respect to the replenishment water. This method is relatively simple and highly reliable, and can be combined with cooling water concentration management by automatic blow to maintain a constant drug concentration in the cooling water. However, even with this method, it is necessary to install an expensive pulse transmission type flow meter in the piping of the makeup water line, which is not an economical and simple method.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-119916

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the injection method of the water treatment chemical | medical agent in an open circulation cooling water system which can maintain the water treatment chemical | medical agent in cooling water at a predetermined density | concentration economically and simply.

The present invention is for solving the above-mentioned problems. That is,
Cooling water is circulated and supplied to the heat exchanger and this cooling water is cooled by the cooling tower, and a part of the cooling water is blown and makeup water is supplied to keep the concentration ratio of the cooling water constant. In an open circulating cooling water system,
Based on the temperature T1 (° C.) of the cooling water (circulated water) from the cooling tower to the heat exchanger and the temperature T2 (° C.) of the cooling water (circulating water) returning from the heat exchanger to the cooling tower,
According to the following equations (A) and (B), a corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) for the cooling water is obtained,

Mt = η × ((T2−T1) × c × R / Q) × (N / (N−1)) Expression (A)
η = a × T0 + b Formula (B)

Mt: corrected theoretical makeup water volume (m ³ / h)
c: Specific heat of water (kcal / kg · ° C)
R: Circulating water volume of cooling water (m ³ / h)
Q: latent heat of vaporization of water (kcal / kg)
N: Concentration ratio of cooling water (times)
η: Correction coefficient (linear function of outside temperature)
T0: Outside air temperature (° C)
a, b: Theoretical makeup water amount ((T2-T1) × c × R / Q) × (N / (N−1))
Compared with the actual measured value of the makeup water amount, the corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) is
Constants determined by calculating a and b so that they match the measured value of the makeup water volume

A water treatment chemical injection method is provided, wherein a water treatment chemical in an amount proportional to the corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) is injected into the cooling water.

  Since this invention is the above structure, it can maintain and manage the density | concentration in the cooling water of a water treatment chemical | medical agent to a predetermined density | concentration simply and at low cost.

  That is, T1 and T2 are measured, and the other data is obtained in advance by using the value determined for each open circulating cooling water system as input information, and obtaining the theoretical makeup water amount from the equation (1). The amount of the makeup water 4a can be easily and accurately grasped, and the water treatment chemical 5a in the cooling water 2a is simply and accurately injected by injecting the water treatment chemical 5a proportional to the theoretical makeup water amount into the cooling water 2a. Can be maintained at a predetermined concentration.

  Therefore, since the amount of the makeup water 4a is measured as in the prior art, it is not necessary to install an expensive pulse transmission type flow meter, and the amount of the makeup water 4a can be grasped simply and at low cost. Further, it is extremely excellent in that it is not necessary to stop the operation of the open circulating cooling water system in order to install the pulse transmission type flow meter, and can be easily applied to the existing open circulating cooling water system.

  Further, T2 is removed from the heat exchanger 3c by using a temperature sensor (outward) 10 in which T1 is brought into contact with a cooling water pipe (cooling water forward pipe 3e) from the cooling tower 2 toward the heat exchanger 3c and covered with a heat insulating material. Without stopping the operation of the open circulation cooling water system by measuring each using the temperature sensor (return) 9 which is in contact with the cooling water pipe (cooling water return pipe 3d) returning to the cooling tower 2 and covered with a heat insulating material. Temperature sensors (out) 10 and (return) 9 can be installed, and T1 and T2 can be measured. In addition, by covering the temperature sensors (return) 9 and (out) 10 with a heat insulating material, the measurement accuracy of T1 and T2 is increased, and the theoretical replenishment water amount can be accurately obtained, and the water in the cooling water 2a The concentration of the treatment chemical 5a can be easily maintained at a predetermined concentration.

Furthermore, the theoretical makeup water amount is corrected based on a correction coefficient (η) that is a linear function of the outside air temperature (T0), and a corrected theoretical makeup water amount (hereinafter referred to as a corrected theoretical makeup water amount) is obtained for more accuracy. By well grasping the amount of makeup water and injecting the water treatment chemical 5a proportional to the corrected theoretical makeup water volume into the cooling water 2a, the concentration of the water treatment chemical 5a in the cooling water 2a is more appropriately managed to a predetermined value. Will be able to.

For the purpose of maintaining and managing the concentration of the water treatment chemical in the cooling water to a predetermined concentration simply and at low cost, the cooling water 2a is circulated and supplied to the heat exchanger 3c and the cooling water 2a is cooled by the cooling tower 2. And in an open circulating cooling water system in which a part of the cooling water 2a is blown and makeup water 4a is supplied to keep the concentration ratio of the cooling water 2a constant.
The temperature T1 (° C.) of the cooling water 2a (circulated water 3a) from the cooling tower 2 to the heat exchanger 3c is brought into contact with the cooling water outlet pipe 3e from the cooling tower 2 to the heat exchanger 3c and is covered with a heat insulating material. The temperature sensor (outward) 10 is used to return the temperature T2 (° C.) of the cooling water 2a (circulated water 3a) returning from the heat exchanger 3c to the cooling tower 2 to the cooling water return pipe 3d returning from the heat exchanger 3c to the cooling tower 2. Measured with a temperature sensor (return) 9 that was in contact with
The following formula (1)
M = ((T2−T1) × c × R / Q) × (N / (N−1)) (1)
M: Theoretical makeup water volume (m ³ / h)
c: Specific heat of water (kcal / kg · ° C)
R: Circulating water volume of cooling water (m ³ / h)
Q: latent heat of vaporization of water (kcal / kg)
N: Concentration ratio of cooling water (times)
The theoretical makeup water amount (M) to the cooling water 2a is obtained according to
Further, the theoretical makeup water amount (M) is corrected using a correction coefficient that is a function of the outside air temperature T0 (° C.), and an amount of water treatment chemical 5a proportional to the corrected theoretical makeup water amount (corrected theoretical makeup water amount) is obtained. The water treatment chemical injection method is characterized in that it is injected into the cooling water 2a.

  T1 and T2 are measured values, and T1 may be a measured value at any position as long as it is a measured value of the cooling water 2a (circulated water 3a) in the cooling water forward pipe 3e. As long as T2 is a measured value of the cooling water 2a (circulated water 3a) in the cooling water return pipe 3d, it may be a value measured at any position. In addition, when the values of T1 and T2 are obtained from the operation information of the open circulating cooling water system, such as when the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the cooling water is measured in real time with a refrigerator, etc., those values are adopted. It doesn't matter.

  T1 and T2 may each use an average temperature per unit time. For example, from T1 and T2 per hour, the average value of each, according to the formula (1), the theoretical amount of replenishment water per hour You may ask for.

  The specific heat (c) of water is a value that varies depending on the temperature, but since the error is small, it can be set to 1 kcal / kg · ° C. However, if the specific heat data corresponding to the temperature is input in advance and the specific heat (c) corresponding to the measured temperature (T1, T2, etc.) of the cooling water 2a is used, the theoretical makeup water can be obtained with higher accuracy.

  Since the circulating water amount (R) of the cooling water 2a can normally be regarded as constant, the circulating water amount (R) determined as a design value for each open circulating cooling water system may be used. However, a flow meter for measuring the circulating water amount of the circulating water 3a may be installed in the circulation line 3, and the circulating water amount measured by the flow meter can also be used.

  Although the latent heat of vaporization (Q) of water is a constant determined according to the temperature of the cooling water 2a, generally, the temperature of the cooling water is about 30 ° C. 580 Kcal / Kg) can be used. However, in order to further increase the calculation accuracy of the theoretical makeup water amount, the latent heat of vaporization corresponding to the temperature is input in advance, and the latent heat of vaporization of water corresponding to the average value of T1, T2 or T1, T2 etc. (Q ) May be used.

  The cooling water concentration ratio (N) is a constant set as appropriate for each open circulating cooling water system from the management target water quality and the makeup water quality of the cooling water. However, it is also possible to measure the water quality information (electric conductivity and ion concentration) of the cooling water and adopt the value divided by the water quality information of the makeup water as the concentration factor.

Therefore, usually
Makeup water volume (M) =
((T2-T1) × 1 × R / 580) × (N / (N−1)) (2)
As a matter of course, it is possible to simply calculate the theoretical water supply amount.

  That is, the amount of makeup water 4a to the open circulation cooling water system 1 can be grasped by measuring T1 and T2 and obtaining the theoretical makeup water amount from the equation (1) or equation (2).

  Next, a method for correcting the theoretical makeup water amount (M) calculated by the equation (1) or the equation (2) based on the outside air temperature (T0) will be described. The amount of make-up water 4a to the open circulation cooling water system 1 can be grasped as the theoretical make-up water amount (M) from the equation (1) or the equation (2) by measuring T1 and T2. There may be an error between M) and the actual amount of makeup water (actual measurement).

  As a result of earnestly searching for the cause, it was found that there is a correlation between the error and the outside air temperature (T0). Therefore, the theoretical makeup water amount is corrected based on a correction coefficient that is a function of the outside air temperature (T0), and the corrected theoretical makeup water amount is obtained, so that the makeup water amount can be grasped more accurately and the water proportional to the corrected theoretical makeup water amount is obtained. By injecting the treatment chemical 5a into the cooling water 2a, the concentration of the water treatment chemical 5a in the cooling water 2a can be more appropriately managed to a predetermined value.

Here, when a correction coefficient that is a function of the outside air temperature (T0) is η, a corrected theoretical makeup water amount Mt (m ³ / h) that takes into account the influence of the outside air temperature (T0) is obtained by the following equation (A). .
Mt = η × ((T2−T1) × 1 × R / Q) × (N / (N−1)) Expression (A)

Here, for the correction coefficient (η), the following equation (B) can be used as a linear function of the outside air temperature (T0).
η = a × T0 + b Formula (B)

  For general equipment, the constant a may be 0.015 and b may be 0.5. In addition, by calculating the constants a and b for each facility, the corrected theoretical makeup water amount can be obtained more accurately. Specifically, the theoretical makeup water amount (M) is compared with the actual measured value of makeup water, and a and b are determined for each facility so as to match. The correction coefficient (η) is not limited to a linear function, but may be a quadratic function or other functions. In short, any function may be used as long as the corrected theoretical makeup water amount having a value closest to the actually measured makeup water amount is obtained based on the outside air temperature (T0).

Further, the corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) can be calculated by the following equation (C) by performing a correction by subtracting the function f (T0) of the outside air temperature (T0) from the theoretical makeup water amount (M). Note that the function f (T0) can be a primary function, a secondary function, or other functions, like the correction coefficient (η).
Mt = ((T2-T1) * c * R / Q) * (N / (N-1))-f (T0) .. Formula (C)

  Hereinafter, based on an accompanying drawing, the injection method of the water treatment chemical | medical agent which is this invention is demonstrated in detail.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an open circulation cooling water system (one example) to which the water treatment chemical injection method of the present invention is applied.

  The open circulation cooling water system 1 is provided with a fan 2e that air-cools the cooling water 2a to a water tank 2d that stores the cooling water 2a, and the excess cooling water 2a is discharged from the overflow water so that the water level of the water tank 2d of the cooling tower 2 does not exceed a certain level A cooling tower 2 provided with an overflow line 11 discharged as 2b, and connected to the cooling tower 2, and sends the cooling water 2a (circulated water 3a) to a heat exchanger 3c such as a refrigerator by driving the circulation pump 3b. It consists of a cooling water return pipe 3e and a heat exchanger 3c that passes through the heat exchanger 3c and returns the heat-exchanged cooling water 2a (circulated water 3a) to the cooling tower 2 and a heat exchanger 3c such as a refrigerator. To connect to the circulation line 3 and the cooling tower 2 to maintain the water level of the water tank 2d when the cooling water 2a decreases, or to perform forced blow when the concentration rate of the cooling water 2a increases. In A supply line 4 for injecting feedwater 4a, consisting of the injection device 8 Metropolitan water treatment agent to inject the water treatment agent in proportion to the theoretical supply amount of water in the cooling water 2a.

  The replenishment line 4 is connected to a replenishment pipe 4c inserted into the cooling tower 2 with a ball tap 4e linked to the height of the water surface of the water tank 2d, and a line for appropriately replenishing the replenishment water 4a when the cooling water 2a decreases, The forced replenishment valve 4g is opened when the concentration rate of the cooling water 2a rises above a set value, and a forced replenishment line 4f for forcibly replenishing the cooling water 2 to the cooling tower 2 is provided.

  The cooling water 2a of the cooling tower 2 is provided with an electric conductivity meter 7 for measuring the electric conductivity of the cooling water 2a. When the electric conductivity of the cooling water 2a exceeds a set value, the forced replenishment valve 4g By opening and replenishing the replenishing water 4a and discharging a part of the cooling water as the overflow water 2b, the concentration rate of the cooling water 2a is maintained at a predetermined value.

  The water treatment chemical injection device 8 includes a temperature sensor (outward) 10, a temperature sensor (return) 9, a chemical injection device 5, and a chemical injection control device 6. In addition, you may add the external temperature sensor 12 as needed.

  The temperature sensor (outward) 10 is provided in the cooling water outgoing pipe 3e, and measures the temperature (T1) of the cooling water 2a from the cooling tower 2 toward the heat exchanger 3c. The temperature T1 measured by the temperature sensor (outward) 10 is sent to a medicine injection control device 6 described later.

  The temperature sensor (return) 9 is provided in the cooling water return pipe 3d, and measures the temperature (T2) of the cooling water 2a that returns from the heat exchanger 3c to the cooling tower 2. The temperature T2 measured by the temperature sensor (return) 9 is also sent to the medicine injection control device 6 described later.

  The temperature sensors (return) 9 and (outward) 10 may be inserted into the pipe or contacted (attached) to the pipe. When contacting the piping, it is desirable to cover the piping portion including the temperature sensor with a heat insulating material in order to increase the measurement accuracy of T1 and T2. In the case of the system in which the temperature sensors (return) 9 and (out) 10 are brought into contact with the pipe, the open circulating cooling water system 1 can be installed without stopping, and the amount of makeup water can be grasped easily and at low cost. it can. On the other hand, when the flow rate of the makeup water 4a is measured by installing a flow meter as in the prior art, the open circulating cooling water system must be stopped and an expensive pulse transmission flow meter must be installed.

  The chemical injection device 5 stores a water treatment chemical 5a in a tank 5b, a chemical injection line 5d communicating from the tank 5b into the water tank 2d, and a water treatment chemical 5a injected into the water tank 2d through the chemical injection line 5d. And a chemical injection pump 5c.

  The medicinal pump 5c is not particularly limited as long as it is a pump capable of transferring a fluid. The chemical injection pump 5c is driven based on a chemical injection pump operation signal 6e output from a chemical injection control device 6 which will be described later, and an amount of water treatment chemical 5a proportional to the theoretical makeup water amount is supplied to the open circulation cooling water system 1. The medicine injection control device 6 controls the injection.

  The medicinal injection control device 6 has measured values T1, T2, specific heat of water (c), circulating water amount (R), latent heat of water evaporation (Q), cooling water set in advance or measured. Based on the concentration ratio (N) and the outside air temperature (T0) measured as necessary, according to any of the above formulas (1), (2), formulas (A) and (B), and formula (C) A chemical for obtaining a theoretical makeup water amount (M) or a corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) for the open circulating cooling water system 1 and injecting into the open circulating cooling water system 1 an amount of water treatment chemical 5a proportional to the obtained makeup water amount. The injection pump operation signal 6e is output to the medicine injection pump 5c. As a result, the chemical injection pump 5c injects an amount of water treatment chemical 5a proportional to the determined amount of replenishing water into the open circulation cooling water system 1, and maintains the water treatment chemical 5a in the open circulation cooling water system 1 at a predetermined concentration. Will be managed.

  In FIG. 1, the chemical injection control device 6 has a function of outputting a forced supply signal 6f for opening and closing the forced supply valve 4g based on the electrical conductivity data 7a from the electrical conductivity meter 7. As a separate device, it may be separated from the chemical injection control device 6.

  The amount of make-up water measured in a cooling tower in actual operation (actual measurement), the amount of theoretical make-up water (M) obtained from Equation (2), and the corrected amount of theoretical make-up water (Mt) obtained from Equation (A) and Equation (B) ) Will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the measured value of the makeup water amount, the theoretical makeup water amount, and the corrected theoretical makeup water amount. The horizontal axis of FIG. 2 is the actually measured amount of makeup water (m ³ / h), and the vertical axis is the calculated amount of makeup water (m ³ / h) obtained from Equation (2), Equation (A), and Equation (B). . ◇ is the theoretical makeup water volume obtained from equation (2), and ▲ is the theoretical makeup water volume (◇) obtained from equation (2) based on outside air temperature (T0), corrected by equations (A) and (B). This is the corrected theoretical makeup water amount. However, the constants in the formula (B) were a = 0.015 and b = 0.5.

  If the measured amount of make-up water matches the calculated amount of make-up water obtained from Equation (2), Equation (A), and Equation (B), ◇ and ▲ are plotted on the linear function y = x. The Rukoto. However, the theoretical amount of replenishment water ◇ obtained from the equation (2) that is not corrected by the outside air temperature is a slightly higher value overall.

  Accordingly, when the water treatment chemical is injected based on the theoretical replenishment water amount, the concentration of the water treatment chemical is slightly higher than the predetermined concentration. However, even if the injection amount of the water treatment chemical is determined based on the theoretical replenishment water amount obtained by the formulas (1) and (2), there is no shortage of the water treatment chemical and the function of the water treatment chemical is exhibited. There is no problem in the actual operation of the open circulation cooling water system.

  On the other hand, it can be seen that the plotted corrected theoretical makeup water amount ▲ shows a value very close to the actual makeup water amount (actual measurement) and is corrected by a function of the outside air temperature (T0). It can be seen that the method of correcting the theoretical makeup water amount using) is effective.

  That is, by determining the injection amount of the water treatment chemical based on the corrected theoretical replenishment water amount, the concentration of the water treatment chemical can be brought closer to an appropriate value (saving), which is more economical.

It is the schematic of the open circulation cooling water system (an example) to which the injection method of the water treatment chemical | medical agent which is this invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the actual amount of makeup water, the theoretical makeup water amount, and the correction theoretical makeup water amount.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Open circulation cooling water system 2 Cooling tower 2a Cooling water 2b Overflow water 2d Water tank 2e Fan 3 Circulation line 3a Circulating water 3b Circulating pump 3c Heat exchanger 3d Cooling water return piping 3e Cooling water forward piping 4 Replenishment line 4a Supplementary water 4c Supplementary piping 4e Ball tap 4f Forced supply line 4g Forced supply valve 5 Chemical injection device 5a Water treatment chemical 5b Tank 5c Chemical injection pump 5d Chemical injection line 6 Chemical injection control device 6e Chemical injection pump operation signal 6f Forced supply signal 7 Electrical conductivity meter 7a Electricity Conductivity data 8 Water treatment chemical injection device 9 Temperature sensor (return)
10 Temperature sensor (out)
11 Overflow line 12 Outside air temperature sensor

Claims (1)

Cooling water is circulated and supplied to the heat exchanger and this cooling water is cooled by the cooling tower, and a part of the cooling water is blown and makeup water is supplied to keep the concentration ratio of the cooling water constant. In an open circulating cooling water system,
Based on the temperature T1 (° C.) of the cooling water (circulated water) from the cooling tower to the heat exchanger and the temperature T2 (° C.) of the cooling water (circulating water) returning from the heat exchanger to the cooling tower,
According to the following equations (A) and (B), a corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) for the cooling water is obtained,

Mt = η × ((T2−T1) × c × R / Q) × (N / (N−1)) Expression (A)
η = a × T0 + b Formula (B)

Mt: corrected theoretical makeup water volume (m ³ / h)
c: Specific heat of water (kcal / kg · ° C)
R: Circulating water volume of cooling water (m ³ / h)
Q: latent heat of vaporization of water (kcal / kg)
N: Concentration ratio of cooling water (times)
η: Correction coefficient (linear function of outside temperature)
T0: Outside air temperature (° C)
a, b: Theoretical makeup water amount ((T2-T1) × c × R / Q) × (N / (N−1))
Compared with the actual measured value of the makeup water amount, the corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) is
Constants determined by calculating a and b so that they match the measured value of the makeup water volume

A water treatment chemical injection method, wherein an amount of water treatment chemical proportional to the corrected theoretical makeup water amount (Mt) is injected into the cooling water.

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