JP5026775B2 - Oxygen concentrator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a medical oxygen concentrator, and more particularly to an oxygen concentrator generally called a pressure swing adsorption method.

  Various devices have been put into practical use for medical use as an oxygen concentrator using a pressure swing adsorption method in which oxygen is generated by using as an adsorbent a zeolite that permeates oxygen in the air and selectively adsorbs nitrogen.

  According to this type of oxygen concentrator, the raw material air taken in from the air intake port is compressed by a compressor as a compression means to generate compressed air, and the compressed air whose temperature has increased during this compression is cooled by a heat exchanger. . The heat exchanger is cooled by the cooling means that blows outside air together with the above-described compression means, and oxygen is generated by supplying compressed air to the adsorption cylinder containing the adsorbent. It is configured so that oxygen can be inhaled to the patient via a nasal cannula or the like by storing the oxygen in a predetermined flow rate from the tank via a pressure reducing valve or a flow rate setting device.

  If the oxygen concentrator configured in this way is installed in a place equipped with, for example, an AC power supply (commercial power supply), for example, home oxygen therapy patients with reduced lung function can safely absorb oxygen even while sleeping. Will be able to sleep well. In particular, when used even while sleeping, it is preferable that the oxygen concentrator generates very little noise. If possible, it is desirable that the noise level is less than the level generated by the indoor air conditioning equipment.

  On the other hand, an oxygen concentrator used for long-term oxygen inhalation therapy that is effective as a treatment method for patients with respiratory diseases such as chronic bronchitis is generally not portable. That is, it is not configured so that the patient can be taken out. Therefore, when the patient is forced to go out, concentrated oxygen is sucked from the oxygen cylinder while pushing the cart equipped with the oxygen cylinder. Oxygen supply to the oxygen cylinder had to be performed by a dedicated facility, and the patient's QOL (Quality of Life) was considerably impaired.

  Therefore, portable and mobile oxygen concentrators using a battery-driven compressor have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

In addition, when a compressor having a compression means for generating compressed air and a pressure reduction means for generating negative pressure is employed, vibration of the integrated compressor, and vibration generated during the pressure equalization process in the oxygen concentration process, in particular. For reducing the pressure, a negative pressure release valve communicating with the outside air is provided between the flow path between the pressure reducing means and the switching valve, and the negative pressure release valve is opened in synchronization with the pressure equalization step There has been proposed a technique for preventing vibration of the compressor and reducing power consumption by allowing outside air to enter the flow path between the pressure reducing means and the switching valve. (Patent Document 3).
In addition, a compressor having compression means for generating compressed air and a pressure reduction means for generating negative pressure, and connecting the compressor to the inlet side thereof, the compressed air is introduced into the cylinder and filled into the cylinder. The adsorbent adsorbs nitrogen to separate and produce oxygen, supplies oxygen from the outlet side, introduces negative pressure when the adsorbent is saturated with nitrogen, and discharges nitrogen to the outside of the adsorption cylinder 2 sets of 3 to be switched alternately between a compressed air flow path, a negative pressure flow path, and a closed flow path by being connected between the two adsorption cylinders to be made and the inlet side of the two adsorption cylinders and the compressor A directional switching valve, a pressure sensor for detecting that one of the two adsorption cylinders has reached the maximum internal pressure value, and a branch pipe between the outlet sides of the two adsorption cylinders and the highest pressure sensor When the internal pressure value is detected, the pressure is equalized between the two adsorption cylinders. An equal pressure valve that is opened so as to perform, and is connected between the negative pressure generating section and the negative pressure flow path of the three-way switching valve and is opened when performing equal pressure, and thus in the flow path There has been proposed a technique for reducing noise using a negative pressure release valve that includes a negative pressure release valve that controls the pressure of the exhaust gas and exhausts through the silencer by exhausting through the silencer.
JP 2002-121010 A JP 2000-79165 A JP 2005-1111016 A

  According to the oxygen concentrator configured as described above, noise can be further reduced by reducing the noise of the compressor that is a noise generation source.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an oxygen concentrator capable of realizing further noise reduction when the compressor is driven. In particular, an object is to provide a suitable medical oxygen concentrator that can be used at a medical site such as a hospital or at home.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, an oxygen concentrator according to the present invention includes a compressor in which a compression unit and a decompression unit are integrally configured, and compresses raw air by the compression unit. By supplying the generated compressed air to the first adsorption cylinder in which the catalyst is incorporated, nitrogen contained in the compressed air is adsorbed by the catalyst, and a first generation state for generating oxygen is formed. A second flow path capable of forming a purification state for purifying the catalyst incorporated in the first adsorption cylinder by reducing the pressure in the first adsorption cylinder by the decompression means; The first switching means for switching between and the compressed air generated by compressing the raw air by the compression means is supplied to the second adsorption cylinder in which the catalyst is incorporated, so that the nitrogen contained in the compressed air To generate oxygen by adsorbing the catalyst to the catalyst It is possible to form a purification state for purifying the catalyst built in the second adsorption cylinder by depressurizing the third flow path for forming the state and the inside of the second adsorption cylinder by the decompression means. A second switching means for switching between the second flow path, the first and second switching means, and two negative pressure release valves provided in series between the pressure reducing means. When the first adsorption cylinder is switched to the first flow path by the first switching means, the second switching means is connected to the fourth flow path. When the second adsorption cylinder is switched to the third flow path by the second switching means, and the second adsorption cylinder is in the generation state, the first switching means Controlled to be switched to the road, the first adsorption cylinder ends the generation state and enters the purification state. Pressure equalization process from when the second adsorption cylinder transitions to the generation state, and after the second adsorption cylinder completes the generation state and transitions to the purification state, In the pressure equalization process until the adsorption cylinder moves to the production state, the negative pressure break valve provided on the side close to the pressure reducing means of the two negative pressure break valves is the oxygen flow rate to be supplied. Is controlled to be in an open state when it is set to be equal to or less than a predetermined flow rate.

The compressor includes a DC brushless motor . The DC brushless motor fixes a polarization-magnetized permanent magnet and supports a rotating shaft, and is fixed near the rotor and generates a rotating magnetic field. A stator that generates power, and an energization unit that energizes the stator to generate the rotating magnetic field, and the compressor further converts a rectangular driving waveform for generating the rotating magnetic field into a sine driving wave. A drive waveform generating means for conversion is provided .

The compressor includes a pair of horizontally opposed pistons and a pair of cylinder chambers that perform a crank motion around a crankshaft fixed to the output shaft of the DC brushless motor, and the compression means includes the one piston and the cylinder chamber. The pressure reducing means is constituted by the other piston and cylinder chamber.

The rotor is an outer rotor in which a polarization-polarized cylindrical permanent magnet is fixed, the stator is disposed in the outer rotor, and the current-carrying portion is configured to change the polarity of the cylindrical permanent magnet. It is characterized by including a Hall element which detects the above in a non-contact manner and performs the energization.

  According to the present invention, the noise is reduced by changing the rectangular driving waveform for energizing the rotating motor to generate a rotating magnetic field to the stator of the DC motor that drives the compressed air generating unit and the negative pressure generating unit. Can be realized.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the present invention is capable of various modifications and changes, specific examples of which are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail below, but are not limited thereto. Various configurations are possible within the range stipulated in the above, and in particular, it is also applied to an indoor-installed pressure swing adsorption type oxygen concentrator using only an AC power source as a commercial power source and an adsorption membrane type oxygen concentrator 1 using a compressor. It goes without saying that it is possible.

<Description of Overall Configuration of Oxygen Concentrator 1>
First, FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a portable pressure swing adsorption type oxygen concentrator 1 according to an embodiment as viewed from the upper front diagonally. FIG. 2 is a rear view of the oxygen concentrator 1 shown in FIG.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the oxygen concentrator 1 has a smart travel bag-like appearance that is slender and slender in the vertical direction in order to minimize the installation location. For this reason, consideration is given so that it is not known to others that the oxygen concentrator 1 is obtained by a glance.

  In addition, as a feature, the electricity bill is about 34 yen per day (15.58 yen per 1 kWH) by pursuing lightening and energy saving of about one-third the weight of the conventional oxygen concentrator. On the other hand, it can be used in three systems: an attached detachable and rechargeable external battery, a built-in rechargeable battery, and a home commercial (AC) power source. In particular, the built-in battery and external battery can be used with peace of mind because they can be used as a backup power source in the event of a power failure. Furthermore, it has a function that can be switched to a “tuning mode” in which oxygen is sent in synchronization with intake air in order to save battery power.

  Further, as will be described later, the illustrated front cover 2 and back cover 3 for forming a hermetic cover are made of injection-molded resin parts, and a plurality of adsorbing cylinders arranged in parallel filled with an adsorbent (in this embodiment, 2 The other components including this) were also reduced in weight as much as possible to reduce the total weight to about 10 kg (when the carrier 10 is not provided using an AC power source). As a result, the handle 4 having a strength sufficient to withstand the force of lifting the oxygen concentrator 1 serving as a handle portion for making a so-called portable type that can be carried with one hand is provided upward as shown in the figure. Has produced a special feature.

  Further, the outer dimensions of the oxygen concentrator 1 are rounded as a whole. Specifically, the width W is 350 mm × the depth D is 250 mm × the height H is 550 mm. For this reason, since the occupation area on a floor surface can be made as small as possible, the above-mentioned weight reduction and downsizing are achieved. Further, as a design feature of the oxygen concentrator 1, a front cover 2 that covers the front surface of the oxygen concentrator 1 three-dimensionally from the installation floor is provided on the bottom surface of the handle 4 as shown in FIG. Consecutive accent lines are formed integrally in a concave shape in the vertical direction on the left and right, and the portion sandwiched between these accent lines is a light warm color system, and the operation panel 5 of the same color system is arranged above this, while the back cover 3 is The remaining part is a beige or cream color.

  By adopting the so-called two-tone modern design with the above design and color scheme, consideration should be given to harmonizing with other furniture such as furniture when the oxygen concentrator 1 is installed indoors. ing. Further, the front cover 2 and the back cover 3 are made of, for example, ABS resin, which is a thermoplastic resin having impact resistance, thereby ensuring design freedom.

  In FIG. 1, the operation panel 5 extends obliquely upward at an angle of, for example, about 10 degrees to the joint surface with the back cover 3 at the opening below the handle 4, and resin is sequentially applied from the left to the top. A large dial-type power switch 6 made of plastic, an oxygen outlet 7 for resin parts, an oxygen flow setting button 8 with a resin cover, and an oxygen flow rate display unit 9 for performing LED or liquid crystal display with 7-segment numbers. Has been. Above the oxygen outlet 7, a resin coupler 13 is shown that is engaged with a stepped portion formed in the oxygen outlet 7 in an airtight manner and is detachably provided. The coupler 13 is set so that an opening of a tube 15 such as a nasal cannula 14 communicates therewith.

  This operation panel 5 is provided near the height corresponding to the waist where a Japanese standard height (160-170 cm) patient stands and both hands are lowered. The operation of the device 1 can be performed. For this reason, it is not necessary to sit down and look into each other like a conventional oxygen concentrator. In some cases, it can also be used by remote operation to be described later. Therefore, the burden on the patient's abdomen is greatly reduced. Furthermore, even a left-handed person can operate without any sense of incongruity because the dials are arranged in symmetrical positions with the oxygen outlet 7 at the center.

  It should be noted that a hook (not shown) for hooking the tube 15 connected to the nasal cannula 14 or the like is provided and substantially corresponds to a range in which the tube 15 connected to the nasal cannula 14 or the like moves in the same room where the patient lives. The tube 15 may be used by removing it from the hook as a full length, and when the tube 15 is not used, the tube 15 with the nasal cannula 14 or the like connected thereto may be hooked on the hook after being wound several times.

  Further, the bottom lid 41 shown by a two-dot chain line in the drawing is also made of an impact-resistant thermoplastic resin, for example, ABS resin for weight reduction. Four rubber feet 22 are fixed to the bottom lid 41 at the four corners to prevent skidding when installed on the floor surface. On the other hand, the carrier 10 used during movement such as going out is fixed to the bottom lid 41 with two fixing screws 12. The carrier 10 has holes 10b larger than the rubber feet 22 at the corresponding positions, and is provided with resin-made free casters 11 at the four corners as shown. Further, the base of the carrier 10 is made of a light metal reinforced aluminum plate for weight reduction, and all the edges of the four sides are bent to ensure strength. In addition, an external battery, which will be described later, is inserted from the back side, and is accommodated in a predetermined position so as to be immovable, and the two fixing screws 12 are passed through and fixed to the female screw portion of the bottom lid 41. Thus, holes 10a for integrating the carrier 10 with the apparatus 1 are provided.

  Next, a description will be given with reference to FIG. The back cover 3 constitutes a hermetic cover by being fixed to the front cover 2 by a total of a plurality of fixing screws 16. The back cover 3 is also made of an impact-resistant thermoplastic resin, for example, ABS resin, similarly to the front cover 2 described above. A filter replacement lid 17 in which an outside air introduction filter 20 is exchangeably accommodated is attached / detached below the opening portion in which the hand can be inserted below the front / rear half handle 4 integrally formed with the back cover 3. It is provided freely.

  Exhaust ports 3a and 3b for exhausting air, which will be described later, are formed in the left and right portions below the back cover 3 with a lattice. Further, the portion between the exhaust ports 3a and 3b is a cutout portion cut out upward, and the external battery connector 131 and the AC adapter connector 130 are respectively exposed from the cutout portion as shown. ing. Further, the connector 19b at the end of the AC cable 19a of the illustrated AC adapter 19 is inserted into the AC adapter connector 130, and supplies power from the AC adapter (AC 100V) 19 to the oxygen concentrator 1 to the oxygen concentrator. In addition, by setting the connector 227c of the external battery 227 that can be repeatedly charged to the battery connector 131, the maximum flow rate depends on the oxygen flow rate supplied to the patient when going out or moving indoors (indoors). The battery can be driven for about 2 hours.

  In addition, a built-in battery 228 (see FIG. 7) that can be repeatedly charged is also provided, and three power sources, an AC power source (commercial power source), an external battery, and a built-in battery are used. In addition, the priority order of power sources to be used is an AC power source, an external battery, and a built-in battery, so that the built-in battery is particularly preserved. A remaining amount confirmation button 227a that displays the remaining amount of the battery by being pressed on the surface of the external battery 227, and a plurality of remaining amount 100% when the remaining amount confirmation button 227a is pressed to confirm the remaining amount. For example, a remaining amount confirmation monitor 227b is provided for displaying, for example, LEDs in a plurality of steps (five steps) in which five display units are lit and one display unit is lit when the remaining amount is 20%. Further, the external battery 227 is a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, for example, and may be specially designed with an integrated charger. Or you may make it charge from the charger connected to AC power supply. The rechargeable battery 227 configured in this way always checks the remaining charge before use, so that the worst situation in which the battery runs out when going out is prevented.

  In addition, the cord hooks 21 and 21 are fixed to the carrier 10 with the accommodating portion 10c interposed therebetween, so that the AC adapter cable 19a is wound around the carrier 10 so as not to get in the way.

  Next, FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of an extension tube set such as the nasal cannula 14. In this figure, a resin-made relay coupler 30 is connected to a tube 15 such as a nasal cannula 14 in order to connect an extension tube 31 via a coupler 13. By connecting the extension tube 31 in this way, it can be extended to a length of about 15 m at the longest. As a result, the movement range of the patient can be increased, and the QOL can be further improved.

  Next, FIG. 4 is a substantial view of the operation panel 5 of the oxygen concentrator 1. In this figure, components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and the power switch 6 is operated between the illustrated OFF position and the ON position rotated clockwise by about 90 degrees. The The power switch 6 is provided so that most of the power switch 6 is retracted from the operation surface of the operation panel 5 to the back side (the back side of the drawing). Safety measures are taken to prevent injury even if it hits violently. At a position corresponding to the ON position of the power switch 6, for example, an operation state lamp 128 a incorporating a light emitting LED that is lit in green and red is provided. A battery remaining amount monitor 128d is provided on the operation state lamp 128a.

  The central oxygen outlet 7 is also provided so that all the enclosed portions are retracted from the operation surface of the operation panel 5 to the back side (the back side in the drawing) as shown in the figure. On the oxygen outlet 7, an alarm display unit 128 c is provided which has a character “inspection” or a character display corresponding thereto printed horizontally. Below the alarm display portion 128c, an oxygen lamp 128b having a built-in light emitting LED, for example, that lights in green, red, and yellow is provided.

  The oxygen flow rate setting button 8 is provided as flat switches 8 a and 8 b on which up and down arrows are printed, and is provided so as to be substantially flush with the operation surface of the operation panel 5. Each time the oxygen flow setting button 8 is operated, the oxygen flow rate is changed every time the oxygen concentrated to about 90% or more is pressed in a 0.25L step or a 0.01L step from 0.25L (liter) per minute to a maximum of 5L. It can be set, and is displayed on the upper oxygen flow rate display unit 9. As described above, the oxygen generation capacity can be changed. The synchronization lamp 25 is provided to notify the patient by lighting or flashing that the concentrated oxygen is being operated in an intermittent supply state by breathing synchronization. The operation indicator 25a is provided to inform the patient by blinking in synchronization with respiration.

  As described above, each operation unit arranged on the operation panel 5 performs a minimum necessary operation on the premise of safety in use and use by the elderly.

  5A is an operation explanatory diagram of the battery remaining amount display unit 128d of the operation panel 5 in FIG. 4, FIG. 5B is an operation explanatory diagram of the alarm display unit 128c of the operation panel 5 in FIG. FIG. 5C is an operation explanatory diagram of the oxygen concentration lamp 128b.

  First, in FIG. 5A, the battery remaining amount display portion 128d is fully lit for about 2 seconds when the power is turned on. After that, if the remaining amount of the built-in battery 228 (see FIG. 7) or the external rechargeable battery 227 is 100%, the lamp with the built-in light emitting LED provided on the left side lights in green (lights continuously). All of the display sections in a plurality of stages (for example, five stages) are lit up as shown in the figure. Each time the remaining battery level decreases by a predetermined percentage (for example, 20%) with respect to the full charge, the lights are sequentially turned off from the right side and the number of lights is gradually reduced. It is configured so that it can be lit and warned by a built-in buzzer or a voice guide to be described later.

  When the remaining amount of the rechargeable battery becomes a predetermined ratio (for example, 10%) or less with respect to the full charge, the lamp with the built-in light emitting LED provided on the left side flashes in a warning color such as red (lights up intermittently). At the same time, a warning is given by a built-in buzzer or voice guide at predetermined intervals, for example, every 5 minutes. In this way, safety in use in the battery drive mode is ensured particularly when going out or during a power failure. In addition, the battery remaining amount display part 128d of the internal battery 228 and the external rechargeable battery 227 may be displayed separately so as to correspond to the internal battery 228 and the external rechargeable battery 227, respectively, so that they can be easily viewed.

  Next, in FIG. 5B, the alarm display unit 128c is printed with the letters “check”, and the built-in lamp is lit to notify when the oxygen concentration is lowered. Also, when an abnormality occurs on the device side, a buzzer sounds and is notified with a voice guide. In addition, when the device stops due to a power failure, while blinking and informing, the buzzer and the voice guide can be surely notified particularly to the visually impaired.

  In FIG. 5C, in the oxygen lamp 128b, the built-in LED is lit in green when oxygen is normally inhaled. Further, the light is turned off when oxygen is not emitted or when the oxygen concentration is lowered. Then, in the synchronization mode (respiration synchronization mode), when a respiratory state cannot be detected for a certain time, for example, about 30 seconds, the alarm color is red, and a buzzer is sounded and a voice guide is used. In addition, when driving in a synchronized mode in which concentrated oxygen is supplied in synchronization with inspiration, the indicator lights up or blinks in green substantially in synchronization with the breathing pattern (oxygen output) in order to make the patient visually recognize that fact. I will let you know. By doing so, the patient can confirm that the concentrated oxygen is normally supplied.

  On the other hand, when the power switch 6 is turned on, a buzzer sounds and all the lamps are lit in green for 2 seconds together with a voice guide (initial self-check). And when using it in battery drive mode, it is lit and displayed according to the remaining amount in the display part of five steps after that. The patient operates the increase / decrease switches 8a and 8b of the oxygen flow rate setting button 8 according to the doctor's prescription and starts to supply oxygen when the flow rate is set to a predetermined flow rate (the oxygen flow rate increases and decreases when the increase / decrease switch 8a is pressed). Pressing the switch 8b decreases the oxygen flow rate). When the oxygen concentrator 1 is normally stopped, the temporary storage device 206 stores the previous operating conditions (oxygen flow rate, presence / absence of the synchronization mode). For this reason, if the oxygen flow rate setting button 8 is not pressed after the initial self-check, the concentrated oxygen is automatically supplied under the previous operating conditions. Note that the fact (the same operating conditions as the previous time) may be notified by voice guidance.

  At the time of stop, when the power switch 6 is turned off, the oxygen lamp 128b is turned off, and the operation lamp 128a flashes for a while and then automatically ends.

  As an operation performed by the patient every day, there is a case where dust, dust, or the like attached to the outside air introduction filter 20 provided on the back cover 3 is removed with a vacuum cleaner. In order to simplify this operation, the outside air introduction filter 20 is configured to be easily detachable.

  FIG. 6A is an external perspective view showing a state for allowing the outside air introduction filter 20 to be detachable from the back cover 3 of the oxygen concentrator 1, and FIG. 6B is a view showing that the outside air introduction filter 20 further includes a replacement lid 17. FIG. 7C is an external perspective view showing a state of being removed from FIG. 6C, and FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.

  First, in FIG. 6A, the back cover 3 is provided with an opening 3k having a vertical opening 3K1 for introducing outside air, and a replacement lid 17 is shown in the opening 3k. So as to be detachable. The opening 3k has a volume for burying the entire replacement lid 17, and forms a concave portion 3c into which the fingertip can be inserted.

  Next, in FIG. 6B, the replacement lid 17 is provided with a lateral opening 17b and upright portions 17a at the four corners as shown in the figure, and an open cell is formed in a portion surrounded by the upright portions 17a. The external air introduction filter 20 made of sponge is housed in an immobile state by its own elastic force. This standing portion 17a also serves as a mounting wall portion to the opening 3k. For this reason, the outside air introduction filter 20 is taken out in the state shown in the figure, washed with water, or replaced with a new one, so that it can be returned to its original state by being set on the replacement lid 17.

  6C, when the replacement lid 17 is set in the opening 3k as shown, the end face 32a of the shielding plate 32 of the main body covers most of the vertical opening 3K1 for introducing outside air. A slight upper part is left. As a result, the outside air is introduced into the inside in the direction of arrow F. Thus, by covering the back surface cover 3 from the inside with the shielding plate 32, noise is effectively prevented from leaking to the outside. That is, only the opening 3K1 and the exhaust ports 3a and 3b are opened to the outside of the oxygen concentrator 1, and the opening area is the minimum required to secure the flow rate of raw material air described later. By doing so, it is possible to realize a noise level of 38 decibels or less during operation so that sound generated from the inside does not leak to the outside as much as possible. In addition, the hermetic cover structure completely covers the periphery and reduces the number of exit portions, thereby enabling waterproofing measures in addition to soundproofing. The shielding plate 32 is prepared as a molded part of black resin, and the speaker 23 and the external communication connector 133 are fixed as shown.

  In addition, since the oxygen concentrator 1 is usually installed through a narrow gap from the wall surface of the room, the outside air introduction and the exhaust are performed from the back cover 3 side, so that the outside air introduction and the exhaust from the place where the exhaust sound becomes the lowest can be obtained. It is possible.

  On the other hand, the concave portion 3c of the back cover 3 allows the replacement lid 17 to be taken out so that the fingertip can enter as shown in the figure. The above are the components used directly by the patient. A specific internal configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS.

<Description of piping and block diagram of oxygen concentrator 1>
FIG. 7 is a piping diagram that also serves as a block diagram of the oxygen concentrator 1. In the figure, the same reference numerals are given to the components already described, and the description is omitted, and the double line in the figure is a flow path of air, oxygen, and nitrogen gas, and is generally indicated by pipes 24a to 24g. Has been. A thin solid line indicates power supply or electric signal wiring.

  Here, in the following description, a case will be described in which a compressor 105 (compressed air generating unit) and a decompressing unit (negative pressure generating unit) are integrated as the compressor 105. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and it goes without saying that the compressed air generating unit and the negative pressure generating unit may be configured separately. In addition, the front cover 2 and the back cover 3 that introduce outside air into the inside through the intake port and exhaust the outside through the exhaust port are shown as broken containers in the figure as sealed containers.

  Referring to FIG. 7 in order along the flow of introduced air, the air passes through the outside air introduction filter 20 built in the filter replacement lid 17 (see FIG. 6) and enters the oxygen concentrator 1 inside the outside (outside air). ) Is introduced in the direction of arrow F. This air enters the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 by the air blown by the pair of blower fans 104 and 104. That is, as will be described later, the opening formed in the side surface of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 (shown by a broken line) in which the blower fans 104 and 104 are arranged on the upper member and the compressor 105 is arranged in the lower member in a vibration-proof state. Air enters the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 through the section. In order to supply a part of this air as raw material air to the compression means 105a of the compressor 105, an opening of the pipe 24a is provided in the two-stage soundproof chamber 34, and is provided in the middle of the pipe 24a. An intake filter 101 that performs secondary filtration and a large-capacity intake muffler 102 are provided. With this configuration, the intake noise of the raw material air is reduced so that the intake noise of the raw material air remains in the two-stage soundproof chamber 34.

  On the other hand, the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 is made of a reinforced light alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy plate or other suitable material having a thickness of about 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm for weight reduction. Thus, when comprised from a thin plate, the intensity | strength of a screw hole part is not ensured. Therefore, the insert nut is fixed in place as a screw hole. Inside the two-stage soundproof chamber 34, a compressor 105, which preferably includes a compression means 105a for compressing raw material air to generate compressed air, and a decompression means 105b, is fixed in a vibration-proof state.

  Next, the filtered raw material air is pressurized by the compression means 105a of the compressor 105 to become compressed air. At this time, the temperature rises and is sent to the pipe 24c, so that the pipe 24c is lightweight with excellent heat dissipation effect. The metal pipe (for example, an aluminum pipe having an outer diameter of 6 mm and an inner diameter of 4 mm) is preferably cooled by blowing air from the blowing fan 104. Thus, by cooling the compressed air, zeolite, which is an adsorbent whose function is lowered at high temperatures, can sufficiently concentrate oxygen to about 90% or more as an adsorbent for generating oxygen by adsorption of nitrogen.

  The compressed air is alternately supplied to the adsorbing means (the first adsorbing cylinder 108a and the second adsorbing cylinder 108b arranged in parallel in this embodiment) via the pipe 24c. For this reason, switching valves (three-way switching valves) 109a and 109b are connected as shown. In addition to these switching valves 109a and 109b, and a pipe 24f communicating with the pressure reducing means 105b in order to desorb unnecessary gas from the first adsorption cylinder 108a and the second adsorption cylinder 108b (to perform purging). A plurality of (at least two) negative pressure breaking first valves 120 and negative pressure breaking second valves (pressure regulating valves) 121 are arranged in series. As will be described later by opening these, pressure in the pipe 24f is controlled to near atmospheric pressure during the pressure equalization process, and at a predetermined flow rate or less, thereby suppressing compressor vibration and lowering electric charge.

  The zeolite which is the catalyst adsorbent stored in the first adsorption cylinder 108a and the second adsorption cylinder 108b is an X-type zeolite having a SiO2 / Al2O3 ratio of 2.0 to 3.0, and this The amount of nitrogen adsorbed per unit weight is increased by using at least 88% of Al2O3 tetrahedral units combined with lithium cations. In particular, those having a granule measurement value of less than 1 mm and at least 88% or more of tetrahedral units fused with lithium cations are preferred.

  By using such a zeolite, it becomes possible to reduce the amount of raw material air used to generate the same oxygen, and as a result, the compressor 105 for generating compressed air can be made a small type. It was possible to further reduce noise.

  On the other hand, a check valve, an equal pressure valve 107 including a throttle valve and an on-off valve is branched and connected to the outlet side above the first adsorption cylinder 108a and the second adsorption cylinder 108b. Further, a pipe 24d is formed so that the downstream side of the equal pressure valve 107 is joined, and a product tank 111 serving as a container for storing the separated and produced oxygen having a concentration of about 90% or more is piped as shown in the figure. Has been. A pressure sensor 208 for detecting the pressure in each adsorption cylinder is piped as shown.

  On the downstream side of the product tank 111, a pressure regulator 112 that automatically adjusts the oxygen pressure on the outlet side to be constant is provided. A zirconia-type or ultrasonic-type oxygen concentration sensor 114 is connected to the downstream side of the pressure regulator 112, and the oxygen concentration is detected intermittently (every 10 to 30 minutes) or continuously. A proportional opening valve 115 that opens and closes in conjunction with the oxygen flow rate setting button 8 is connected to the downstream side, and an oxygen flow rate sensor 116 is connected to the downstream side. Further, a demand valve 117 is connected downstream of the sensor 116 via a negative pressure circuit board 118 for respiratory synchronization control, and is connected to the oxygen outlet 7 of the apparatus 1 via a sterilization filter 119. . With the above configuration, it becomes possible to inhale oxygen concentrated to about 90% or more at a maximum flow rate of 5 L / min to the patient via the nasal cannula 14 or the like.

  Next, in FIG. 7, the power supply system includes an AC adapter 19 connected via an AC power supply connector 130 connected to a switching regulator type AC adapter 19 that rectifies AC (commercial alternating current) power to a predetermined DC voltage. The built-in battery 228 built in the apparatus main body, the external battery 227 detachably provided via the connector 131, and a power control circuit 226 are included. The built-in battery 228 and the external battery 227 are rechargeable secondary batteries, and the built-in battery 228 is charged by receiving power from the power supply control circuit 226. Note that at least the built-in battery 228 can be repeatedly charged and discharged at least about 500 times (several hundred times), and has a management function such as the remaining battery level, the number of charge / discharge cycles used, the degree of deterioration, and the output voltage. It is preferable to have a management function capable of confirming the remaining battery capacity, remaining charge capacity, and number of charge / discharge cycles with an external portable terminal.

  Further, the external battery 227 can be charged by receiving power from the power supply control circuit 226 in the connected state via the connector 131, but is normally repeatedly charged using a separately prepared battery charger. Or you may prepare as the external battery 227 which integrated the battery charger designed exclusively.

  In the configuration of the power supply system described above, the oxygen concentrator has a first power supply state that operates by receiving power supply from the AC adapter 19, and a second power supply state that operates by receiving power supply from the built-in battery 228. It is automatically switched to one of three power supply states, ie, a third power supply state that operates by receiving power supply from an external battery.

  The power supply control circuit 226 is controlled by the central controller 200 so that the priority for this automatic switching is automatically determined in the order of the first power supply state, the third power supply state, and the second power supply state.

  Further, the power control circuit 226 and the built-in built-in battery 228 are arranged on the bottom surface as will be described later in order to lower the center of gravity of the oxygen concentrator 1. On the other hand, the external battery 227 can be used when going out by being built in the housing portion of the carrier 10 as described above. Since the external battery 227 is provided with the remaining charge display section and the like, the remaining usage time can be known together with the voice guide.

  The AC adapter 19 can generate a predetermined DC voltage without being affected by the difference in frequency and voltage fluctuation, and is preferably a switching regulator type that can be configured to be small and light, but a normal transformer type may also be used. The built-in battery 228 and the external battery 227 are preferably lithium ion or lithium hydrogen ion secondary batteries that have little memory effect during charging and can be fully charged even during recharging, but may be conventional nickel-cadmium batteries.

  Further, in preparation for an emergency, the external battery may be configured as a box of AA dry batteries that can be obtained anywhere.

  The central control unit 200 of the oxygen concentrator 1 has a function of switching to an optimum operation mode according to the amount of oxygen to be generated, and automatically generates a large amount of oxygen for the compressor 105 and the blower fan 104. In such a case, the built-in battery 228 is particularly preserved by performing control to rotate at a high speed and at a low speed when a small amount of oxygen is generated. As a result, even if the external battery 227 is forgotten to be charged, consideration is given so that it is possible to cope with a sudden outing or a power failure.

  By doing so, for example, even when the external battery 227 becomes zero when going out, the internal battery 228 can be used continuously, so that the patient can use it with peace of mind.

<Description of automatic selection operation for power supply selection>
FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of power supply selection, and shows an example of control for automatically switching to one of the three power supply states shown in FIG. Immediately after the power is turned on, all the connected power supplies are temporarily supplied in parallel by the power supply control circuit 226. In this figure, when the power switch 6 of the oxygen concentrator 1 is pressed, the operation program of the central control unit 200 is activated, proceeds to step S1 after initialization, and the power type determination is executed. Next, the process proceeds to step S2, and it is determined whether or not the apparatus 1 is connected to the AC adapter 19 and energized from the commercial power supply so that power can be supplied. The process proceeds to step S3 where it is determined that the power can be supplied by the determination in step S2, and the power supply control circuit 226 automatically switches to only the supply from the AC adapter 19 so that the first power supply state is set and the process is performed. finish.

  On the other hand, since the power supply state always changes, the process returns to S1 after the process is completed, and the power supply monitoring is continued. When energization from the commercial power source is performed, charging is performed in the order of the internal battery 228 and the external battery 227.

  Here, although the output voltage of the AC adapter is DC 30V, the output voltage of the built-in battery and the external battery is 29V, so that the determination by the control unit is possible. The determination of the internal battery and the external battery can be made based on the presence or absence of the connector connection.

  If it is determined in step S2 that the power from the AC adapter 19 cannot be supplied, the process proceeds to step S4 to determine whether or not the external battery 227 is connected first. If it is determined in step S4 that the external battery 227 is connected, the process proceeds to step S5 to enter a third power supply state that operates by receiving power supply from the external battery 227. Subsequently, in step S6, the remaining battery level is detected, and in the next step S7, it is determined whether the remaining battery level is sufficient. If it is determined in step S7 that the remaining battery level is sufficient, the power supply control circuit 226 automatically switches to only supply from the external battery 227, returns to S1, and continues the power supply monitoring process.

  However, if it is determined in step S7 that the remaining battery level is not sufficient, the process proceeds to step S8 and the power supply control circuit 226 automatically switches to the built-in battery 228. Next, in step S9, the detection result is displayed on the battery remaining amount display portion 128d of the operation panel 5 by detecting the remaining amount of the internal battery. Thus, the device 1 can be brought into the second power supply state in which the device 1 can operate by receiving the power supply of the built-in battery 228 that has been preserved until the end.

  Thereafter, in step S10, it is determined whether or not the remaining amount of the built-in battery is sufficient. If it is determined that the remaining battery amount is sufficient, the power supply control circuit 226 automatically switches to the built-in battery 228 and returns to S1 to monitor the power supply. Continue processing. On the other hand, if the remaining amount of the built-in battery becomes insufficient in step S10, the process proceeds to step S11 to generate a battery exhaustion warning or a voice guide.

  Again, in FIG. 7, the power switch 6 and the LED element for display are described with reference to FIG. 5 in the central control unit 200 that operates by receiving power supply from one of the three power systems. As shown in the figure, a display driving unit 204 that is driven to turn on and blink and is driven to display a set flow rate and an integrated time with a 7-segment LED is connected.

  The central control unit 200 includes a motor control unit 201 that controls driving of the DC motor of the compressor 105 and the motor of the blower fan 104, and an audio control unit 203 that generates audio content by being connected to the speaker 23. It is connected.

  The central control unit 200 includes a ROM that stores a predetermined operation program, and is further connected to an external storage device 210, a volatile memory 205, a temporary storage device 206, and a real-time clock 207, via an external connector 133. By connecting to a communication line or the like, it is possible to access the stored contents.

  The three-way switching valves 109a and 109b, the equal pressure valve 107, the negative pressure generator 105b for desorbing unnecessary gas in the first adsorption cylinder 108a and the second adsorption cylinder 108b, and the pipe 24f A negative pressure breaking first valve 120, a negative pressure breaking second valve 121, an oxygen concentration sensor 114, a proportional opening valve 115, a flow sensor 116, and a valve for controlling the demand valve 117 and a flow control unit for controlling the pressure. 202 is connected to the central control unit 200.

  By the way, the compressor 105 having a total weight of about 1 kg is a variable speed controller 123a built in the motor control unit 201, and the driving sound of the motor is controlled by a sine wave driving waveform, which will be described later, to lower the operation sound. . The compressor 105 can be operated at various speeds, can generate the required vacuum (negative pressure) / positive pressure level and flow rate, generates only a little noise and vibration, generates a little heat, It is preferable that it is small and light and can be operated with little power consumption.

  By providing the motor controller 201 with a variable speed controller, which is a variable speed control means, the speed of the compressor 105 can be freely changed based on the activity level and environmental conditions of the patient. As a result, when the demand valve 117 determines that the patient's oxygen demand is relatively low, such as when the patient is sitting or sleeping, by the respiratory synchronization, the drive rotation speed of the compressor 105 can be automatically reduced. it can. It can also automatically increase speed when it is determined that the patient's oxygen demand is relatively high and the oxygen demand has increased, such as when the patient is standing, active, or at a high altitude with a low oxygen concentration. It is configured to be able to.

  With the motor control described above, the power consumption of the entire apparatus 1 is reduced, the life when driven by a rechargeable battery can be extended, the weight and size of the rechargeable battery are reduced, and the degree of wear of the compressor 105 is reduced. The reliability can be improved by lowering the service life and extending the service life.

  As described above, the compressor 105 has both functions of generating compressed air and generating negative pressure, and the rotation speed is automatically controlled according to the oxygen flow rate to be taken out. Specifically, the rotation speed is controlled between 500 rpm and 3000 rpm, and the operation life when rotating at a normal speed of about 1700 rpm can be extended to 15000 hours. The compressor 105 has a performance of compressing air to 100 kPa, preferably about 75 kPa. In addition, it has a function of notifying by voice guidance when the above operation life has passed.

  The operating temperature surrounding the compressor 105 is 0 ° C. to 40 ° C., and the driving voltage for the compressor 105 is DC 12V or 24V, which is a power source obtained from a cigarette lighter adapter such as an automobile or a truck. Is about 45 to 80 W. For this reason, in the worst case, the power can be supplied by connecting to the connector 131.

  Here, the role of each of the negative pressure release valves 120 and 121 is to automatically adjust the degree of vacuum on the decompression means side of the compressor 105. That is, since the compressor 105 employed in the apparatus 1 has both functions of a compression unit and a decompression unit, there is an advantage that it can be reduced in size and weight. However, the compressor integrated in this way has a problem that vibration is increased as compared with a compressor dedicated to pressurization and a compressor dedicated to vacuum (negative pressure). In particular, vibration is intense in the compression process, and in the pressure equalization process, the flow path 24f of the three-way switching valves 109a and 109b is in communication with the compression means (compressed air generation unit) 105a side and the one suction cylinder pair 108a side. Since the means (negative pressure generating part) 105b side is cut off, the pressure in the flow path 24f of the three-way switching valves 109a and 109b and the pressure reducing means (negative pressure generating part) 105b is in an extremely high vacuum state. It depends. In order to eliminate this high vacuum state, the negative pressure release valve 120 is piped as shown in FIG. 7 so as to communicate with the outside air.

  Synchronously with the pressure equalization step, one of the negative pressure release valves 120 is operated to open so that the outside air enters the flow path, and the flow path is closer to the atmospheric pressure. To do. Due to this action, the compressor 105 is in a state close to a no-load state, so that generation of vibration can be prevented, and noise can be reduced and power can be reduced. As will be described later, one of the negative pressure release valves 121 is turned on and opened according to the set oxygen flow rate.

  On the other hand, the air blowing fans 104 and 104 for cooling the compressor 105 and the inside of the apparatus 1 consume about 2.7 W of power. An axial fan may be used instead of this blower. Here, the maximum noise pressure level of the apparatus 1 is 35 dBA or less at the maximum rotation speed, and 33 dBA when the concentrated oxygen flow rate is 1 L / min or less.

  As the three-way switching valves 109a and 109b, electromagnetic valves that perform a valve operation generally called a direct acting type by a magnetic force during energization can be used. This type of solenoid valve has a problem of high power consumption because the main valve is operated only by electric power. Therefore, a pilot-type three-way switching valve can be used as the three-way switching valves 109a and 109b. According to this pilot-type three-way switching valve, since it can be operated by using little power consumption and air pressure from the compressor, it is reduced from 8W to 0.5W in the past, resulting in a significant power reduction. Will be expected.

  Each of the above-described components is fixed mainly with the two-stage soundproofing chamber 34 as an attachment portion in consideration of improvement in assembly workability and inspection maintenance of the small-sized oxygen concentrator 1 with reduced noise.

  That is, the compressor 105 generating a large amount of noise, the blower fan 104 that generates blower sound to cool the compressor 105 by blowing, the air inlet port of the intake buffer tank 102, the three-way switching valve 109, and the exhaust gas during exhaust A silencer 110 that generates sound and other various valves are arranged inside a two-stage soundproofing chamber 34 in which a soundproofing material is laid on the entire inner peripheral surface, and the outer wall portion of the two-stage soundproofing chamber 34 is effectively used. The shielding plate 32, the adsorption cylinders 108a and 108b, the product tank 111, the intake buffer tank 102, the various control boards 200, 201 and 202, and the oxygen pressure is automatically adjusted to be constant as described above. Pressure regulator 112, oxygen concentration sensor 114 and proportional opening valve 115 downstream of pressure regulator 112, oxygen flow sensor 116, and negative pressure circuit board 118 for breathing synchronization control A demand valve 117 which is connected is fixed.

  In this way, the components accompanied by vibration or noise generation are provided in a soundproof state inside the two-stage soundproof chamber 34, so that the supply sound of the compressed air, the introduction sound of the external air, and the filtered air for producing the raw air The noise is reduced in such a way that the introduction sound, the operation sound of the three-way switching valve and the exhaust sound periodically generated from the silencer 110 do not leak to the outside.

  Further, as described above, the front cover 2 and the back cover 3 are hermetic covers having a minimum necessary opening for introducing outside air into the inside through the intake ports and exhausting them through the exhaust ports 3a and 3b. In the same way, noise reduction is achieved.

  Next, FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional exploded view seen from the back side in order to show the internal configuration of the oxygen concentrator 1. In this figure, components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described. From the lower side, the bottom made of resin indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. The lid 41 is fixed to the bottom surface of the resin base body 40 using a plurality of fixing screws 16.

  The base body 40 is formed in a box shape in which wall surfaces continuously formed downward from the four surfaces are integrally formed. As shown in the drawing, the connectors 131 and 130 are fixed on the wall surface on the back surface. Has been. Further, exhaust ports 40c and 40c that face the exhaust ports 3a and 3b of the back cover 3 and communicate with the internal power supply chamber are formed as shown in the figure, and the final external parts are provided through these exhaust ports 40c. Exhaust is performed. The upper surface of the base body 40 is formed flat as shown in the figure, and holes for fixing with the fixing screws 16 from the left and right sides and the back side of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 formed as shown in the figure. The upright portion 40f having a hole is integrally formed from three directions. Further, an exhaust opening 40b communicating with the power supply chamber is further drilled.

  Next, the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 has two blower fans 104 fixed on an upper member 36 that can be taken in and out from the side on the front side of the drawing, and a compressor on a lower member 37 that can also be taken in and out from the side. The sealed box 35 in which 105 is disposed in an anti-vibration state is composed of the light metal plate as described above.

  In the two-stage soundproof chamber 34, a soundproof chamber cover 39 shown on the front side and a soundproof chamber cover 38 shown on the back side are fixed with a plurality of fixing screws 16 as shown in the figure. For this purpose, the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 is integrally formed with a mounting portion that is bent as shown in the drawing and in which an insert nut is implanted. A soundproof material 51 is laid in the soundproof room. Further, the outer peripheral surface is a vibration damping member, and a sheet-like material made of a mixture of synthetic rubber and special resin material is laid, and the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 itself made of a thin aluminum plate is caused by resonance or the like. Vibration is prevented.

  First opening portions 35a and 35a (shown by broken lines) shown by solid lines are formed in the left and right side wall surfaces above the upper member 36 of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 so as to introduce outside air into the interior. It is configured. The upper member 36 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 36h for fixing the pipe 24 via the rubber bush, and supports the pipe 24 and performs a vibration and vibration isolating function in cooperation with the rubber bush. It is configured as follows.

  In addition, each blower fan 104 is fixed to the upper member 36 using a bracket so that each blower port faces downward. Between the air blowing fans 104, the above-described three-way switching valve 109 and the like are arranged.

  Cylindrical adsorption cylinders 108a and 108b are arranged side by side with the intake buffer tank 102 on the left side wall surface of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34, and pass through the band 49 to a fixture 49k fixed to the side wall surface. Later, the band 49 is tightened to secure it as shown. At this time, the suction cylinder 108 is placed on the upper surface of the base body 40, but the buffer tank having a long overall length is partially inserted and fixed in the opening 40d.

  The product tank 111 is made of polyethylene resin to be vacuum-formed, and is placed on the upper side in the longitudinal direction as shown in the figure. The shielding plate 32 is also made of resin for weight reduction, and is provided with a speaker 23 and an external connector 133 as shown in the figure, and a fixing screw 16 is used for the outer wall surface above the two-stage soundproof chamber 34. The mounting part that also serves as a reinforcement to be fixed is integrally molded. Further, the heat dissipating members 52 and 53 are fixed to the wall surface above the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 by the fixing screws 16 and the control boards 200, 201, 202 and others are fixed in an upright state, thereby providing a heat dissipating effect. It is increasing. In addition, since this shielding board 32 comes out outside as mentioned above, it is colored black using a black pigment.

  An oxygen sensor 114, a proportional opening valve 115, a pressure regulator 112, a flow sensor 116, a demand valve 117, and a circuit board 118a are fixed to the right side wall surface of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34.

  As described above, it is possible to realize downsizing and access from four directions by adopting a structure in which the outer wall of the two-stage type soundproof chamber 34 fixed on the base body 40 is fixed as the mounting surface as described above. As a result, the assembly workability is greatly improved, and an automatic assembly line can be realized. Further, the front cover 2 and the back cover 3 described above can greatly contribute to space saving by preventing the front cover 2 and the back cover 3 from protruding radially from the base body 40.

  FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional exploded view seen from the bottom surface side to show the bottom lid 41 and the base body 40 of the oxygen concentrator 1. In this figure, components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. As shown in the figure, the base body 40 includes a power supply chamber 401 communicating with the opening 40b and a built-in battery 228. A built-in battery chamber 402, a pressure equalizing valve 107121, and a storage chamber 403 that stores a part of the intake buffer tank 102 are formed through a partition wall, and each of the chambers is sealed after the bottom lid 41 is fixed. Like to do.

  With the above configuration, in the process of being exhausted through the silencer 110 incorporated in the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 as described above, the exhaust is branched in the direction indicated by the broken line arrow F and flows to the outside from the opening 40c. The exhaust sound is attenuated, and the heat generated by the power supply device 226 can be cooled by the exhaust.

  FIG. 11 is an external perspective view seen from the opposite side in order to show the internal configuration of the oxygen concentrator 1 after the components shown in FIG. 9 are assembled on the base body 40. In this figure, components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. All components are fixed on the base body 40 without a gap as illustrated.

  In order to fix the front and back covers 2, 3 to the internal structure after the assembly of the oxygen concentrator 1, one flange portion 48 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base body 40. A sound absorbing material 51 made of closed cell urethane sponge is laid on the back surface of the front cover 2. Further, a mounting board 128 on which the lamps arranged on the operation panel 5 and the display driving unit 204 of the display unit are mounted is fixed as shown in the figure. Further, below the surface cover 2, the other flange portions 50, 50 that are formed so as to sandwich one flange portion 48 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base body 40 from above and below are integrally formed vertically. Further, the abutting surface 2p of the surface cover 2 is formed so as to be along a substantially flat surface, and a shape portion 2h obtained by insert-molding an insert nut serving as a female screw portion of the fixing screw 16 is formed at a plurality of locations.

  Further, the abutting surface 3p of the back cover 3 is formed so as to be along a substantially flat surface, and a shape portion 3h serving as an insertion hole for the fixing screw 16 is formed at a plurality of locations.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing how the front and back covers 2 and 3 are fixed. As shown in the figure, when the covers 2 and 3 are brought into contact with the abutting surfaces 2p and 3p in order to fix the front and back covers 2 and 3 to the base body 40, one flange portion 48 of the base body 40 is brought into contact with the other. It will be in the state which enters between the collar parts 50 and 50. Thereafter, the hermetic cover is completed by fixing with the fixing screw 16.

  By configuring as described above, space saving can be realized. Therefore, the front cover 2, the back cover 3, the bottom cover 41, and the base 40 are prepared as lightweight parts that are injection-molded using an ABS resin material, and the total weight of the resin parts is 2.6 kg. It became about 26% of the total weight of 10 kg.

  Here, the cover having the same surface area formed from the front cover 2 and the back cover 3 is a conventional wooden casing that is easy to process, is less likely to be distorted in dimensions, is lightweight, and has excellent soundproofing performance. In case of using MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) wood, the weight is about 4.6 kg. Also, since the wooden casing is a flat plate with a thickness of about 1 cm, in order to make it curved as shown in the figure, these plate members are stacked and processed into a curved shape. End up. For this reason, the target weight of about 10 kg cannot be achieved. However, it goes without saying that a hermetic cover can also be made with the MDF described above, for example, in the case of an indoor permanent type that does not need to be lightweight.

<Description of the two-stage soundproof room 34>
Next, FIG. 13 is an external perspective view in which a main part of the lower member 37 of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 that houses the compressor 105 in a vibration-proof and soundproof state is cut away. In this figure, components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. On the inner peripheral surface of the two-stage type soundproof chamber 34, a soundproofing material in which a damping material and a closed cell sponge are formed in a multilayer structure. Is laid.

  As described above, the compressor 105 integrally forms the compressed air generation part 105a and the negative pressure generation part 105b, and is connected to connecting rods 57 and 58 around the crankshaft fixed to the output shaft 56 of the outer rotor type electric motor. A piston is provided. The pair of horizontally opposed pistons that perform the crank motion are provided in a sealed state that can reciprocate in the cylinder. One piston 60 constitutes an air compression portion 105a, and the other piston 59 constitutes a negative pressure portion 105b. Has been. For this purpose, a one-way valve (not shown) is mounted on the compression surface of each piston.

  Further, the reciprocating direction of the pair of horizontally opposed pistons is a horizontal direction parallel to the bottom surface of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34. However, when the load increases, the pair of horizontally opposed pistons vibrate greatly in the directions of arrows V and V. For this purpose, the compressor 105 is fixed so that the compressor 105 is sandwiched from above and below by a compressor fixing base 61 that puts the compressor in a substantially vertical vibration-proof state in the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 so that vibration can be efficiently absorbed. Yes. That is, two front and rear coil springs 62 (only the front side is shown) are fixed, and a rubber bush (not shown) is further built in and fixed on the lower member 37 as shown. The compressor fixing base 61 is preferably made of an aluminum plate for weight reduction.

  When the compressor 105 is started with the above configuration, the coil spring 62 repeatedly performs compression and expansion appropriately, while the pipe 24 fixed to the upper member 36 via the rubber bush as described above is also compressed appropriately. By repeatedly performing the stretching, the vibration can be supported substantially in a six-point support state.

  Further, since the compressor fixing base 61 holds only the DC motor portion, the air blowing for cooling the compressor 105 by the air blowing fan 104 can be smoothly performed without being obstructed. FIG. 14 is a side view in which a main part of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 that houses the compressor 105 and the blower fan 104 in a soundproof state is cut away.

  In this figure, components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and the upper member 36 and the lower member 37 are individually drawn out in the direction of the arrow on the left and right wall surfaces of the sealed box 35. Thus, the inspection work at the position shown in the figure is possible. With the above configuration, assembly work and overhaul work have been greatly improved.

  Next, FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the flow of the outside air introduction air, the raw material air and the exhaust air. In this figure, components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. Air that has been primarily filtered by the outside air introduction filter 20 is introduced into the sealed cover (2, 3) in the direction of arrow F1. The The introduced air is sucked by the two blower fans 104 so as to branch in the direction of the arrow F2, and flows into the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 through the first opening 35a of the two-stage soundproof chamber 34. . Since the compressor 105 generates heat, the temperature rises to 50 ° C. or more unless it is cooled significantly, so it needs to be cooled efficiently. Therefore, the compressor 105 is cooled by blowing air from the opening 36 a of the upper member 36.

  Further, in order to use a part of the air introduced into the two-stage soundproof chamber 34 as the raw material air, it passes through the pipe 24 in the direction of the arrow F3 and passes through the filter 101 for performing secondary filtration and the intake buffer tank 102 and then the arrow. It flows in F4 direction and goes to the compressed air generation part 105a. In this way, the intake sound is completely blocked. Further, the exhaust is sufficiently silenced by the built-in silencer 110, and then exits the opening 37b of the lower member 37 in the direction of the arrow F5, and then is externally exhausted from the respective exhaust ports 2c in the direction of the arrow F6.

  As described above, all the main components necessary for substantially generating oxygen are sound-insulated in the two-stage soundproof chamber 34, so that the sound of the compressor 105, which is a continuous noise source, is the only opening. The air is discharged from the air outlet 2c. The sound energy at this time is attenuated by repeatedly reflecting and absorbing sound, so that annoying sound is reduced. Furthermore, in the soundproofing room, the sound source 51 is attached to the inner surface, so that the noise source is minimized, and the oxygen discharge passage and the parts necessary for oxygen generation as in the prior art are separated. Compared to the concentrator, efficient use of space can greatly reduce the size and maintainability of the device.

  The medical oxygen concentrator 1 of the present invention has been described based on the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, by adsorbing nitrogen from the air and As a catalyst support for producing a Z-type zeolite having a SiO2 / Al2O3 ratio of 2.0 to 3.0, and by binding at least 88% or more of the tetrahedral units of the Al2O3 with a lithium cation, The number of adsorption cylinders may be one. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the design of the cover is not limited to the above configuration.

  With the above configuration, when the power switch 6 of the oxygen concentrator 1 is turned on, supply of a predetermined voltage is started and a self-check is performed. Subsequently, the compressor 105, the blower fans 104 and 104, and the three-way switching valve 109 are energized, so that external air is introduced and the accompanying air introduction sound is continuously generated. At the same time, vibration of the compressor 105, noise associated with the vibration, and transmitted sound from the pipes extending to the respective suction cylinders are continuously generated.

  Following this, the introduced air is introduced into the first adsorption cylinder 108a through one of the three-way switching valves 109a, and the produced oxygen flows into the product tank 111 through a check valve, which will be described later, and the pressure gradually increases. . When the predetermined pressure is reached, the equal pressure valve 107 is in the “open state” for a predetermined time.

  A part of oxygen concentrated in the first adsorption cylinder 108a is used to clean the second adsorption cylinder 108b, and then a pressure equalization process is performed. Further, the negative pressure breaking first valve 120 is operated in synchronization with the pressure equalization step, thereby reducing the vibration of the compressor. And preparation for the next pressurization is performed.

  Next, the three-way switching valve 109b operates to perform a desorption process (discharge of nitrogen and moisture) of the first adsorption cylinder 108a and intake of compressed air into the second adsorption cylinder 108b. Oxygen separated and generated by the compressed air flowing into the second adsorption cylinder 108b flows into the product tank 111 via a check valve (not shown). Thereafter, when the pressure sensor 208 detects that the predetermined pressure is reached, the equal pressure valve 107 is “open” for a predetermined time. Thereafter, a cleaning and pressure equalizing process of the second adsorption cylinder 108a is performed.

  As described above, since the equal pressure valve 107 is opened, oxygen generated in the second adsorption cylinder 108b is sent to the outlet of the first adsorption cylinder 108a, so that the built-in zeolite is cleaned. It will be. By repeating the above switching operation at a predetermined timing, it is possible to stably supply oxygen continuously.

  The flow rate sensor 116 reads the set value set in the flow rate setting for determining the oxygen flow rate to be used as described above. Further, the flow rate sensor 116 is prepared for a case where the flow rate is lowered due to disturbance factors such as tube breakage. The actual flow rate is measured and notified by voice guidance.

  According to the conventional oxygen concentrator, the external air introduction passage is set to be long, and a large number of refractions are given, and further, it is housed in a sound insulation box provided with a sound absorbing material. For this reason, the quiet oxygen concentrator was supposed to be enlarged. Further, the adsorption cylinder filled with zeolite is generally arranged at a place where it is difficult to be affected by the temperature because the nitrogen adsorption amount decreases as the temperature rises.

  For this reason, pressure loss due to the length of the piping path may not be negligible, but these problems are all solved by the configuration shown in FIG. 7 and the mechanical configuration described later.

<Description of Negative Pressure Breakdown First Valve 120 and Negative Pressure Breakdown Second Valve 121>
Next, FIG. 16A shows an adsorption step of the first adsorption cylinder 108a when the oxygen flow rate is equal to or higher than a predetermined flow rate, for example, greater than 1.25 liters per minute in this embodiment, FIG. ) Is a schematic diagram illustrating the pressure equalization process of the first adsorption cylinder 108a.

  FIG. 17D shows an adsorption process of the first adsorption cylinder 108a when the oxygen flow rate is a predetermined flow rate or less, for example, 1.25 liters or less, (e) is a cleaning step, and (f) is a first flow rate. It is the schematic diagram which illustrated the pressure equalization process of 1 adsorption | suction cylinder 108a, respectively.

  FIG. 18A shows a valve sequence when the oxygen flow rate is not less than a predetermined flow rate, for example, greater than 1.25 liters per minute, and FIG. 18B shows the case where the oxygen flow rate is less than a predetermined flow rate, for example, 1.25 liters per minute or less. Represents the valve sequence. Here, the shaded area indicates that it is in an operating state. The negative pressure release valve 120 is always operated when the oxygen flow rate is equal to or lower than a predetermined flow rate, for example, 1.25 liters per minute. Here, the shaded portion indicates that each valve is in an operating state. The negative pressure release valve 121 is operated in the pressure equalizing process regardless of the oxygen flow rate. On the other hand, the negative pressure release valve 120 sets a threshold value for the oxygen flow rate. For example, when the oxygen flow rate is equal to or lower than a predetermined flow rate, for example, 1.25 liters per minute, continuous (all steps of adsorption / desorption, cleaning, and pressure equalization). It is operating.

  FIG. 19A shows the pressure in the pipe 24f during the pressure equalization process when the oxygen flow rate is higher than a predetermined flow rate, for example, 1.25 liters per minute in this embodiment. FIG. 4B is a pressure chart that changes with time in order to indicate “present” and “absent”, and (b) shows a pipe 24f when the oxygen flow rate is a predetermined flow rate, for example, 1.25 liters per minute or less in this embodiment. 8 is a pressure chart in the case of “Yes” and “No” of the negative pressure release valve 120.

  As can be seen from FIG. 19A, there is a difference in the pressure in the pipe 24f when the negative pressure release valve 121 is operated and when it is not operated. The spike-like pressure change that appears when the valve is not operated is a factor that generates intense vibrations in the compressor and increases the power, and the effect of the negative pressure release valve 121 can be seen.

  In FIG. 16 (a), components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and the equal pressure valve 107 is branched between the outlet sides of the two adsorption cylinders as shown. Has been. When the maximum internal pressure value in the cylinder is detected by the pressure sensor 208, the equal pressure valve 107 is opened by energization from the control unit 202 so as to equalize the pressure between the two adsorption cylinders. Further, check valves 307 a and 307 b are connected to the pipe 24 before the junction point, so that oxygen generated in the product tank 111 is supplied from each cylinder.

  The three-way switching valves (main solenoid valves) 109a and 109b in FIG. 7 include pilot valves (pilot solenoid valves), and these pilot valves have a slight pressure from the compressed air generation unit 105a of the compressor 105. The main valve can be opened and closed. For this reason, it is comprised so that power consumption may be attained compared with a direct acting solenoid valve, and the non-illustrated check valve is also incorporated.

  Next, FIG. 19B shows the pressure in the pipe 24f when the oxygen flow rate is a predetermined flow rate or less, for example, 1.25 liters or less per minute, but it is always a negative pressure through FIGS. 17D, 17E and 17F. The release valve 120 is in an operating (operating) state. It can be seen that the pressure in the pipe 24f increases when not operated. Since a relatively high concentration of oxygen is likely to be obtained in a low flow rate region, even if the vacuum pressure is reduced to some extent (closer to atmospheric pressure) by operating the negative pressure destruction valve 120, the oxygen concentration is affected. do not do. In this way, the load on the compressor is reduced, and noise and power can be reduced.

  The pressure control in the pipe 24f is determined by the orifice diameter of the negative pressure release valve. However, since the negative pressure release valve 121 is most effective to lower to substantially atmospheric pressure, it is set to about φ2.3 here. The negative pressure release valve 120 only needs to reduce the pressure in the pipe 24f to a predetermined pressure, and is formed smaller than the orifice diameter of the negative pressure release valve 121. For example, about φ1.0 is selected.

  FIG. 18A shows the pressure in the pipe 24f during the pressure equalization process when the oxygen flow rate is a predetermined flow rate, for example, 1.25 liters per minute or more in this embodiment. FIG. 4B is a pressure chart that changes with time in order to indicate “present” and “absent”, and (b) shows a pipe 24f when the oxygen flow rate is a predetermined flow rate, for example, 1.25 liters per minute or less in this embodiment. 6 is a pressure chart in the case of “Yes” and “No” of the negative pressure release valve 121.

  As can be seen from FIG. 18A, there is a difference in the pressure in the pipe 24f when the negative pressure release valve 120 is operated and when it is not operated. The spike-like pressure change that appears when the actuator is not operated is a factor that causes intense vibrations to the compressor and increases the electric power, and the effect of the negative pressure release valve 120 can be seen.

  In FIG. 16 (a), components that have already been described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and the equal pressure valve 107 is branched between the outlet sides of the two adsorption cylinders as shown. Has been. When the maximum internal pressure value in the cylinder is detected by the pressure sensor 208, the equal pressure valve 107 is opened by energization from the control unit 202 so as to equalize the pressure between the two adsorption cylinders. In addition, a throttle 306 is piped so as to be parallel to the uniform pressure valve 107 so as to send an appropriate oxygen supply to the other cylinder. On the other hand, check valves 307a and 307b, which are configured to supply oxygen generated from the respective cylinders to the product tank 111, are connected to the pipe 24 before the junction.

  The three-way switching valves (main solenoid valves) 109a and 109b in FIG. 7 include pilot valves (pilot solenoid valves), and these pilot valves have a slight pressure from the compressed air generation unit 105a of the compressor 105. The main valve can be opened and closed. For this reason, it is comprised so that power consumption may be attained compared with a direct acting solenoid valve, and the non-illustrated check valve is also incorporated.

  Next, FIG. 18 (b) shows the pressure in the pipe 24f at 1.0 liter / min or less, but it is always in an operating state through FIGS. 17 (d) (e) (f). It can be seen that the pressure in the pipe 24f increases when not operated. Since it is relatively easy to obtain high concentration oxygen in the low flow rate region, even if the vacuum pressure is lowered to some extent by operating the negative pressure destruction valve 121, the oxygen concentration is not affected. In this way, the load on the compressor is reduced, and noise and power can be reduced.

  The pressure control in the pipe 24f is determined by the orifice diameter of the negative pressure release valve. However, since the negative pressure release valve 120 is most effective to lower to substantially atmospheric pressure, it is set to about φ2.3 here. Further, the negative pressure release valve 121 only needs to reduce the pressure in the pipe 24f to a predetermined pressure, and here, about φ1.0 is selected.

  FIG. 19 is an actual measurement value of the pressure change of the negative pressure portion 105b of the compressor, where (a) shows a set oxygen flow rate of 1.5 liters per minute, and (b) shows a set oxygen flow rate every time. The case of 1 liter per minute is shown. In this embodiment, the negative pressure release valves 120 and 121 are arranged in series with the pipe 24f, but a plurality of three or more may be provided in series.

  The process of Fig.19 (a) has shown the pressure waveform in an adsorption | suction process and a washing | cleaning process. After that, if the negative pressure breaking first valve 120 is not energized in the equal pressure process in FIG. 16B and is closed, the pressure waveform becomes a large pressure fluctuation A2, resulting in a large compressor vibration noise. Become. Therefore, if the negative pressure breaking first valve 120 is opened by energization in the equal pressure process, the pressure waveform A3 as shown in the figure is obtained, and the pressure fluctuation has a small amplitude. As a result, the vibration noise of the compressor is reduced. Similar pressure waveforms are obtained during the driving operations of FIGS. 16 (c) and 16 (d).

  Moreover, the process of FIG.19 (b) has shown the pressure waveform in the adsorption | suction process and washing | cleaning process in Fig.17 (a). After that, when the negative pressure breaking first valve 120 is opened by energization in the equal pressure process in FIG. 17B and the negative pressure breaking second valve 121 is closed, the pressure waveform B2 is obtained. As a result of the large pressure fluctuation, the compressor vibration noise is slightly increased. Therefore, if the negative pressure breaking second valve 121 is opened in addition to energizing the negative pressure breaking first valve 120 in this equal pressure step, the pressure waveform B3 is obtained, resulting in a small amplitude pressure fluctuation. It was confirmed to be very low. Similar pressure waveforms were obtained during the driving operations of FIGS. 17 (c) and 17 (d).

  As described above, particularly when the set oxygen flow rate is set small and the load on the compressor is reduced, it is possible to provide an oxygen concentrator that can reduce noise and reduce electric power. That is, in order to separate and produce oxygen at a high flow rate and a high concentration, it is preferable to make the pressure in the adsorption cylinder as high as possible (a negative pressure state), so the negative pressure breaking second valve 121 is closed. Keep it. However, in order to easily obtain high-concentration oxygen at a low flow rate, the negative pressure destruction second valve 121 is opened and the pressure is reduced to the minimum pressure at which high-concentration oxygen can be obtained. It enables operation with low noise and low power.

<Drive explanation of DC motor of compressor>
Next, by reducing the operating noise of the compressor 105 in which the compressed air generating section that generates compressed air and the negative pressure generating section that generates negative pressure are configured using a DC motor (hereinafter also referred to as a compressor motor) as a drive source. Noise can be reduced.

  20 is a cross-sectional view of the compressor motor, and FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. In FIG. 20, the same reference numerals are given to the components or parts already described, and the description thereof is omitted. As described with reference to FIG. In order to use the body 56 as an output shaft, the crankshaft 56 is rotatably supported by two bearings provided in an aluminum die-cast casing 67 of the compressor motor.

  A polarized magnetized permanent magnet 64 is fixed to the end of the crankshaft 56 to constitute an outer rotor of a DC motor. In addition, three hall elements 66 for detecting a change in magnetic pole generated when the permanent magnet 64 is rotated in a non-contact manner are fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 67 at equal angular intervals near the rotor. ing.

  On the other hand, the stator 65 formed of a three-pole coil that generates a rotating magnetic field is fixed to the lid member of the casing as shown in the figure so as to be located inside the outer rotor.

  A so-called brushless outer-rotor DC motor is configured as described above. Here, it goes without saying that a normal DC motor can be used in addition to the three-pole DC motor configured as described above, and three or more pole motors may be used.

  Next, FIG. 20A is a motor drive circuit diagram, and FIG. 20B is a motor drive waveform diagram. First, in FIG. 20A, a motor driver (not shown) is built in the motor control unit 201, and a drive waveform according to detection of individual Hall elements 66 is detected for individual coils of the stator 65. It is comprised so that it may apply. By generating a rotating magnetic field in the stator in this way, the permanent magnet 64 fixed to the outer rotor is magnetically attracted and rotationally driven.

  In order to generate the rotating magnetic field in this way, conventionally, the driving by the rectangular wave that sequentially energizes the stator coil 65a, 65b, 65c with the rectangular wave illustrated by the waveform K1 in FIG. There was noise peculiar to square wave drive. Therefore, by storing a drive waveform in a memory element and using a sine wave generation circuit (not shown) that converts the sine waveform for one cycle into a sine wave by sequentially reading, the sine drive wave indicated by the waveform K2 is used. The noise can be further reduced by sequentially energizing the sine drive wave.

  As described above, the noise can be further reduced by reducing the noise of the compressor, which is the largest noise generating source that is always driven during operation.

<Description of voice guidance>
FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of voice guidance. In FIG. 22, when the power switch 6 is set as described above, this program is activated, and it is determined in step S20 whether or not the voice generation mode is set. If it is determined that the sound generation mode is not set, the process returns in step S21 and the following processing is terminated.

  In step S20, it is determined that the voice generation mode is set. Proceeding to step S22, the use item is determined. Subsequently, the process proceeds to step S23, and an “address” corresponding to each use item shown in FIG. 24 is accessed. Each use item and sound are stored in the sound module 203. In step S24, “audio No.” is read from the audio generation module 203. Subsequently, in step S25, “audio content” corresponding to the “audio No.” is output to the speaker 23, and the process is terminated. Note that each of the above audio contents is only an example, and needless to say, it is set as appropriate according to the specifications of the apparatus.

  Next, FIG. 23 is an operation explanation flowchart showing another operation of the voice guidance, which is processed after or simultaneously with the process of the operation explanation flowchart of FIG.

  In FIG. 23, it is determined in step S30 whether the internal battery is driven, and if it is determined that the internal battery is not driven, the process returns in step S31 and the following processing is terminated. If it is determined in step S30 that the internal battery is driven, the process proceeds to step S32, where the set flow rates 1L to 3L are read, and the set set flow rate value is temporarily stored in the temporary storage unit 205.

  Subsequently, in step S33, it is determined whether or not the breathing synchronization mode is set. If it is determined that the breathing synchronization mode is not set, the process returns in step S31 and the following processing is terminated.

  If it is determined in step S33 that the breathing synchronization mode is selected, the remaining battery level is detected from the voltage or the like in step S34, and the remaining battery level detection value is temporarily stored in the temporary storage unit 205. In step S35, the remaining usable time is calculated from the set flow rate value stored in the temporary storage unit 205 and the remaining battery level detection value. In step S36, “sound generation of usable remaining time” is output to the speaker 23, and the process is terminated.

  FIG. 24 is a voice guidance list. In this figure, the voice name is indicated as “voice No.”, and the address and the voice content corresponding to this are stored in the voice module as shown.

  Specifically, the voice 1 corresponds to “device stop” and generates a message “Please contact the emergency contact after turning off the power”. Voice 2 corresponds to “Power outage alarm” and generates a message “Pe power is gone. Please connect the AC adapter”. Audio 3 corresponds to “Tube breakage connected to the cannula” and generates a message “Pe flow rate is low. Check for breakage of the cannula and tube”. Voice 4 corresponds to “Oxygen concentration alarm” and generates a message “Peer oxygen concentration has decreased”. The voice 5 corresponds to “Peep / Startup” and is pronounced “Peep once, 1 kHz, 2 seconds”. The voice 6 corresponds to “key confirmation” and is pronounced with “pe once, 1 KHZ 0.2 seconds”. The voice 8 corresponds to “AC power supply switching” and generates a message “P. AC adapter connected”. Audio 9 corresponds to “internal battery switching” and generates a message “operating with PB battery”. The voice 10 corresponds to “external battery switching” and generates a message “operating with an external battery”. The voice 11 corresponds to “external battery end” and generates a message “Peer external battery is exhausted”. The voice 12 corresponds to “the battery level is low” and generates a message “Pe battery level is low, please connect the AC adapter”. The voice 13 corresponds to the “apnea alarm” and generates a message “Pe breath cannot be detected, please check the cannula”. The voice 14 corresponds to “tuning mode switching” and generates a message “switching to tuning mode”. The voice 15 corresponds to “cancel tuning mode” and generates a message “cancel tuning mode”. Voice 16 corresponds to “flow rate setting input” and generates a message that “oxygen flow rate is set. Voice 17 corresponds to“ flow rate setting 0.25 L ”and“ oxygen flow is 0.25 L. Is generated. A message corresponding to the flow rate setting is generated below. Then, when a person other than the patient operates, a message “Pe test mode” is generated in the voice 27 corresponding to the “test mode”.

  Here, consideration is given to easy listening even for elderly people by setting the voice generation frequency of the voice content to about 1 KHz. As described above, it is possible to realize an oxygen concentrator with a voice guide that can prevent the occurrence of the worst situation in which the built-in battery runs out. A voice guide switch for arbitrarily setting on / off of the voice guide means is provided below the external connector of the shielding plate 32 so that it cannot be easily set except for the patient.

<Description of operation and actual operation history>
FIG. 25 is a storage table of operation and actual operation history. FIG. 26A is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the patient use history, and FIG. 26B is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the maintenance side history.

  As described with reference to FIG. 7, the central control unit 200 is connected to the real-time clock 207 and is provided so that it can be read when the power is turned on in order to measure the use start date and time and the use time of the oxygen concentrator 1. Yes.

  On the other hand, in the erasable storage unit 205 or the external storage unit 210, as shown in FIG. 25, an operation history storage unit that stores the operation state at the time of inhaling oxygen together with timekeeping, and the operation state of the oxygen concentrator together with timekeeping are stored. And an operation history storage unit to be assigned. Specifically, the operation history storage unit individually stores the use start date and time, the use stop date and time, the total operation time, the set flow rate, and the used power source. The operation history storage unit stores the total operation time of the compressor, the number of cycles of the suction cylinder, and the number of operations of each valve, which are actual operation histories.

  In the above configuration, when the patient's operation is started in the operation explanation flowchart of FIG. 26A, when the power switch on is detected in step S40, the process proceeds to step S41, and the real timer 207 is turned on to measure the time. Do. Next, in step S42, each operation is read, and the process proceeds to step S43, where each operation history is stored and the process ends.

  In the operation explanation flowchart of the maintenance side operation in FIG. 26B, the power switch is turned on in step S50, and a notebook personal computer or the like is connected to the 4P connector 133 in step S51, or the external memory medium is set in the external storage unit 210. . Subsequently, in step S52, the stored contents are read from each memory to display the read contents on the display unit of the notebook computer. Since the stored contents of the operation history storage unit can be viewed as described above, the central control unit 200 performs a fault self-diagnosis in step S53. If no failure is found, the process proceeds to step S54 where, for example, it is determined whether or not it is an overhaul time when the accumulated operation time of the compressor 105 exceeds 15000 hours. Proceed to, and finish by notifying the overhaul from the above voice guide or the like.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S54 that the accumulated operation time of the compressor 105 does not exceed a predetermined time, for example, 15000 hours (for example, the standard rotation speed is 2000 rpm), the process proceeds to step S55 and the time correction of the real time clock is performed. To finish. The above is the operation on the maintenance side, but in some cases, the above processing may be performed from a remote place by connecting a communication line to the 4P connector 133. Alternatively, an external memory medium may be mailed and the stored contents read out for failure diagnosis and determination of overhaul time. The predetermined time is calculated as follows.

  For example, the coefficient (deterioration coefficient) when the compressor 105 is actually operated at a standard rotational speed of 2000 rpm is 1.0, and the coefficient (deterioration coefficient) when the compressor 105 is actually operated exceeding the rotational speed of 2000 rpm is 1.6. A coefficient (deterioration coefficient) in actual operation at a rotational speed of less than 2000 rpm is set to 0.8. That is, when the actual operation exceeds the rotation speed of 2000 rpm, the operation time is considered to be 1.6 times as long as the actual operation at the standard rotation speed of 2000 rpm. Further, when the actual operation is performed at a rotational speed of less than 2000 rpm, it is considered that the operation time is 0.8 times that when the actual operation is performed at the standard rotational speed of 2000 rpm. These coefficients may be set and stored for each finer number of revolutions, for example, every 500 revolutions. Further, the standard rotational speed may be set to a predetermined width.

  As described above, the operation history storage unit and the operation history storage unit can be individually accessed, thereby making it possible to appropriately determine the time of failure diagnosis and overhaul.

<Description of wireless or wired remote control device>
Next, making the oxygen concentrator operable from a remote location is an essential configuration, particularly for sleeping patients or critically ill patients.

  Therefore, FIG. 27A is an external perspective view of the wired remote controller, and FIG. 27B is provided with the remote controller illustrated in the external perspective view of the wireless remote controller. In FIG. 27, the same reference numerals are given to the components or parts already described, and the description is omitted. In FIG. 27A, the remote controller 600 is connected to the wiring 601 fixed to the tube 15, the power on / off switch 6, and An oxygen supply amount setting switch 8 is provided and is wired.

  The wiring 601 is connected via a connector 602 fixed to the operation panel 5.

  According to the above configuration, the patient can operate the remote controller 600 with the nasal cannula 14 set.

  In FIG. 27B, the remote control device 610 is an infrared wireless type, and includes an infrared oscillator 611 and a dry battery 613, and is connected to an infrared receiver 612 fixed to the handle 4 of the oxygen concentrator 1. The switches 6 and 8 are configured to transmit signals.

  By preparing the remote control device as an option or accessory as described above, the patient can turn on / off the power, change the set flow rate, turn on / off the tuning mode, etc. from a remote location. Can be used.

<Description of Respiratory Synchronous Proportional Opening Valve 115>
FIG. 28A is a piping diagram of the pressure regulator 112, and FIG. 28B is a schematic diagram of the proportional opening valve 115. FIG.

  First, in FIG. 28A, the pressure regulator 112 plays a role in the product tank 111, where the pressure fluctuates in synchronization with the suction cylinder pressure. For this reason, the pressure regulator 112 functions to have a constant pressure. Here, the pressure is adjusted to a predetermined pressure, which is about 20 kPa in this embodiment. The pressure regulator 112 has a filter function and a filter 112b as shown.

  Further, the filter 112b having a hole diameter (average hole diameter) of 100 microns (micrometer) or less is used as a demand valve used when detecting the intake of components after the pressure regulator 112 (downstream side). The purpose is to protect the built-in micro-pressure sensor.

  As described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. 7, the oxygen concentration sensor 114 that detects the oxygen concentration is connected to the downstream side of the pressure regulator 112 via the pipe 24. Further, as shown in FIG. 28 (b), a proportional opening valve 115 that is driven to open and close is connected so that the opening (throttle) is variable. The proportional opening valve 115 is connected to the flow rate control board 202 and is configured to be opened and closed by changing the opening degree in proportion to the oxygen supply amount set by the oxygen flow rate setting means. Specifically, it is specially designed so that the amount of oxygen supply can be controlled linearly by simply increasing the valve opening of the solenoid valve that performs the opening / closing operation in proportion to the drive voltage value.

  Further, as described in FIG. 7, an oxygen flow rate sensor that detects the oxygen flow rate by piping to the downstream side of the proportional opening valve 115 and a downstream side of the oxygen flow rate sensor 116. In this way, the demand valve 117 for sending out oxygen in accordance with the inhalation state, the sterilization filter 119 piped downstream of the demand valve 117, and the nasal cannula 14 used when performing oxygen suction are connected to the oxygen suction. Tools are provided.

  The demand valve 117 is further connected to a fine pressure sensor that detects the negative pressure during breathing and detects the timing of sending oxygen to the user, and is controlled by the flow control board 118.

  In the above-described configuration, in the flowchart for explaining the operation of the proportional opening valve 115 in the respiratory synchronization of FIG. 29, when the set flow rate is input and the tuning mode is set in step S60 after the oxygen concentrator 1 is turned on, the process proceeds to step S61. Maintain the opening according to the set flow rate. In step 62, the negative pressure of the inspiratory exhalation is detected by the fine pressure sensor connected to the demand valve 117. Following this, in step S63, the demand valve is operated to release oxygen. Following this, the actual flow rate is detected by the flow rate sensor 116 in step S64. In step 65, the actual flow rate in step 64 is compared with the set flow rate, and the opening degree of the proportional valve 115 is adjusted. If the opening degree is corrected in step 65, it is fed back to the opening degree in step 61 and the set flow rate is always compared with the actual flow rate.

    30A shows the relationship between the actual supply amount G1 and the integrated flow rate G2 by the fixed valve and the opening G3 of the fixed valve. FIG. 30B shows the actual supply amount H1 and the integrated flow rate H2 by the proportional opening valve 115. It is the comparison table which illustrated the relationship with the opening degree H3 of a proportional opening valve for the comparison.

  According to the fixed valve, the opening degree is controlled to the integrated flow rate G2 indicated by the solid line and the broken line according to the on time by varying the ON time as shown by the solid line and the broken line at G3. For this reason, since the actual supply oxygen amount G1 is as shown by the solid line and the broken line, a delay occurs. For this reason, it is difficult to improve the accuracy in real time when oxygen is inhaled by breathing synchronization.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 30 (b), according to the proportional opening valve 115, the opening can be varied within the same on-time within the range shown by the solid line, the broken line, and the two-dot chain line at H3. The integrated flow rate H2 can be arbitrarily controlled in a range indicated by a solid line, a broken line, and a two-dot chain line in proportion to the opening degree. Therefore, the actual supply oxygen amount H1 can be controlled in real time as shown by the solid line, the broken line, and the two-dot chain line. For this reason, when performing oxygen inhalation by breathing synchronization, the accuracy in real time can be improved.

  The above battery has a lithium-ion laminated structure, and includes a secondary battery with an output voltage of 21.0 to 29.0 V, and its weight is about 1.5 kg. The 94% concentrated oxygen flow rate allows operation up to 3 hours at a maximum of 2 L / min. In addition to this lithium ion battery, other portable energy sources can be used. For example, a rechargeable or replaceable fuel cell can be used. This system is supplied with power from an internal battery and an external battery as secondary batteries, but may be driven by a large number of batteries.

  In addition, since the patient always has an additional freshly charged external battery, the patient can go out for a longer time and the QOL at that time is greatly improved. Moreover, you may provide the humidification means (not shown) for adding moisture to the flow of concentrated oxygen through a suitable connection part.

  The above respiration-synchronized control is a recharge-synchronized control in which respiration-synchronized control is performed so that the patient can use the concentrated oxygen more efficiently when the entire oxygen concentrator 1 is driven. Is to do. During normal breathing, the patient spends about 1/3 of the inspiration / expiration cycle time on inspiration and the remaining 2/3 on exhalation. The enriched oxygen produced during exhaled breath is unnecessary for the patient. As a result, it can be said that the additional battery power that efficiently provides this excess concentrated oxygen flow is wasted. Thus, if the concentrated oxygen generated during exhalation exhalation is supplied at the time of inhalation, if the inspiration / expiration cycle is 1 (inspiration inhalation): 2 (expiration exhalation) It is possible to supply up to three times the flow rate during intake and inhalation. Thus, performing respiratory synchronization control has the advantage that the device can be reduced in size and power consumption can be reduced.

  Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to an oxygen inhaler configured to inhale oxygen from an oxygen cylinder.

  The oxygen concentrator 1 is equipped with an oxygen sensor 114 as standard. In addition, various sensors such as an acceleration sensor, a GPS (global position sensor), a shock sensor, a pulse sensor, a blood pressure sensor, a blood oxygen saturation sensor, and the like can be attached as options. Here, a galvanic cell type, an ultrasonic type, a zirconia type or the like can be used as the oxygen sensor, but a zirconia type oxygen sensor is preferable from the viewpoint of size and measurement accuracy.

These are the external appearance perspective views which looked at the oxygen concentrator 1 which is one Embodiment of this invention from the diagonally upper left of the front side. FIG. 2 is a rear view of the oxygen concentrator 1 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of an extension tube set of a nasal cannula. These are the entity diagrams of the operation panel 5 of the oxygen concentrator 1 of FIG. (a) is an operation explanatory view of the battery remaining amount display portion 128d of the operation panel 5 in FIG. 4, (b) is an operation explanatory view of the alarm display portion 128c of the operation panel 5 in FIG. 4, and (c) is It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the oxygen concentration lamp | ramp 128b of the operation panel 5 of FIG. (a) is an external perspective view showing how the outside air introduction filter 20 is detachable from the back cover 3 of the oxygen concentrator 1, and (b) is a state where the outside air introduction filter 20 is further removed from the replacement lid 17. FIG. 6C is an external perspective view showing the cross-sectional view, and FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram that also serves as a piping diagram of the apparatus 1. These are operation | movement description flowcharts of a power supply selection. FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional exploded view showing the internal configuration of the oxygen concentrator 1. These are the three-dimensional exploded views seen from the bottom side in order to show bottom cover 41 and base body 40 of oxygen concentrator 1. These are external appearance perspective views which show the process of fixing the front and back covers 2 and 3 with respect to the internal structure after the assembly of the oxygen concentrator 1. These are side views which show the process of fixing the front and back covers 2 and 3 with respect to the internal structure of the oxygen concentration apparatus 1 after an assembly. These are the external appearance perspective views which fractured | ruptured and showed, in order to show the internal structure of the two-stage type soundproof room 34. FIG. These are the side views which showed the support mechanism of the compressor 105 and a ventilation fan. These are the schematic cross sections which showed a mode that the external air introduction | transduction air introduce | transduced in a cover, the raw material air supplied to the compressor 105, and exhaust air flow. (a)-(c) is a piping diagram for operation | movement description of a 3-way valve, a vacuum breaker 1st valve, and a vacuum breaker 2nd valve in the case of setting flow volume 1.5L or more. (d)-(f) is a piping diagram for operation | movement description of a 3-way valve, a vacuum breaker 1st valve, and a vacuum breaker 2nd valve in the case of setting flow volume 1L or less. (a) is a figure which shows the control sequence of FIG. 16, (b) is a figure which shows the control sequence of FIG. FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of exhaust pressure fluctuations. (a) is a cross-sectional view of the compressor motor, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of (a). (a) is a motor drive circuit diagram, (b) is a motor drive waveform diagram. These are flowcharts for explaining the operation of voice guidance. These are flowcharts for explaining the operation of voice guidance. Is a voice guidance list. Is a storage table of operation and actual operation history. (a) is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the patient use history, and (b) is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the maintenance side history. (a) is an external perspective view of a wired remote controller, and (b) is an external perspective view of a wireless remote controller. (a) is a piping diagram of the pressure regulator (regulator), and (b) is a schematic diagram of the proportional opening valve 115. These are operation | movement explanatory flowcharts of the proportional opening valve 115 at the time of breathing synchronization. These are comparison figures of the integrated flow rate and the actual supply amount obtained by the proportional opening valve (b) and the fixed valve (a) synchronized with breathing.

Explanation of symbols

1 Oxygen concentrator,
2 Front cover (sealed container, resin)
3 Back cover (sealed container, resin)
4 Handle (made of resin)
5 Operation panel 6 Power switch (plastic)
7 Oxygen outlet (made of resin)
8 Oxygen flow setting button (8a, 8b)
10 carriers (10a, 10b, 10c)
11 Caster 12 Fixing screw 13 Coupler (Resin)
14 Nose cannula (made of resin)
15 Tube (made of resin)
17 Filter replacement lid (made of resin)
16 Screw 19 AC cable 20 Outside air introduction filter 21 Cord hook 22 Rubber foot 23 Speaker 24 Piping 30 Relay coupler (made of resin)
31 Extension tube (made of resin)
32 Shield plate (molded product)
33 Piping (Resin)
34 Two-stage soundproof room 35 Sealed box
35a Side opening 35b Bottom opening 36 Upper member (aluminum, soundproofing material)
37 Lower part (aluminum, soundproofing material)
38 Front cover member (aluminum, soundproof material)
39 Back cover member (aluminum, soundproof material)
40 Base body (made of resin)
40f Mounting rib 40b Opening 40c Exhaust opening 41 Bottom cover (made of resin)
48 Positioning collar 49 Band 50 Positioning rib 51 Soundproof sponge (vibration prevention composite material)
56 Motor shaft 57, 58 Connecting rod 59, 60 Piston 61 Compressor fixing base (aluminum)
62 Compression coil spring (made of spring steel)
63 Anti-vibration rubber 101 Intake filter 102 Intake buffer tank 104 Cooling fan 105 Compressor (air compression unit 105a, negative pressure unit 105b)
108a, 108b Adsorption cylinder (made of aluminum)
109a, 109b Three-way selector valve 110 Silencer 111 Product tank 112 Pressure regulator 114 Oxygen sensor 115 Proportional opening valve 116 Flow sensor 117 Demand valve 118 Demand substrate 119 Sterilization filter 120 Negative pressure destruction first valve 121 Negative pressure destruction second valve 200 Central control unit (CPU board)
201 Motor controller (motor driver board)
202 Flow control unit 203 Voice generation unit (voice module board)
204 Display unit 205 Non-volatile memory 206 RAM
207 Real-time clock 208 Pressure sensor 226 Power supply control device 227 External battery 228 Built-in battery D Depth dimension W Width dimension H Height dimension V Vibration direction Fn Flow direction of outside air introduction air, raw material air, and exhaust air

Claims (4)

A compressor in which the compression means and the decompression means are configured integrally;
  By supplying the compressed air generated by compressing the raw material air by the compression means to the first adsorption cylinder containing the catalyst, the nitrogen contained in the compressed air is adsorbed to the catalyst, and oxygen is absorbed. A purification state for purifying a catalyst built in the first adsorption cylinder by depressurizing the first flow path for forming the production state to be produced and the inside of the first adsorption cylinder by the decompression means. First switching means for switching between, a second flow path capable of forming
  By supplying the compressed air generated by compressing the raw material air by the compression means to the second adsorption cylinder containing the catalyst, the nitrogen contained in the compressed air is adsorbed to the catalyst, and oxygen is absorbed. A purification state for purifying a catalyst built in the second adsorption cylinder by depressurizing the third flow path for forming the production state to be produced and the inside of the second adsorption cylinder by the decompression means. A second switching means for switching between, and a fourth flow path capable of forming
  Two negative pressure release valves provided in series between the first and second switching means and the pressure reducing means,
  When the first adsorption cylinder is switched to the first flow path by the first switching means, the second switching means switches to the fourth flow path. When the second adsorption cylinder is in the generation state by being switched to the third flow path by the second switching means, the first switching means is Is controlled to switch to
  The pressure equalization process from when the first adsorption cylinder ends the generation state and shifts to the purification state until the second adsorption cylinder shifts to the generation state, and the second adsorption cylinder generates Close to the pressure reducing means of the two negative pressure release valves in the pressure equalization process from the end of the state to the purification state to the transition of the first adsorption cylinder to the generation state The oxygen concentrating device, wherein the negative pressure breaking valve provided on the side is controlled so as to be opened when the flow rate of oxygen to be supplied is set to a predetermined flow rate or less. The compressor includes a DC brushless motor,
The DC brushless motor fixes a polarization-magnetized permanent magnet and is supported on a rotating shaft, a stator fixed near the rotor and generating a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field applied to the stator. An energization unit that conducts energization to be generated,
2. The oxygen concentrator according to claim 1 , wherein the compressor further includes drive waveform generation means for converting a rectangular drive waveform for generating the rotating magnetic field into a sine drive wave. The compressor includes a pair of horizontally opposed pistons and a pair of cylinder chambers that perform a crank motion around a crankshaft fixed to the output shaft of the DC brushless motor,
The oxygen concentrator according to claim 2 , wherein the compression means is constituted by one piston and a cylinder chamber, and the decompression means is constituted by the other piston and a cylinder chamber. The rotor is an outer rotor to which a polarization-polarized cylindrical permanent magnet is fixed. The stator is disposed in the outer rotor, and the energizing portion is configured to prevent a change in polarity of the cylindrical permanent magnet. The oxygen concentrator according to claim 2 or 3 , further comprising a Hall element that detects the contact and conducts the energization.

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