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JP5085767B2 - Method for manufacturing optical imaging apparatus - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing optical imaging apparatus Download PDF

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JP5085767B2
JP5085767B2 JP2011122306A JP2011122306A JP5085767B2 JP 5085767 B2 JP5085767 B2 JP 5085767B2 JP 2011122306 A JP2011122306 A JP 2011122306A JP 2011122306 A JP2011122306 A JP 2011122306A JP 5085767 B2 JP5085767 B2 JP 5085767B2
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JP2011175297A (en
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智彦 藤島
誠 大坪
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Asukanet Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G02B30/35—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
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  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)

Description

本発明は、空中に立体像を形成する光学結像装置の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an optical imaging equipment for forming a three-dimensional image in space.

物体表面から発する光（散乱光）を用いて立体像を形成する光学結像装置として、多数の微小透光部を備えた不透光パネルと、この不透光パネルの背部に配置されて微小透光部に対応する多数の小画像が表示された画像表示パネルとを有する立体像表示装置が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１、２参照）。また、レンズ等の光学手段を使用しない立体像表示装置として、幅が数ミクロンから数十ミクロンの複数本の両面反射帯を隣接する反射面が互いに向かい合うように並べて構成した結像素子が提案されている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。 As an optical imaging device that forms a three-dimensional image using light (scattered light) emitted from the object surface, an opaque panel provided with a large number of minutely transparent parts, and a minutely placed on the back of the opaque panel There has been proposed a stereoscopic image display device having an image display panel on which a large number of small images corresponding to a light transmitting portion are displayed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In addition, as a stereoscopic image display device that does not use optical means such as lenses, there has been proposed an imaging element in which a plurality of double-sided reflection bands having a width of several microns to several tens of microns are arranged so that adjacent reflection surfaces face each other. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).

また、特許文献４には、相互に直交する２つの鏡面要素を備えた単位光学素子を複数平面上に形成した反射型面対称結像素子からなる光線屈曲面と、この光線屈曲面に向けて配置された鏡面とを具備し、光線屈曲面を挟んで、鏡面とは反対側にある観察側に配置した像を、被投影物から発せられる光が光線屈曲面を透過して鏡面に反射し、更に光線屈曲面を透過することによって、鏡面の光線屈曲面に対する面対称位置に移動させた実態のない仮想鏡に映した位置に結像させる光学システムが提案されている。 Patent Document 4 discloses a light-bending surface composed of a reflection-type plane-symmetric imaging element in which unit optical elements having two mirror elements perpendicular to each other are formed on a plurality of planes, and toward the light-bending surface. An image arranged on the observation side opposite to the mirror surface across the light beam bending surface is transmitted through the light beam bending surface and reflected by the mirror surface. Furthermore, an optical system has been proposed in which an image is formed at a position reflected on a virtual mirror that does not actually exist by being transmitted through a light-bending surface and moved to a plane-symmetrical position with respect to the light-bending surface of the mirror surface.

特開平７−５６１１２号公報JP 7-56112 A 特開平６−１６０７７０号公報JP-A-6-160770 特開昭５８−２１７０２号公報JP 58-21702 A 特開２００８−１５８１１４号公報JP 2008-158114 A

しかしながら、特許文献１、２の発明には、予め多数の小画像を記録しておく必要があり、光学像を結像させるために多大の労力を必要とすると共に、特に動いている対象物の光学像を処理する場合には膨大な情報量を必要とするため、データ処理が困難になるという問題がある。また、特許文献３の発明には、物体からの散乱光は、結像素子を通過した後は、必ずしも一点には収束しないという問題がある。
また、特許文献４記載の光学システムにおいては、反射型面対称結像素子からなる光線屈曲面の製造が極めて難しく、実用化に障害があった。 However, in the inventions of Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to record a large number of small images in advance, and a great deal of labor is required to form an optical image. When an optical image is processed, an enormous amount of information is required, and there is a problem that data processing becomes difficult. Further, the invention of Patent Document 3 has a problem that scattered light from an object does not necessarily converge to one point after passing through the imaging element.
In addition, in the optical system described in Patent Document 4, it is extremely difficult to manufacture a light-bending surface composed of a reflection-type plane-symmetric imaging element, which hinders practical use.

本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、比較的製造が容易で、物体を見る観察者側の空中に立体像を簡便に形成することが可能な光学結像装置の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, a relatively manufacture easily, provide a convenient form production method of optical imaging equipment capable of a stereoscopic image in space of the viewer-side viewing objects The purpose is to do.

前記目的に沿う第１の発明に係る光学結像装置の製造方法は、透明平板の内部に、該透明平板の一方側の面に垂直に多数かつ帯状の平面光反射部を一定のピッチで並べて形成した２枚の（即ち、第１及び第２の）光制御パネルを用い、該光制御パネルのそれぞれの一面側を、それぞれの前記光制御パネルの前記平面光反射部を直交させて向かい合わせ、立体像を形成する光学結像装置に使用する前記光制御パネルの製造方法であって、
金属反射面が一面に形成された一定厚みの透明合成樹脂板又はガラス板を、前記金属反射面が一方側に配置されるようにして、多数枚積層して積層体を作製する工程と、
前記積層体を前記金属反射面に対して垂直な切り出し面が形成されるように切り出す工程と、
以上の工程によって製造された２枚の前記光制御パネルの一面側を、それぞれの前記光制御パネルの前記平面光反射部を直交させて、向かい合わせる工程とを有する。
なお、第１及び第２の光制御パネルの一面側は向かい合わせて平行に配置するのがよい。この場合、第１の光制御パネルの細長長方形（短冊状）の平面光反射部と、第２の光制御パネルの細長長方形の平面光反射部とは、長手方向が直交する。かつ第１の光制御パネルの平面光反射部と第２の光制御パネルの平面光反射部も直交面を形成する。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an optical imaging device comprising: a plurality of strip-shaped planar light reflecting portions arranged at a constant pitch in a transparent flat plate and perpendicular to one surface of the transparent flat plate. Using the two formed light control panels (that is, the first and second light control panels), the one side of each of the light control panels faces each other with the planar light reflecting portions of the respective light control panels orthogonal to each other. , A method of manufacturing the light control panel used in an optical imaging device for forming a stereoscopic image,
A step of producing a laminate by laminating a large number of transparent synthetic resin plates or glass plates having a constant thickness with a metal reflection surface formed on one side so that the metal reflection surface is arranged on one side;
Cutting the laminate so that a cut surface perpendicular to the metal reflecting surface is formed;
And having one surface of the two light control panels manufactured by the above steps face each other with the planar light reflecting portions of the respective light control panels orthogonal to each other.
It should be noted that one surface side of the first and second light control panels is preferably arranged to face each other in parallel. In this case, the elongated rectangular (strip-shaped) planar light reflecting portion of the first light control panel and the elongated rectangular planar light reflecting portion of the second light control panel are orthogonal to each other in the longitudinal direction. In addition, the planar light reflecting portion of the first light control panel and the planar light reflecting portion of the second light control panel also form orthogonal surfaces.

第１の発明に係る光学結像装置の製造方法において、前記第１及び第２の光制御パネルの前記平面光反射部は、金属反射面（例えば、銀又はアルミニウム等の薄板、メッキ層、蒸着層等）であることが好ましい。また、前記平面光反射部は、両面反射板であってもよい。 In the method of manufacturing an optical imaging device according to the first invention, the planar light reflecting portion of the first and second light control panels is a metal reflecting surface (for example, a thin plate of silver or aluminum, a plating layer, vapor deposition) Layer) and the like. Further, the planar light reflecting portion may be a double-sided reflecting plate.

また、前記第１及び第２の光制御パネルは、該第１及び第２の光制御パネルの平面光反射部を直交させた状態で、密着又は一定のギャップを介して配置することができる。ここで、一定のギャップとは、例えば、隣り合う平面光反射部の間隔の０．５〜４倍程度が好ましいが、本発明はこの数値に限定されるものではない。なお、第１、第２の光制御パネルの平面光反射部のピッチを細かくして、平面光反射部の数を多くする程、鮮明な画像が得られる。 In addition, the first and second light control panels can be arranged in close contact with each other with a fixed gap in a state where the planar light reflecting portions of the first and second light control panels are orthogonal to each other. Here, for example, the fixed gap is preferably about 0.5 to 4 times the interval between adjacent planar light reflecting portions, but the present invention is not limited to this value. In addition, a clear image is acquired, so that the pitch of the planar light reflection part of the 1st, 2nd light control panel is made fine and the number of planar light reflection parts is increased.

この方法によって製造された光学結像装置においては、透明平板の内部に、一方側の面に垂直に多数かつ帯状の平面光反射部を一定のピッチで並べて形成した第１及び第２の光制御パネルのそれぞれの一面側を、それぞれの平面光反射部を直交させて向かい合わせているので、この光学結像装置の一側に配置された物体から放射される光は、光学結像装置の他側に収束して結像する。
更に、この光学結像装置は、透明平板の内部に、一方側の面に垂直に多数かつ帯状の平面光反射部を一定のピッチで並べて形成した光制御パネルを２枚用いており、各光制御パネルの製造は容易であるので、安価に製造が可能である。 In the optical imaging apparatus manufactured by this method, the first and second light controls are formed by arranging a large number of strip-shaped planar light reflecting portions arranged at a constant pitch inside the transparent flat plate and perpendicular to the surface on one side. Since one surface of each panel faces each other with the respective plane light reflecting portions orthogonal to each other, light emitted from an object arranged on one side of this optical imaging device Converge to the side and form an image.
Further, this optical imaging apparatus uses two light control panels formed by arranging a large number of strip-shaped planar light reflecting portions arranged at a constant pitch perpendicularly to the surface on one side inside a transparent flat plate. Since the control panel is easy to manufacture, it can be manufactured inexpensively.

（Ａ）は本発明の参考例に係る光学結像装置の平面図、（Ｂ）はＦ−Ｆ断面図、（Ｃ）はＧ−Ｇ断面図である。(A) is a plan view of an optical imaging apparatus according to a reference example of the present invention, (B) is an FF sectional view, and (C) is a GG sectional view. 同光学結像装置の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the same optical imaging device. 同光学結像装置の各光制御パネルの平面光反射部で反射して得られた反射光による物体像形成の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of object image formation by the reflected light obtained by reflecting with the planar light reflection part of each light control panel of the optical imaging device. 本発明の実施例に係る方法で製造された光学結像装置の平面図である。It is a top view of the optical imaging device manufactured by the method concerning the example of the present invention. 同光学結像装置の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the same optical imaging device. 同光学結像装置の各光制御パネルの平面光反射部で連続して反射して得られた反射光による物体像形成の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the object image formation by the reflected light obtained by continuously reflecting with the planar light reflection part of each light control panel of the optical imaging device. 本発明の他の参考例に係る光学結像装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the optical imaging apparatus which concerns on the other reference example of this invention.

続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明を具体化した実施例につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。 Subsequently, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.

図１、図２に示すように、本発明の参考例に係る光学結像装置１０は、透明平板の一例であり、厚みが０．５〜１０ｍｍの２枚の透明合成樹脂板（例えば、アクリル樹脂板）の内部に、各透明合成樹脂板の一方側の面に垂直に多数かつ帯状の平面光反射部１１、１２を一定のピッチ（例えば、０．１〜１ｍｍ）で並べて形成した第１の光制御パネルＡ（以下、単に「光制御パネルＡ」という）及び第２の光制御パネルＢ（以下、単に「光制御パネルＢ」という）を用い、光制御パネルＡ、Ｂのそれぞれの一面側を、平面光反射部１１、１２を直交させて向かい合わせて密着させている。以下詳細に説明する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an optical imaging apparatus 10 according to a reference example of the present invention is an example of a transparent flat plate, and two transparent synthetic resin plates (for example, acrylic resin) having a thickness of 0.5 to 10 mm. A plurality of strip-shaped planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 arranged at a constant pitch (for example, 0.1 to 1 mm) perpendicularly to one surface of each transparent synthetic resin plate. The light control panel A (hereinafter simply referred to as “light control panel A”) and the second light control panel B (hereinafter simply referred to as “light control panel B”) are used. The flat light reflecting portions 11 and 12 are orthogonal to each other and are in close contact with each other. This will be described in detail below.

光制御パネルＡ、Ｂには、それぞれ透明合成樹脂板の一方側の面から厚み方向に伸びる垂直面を有する断面直角三角形の溝１３、１４が、平面光反射部１１、１２のピッチと同一の所定ピッチで形成されている。なお、溝１３、１４の垂直面が、光制御パネルＡ、Ｂ内に斜めに入射する光を反射する平面光反射部１１、１２となっている。溝１３間及び溝１４間にはそれぞれ、平面光反射部１１、１２から反射された反射光を通過させる光通過面を構成する光透過部１５、１６が形成されている。なお、溝１３、１４の垂直面は金属（例えば、銀）めっき層又は金属蒸着層（金属反射面を構成する）が形成されていてもよい。 In the light control panels A and B, grooves 13 and 14 having a right-angled triangular cross section each having a vertical surface extending in the thickness direction from one surface of the transparent synthetic resin plate are the same as the pitch of the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12. It is formed at a predetermined pitch. Note that the vertical surfaces of the grooves 13 and 14 are planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 that reflect light incident obliquely into the light control panels A and B, respectively. Between the grooves 13 and 14, light transmitting portions 15 and 16 constituting light passing surfaces through which the reflected light reflected from the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 pass are formed. The vertical surfaces of the grooves 13 and 14 may be formed with a metal (for example, silver) plating layer or a metal vapor deposition layer (which constitutes a metal reflection surface).

光制御パネルＡ、Ｂは、金型を用いるプレス成形によって製造することも可能であるが、所定形状の金型内に透明合成樹脂を注入し固化することで製造するのが好ましい。溝１３、１４は、予め金型にその基形状が形成されていて、光制御パネルＡ、Ｂの製造時に、この光制御パネルＡ、Ｂの一方側の面に形成される。溝１３、１４の斜面１９、２０を形成する金型部分の表面に、例えば、３〜５０μｍの凹凸部を形成するショットブラスト処理又は梨地処理することにより、溝１３、１４の斜面１９、２０には金型の凹凸部が転写された凸凹部が形成されて散乱光処理が施される。
なお、この参考例において、光制御パネルＡの平面光反射部１１の端部と、光制御パネルＢの平面光反射部１２の端部とは当接させて配置した。 The light control panels A and B can be manufactured by press molding using a mold, but are preferably manufactured by injecting a transparent synthetic resin into a mold having a predetermined shape and solidifying it. The grooves 13 and 14 have a base shape formed in advance in the mold, and are formed on one surface of the light control panels A and B when the light control panels A and B are manufactured. The surface of the mold part forming the slopes 19 and 20 of the grooves 13 and 14 is subjected to, for example, a shot blasting process or a satin treatment for forming an uneven portion of 3 to 50 μm, thereby forming the slopes 19 and 20 of the grooves 13 and 14. Is formed with convex and concave portions to which the concave and convex portions of the mold are transferred and subjected to the scattered light treatment.
In this reference example, the end of the planar light reflecting portion 11 of the light control panel A and the end of the planar light reflecting portion 12 of the light control panel B are disposed in contact with each other.

ここで、図２に示すように、平面光反射部１１、１２の幅ｗは、平面光反射部１１、１２（溝１３、１４）のピッチｐに対して、例えば、０．５ｐ以上３ｐ以下（好ましくは０．９ｐ〜１．１ｐ、より好ましくはｐ）としている。平面光反射部１１、１２の幅が３ｐを超えると、平面光反射部１１、１２で反射した光が斜面１９、２０で散乱され散乱光の一部が再び平面光反射部１１、１２で反射することが繰返され鮮明な像が得られない。一方、平面光反射部１１、１２の幅が０．５ｐ未満の場合、平面光反射部１１、１２で反射される光が少なくなって鮮明な像が得られない。 Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the width w of the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 is, for example, 0.5 p or more and 3 p or less with respect to the pitch p of the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 (grooves 13 and 14). (Preferably 0.9p to 1.1p, more preferably p). When the width of the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 exceeds 3p, the light reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 is scattered by the slopes 19 and 20, and a part of the scattered light is reflected again by the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12. Repeatedly, a clear image cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the width of the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 is less than 0.5p, the light reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 is reduced and a clear image cannot be obtained.

続いて、この光学結像装置１０について、図１〜図３を参照してその作用及び動作について説明する。なお、図３では、光学結像装置１０の光制御パネルＡ、Ｂにおいて光の反射状態を明確に示すため、側面視して、物体Ｍ及び物体像Ｍ´に対して左側の光制御パネルと右側の光制御パネルでは、左側の光制御パネルＡ、Ｂに対して右側の光制御パネルＡ、Ｂを同一平面内で９０度回転させた状態で示している。なお、光制御パネルＡの垂直な平面光反射部１１と光制御パネルＢの垂直な平面光反射部１２で続けて２回反射すると物体像Ｍ´が得られるので、光学結像装置の光制御パネルＡ、Ｂを側面視して左右に分割し、同一平面内で左側の光制御パネルＡ、Ｂに対して右側の光制御パネルＡ、Ｂを９０度回転した状態で配置しても物体像が得られる。 Next, the operation and operation of the optical imaging apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 3, in order to clearly show the light reflection state in the light control panels A and B of the optical imaging apparatus 10, the light control panel on the left side with respect to the object M and the object image M ′ in a side view is shown. In the right light control panel, the right light control panels A and B are shown rotated by 90 degrees in the same plane with respect to the left light control panels A and B. Since the object image M ′ is obtained when the light is reflected twice in succession by the vertical planar light reflecting portion 11 of the light control panel A and the vertical planar light reflecting portion 12 of the light control panel B, the light control of the optical imaging device is performed. The panels A and B are divided into left and right sides when viewed from the side, and the object image is obtained even when the right light control panels A and B are rotated 90 degrees with respect to the left light control panels A and B in the same plane. Is obtained.

光学結像装置１０の光制御パネルＡの他方側（平面光反射部１１が形成されていない側）に配置した物体Ｍから放射された光が、光制御パネルＡの他方側の面に斜めに入射すると、入射した光は光制御パネルＡ内に進入し進行する。ここで、断面直角三角形の溝１３、１４内（垂直面の外側領域）には空気が存在しているので、光制御パネル内（垂直面の内側領域）の光屈折率ｎｍは、垂直面の外側領域、すなわち空気の光屈折率ｎａより大きい。このため、光制御パネルＡ内を進行した光が垂直面に入射角θで入射する際に、入射角θがｓｉｎθｃ＝ｎｍ／ｎａの関係を満たす角度θｃを超える角度で垂直面内のａ点に入射する場合、垂直面内のａ点で光の全反射が起こり、このとき垂直面は平面光反射部１１となる。 Light emitted from the object M arranged on the other side of the light control panel A of the optical imaging apparatus 10 (the side on which the planar light reflecting portion 11 is not formed) is inclined obliquely on the other surface of the light control panel A. When incident, the incident light enters the light control panel A and travels. Here, since air exists in the grooves 13 and 14 having a right-angled triangular section (outer region of the vertical surface), the light refractive index nm in the light control panel (inner region of the vertical surface) is It is larger than the outer region, that is, the optical refractive index na of air. Therefore, when light traveling in the light control panel A is incident on the vertical surface at an incident angle θ, the point a in the vertical surface is an angle that exceeds the angle θc that satisfies the relationship sin θc = nm / na. In this case, total reflection of light occurs at point a in the vertical plane, and at this time, the vertical plane becomes the planar light reflecting portion 11.

そして、光制御パネルＡの垂直面で全反射した光が光透過部１５に到達すると、光制御パネルＡと光制御パネルＢは密着しているので、互いに当接している光透過部１５、１６を介して光制御パネルＡの垂直面で全反射した光の一部は光制御パネルＢ内に進入し、残部は散乱光処理された斜面１９で散乱して減衰する。光制御パネルＢ内に進入した光は、光制御パネルＢ内を進行し断面直角三角形の溝１４の垂直面に到達する。そして、溝１４の垂直面に到達した光のなかで全反射を起こす入射角度で垂直面内のｂ点に入射した光に対してのみ垂直面は平面光反射部１２として作用し、全反射した光は光制御パネルＢ内を更に進行し、光制御パネルＢ内の他方側（平面光反射部１２が形成されていない側）の面から外部に放出される。 When the light totally reflected by the vertical surface of the light control panel A reaches the light transmitting portion 15, the light control panel A and the optical control panel B is in close contact, the light transmitting portions 15 and 16 which are in contact with each other A part of the light totally reflected by the vertical surface of the light control panel A enters the light control panel B, and the rest is scattered and attenuated by the slope 19 subjected to the scattered light processing. The light that has entered the light control panel B travels in the light control panel B and reaches the vertical plane of the groove 14 having a right-angled triangular section. The vertical surface acts as the planar light reflecting portion 12 only for the light incident on the point b in the vertical surface at an incident angle causing total reflection among the light reaching the vertical surface of the groove 14 and totally reflected. The light further travels in the light control panel B, and is emitted to the outside from the surface on the other side (the side on which the planar light reflecting portion 12 is not formed) in the light control panel B.

なお、図１、図３に示すように、光制御パネルＡの垂直面に入射角がθｃ未満で入射した光は垂直面で屈折して溝１３内に進入し、一部の光は散乱光処理がなされた斜面１９で散乱して減衰し、残部は光制御パネルＢの光透過部１６を通過して光制御パネルＢに進入する。そして、光制御パネルＢに進入した光のなかで、溝１４の垂直面で全反射された光、光制御パネルＢ内をそのまま進行する光は、光制御パネルＢの他方側まで進行し他方側の面から外部に放出される。また、光制御パネルＡの溝１３の垂直面に入射角がθｃで入射した光は、溝１３の垂直面で反射してこの垂直面に沿った光となって光制御パネルＢの光透過部１６から光制御パネルＢ内に進入する。そして光制御パネルＢ内に進入した光のなかで、一部は散乱光処理がなされた溝１４の斜面２０で散乱して減衰し、残部は光制御パネルＢの他方側の面から外部に放出される。更に、光透過部１５、１６を介して光制御パネルＡから光制御パネルＢ内に直接進入し、光制御パネルＢ内を進行して光制御パネルＢの他方側の面から外部に放出される光も存在する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, light incident on the vertical surface of the light control panel A with an incident angle of less than θc is refracted on the vertical surface and enters the groove 13, and some of the light is scattered light. The light is scattered and attenuated by the slope 19 that has been processed, and the remaining portion passes through the light transmitting portion 16 of the light control panel B and enters the light control panel B. Of the light that has entered the light control panel B, the light that is totally reflected by the vertical surface of the groove 14 and the light that travels in the light control panel B travels to the other side of the light control panel B. It is emitted from the surface of the outside. Further, the light incident on the vertical surface of the groove 13 of the light control panel A with the incident angle θc is reflected by the vertical surface of the groove 13 and becomes light along the vertical surface. 16 enters the light control panel B. Of the light that has entered the light control panel B, a part of the light is scattered and attenuated by the inclined surface 20 of the groove 14 that has been subjected to the scattered light treatment, and the remaining part is emitted from the other surface of the light control panel B to the outside. Is done. Further, the light enters directly from the light control panel A into the light control panel B through the light transmitting portions 15 and 16, travels through the light control panel B, and is emitted to the outside from the other surface of the light control panel B. There is also light.

ここで、平面光反射部１１、１２は、直交させて向かい合わせた状態で配置されているため、光制御パネルＢ内を進行して光制御パネルＢの他方側の面から外部に放出される光のなかで、平面光反射部１１に入射した入射光が平面光反射部１１のａ点で１回目の反射をしてその反射光が平面光反射部１２のｂ点で２回目の反射を起こすと、２回目の反射光は、平面光反射部１１に入射した入射光の入射角度と同一の角度で放射される。このため、物体Ｍから光学結像装置１０に入射した光のなかで、平面光反射部１１、１２で連続して反射した反射光は、光学結像装置１０を挟んで物体Ｍと対称位置に収束し、光学結像装置１０を挟んで物体Ｍと対称位置に物体像Ｍ´が生成する。 Here, since the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 are disposed in a state of being orthogonally opposed to each other, they travel in the light control panel B and are emitted to the outside from the other surface of the light control panel B. Of the light, incident light incident on the planar light reflecting portion 11 is reflected at the point a of the planar light reflecting portion 11 for the first time, and the reflected light is reflected at the point b of the planar light reflecting portion 12 for the second time. When this happens, the second reflected light is radiated at the same angle as the incident angle of the incident light incident on the planar light reflecting portion 11. For this reason, among the light incident on the optical imaging apparatus 10 from the object M, the reflected light continuously reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 11 and 12 is in a symmetrical position with the object M across the optical imaging apparatus 10. It converges and an object image M ′ is generated at a symmetrical position with respect to the object M across the optical imaging apparatus 10.

一方、光制御パネルＡの溝１３内を通過してから光制御パネルＢ内に進入し光制御パネルＢの他方側まで進行し他方側の面から外部に放出された光、光制御パネルＡの溝１３の垂直面に入射角θｃで入射し、溝１３の垂直面に沿った光となって光制御パネルＢ内に進入し光制御パネルＢの他方側まで進行し他方側の面から外部に放出された光、及び光制御パネルＡから光制御パネルＢ内に直接進入し、光制御パネルＢ内を進行して光制御パネルＢの他方側の面から外部に放出される光は、いずれも光制御パネルＡに入射する入射光とは同一角度で反射しない。このため、光制御パネルＢの他方側の面から外部に放出される光は交わることがなく、像は形成されない。 On the other hand, after passing through the groove 13 of the light control panel A, the light enters the light control panel B, proceeds to the other side of the light control panel B, and is emitted to the outside from the other side surface. The light enters the vertical surface of the groove 13 at an incident angle θc, enters the light control panel B as light along the vertical surface of the groove 13, travels to the other side of the light control panel B, and travels from the other surface to the outside. The emitted light and the light that directly enters the light control panel B from the light control panel A, travels through the light control panel B, and is emitted to the outside from the other surface of the light control panel B are both The incident light entering the light control panel A is not reflected at the same angle. For this reason, the light emitted to the outside from the other surface of the light control panel B does not intersect and an image is not formed.

図４、図５に示すように、本発明の実施例に係る方法で製造された光学結像装置２１は、２枚の透明平板の内部に、透明平板の厚み方向に渡って垂直に多数かつ帯状で、金属反射面からなる平面光反射部２２、２３を一定のピッチで並べて形成した第１の光制御パネルＣ（以下、単に「光制御パネルＣ」という）及び第２の光制御パネルＤ（以下、単に「光制御パネルＤ」という）を用い、光制御パネルＣ、Ｄのそれぞれの一面側を、平面光反射部２２、２３を直交させて向かい合わせて密着させている。以下詳細に説明する。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the optical imaging device 21 manufactured by the method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a large number of optical imaging devices 21 in the vertical direction in the thickness direction of the transparent flat plate inside the two transparent flat plates. A first light control panel C (hereinafter simply referred to as “light control panel C”) and a second light control panel D, which are formed in a band shape and are formed by arranging planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 made of metal reflecting surfaces at a constant pitch. (Hereinafter, simply referred to as “light control panel D”), one surface side of each of the light control panels C and D is brought into close contact with the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 facing each other. This will be described in detail below.

光制御パネルＣ、Ｄは、金属の一例であるアルミニウム又は銀等の蒸着層（又はめっき層）からなる金属反射面（従って、両面反射板となる）が、一面側に形成された一定厚みの板状の透明合成樹脂板（例えば、アクリル樹脂板）又はガラス板を、金属反射面が一方側に配置されるように多数枚積層して積層体を作製し、この積層体から各金属反射面に対して垂直な切出し面が形成されるように切出すことにより光制御パネルＣ、Ｄを作製する。そして、透明合成樹脂板又はガラス板の厚みが平面光反射部２２、２３のピッチに相当し、積層体から切出す際の厚みで光制御パネルＣ、Ｄの厚みが決定される。 Each of the light control panels C and D has a constant thickness in which a metal reflecting surface (and thus a double-sided reflecting plate) made of a deposited layer (or plating layer) of aluminum or silver, which is an example of a metal, is formed on one surface side. A large number of plate-like transparent synthetic resin plates (for example, acrylic resin plates) or glass plates are laminated so that the metal reflection surface is arranged on one side, and a laminate is produced. The light control panels C and D are manufactured by cutting so that a cut surface perpendicular to the surface is formed. And the thickness of a transparent synthetic resin board or a glass plate is equivalent to the pitch of the plane light reflection parts 22 and 23, and the thickness of the light control panels C and D is determined by the thickness at the time of cutting out from a laminated body.

ここで、切出す際の厚みは、光制御パネルＣ、Ｄの強度や光制御パネルＣ、Ｄの縦寸法及び横寸法に応じて調整する必要があるが、例えば、０．５〜１０ｍｍである。ここで、平面光反射部２２、２３の幅は、平面光反射部２２、２３のピッチｑに対して、例えば、０．５ｑ以上３ｑ以下（好ましくは０．９ｑ〜１．１ｑ、より好ましくはｑ）である。平面光反射部２２、２３の幅が３ｑを超えると、平面光反射部２２、２３で反射した光が隣の平面光反射部２２、２３で反射され、再び平面光反射部２２、２３で反射することが繰返され鮮明な像が得られない。一方、平面光反射部２２、２３の幅が０．５ｑ未満の場合、平面光反射部２２、２３で反射される光が少なくなって鮮明な像が得られない。そして、光制御パネルＣ、Ｄは、それぞれの一面側同士が密着して、図示しない拘束部材（例えば、接着剤、熱シール、ねじ等）で固定されている。 Here, the thickness at the time of cutting needs to be adjusted according to the intensity of the light control panels C and D and the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the light control panels C and D, and is, for example, 0.5 to 10 mm. . Here, the width of the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 is, for example, 0.5q to 3q (preferably 0.9q to 1.1q, more preferably) with respect to the pitch q of the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23. q). When the width of the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 exceeds 3q, the light reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 is reflected by the adjacent planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 and again reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23. Repeatedly, a clear image cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the widths of the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 are less than 0.5 q, the light reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 is reduced and a clear image cannot be obtained. The light control panels C and D are fixed to each other by a restraining member (for example, an adhesive, a heat seal, a screw, etc.) that is not shown, in close contact with each other.

続いて、この光学結像装置２１の作用について説明する。
図４〜図６に示すように、光学結像装置２１の光制御パネルＣの他方側（光制御パネルＤとの非当接側）に配置した物体Ｎから放射された光が光制御パネルＣの他方側の面に斜めに入射すると、入射した光は光制御パネルＣ内に進入し平面光反射部２２のｃ点で反射される。そして、平面光反射部２２で反射された反射光は、光制御パネルＣの一方側の面から光制御パネルＤの一方側（光制御パネルＣとの当接側）の面を通過して光制御パネルＤ内に進入する。ここで、光制御パネルＤ内に進入した光のなかで、一部の光は光制御パネルＤの平面光反射部２３のｄ点で反射されて更に光制御パネルＤ内を進行し、光制御パネルＤ内の他方側の面から外部に放出される。また、残部の光の一部は、光制御パネルＤ内を進行して光制御パネルＤの他方側の面から外部に放出される。 Next, the operation of the optical imaging device 21 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the light emitted from the object N arranged on the other side (the non-contact side with the light control panel D) of the light control panel C of the optical imaging device 21 is the light control panel C. Is incident obliquely on the other side surface, the incident light enters the light control panel C and is reflected at the point c of the planar light reflecting portion 22. Then, the reflected light reflected by the planar light reflecting portion 22 passes through the surface on one side of the light control panel D (the contact side with the light control panel C) from the surface on one side of the light control panel C, and the light. Enter the control panel D. Here, of the light that has entered the light control panel D, a part of the light is reflected at the point d of the planar light reflecting portion 23 of the light control panel D and further travels through the light control panel D to control the light. The light is discharged from the other side of the panel D to the outside. Further, a part of the remaining light travels in the light control panel D and is emitted to the outside from the other surface of the light control panel D.

ここで、平面光反射部２２、２３は、直交させて向かい合わせた状態で配置されているため、光制御パネルＤ内を進行して光制御パネルＤの他方側の面から外部に放出される光のなかで、平面光反射部２２に入射した入射光が平面光反射部２２のｃ点で１回目の反射をしてその反射光が平面光反射部２３のｄ点で２回目の反射を起こすと、２回目の反射光は平面光反射部２２に入射した入射光と平面視して平行になる（図４参照）。このため、物体Ｎから光学結像装置２１に入射した光のなかで、平面光反射部２２、２３で連続して反射した反射光は、光学結像装置２１を挟んで物体Ｎと対称位置に収束し、光学結像装置２１を挟んで物体Ｎと対称位置に物体像Ｎ´が生成する。 Here, since the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 are arranged in a state of being orthogonally opposed to each other, they travel in the light control panel D and are emitted to the outside from the other surface of the light control panel D. Of the light, incident light incident on the planar light reflecting portion 22 is reflected at the point c of the planar light reflecting portion 22 for the first time, and the reflected light is reflected at the point d of the planar light reflecting portion 23 for the second time. When this happens, the second reflected light becomes parallel to the incident light incident on the planar light reflecting portion 22 in plan view (see FIG. 4). For this reason, among the light incident on the optical imaging device 21 from the object N, the reflected light continuously reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 is in a symmetrical position with the object N across the optical imaging device 21. It converges and an object image N ′ is generated at a symmetrical position with respect to the object N across the optical imaging device 21.

一方、光制御パネルＣの平面光反射部２２で反射されて光制御パネルＤ内に進入し、光制御パネルＤ内を進行して他方側の面から外部に放出される光、光制御パネルＣに進入し光制御パネルＣ内を進行して光制御パネルＤ内に進入し、光制御パネルＤ内を進行して他方側の面から外部に放出された光は、いずれも光制御パネルＣに入射する入射光とは平面視して平行でない。このため、光制御パネルＤの他方側の面から外部に放出される光は交わることがなく、像は形成されない。
なお、光学結像装置２１では、平面光反射部２２、２３が金属反射面なので、平面光反射部２２、２３で反射する光の入射角度に制限がなく光の反射角が任意となる。このため、「物質の全反射」の原理を用いた反射面より広範囲の角度で結像できる。 On the other hand, light that is reflected by the planar light reflecting portion 22 of the light control panel C, enters the light control panel D, travels through the light control panel D, and is emitted to the outside from the other surface, the light control panel C. The light that enters the light control panel C, enters the light control panel D, enters the light control panel D, and travels through the light control panel D and is emitted from the other side to the light control panel C. The incident light is not parallel to the incident light in plan view. For this reason, the light emitted to the outside from the other surface of the light control panel D does not intersect and an image is not formed.
In the optical imaging device 21, since the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 are metal reflecting surfaces, the incident angle of light reflected by the planar light reflecting portions 22 and 23 is not limited, and the light reflection angle is arbitrary. For this reason, an image can be formed at a wider range of angles than the reflecting surface using the principle of “total reflection of matter”.

図７には本発明の他の参考例に係る光学結像装置２６を示すが、図に示すように、第１の光制御パネルＥ（以下、単に「光制御パネルＥ」という）と、これに当接する第２の光制御パネルＦ（以下、単に光制御パネルＦ」という）とを有する。光制御パネルＥには、両面反射板からなる長尺の平面光反射部２７が多数平行に設けられ、光制御パネルＦは両面反射板からなる多数の長尺の平面光反射部２８が平行に設けられている。そして、平面光反射部２７、２８は立設されている向きは同じである。従って、光制御パネルＥと光制御パネルＦとの当接面２９に対して、各平面光反射部２７、２８は垂直に配置されている。 FIG. 7 shows an optical imaging apparatus 26 according to another reference example of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, a first light control panel E (hereinafter simply referred to as “light control panel E”), A second light control panel F (hereinafter simply referred to as a light control panel F). The light control panel E is provided with a number of long planar light reflecting portions 27 made of double-sided reflectors in parallel, and the light control panel F has a number of long planar light reflecting portions 28 made of double-sided reflectors in parallel. Is provided. The plane light reflecting portions 27 and 28 are erected in the same direction. Accordingly, the planar light reflecting portions 27 and 28 are arranged perpendicular to the contact surface 29 between the light control panel E and the light control panel F.

そして、平面光反射部２７の長手方向と、平面光反射部２８の長手方向は直交している。これらの平面光反射部２７、２８は、実施例に係る光学結像装置２１と同様、透明樹脂（例えば、アクリル）又はガラス等の中に所定ピッチで埋設されている。
そして、光制御パネルＥ、Ｆにおける平面光反射部２７、２８は、高さ（幅）が、中央部から周辺部に向けて徐々に高くなって、各光制御パネルＥ、Ｆの片側断面は、円弧状となっている。 The longitudinal direction of the planar light reflecting portion 27 and the longitudinal direction of the planar light reflecting portion 28 are orthogonal to each other. These planar light reflecting portions 27 and 28 are embedded in a transparent resin (for example, acrylic) or glass at a predetermined pitch, like the optical imaging device 21 according to the embodiment.
The planar light reflecting portions 27 and 28 in the light control panels E and F are gradually increased in height (width) from the central portion toward the peripheral portion. It has an arc shape.

従って、光源Ｐから出た光（入射光）は、光制御パネルＥの中央にある平面光反射部２７では、一回反射で光制御パネルＦの平面光反射部２８に入り、結像点Ｐ’に収束する。また、光制御パネルＦの周辺部で、高さの高い部分の平面光反射部２７に入射した光は、内部で奇数回反射して光制御パネルＦに入り、光制御パネルＦで奇数回（一回）反射し、結像点Ｐ’又はその近傍に収束する。一方、光制御パネルＥ又は光制御パネルＦで偶数回反射した光は、結像点Ｐ’には収束しない。
従って、光学結像装置１０、２１では、光制御パネルの周辺部の光を集めることは難しいが、この光学結像装置２６によって、光制御パネルの周辺部に当たる光の一部を集めることができる。 Therefore, the light (incident light) emitted from the light source P enters the planar light reflecting portion 28 of the light control panel F by a single reflection at the planar light reflecting portion 27 in the center of the light control panel E, and the image point P Converge to '. In addition, the light incident on the planar light reflecting portion 27 of the high portion in the peripheral portion of the light control panel F is internally reflected an odd number of times and enters the light control panel F, and the light control panel F has an odd number of times ( Once), the light is reflected and converges at or near the image point P ′. On the other hand, the light reflected by the light control panel E or the light control panel F an even number of times does not converge at the imaging point P ′.
Therefore, although it is difficult for the optical imaging devices 10 and 21 to collect the light at the peripheral portion of the light control panel, the optical imaging device 26 can collect a part of the light hitting the peripheral portion of the light control panel. .

以上、本発明を、実施例を参照して説明してきたが、本発明は何ら上記した実施例に記載した構成に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載されている事項の範囲内で考えられるその他の実施例や変形例も含むものである。 The present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above-described embodiments, and is within the scope of the matters described in the claims. It includes other embodiments and modifications that can be considered.

また、実施例で、透明合成樹脂板の一面側に金属反射面を形成したが、透明合成樹脂板又はガラス板の両側面に金属反射面を形成してもよい。そして、両側面に金属反射面が形成された透明合成樹脂板又はガラス板を多数枚積層して積層体を作製し、この積層体から各金属反射面に対して垂直な切出し面が形成されるように切出して第１及び第２の光制御パネルを形成することもできる。
更に、実施例で、第１の光制御パネルの平面光反射部のピッチと、第２の光制御パネルの平面光反射部のピッチを同一としたが、第１の光制御パネルの平面光反射部のピッチと第２の光制御パネルの平面光反射部のピッチは異なっていてもよい。 Moreover, in the Example, although the metal reflective surface was formed in the one surface side of a transparent synthetic resin plate, you may form a metal reflective surface in the both sides | surfaces of a transparent synthetic resin plate or a glass plate. And a laminated body is produced by laminating a large number of transparent synthetic resin plates or glass plates having metal reflecting surfaces formed on both side surfaces, and cut-out surfaces perpendicular to the respective metal reflecting surfaces are formed from this laminated body. Thus, the first and second light control panels can be formed by cutting out.
Further, in the embodiment, the pitch of the planar light reflecting portion of the first light control panel and the pitch of the planar light reflecting portion of the second light control panel are the same, but the planar light reflection of the first light control panel is the same. The pitch of the part and the pitch of the planar light reflecting part of the second light control panel may be different.

本発明においては、透明平板の内部に、一方側の面に垂直に多数かつ帯状の平面光反射部を一定のピッチで並べて形成した第１及び第２の光制御パネルのそれぞれの一面側を、それぞれの平面光反射部を直交させて向かい合わせているので、この光学結像装置の一側に配置された物体から放射される光は、光学結像装置の他側に収束して結像する。従って、空間内に立体像を映し出すことができ、立体表示機器、ゲーム機、遊戯機器、広告塔等に応用できる。
更に、構造も簡単であるので、安価な光学結像装置を提供できる。 In the present invention, each one side of the first and second light control panels formed by arranging a large number of strip-shaped planar light reflecting portions arranged at a constant pitch perpendicularly to the surface on one side inside the transparent flat plate, Since the planar light reflecting portions are orthogonally opposed to each other, the light emitted from the object disposed on one side of the optical imaging apparatus converges on the other side of the optical imaging apparatus and forms an image. . Therefore, a stereoscopic image can be projected in the space, and can be applied to a stereoscopic display device, a game machine, a game machine, an advertising tower, and the like.
Furthermore, since the structure is simple, an inexpensive optical imaging apparatus can be provided.

１０：光学結像装置、１１、１２：平面光反射部、１３、１４：溝、１５、１６：光透過部、１９、２０：斜面、２１：光学結像装置、２２、２３：平面光反射部、２６：光学結像装置、２７、２８：平面光反射部、２９：当接面、Ａ、Ｃ、Ｅ：第１の光制御パネル、Ｂ、Ｄ、Ｆ：第２の光制御パネル DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Optical imaging device, 11, 12: Plane light reflection part, 13, 14: Groove, 15, 16: Light transmission part, 19, 20: Slope, 21: Optical imaging device, 22, 23: Plane light reflection Part, 26: optical imaging device, 27, 28: planar light reflecting part, 29: contact surface, A, C, E: first light control panel, B, D, F: second light control panel

Claims (1)

透明平板の内部に、該透明平板の一方側の面に垂直に多数かつ帯状の平面光反射部を一定のピッチで並べて形成した２枚の光制御パネルを用い、該光制御パネルのそれぞれの一面側を、それぞれの前記光制御パネルの前記平面光反射部を直交させて向かい合わせ、立体像を形成する光学結像装置の製造方法であって、
金属反射面が一面に形成された一定厚みの透明合成樹脂板又はガラス板を、前記金属反射面が一方側に配置されるようにして、多数枚積層して積層体を作製する工程と、
前記積層体を前記金属反射面に対して垂直な切り出し面が形成されるように切り出す工程と、
以上の工程によって製造された２枚の前記光制御パネルの一面側を、それぞれの前記光制御パネルの前記平面光反射部を直交させて、向かい合わせる工程とを有することを特徴とする光学結像装置の製造方法。 Inside the transparent flat plate, two light control panels formed by arranging a large number of strip-like planar light reflecting portions at a constant pitch perpendicularly to the surface on one side of the transparent flat plate, one surface of each of the light control panels side, face each other are perpendicular to the planar light reflecting portion of each of said light control panel, a manufacturing method of an optical imaging equipment for forming a three-dimensional image,
A step of producing a laminate by laminating a large number of transparent synthetic resin plates or glass plates having a constant thickness with a metal reflection surface formed on one side so that the metal reflection surface is arranged on one side;
Cutting the laminate so that a cut surface perpendicular to the metal reflecting surface is formed;
Optical imaging , comprising: one surface side of the two light control panels manufactured by the above steps facing each other with the planar light reflecting portions of the respective light control panels orthogonal to each other Device manufacturing method.
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