JP4935282B2 - Friction stirring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction stir method.

  Friction stir welding (FSW = Friction Stir Welding) is known as a method for joining metal members. Friction stir welding is a process of rotating a rotating tool along the abutting portion between metal members, and plastically flowing the metal at the abutting portion by frictional heat between the rotating tool and the metal member, so that the metal members are solid-phased. It is what is joined. In general, the rotating tool is formed by protruding a stirring pin (probe) on the lower end surface of a cylindrical shoulder portion.

  By the way, Patent Document 1 discloses a friction stirring method in which a pilot hole is formed at a friction stirring start position and friction stirring is started from the pilot hole. If it does in this way, the load (pressing force) at the time of press-fitting a stirring pin will be reduced.

JP 2003-326374 A (paragraph [0004], FIG. 4)

  In the friction stir method of Patent Document 1, the stir pin is cylindrical, and the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the stir pin. Is in contact with the surface of the metal member, there is a problem that the press-fitting resistance in the initial press-fitting stage is large.

  From this point of view, the present invention is a friction stirring method in which a pilot hole is formed at a friction stirring start position and friction stirring is started from the pilot hole, and the press-fitting resistance in the initial press-fitting stage of the stirring pin is reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction stirring method that can be used.

  A friction stir method according to the present invention that solves such a problem is a friction stir method in which a pilot hole is formed at a friction stirring start position, and friction stirring is started from the pilot hole. With a tapered truncated cone shape, the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is larger than the minimum outer diameter of the stirring pin, and the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin, The stirring pin is press-fitted into the pilot hole while rotating.

  According to this friction stir method, the tip of the stir pin that has a tapered truncated cone shape enters the pilot hole, and the peripheral surface (side surface) of the stir pin that enters the pilot hole comes into contact with the hole wall of the pilot hole. The metal is plastically fluidized from the hole wall side. In such a state, since the stirring pin is press-fitted while pushing the plastic fluidized metal away from the peripheral surface of the stirring pin, it is possible to reduce the press-fitting resistance at the initial press-fitting stage.

  If the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is less than 50% of the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin, there is a concern that the degree of reduction of the press-fit resistance may decrease, and the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is less than the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin. If it exceeds 90%, the amount of frictional heat generated by the agitating pin is reduced and the plastic fluidized area is reduced, and the amount of heat input is reduced, so the load during movement of the rotating tool increases and defects are likely to occur. . Therefore, in the present invention, it is desirable that the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is 50 to 90% of the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin.

  In addition, if the depth of the pilot hole is larger than necessary, the time required for processing the pilot hole becomes longer. Therefore, it is desirable to make the depth of the pilot hole smaller than the length of the stirring pin. If the depth of the hole is less than 70% of the length of the stirring pin, there is a risk that the degree of reduction of the press-fit resistance will be reduced, and if the depth of the prepared hole exceeds 90% of the length of the stirring pin, stirring will occur. The amount of frictional heat generated by the pin is reduced, the plastic fluidizing region is reduced, and the amount of heat input is reduced, so that the load during movement of the rotary tool is increased and defects are likely to occur. Therefore, in the present invention, it is desirable that the depth of the pilot hole is 70 to 90% of the length of the stirring pin.

  Further, if the volume of the pilot hole is larger than necessary, the plastic fluidizing region may be reduced and the press-fitting resistance when the stirring pin is press-fitted may increase, so the volume of the pilot hole is set to the volume of the stirring pin. However, if the volume of the pilot hole is less than 40% of the volume of the stirring pin, there is a possibility that the degree of reduction of the press-fit resistance is lowered, and the volume of the pilot hole is the volume of the stirring pin. If it exceeds 80%, the amount of frictional heat generated by the agitating pin is reduced, the plastic fluidized area is reduced, and the amount of heat input is reduced, increasing the load when moving the rotary tool and causing defects easily. Become. Therefore, in the present invention, the volume of the pilot hole is preferably 40 to 80% of the volume of the stirring pin.

  According to the friction stir method according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the press-fitting resistance in the initial press-fitting stage of the stir pin.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention is a method for joining metal members using friction stirrer, which is temporarily joined after performing friction stir as temporary joining to the abutting part between metal members. The joining method which performs the friction stir as the main joining with respect to the butt | matching part of the state which illustrated is illustrated.

[First embodiment]
In 1st embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the case where the metal members 1 and 1 are joined linearly is illustrated.
First, the metal members 1 and 1 to be joined will be described in detail, and the first tab member 2 and the second tab member 3 used when joining the metal members 1 and 1 will be described in detail.

  The metal member 1 is made of a metal material that can be frictionally stirred, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. In the present embodiment, one metal member 1 and the other metal member 1 are formed of metal materials having the same composition. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the shape and dimension of the metal members 1 and 1, It is desirable to make the thickness dimension in the abutting part J1 the same at least.

  The first tab member 2 and the second tab member 3 are arranged so as to sandwich the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, and are attached to the metal members 1 and 1, respectively. The seam (boundary line) of the metal members 1 and 1 appearing on the side surface 14 side is covered. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the material of the 1st tab material 2 and the 2nd tab material 3, In this embodiment, it forms with the metal material of the same composition as the metal member 1. FIG. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the shape and dimension of the 1st tab material 2 and the 2nd tab material 3, In this embodiment, the thickness dimension is made the same with the thickness dimension of the metal member 1 in the abutting part J1. Yes.

  Next, referring to FIG. 2, a rotary tool A used for temporary joining (hereinafter referred to as “temporary joining rotary tool A”) and a rotary tool B used for main joining (hereinafter referred to as “main joining rotational tool B”). Will be described in detail.

  A rotating tool A for temporary joining shown in FIG. 2A is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 1 such as tool steel, and projects into a shoulder portion A1 having a columnar shape and a lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1. And an agitating pin (probe) A2 provided. The size and shape of the temporary bonding rotary tool A may be set according to the material, thickness, etc. of the metal member 1, but at least the main bonding rotating tool B used in the first main bonding step described later (see FIG. 2 (see (b)). This makes it possible to perform temporary bonding with a smaller load than the main bonding, so that it is possible to reduce the load applied to the friction stirrer at the time of temporary bonding. Since the moving speed (feeding speed) can be made higher than the moving speed of the main welding rotary tool B, the working time and cost required for temporary bonding can be reduced.

The lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1 is a part that plays a role of preventing plastic scattering by pressing the plastic fluidized metal, and is formed in a concave shape in this embodiment. There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter X ₁ of the shoulder portion A1, in the present embodiment, is smaller than the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion B1 of the joining rotation tool B.

The stirring pin A2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1, and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment. In addition, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin A2. There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter of the stirring pin A2, in the present embodiment, the maximum outer diameter of the maximum outer diameter (upper diameter) X ₂ is stirring pin B2 rotary tool B for the joint (upper end diameter) Y less than _2, and the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) _{X 3} is smaller than the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) _{Y 3} of the stirring pin B2. The length L _A of the stirring pin A2 is preferably 3 to 15% of the thickness t (see FIG. 2B) of the metal member 1 in the abutting portion J1 (see FIG. 1A). At least, it is desirable to be smaller than the length L ₁ of the stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B.

  2B is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 1 such as tool steel, and projects into a shoulder portion B1 having a cylindrical shape and a lower end surface B11 of the shoulder portion B1. And an agitating pin (probe) B2 provided.

The lower end surface B11 of the shoulder B1 is formed in a concave shape like the temporary joining rotary tool A. The stirring pin B2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface B11 of the shoulder portion B1, and in the present embodiment, is formed in a tapered truncated cone shape. Further, on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin B2, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed. The length _{L 1} of the stirring pin B2 is preferably set to be 1/2 or more 3/4 of the thickness t of the metal member 1 in the butting portion J1 (the (a) see FIG. 1), more Preferably, it is desirable to set so as to satisfy the relationship of 1.01 ≦ 2L ₁ /t≦1.10.

  Hereinafter, the joining method according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. The joining method according to the present embodiment includes (1) a preparation step, (2) a first preliminary step, (3) a first main joining step, (4) a first repair step, and (5) a first crossing. It includes a repair process, (6) a second preliminary process, (7) a second main joining process, (8) a second repair process, and (9) a second transverse repair process. The first preliminary process, the first main joining process, the first repair process, and the first transverse repair process are executed from the surface 12 side of the metal member 1, and the second preliminary process, The second main joining process, the second repair process, and the second transverse repair process are executed from the back surface 13 side of the metal member 1.

(1) Preparation process:
The preparation process will be described with reference to FIG. The preparation step is a step of preparing metal members 1 and 1 to be joined and a contact member (first tab member 2 and second tab member 3) provided with a friction stirring start position and an end position. A butting step of butting the metal members 1 and 1 to be joined, a tab material arranging step of arranging the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 on both sides of the butting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, and a first A welding process in which the tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are temporarily joined to the metal members 1 and 1 by welding.

  In the abutting process, as shown in FIG. 1C, the side surface 11 of the other metal member 1 is brought into close contact with the side surface 11 of the one metal member 1, and the surface 12 of the one metal member 1 and the other metal member The front surface 12 of one metal member 1 is flush, and the back surface 13 of one metal member 1 and the back surface 13 of the other metal member 1 are flush.

  In the tab material arranging step, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the first tab material 2 is arranged on one end side of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1, 1, and the contact surface 21 is made to be the metal members 1, 1. The second tab member 3 is disposed on the other end side of the abutting portion J1, and the contact surface 31 is brought into contact with the side surfaces 14, 14 of the metal members 1, 1. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the surface 22 of the first tab member 2 and the surface 32 of the second tab member 3 are flush with the surface 12 of the metal member 1, and the first tab member 2 The back surface 23 and the back surface 33 of the second tab member 3 are flush with the back surface 13 of the metal member 1.

  In the welding process, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the corners 2a and 2a formed by the metal member 1 and the first tab member 2 (that is, the side surface 14 of the metal member 1 and the The corners 2a, 2a) formed by the side surface 24 of the one tab member 2 are welded to join the metal member 1 and the first tab member 2, and are formed by the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3. The corner portions 3a, 3a (that is, the corner portions 3a, 3a formed by the side surface 14 of the metal member 1 and the side surface 34 of the second tab member 3) are welded to connect the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3 together. Join. In addition, welding may be performed continuously over the entire length of the corners 2a and 3a, or welding may be performed intermittently.

  When the preparation process is completed, the metal members 1, 1, the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are placed on a frame of a friction stirrer (not shown) and cannot be moved using a jig (not shown) such as a clamp. To be restrained. In addition, when a welding process is abbreviate | omitted, a butt | matching process and a tab material arrangement | positioning process are performed on the mount frame of the friction stirring apparatus which is not shown in figure.

(2) First preliminary process:
The first preliminary process is a process performed prior to the first main joining process. In the present embodiment, the first tab material for joining the abutting portion J2 between the metal members 1 and 1 and the first tab material 2 is used. A joining step, a temporary joining step of temporarily joining the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1, 1; a second tab material joining step of joining the abutting portion J3 of the metal members 1, 1 and the second tab material 3; A pilot hole forming step of forming a pilot hole at a friction stirring start position in one main joining step.

In the first preliminary process of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, one temporary joining rotary tool A is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing trajectory (bead), and the abutting portions J 1, J 2, Friction stirring is continuously performed on J3. That is, the stirring pin of temporary joining rotation tool A inserted at the start position S _P output friction stir A2 is moved to the end position E _P without disengaging (in see FIG. 2 (a)) to the middle, first tab member A joining process, a temporary joining process, and a 2nd tab material joining process are performed continuously. In the present embodiment, the start position S _P output friction stir First tab member 2 is provided, although the end position E _P provided on the second tab member 3, the position of the start position S _P and the end position E _P It is not intended to limit.

The procedure of friction stirring in the first preliminary process of this embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), to position the rotating tool A for temporary bonding directly on the start position S _P provided in place of the first tab member 2, followed by the rotating tool A for temporarily joined It is lowered while rotated clockwise presses the stirring pin A2 to the start position S _P and. The rotational speed of the rotary tool A for temporary joining is set according to the size and shape of the agitating pin A2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 and the like which are frictionally agitated. It is set within the range of 2000 (rpm).

When the stirring pin A2 comes into contact with the surface 22 of the first tab member 2, the metal around the stirring pin A2 is plastically fluidized by frictional heat, and the stirring pin A2 is moved to the first tab as shown in FIG. Inserted into the material 2. The insertion speed (lowering speed) of the temporary joining rotary tool A is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin A2, the material and thickness of the member on which the start position _SP is provided, In this case, it is set within a range of 30 to 60 (mm / min).

  When the entire stirring pin A2 enters the first tab member 2 and the entire lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1 contacts the surface 22 of the first tab member 2, as shown in FIG. While A is rotated, it is relatively moved toward the starting point s2 of the first tab material joining step.

  The moving speed (feeding speed) of the temporary bonding rotary tool A is set in accordance with the size and shape of the agitating pin A2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 to be frictionally agitated, etc. In this case, it is set within a range of 100 to 1000 (mm / min). The rotational speed at the time of movement of the temporary joining rotary tool A is the same as or lower than the rotational speed at the time of insertion. When the temporary joining rotary tool A is moved, the axis of the shoulder part A1 may be slightly inclined to the rear side in the traveling direction with respect to the vertical line. The direction of the joining rotary tool A can be easily changed, and complicated movement is possible. When the rotary tool A for temporary joining is moved, the metal around the stirring pin A2 is sequentially plastically fluidized, and the metal that has been plastically fluidized is hardened again at a position away from the stirring pin A2.

  When the frictional stirring is continuously performed up to the starting point s2 of the first tab material joining process by relatively moving the temporary tool A for rotating, the first tab material joining is performed without removing the temporary joining rotary tool A at the starting point s2. Move to the process.

  In the first tab material joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J2 between the first tab material 2 and the metal members 1 and 1. Specifically, by setting a friction stir route on the joint (boundary line) between the metal members 1 and 1 and the first tab member 2, and relatively moving the temporary bonding rotary tool A along the route, Friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J2. In the present embodiment, the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s2 to the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step without causing the temporary joining rotary tool A to be detached.

  In addition, when the rotary tool A for temporary joining is rotated to the right, there is a possibility that a fine joining defect may occur on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s2 and the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step so that the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the right side of the first tab material. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joining defect on the metal member 1 side, it becomes possible to obtain a high quality joined body.

  Incidentally, when the temporary bonding rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, there is a possibility that a fine bonding defect may occur on the right side of the moving direction of the temporary bonding rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point and end point of the first tab material joining step so that the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the left side of the first tab material. Specifically, although not shown, a starting point is provided at the position of the end point e2 when the temporary bonding rotary tool A is rotated to the right, and the position of the starting point s2 when the temporary bonding rotary tool A is rotated to the right. An end point may be provided at.

  Note that, when the stirring pin A2 of the temporary bonding rotary tool A enters the abutting portion J2, a force acts to separate the metal member 1 and the first tab material 2, but the metal member 1 and the first tab material 2 form the force. Since the entered corner portion 2 a is temporarily joined by welding, no opening is generated between the metal member 1 and the first tab material 2.

  When the rotary tool A for temporary joining reaches the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step, the friction stir is continuously performed to the starting point s1 of the temporary joining step without ending the friction stirring at the end point e2, and the temporary joining step is performed as it is. Transition. That is, the frictional stirring is continued without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool A from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process to the start point s1 of the temporary joining process, and further, the temporary joining rotary tool A is detached at the start point s1. It moves to a temporary joining process without it. If it does in this way, the separation | elimination work of the rotary tool A for temporary joining in the end point e2 of a 1st tab material joining process becomes unnecessary, and also the insertion work of the rotating tool A for temporary joining in the start point s1 of a temporary joining process is unnecessary. Therefore, it becomes possible to improve the efficiency and speed of the preliminary joining work.

  In the present embodiment, the friction stir route from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process to the start point s1 of the temporary joining process is set to the first tab material 2, and the temporary joining rotary tool A is used as the first tab material joining process. The first tab member 2 is formed with a movement locus when moving from the end point e2 to the start point s1 of the temporary joining step. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joint defect in the metal members 1 and 1 in the process from the end point e2 of a 1st tab material joining process to the start point s1 of a temporary joining process, obtaining a high quality joined body. Is possible.

Of the friction stir route in the first tab material joining step and the friction stir route from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step to the start point s1 of the temporary joining step, the friction stir route in the first tab material joining step. distance d ₂ between the parallel portions, the securing or outer diameter X ₁ of the shoulder portion A1 of the temporary joining rotation tool a _(see FIG. 2 (a)). That is, the movement trajectory formed when the temporary bonding rotary tool A is moved from the start point s2 to the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process, and the temporary joining rotary tool A is the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process. the distance d ₂ between the movement trajectory formed when moving to the start point s1 of temporary bonding step from securing the outer diameter X ₁ or more shoulder portions A1 of the temporary joining rotation tool a. If it does in this way, even if a joining defect generate | occur | produces in the metal member 1 side of the rotary tool A for temporary joining in the process from the end point e2 of a 1st tab material joining process to the starting point s1 of a temporary joining process, the said joint defect Since it becomes difficult to reach the metal member 1, a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

  In the temporary joining step, friction stir is performed on the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1 (see FIG. 1A). Specifically, a route for friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) of the metal members 1 and 1, and the temporary tool rotation tool A is moved along the route, so that the total length of the abutting portion J1 is reached. Friction stirring is continuously performed throughout. In the present embodiment, frictional stirring is continuously performed from the start point s1 to the end point e1 of the temporary bonding step without causing the temporary bonding rotary tool A to be detached in the middle. This eliminates the need for removing the temporary joining rotary tool A during the temporary joining process, thereby further increasing the efficiency and speed of the preliminary joining work.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A reaches the end point e1 of the temporary joining step, the friction stirrer is continuously performed to the start point s3 of the second tab member joining step without ending the friction stirring at the end point e1, and the second tab material is left as it is. Transition to the joining process. That is, the frictional stirring is continued without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool A from the end point e1 of the temporary joining process to the start point s3 of the second tab member joining process, and further, the temporary joining rotary tool A is detached at the start point s3. It shifts to the 2nd tab material joining process, without. If it does in this way, the separation | elimination work of the rotary tool A for temporary joining in the end point e1 of a temporary joining process becomes unnecessary, and also the insertion work of the rotational tool A for temporary joining in the start point s3 of a 2nd tab material joining process is unnecessary. Therefore, it becomes possible to further improve the efficiency and speed of the preliminary joining work.

  In this embodiment, the friction stir route from the end point e1 of the temporary joining step to the start point s3 of the second tab member joining step is set to the second tab member 3, and the temporary joining rotary tool A is set to the end point e1 of the temporary joining step. The second tab member 3 is formed with a movement trajectory when moving from the starting point s3 of the second tab member joining step to the starting point s3. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joining defect in the metal member 1 in the process from the end point e1 of a temporary joining process to the start point s3 of a 2nd tab material joining process, it is possible to obtain a high quality joined body. It becomes.

Of the friction stir route from the end point e1 of the temporary joining step to the start point s3 of the second tab member joining step, a portion parallel to the friction stir route in the second tab member joining step to be described later and the second tab member joining The separation distance d ₃ from the friction stir route in the process is ensured to be equal to or larger than the outer diameter X ₁ (see FIG. 2A) of the shoulder portion A1 of the temporary joining rotary tool A. That is, the movement trajectory formed when the rotary tool A for temporary bonding is moved from the end point e1 of the temporary bonding process to the start point s3 of the second tab material bonding process, and the rotary tool A for temporary bonding are bonded to the second tab material. the distance d ₃ between the movement trajectory that is formed when the starting point s3 of steps moved to the end point e3, to ensure the outer diameter X ₁ or more shoulder portions A1 of the temporary joining rotation tool a. If it does in this way, even if a joint defect generate | occur | produces in the metal member 1 side of the rotary tool A for temporary joining in the process from the end point e1 of a temporary joining process to the start point s3 of a 2nd tab material joining process, the said joint defect Since it becomes difficult to reach the metal member 1, a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

  In the second tab material joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J3 between the metal members 1, 1 and the second tab material 3. Specifically, by setting a friction stir route on the joint (boundary line) between the metal members 1 and 1 and the second tab member 3, and relatively moving the temporary joining rotary tool A along the route, Friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J3. In the present embodiment, the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s3 to the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step without causing the temporary joining rotary tool A to be detached.

  Since the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the right, the starting point s3 and the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step are set so that the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. Set the position of. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joining defect on the metal member 1 side, it becomes possible to obtain a high quality joined body. Incidentally, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, the start and end points of the second tab material joining step are set so that the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the left side in the advancing direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the position. Specifically, although illustration is omitted, a starting point is provided at the position of the end point e3 when the temporary bonding rotary tool A is rotated to the right, and the position of the starting point s3 when the temporary bonding rotary tool A is rotated to the right. An end point may be provided at.

  In addition, when the stirring pin A2 (see FIG. 2A) of the temporary tool A for rotating temporarily enters the abutting portion J3, a force for separating the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3 acts. Since the corners 3 a of the first tab member 3 and the second tab member 3 are temporarily joined by welding, no opening is generated between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3.

Once the temporary joining rotation tool A reaches the end point e3 of the second tab member joining step, without terminating the friction stir at the end point e3, the friction stir continuously until the end position E _P provided on the second tab member 3 Do. In the present embodiment, the end position E _P is provided on the extended line of the joint (boundary line) of the metal members 1 and 1 appearing on the surface 12 side of the metal member 1. Incidentally, the end position E _P is also a friction stirring start position S _M1 in a first main joining process described later.

Once the temporary joining rotation tool A reaches the end position E _P, disengaging the temporary joining rotation tool A is raised while rotating the by stirring pin A2 (see FIG. 2 (a)) from the end position E _P.

Incidentally, the desorption rate of the temporary joining rotation tool A (rising speed), the size and shape of the stirring pin A2, but in which the end position E _P is set according to the material and thickness of the members are provided, In many cases, it is set within a range of 30 to 60 (mm / min). Further, the rotational speed at the time of removal of the temporary joining rotary tool A is the same as or higher than the rotational speed at the time of movement.

Then, a pilot hole formation process is performed. Prepared hole forming step, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a step of forming a prepared hole P1 at the start position S _M1 of the friction stir in the first of the welding process. That is, the pilot hole forming step is a step of forming the pilot hole P1 at the position where the stirring pin B2 of the main rotating tool B is to be inserted.

  The pilot hole P1 is provided for the purpose of reducing the insertion resistance (press-fit resistance) of the stirring pin B2 of the rotary tool B for main joining, and in this embodiment, the stirring pin A2 (see FIG. 2 (see (a)) is formed by expanding the diameter of the punched hole H1 formed with a drill or the like (not shown). If the punch hole H1 is used, the process of forming the pilot hole P1 can be simplified, and the working time can be shortened. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the form of the pilot hole P1, In this embodiment, it is cylindrical. In addition, in this embodiment, although the pilot hole P1 is formed in the 2nd tab material 3, there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the position of the pilot hole P1, You may form in the 1st tab material 2, and the butt | matching part J2 , J3 may be preferably formed on the extended line of the joint (boundary line) of the metal members 1 and 1 appearing on the surface 12 side of the metal member 1 as in the present embodiment.

Maximum bore diameter Z ₁ of the prepared hole P1 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter (upper end diameter) Y ₂ of the stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B, and preferably, the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin B2 it is desirable to 50-90% of Y _2. Incidentally, when the maximum hole diameter Z ₁ of the prepared hole P1 is less than 50% of the maximum outer diameter Y ₂ of the stirring pin B2, there is a possibility that the degree of reduction press-in resistance of the stirring pin B2 is reduced, also, the pilot hole P When the maximum hole diameter Z ₁ exceeds 90% of the maximum outer diameter Y ₂ of the stirring pin B2, region plastically fluidized decreases becomes less generation of frictional heat generated by the stirring pin B2, since the heat input is reduced As a result, the load at the time of moving the main rotating tool B for bonding increases, and defects tend to occur.

Incidentally, when the excessively large depth Z ₂ of the prepared hole P1, since the time required for machining of the prepared hole P1 becomes longer, the depth Z ₂ of the prepared hole P1, rather than the length L ₁ of the stirring pin B2 Although it is desirable to reduce, if the depth Z ₂ of the prepared hole P1 is below 70% of the length L ₁ of the stirring pin B2, there is a possibility that the degree of reduction press-in resistance is decreased, also the lower hole P1 If the depth Z ₂ is greater than 90% of the length L ₁ of the stirring pin B2, region plastically fluidized decreases becomes less generation of frictional heat generated by the stirring pin B2, since the heat input is reduced, The load when moving the main rotating tool B for bonding increases, and defects are likely to occur. Therefore, the depth _{Z 2} of the prepared hole P should preferably be 70 to 90% of the length _{L 1} of the stirring pin B2.

  In addition, if the volume of the pilot hole P1 is larger than necessary, the plastic fluidizing region is reduced, and the press-fitting resistance when the agitating pin B2 is press-fitted may increase. However, if the volume of the pilot hole P1 is less than 40% of the volume of the stirring pin B2, there is a possibility that the degree of reduction of the press-fit resistance is lowered, and the volume of the pilot hole P1. If the volume exceeds 80% of the volume of the stirring pin B2, the amount of frictional heat generated by the stirring pin B2 is reduced, the plastic fluidized region is reduced, and the heat input is reduced. The load at the time of carrying out becomes large, and it becomes easy to generate | occur | produce a defect. Therefore, the volume of the pilot hole P1 is desirably 40 to 80% of the volume of the stirring pin B2.

In addition, in this embodiment, although the case where the diameter of the hole H1 of the stirring pin A2 (see (a) of FIG. 2) of the rotary tool A for temporary joining is enlarged to be the prepared hole P1 is illustrated, the maximum outer diameter X ₂ is larger than the minimum outer diameter Y ₃ of the stirring pin B2 rotary tool B for the joint, and than the maximum outer diameter Y ₂ of the maximum outer diameter X ₂ is stirring pin B2 of the stirring pin A2 In the case of a small size (Y ₃ <X ₂ <Y ₂ ), the punch hole H1 of the stirring pin A2 may be used as the prepared hole P1 as it is.

(3) First main joining process:
The first main joining step is a step of joining the abutting portions J1 of the metal members 1 and 1 in earnest. In the first main joining step according to the present embodiment, the main joining rotary tool B shown in FIG. 2B is used, and the front surface 12 side of the metal member 1 with respect to the abutting portion J1 in a temporarily joined state. Friction stir.

In a first main bonding step, as shown in (a) ~ (c) of FIG. 5, the stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B inserted (press-fitted) into the prepared hole P1 formed in the start position S _M1 Then, the inserted stirring pin B2 is moved to the end position E _M1 without being removed halfway. That is, in the first main joining step, the friction stirring is started from the pilot hole P1, and the friction stirring is continuously performed up to the end position E _M1 . In this embodiment, the friction stir start position S _M1 is provided on the second tab member 3 and the end position E _M1 is provided on the first tab member 2, but the positions of the start position S _M1 and the end position E _M1 are provided. It is not intended to limit.

The first main joining process will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the main welding rotary tool B is positioned immediately above the pilot hole P1 (start position S _M1 ), and then the main welding rotary tool B is rotated while rotating clockwise. The tip of the stirring pin B2 is inserted into the prepared hole P1. When the stirring pin B2 enters the pilot hole P1, the peripheral surface (side surface) of the stirring pin B2 comes into contact with the hole wall of the pilot hole P1, and the metal fluidizes plastically from the hole wall. In such a state, since the stirring pin B2 is press-fitted while pushing the plastic fluidized metal away from the peripheral surface of the stirring pin B2, it is possible to reduce the press-fitting resistance in the initial press-fitting stage. Since the agitating pin B2 comes into contact with the hole wall of the pilot hole P1 before the shoulder B1 of the main rotating tool B comes into contact with the surface 32 of the second tab member 3, plastic heat is generated. It is possible to shorten the time until. That is, it is possible to reduce the load on the friction stirrer, and in addition, it is possible to shorten the work time required for the main joining.

The rotational speed (rotational speed at the time of insertion) of the main welding rotary tool B when the stirring pin B2 of the main welding rotary tool B is inserted into the friction stirring start position S _M1 is the size / shape of the stirring pin B2, friction is intended to be set according to the material and thickness of such a metal member 1 to be agitated like, many cases, be set within the range of seventy to seven hundred (rpm), the friction stir from the start position S _M1 It is desirable that the rotational speed of the main welding rotary tool B when moving the main welding rotary tool B toward the end position E _M1 (the rotational speed at the time of movement) is higher. In this case, compared with the case where the rotational speed at the time of insertion is the same as the rotational speed at the time of movement, the time required until the metal is plastically fluidized is shortened, so that the stirring pin B2 is inserted at the start position S _M1 . It becomes possible to work quickly.

  In addition, if the rotational speed at the time of insertion of the rotation tool B for main joining is larger than 3.0 times the rotational speed at the time of movement, the amount of heat input to the metal increases, and the metal temperature rises more than necessary. In addition, if the rotational speed at the time of insertion becomes less than 1.5 times the rotational speed at the time of movement, the effect of shortening the working time is reduced. Is preferably 1.5 to 3.0 times faster than the rotational speed during movement.

The insertion speed (lowering speed) of the main rotating tool B for welding is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin B2, the material and thickness of the member on which the start position _SM1 is provided, In this case, it is set within a range of 5 to 60 (mm / min).

  When the entire stirring pin B2 enters the second tab member 3 and the entire lower end surface B11 of the shoulder portion B1 comes into contact with the surface 32 of the second tab member 3, as shown in FIG. The main rotating tool B is relatively moved toward one end of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1 while stirring, and further, the abutting portion J3 is traversed to enter the abutting portion J1. When the rotating tool B for main joining is moved, the metal around the stirring pin B2 is plastically fluidized at the same time, and the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again and plasticized at a position away from the stirring pin B2. A region W1 (hereinafter referred to as “front side plasticized region W1”) is formed.

  The moving speed (feeding speed) of the rotating tool B for welding is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin B2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 and the like that are frictionally stirred, In this case, it is set within a range of 30 to 300 (mm / min). When the main rotating tool B is moved, the axis of the shoulder B1 may be slightly inclined to the rear side in the traveling direction with respect to the vertical line. The direction of the joining rotary tool B can be easily changed, and complicated movement is possible.

  When there is a possibility that the amount of heat input to the metal member 1 may be excessive, it is desirable to cool the main member rotating tool B by supplying water from the surface 12 side. In addition, when cooling water enters between the metal members 1 and 1, there is a possibility that an oxide film is generated on the joint surface (side surface 11). However, in this embodiment, a temporary joining process is performed to perform the metal members 1 and 1. Since the joint between them is closed, it is difficult for cooling water to enter between the metal members 1 and 1, and therefore there is no possibility of deteriorating the quality of the joint.

At the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, a friction stir route is set on the joint of the metal members 1 and 1 (on the movement trajectory in the temporary joining step), and the main rotating tool B is relatively moved along the route. By moving, friction stir is continuously performed from one end of the abutting portion J1 to the other end. When the main rotating tool B is relatively moved to the other end of the abutting portion J1, the abutting portion J2 is moved across the abutting portion J2 while performing frictional stirring, and is moved relative to the end position E _M1 as it is.

In the present embodiment, the friction stir start position S _M1 is set on the extended line of the joint (boundary line) of the metal members 1 and 1 appearing on the surface 12 side of the metal member 1, so that the first main joining is performed. The route of friction stirring in the process can be made straight. If the route of the friction stirrer is made straight, the moving distance of the main welding rotary tool B can be minimized, so that the first main welding process can be efficiently performed. It becomes possible to reduce the wear amount of the tool B.

When the main welding rotary tool B reaches the end position E _M1 , as shown in FIG. 5C, the main welding rotary tool B is raised while rotating and the stirring pin B <b> 2 is moved to the end position E _M1 (FIG. 5). (See (b)). If the stirring pin B2 is separated upward at the end position E _M1 , a punch hole Q1 having substantially the same shape as the stirring pin B2 is unavoidably formed, but in this embodiment, it is left as it is.

The rotational speed of the main welding rotary tool B when the stirring pin B2 of the main welding rotary tool B is detached from the end position _EM1 (the rotational speed at the time of separation) may be higher than the rotational speed at the time of movement. desirable. In this case, the separation resistance of the stirring pin B2 becomes smaller than when the rotational speed at the time of separation is the same as the rotational speed at the time of movement, so that the work of removing the stirring pin B2 at the end position E _M1 can be performed quickly. Can be done.

  In addition, if the rotational speed at the time of detachment of the rotating tool B for main joining is larger than 3.0 times the rotational speed at the time of movement, the amount of heat input to the metal increases, and the metal temperature rises more than necessary. In addition, if the rotational speed at the time of detachment is less than 1.5 times the rotational speed at the time of movement, the effect of shortening the working time is reduced. Is preferably 1.5 to 3.0 times faster than the rotational speed during movement.

The disengagement speed (rising speed) of the main rotating tool B is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin B2, the material and thickness of the member on which the starting position _SM1 is provided, In this case, it is set within a range of 5 to 60 (mm / min).

(4) First repair process:
The first repairing step is a step of performing frictional stirring on the front side plasticizing region W1 formed on the metal member 1 by the first main joining step, and may be included in the front side plasticizing region W1. This is done for the purpose of repairing certain bonding defects.

  In the first repair process according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, at least the first repair region R1 and the second repair region R2 in the front side plasticized region W1. And friction stirring is performed with respect to 3rd repair area | region R3.

  Friction stirring with respect to the first repair region R1 is performed for the purpose of dividing a tunnel defect that may be formed along the traveling direction of the main rotating tool B for welding. If the rotation tool B for this welding is rotated to the right, there is a risk that a tunnel defect will occur on the left side in the traveling direction, and if it is rotated to the left, a tunnel defect may occur on the right side in the traveling direction. In the present embodiment in which the main joining rotary tool B is rotated to the right, the first repair region R1 is set so as to include at least the upper portion of the front plasticizing region W1 located on the left side in the traveling direction in plan view. Good.

Friction agitation with respect to the second repair region R2 is performed by the oxide film (the side surface 14 of the metal member 1 and the first tab member 2 of the metal member 1 being wound on the front side plasticizing region W1 when the main rotating tool B crosses the abutting portion J2. This is performed for the purpose of dividing the oxide film formed on the contact surface 21. If the end position E _M1 of the friction stir in the welding process as in the present embodiment is provided on the first tab member 2, when the main bonding rotating tool B was rotated clockwise in front plastic on the right side of the traveling direction There is a high possibility that an oxide film is caught in the upper part of the plasticizing region W1, and when it is rotated counterclockwise, there is a high possibility that the oxide film is caught in the upper part of the front plasticizing region W1 on the left side in the traveling direction. Therefore, in the present embodiment in which the rotation tool B for main joining is rotated to the right, the front side plasticizing region located on the right side in the traveling direction in plan view in the front side plasticizing region W1 adjacent to the first tab member 2. The second repair region R2 may be set so as to include at least the upper portion of W1. Note that the distance d ₄ from the joint between the metal member 1 and the first tab member 2 to the edge on the metal member 1 side of the second repair region R2 is the maximum outer diameter Y ₂ of the stirring pin B2 of the rotating tool B for welding. It is desirable to make it larger.

Friction stirring with respect to the third repair region R3 is performed by the oxide film (the side surface 14 of the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3 of the metal member 1 being wound on the front side plasticizing region W1 when the main rotating tool B crosses the abutting portion J3. This is performed for the purpose of dividing the oxide film formed on the contact surface 31. If the start position S _M1 of the friction stir in the welding process as in the present embodiment is provided on the second tab member 3, when this joining rotation tool B was rotated clockwise in front plastic to the left of the traveling direction There is a high possibility that an oxide film is caught in the upper part of the plasticizing region W1, and when it is rotated counterclockwise, there is a high possibility that the oxide film is caught in the upper part of the front plasticizing region W1 on the right side in the traveling direction. since, in this embodiment the present bonding rotating tool B was rotated clockwise, out of the front side plasticized region W1 adjacent to the second tab member 3, the front side plasticized located on the left side in the traveling direction in a plan view The third repair region R3 may be set so as to include at least the upper portion of the region W1. The maximum outer diameter Y ₂ of the distance d ₅ is stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B from the seam of the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3 to the edge of the third metallic member 1 side of the repaired region R3 It is desirable to make it larger.

  In the first repairing process according to the present embodiment, friction agitation is performed using a repairing rotating tool C smaller than the main joining rotating tool B. If it does in this way, it will become possible to prevent that a plasticization area | region spreads more than necessary.

  The repair rotary tool C is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 1, such as tool steel, like the temporary joining rotary tool A, and as shown in FIG. 6B, the shoulder C1 having a cylindrical shape. And a stirring pin (probe) C2 projecting from the lower end surface of the shoulder C1.

The stirring pin C2 hangs down from the lower end surface of the shoulder portion C1, and in this embodiment, the stirring pin C2 is formed in a tapered truncated cone shape. In addition, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin C2. The joining defect due to the main rotating tool B shown in FIG. 2 (b) is often formed in the range from the upper end of the stirring pin B2 to 1/3. The length is preferably 1/3 or more of the length L ₁ (see FIG. 2B) of the stirring pin B2 of the main rotating tool B for bonding, but when it becomes larger than 1/2, it becomes plasticized. Since there is a possibility that the area may be unnecessarily widened, it is desirable to set it to ½ or less. In addition, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the magnitude | size of the maximum outer diameter (upper end diameter) and minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter) of the stirring pin C2, in this embodiment, the maximum of the stirring pin B2 of the rotation tool B for this connection, respectively. It is smaller than the outer diameter (upper end diameter) Y ₂ and the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) Y _3.

In the first repair process, the repair rotary tool C may be detached every time frictional stirring for one repair area is completed, or a repair rotary tool C having a different form for each repair area may be used. However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the first repair rotation tool C is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing movement trajectory (bead), so that the first repair region R1 and the second repair are performed. Friction stirring is continuously performed on the region R2 and the third repair region R3. That is, in the first repairing process according to the present embodiment, the end without the start position of the friction stir S for repairing and inserted into the _R rotation tool C of the stirring pin C2 (see (b) of FIG. 6) is detached in the middle It is moved to a position _{E R.} In the present embodiment, provided with a starting position S _R of the friction stir in the first tab member 2, the end position E _R provided on the second tab member 3, the second repairing region R2, the first repairing region R1 , illustrate the case where the friction stir in the order of the third repair area R3, are not intended to limit the order of the position and the friction stir start position S _R and the end position E _R.

The friction stir procedure in the first repair process will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
First, insert the ((b) see Figure 6) first tab member start position provided in place of the 2 S _R in repairing rotating tool C of the stirring pin C2 (press-fitting) to the start of friction stir, second Friction stirring is performed on the repair region R2.

The rotational speed and the insertion speed (lowering speed) when inserting the repairing rotating tool C to start position S _R, the size and shape of the stirring pin C2, material and thickness such as metal member 1 to be friction stir However, in many cases, the rotation speed is set within a range of 300 to 2000 (rpm), and the insertion speed is set within a range of 30 to 60 (mm / min).

  Further, the moving speed (feeding speed) of the repair rotary tool C is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin C2, the material and thickness of the metal member 1 etc. that are frictionally stirred, In the case of, it is set within a range of 100 to 1000 (mm / min). The rotational speed when the repair rotary tool C is moved is the same as or lower than the rotational speed at the time of insertion.

  When friction stir is performed on the second repair region R2, the oxide film on the side surface 14 of the metal member 1 and the contact surface 21 of the first tab member 2 becomes the front plasticization region W1 (see FIG. 6B). ), The oxide film can be divided. Therefore, even in the front side plasticized region W1 adjacent to the first tab member 2, it is difficult to generate a bonding defect. When the second repair region R2 is larger than the region where friction stirring can be performed with the repair rotary tool C, the repair rotary tool C may be U-turned several times while shifting the friction stirring route. .

  When the friction agitation with respect to the second repair region R2 is completed, the repair rotary tool C is moved to the first repair region R1 without being detached, and along the friction agitation route in the first main joining step described above. Friction stirring is performed continuously. In this way, even when tunnel defects are continuously formed along the friction stir route in the main joining process, it is possible to reliably divide the tunnel defects, so that it is difficult for joint defects to occur. Become.

  When the friction agitation with respect to the first repair region R1 is completed, the repair rotary tool C is moved to the third repair region R3 without being detached, and friction agitation is performed with respect to the third repair region R3. If it does in this way, even if it is a case where the oxide film in the side surface 14 of the metal member 1 and the contact surface 31 of the 2nd tab material 3 is wound in the front side plasticization area | region W1 (refer FIG.6 (b)). Since the oxide film can be divided, bonding defects are less likely to occur in the front side plasticized region W1 adjacent to the second tab member 3. When the third repair region R3 is larger than the region where friction stirring can be performed with the repair rotating tool C, the repair rotating tool C may be turned several times while shifting the friction stirring route. .

Third After friction stir termination for repairing region R3, to move the repairing rotating tool C to the end position E _R, repairing rotating tool C is raised while rotating the stirring pin C2 (shown in FIG. 6 (b) see ) is detached from the end position _{E R.}

The rotational speed and the desorption rate (increase rate) when disengaging the repairing rotating tool C from the end position E _R, the size and shape of the stirring pin C2, material and thickness such as metal member 1 to be friction stir However, in many cases, the rotation speed is set within a range of 300 to 2000 (rpm), and the separation speed is set within a range of 30 to 60 (mm / min). The rotational speed at the time of removal of the repair rotary tool C is the same as or higher than the rotational speed at the time of movement.

(5) First transverse repair process:
The first transverse repair process is also a process of performing frictional stirring on the front side plasticized region W1 formed on the metal member 1 by the first main joining step, and may be included in the front side plasticized region W1. This is done for the purpose of breaking a certain tunnel defect.

  In the first transverse repair process according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the transverse rotation tool D is moved so as to traverse the front side plasticization region W1 a plurality of times, so that the front side plasticization region W1 is moved. And friction stir. That is, in the first transverse repair process, the friction stir route is set so as to traverse the front plasticization region W1 a plurality of times. In this way, even if a tunnel defect is formed along the front-side plasticized region W1, the tunnel defect can be divided with sufficient certainty.

  In the first transverse repair process, the friction stir route is a plurality of plasticized regions (hereinafter referred to as “replasticized regions”) W3, W3,... Formed in the front side plasticized region W1. The friction stir route in the process (that is, the center line of the front side plasticizing region W1) is set so as to be separated from each other.

  The friction stir route in the first transverse repair process is provided with a plurality of intersecting routes F1 crossing the front side plasticizing region W1 and a transition route F2 connecting the same ends of the adjacent intersecting routes F1, F1. It has been. That is, the friction stir route in the first transverse repair process starts from the side of the front side plasticization region W1 and is set to go to the opposite side across the front side plasticization region W1. Starting from the end point e10 of the intersection route F1, a transition route F2 set along the friction stir route (the joint of the metal members 1 and 1) in the first main joining process, and an end point s10 of the transition route F2 And at least a second intersection route F1 set so as to go to the opposite side across the front plasticizing region W1.

  The intersection route F1 is a friction stir route set so as to cross the front side plasticization region W1, and in the present embodiment, is perpendicular to the friction stir route in the first main joining step. The start point s10 and the end point e10 of the intersection route F1 are located on the side of the front side plasticization region W1, and face each other with the front side plasticization region W1 interposed therebetween.

The positions of the start point s10 and the end point e10 of the intersection route F1 are preferably set to positions where the entire transverse rotary tool D exits from the front side plasticization region W1, but it is more than necessary from the front side plasticization region W1. When the position is set, the moving distance of the transverse rotation tool D increases. In this embodiment, the distance from the start point s10 to the side edge of the front side plasticization region W1 and the end point from the side edge of the front side plasticization region W1. The distance to e10 is set to a position equal to half the outer diameter X ₄ (see FIG. 9) of the shoulder portion D2 of the transverse rotating tool D. In other words, the length of the cross route F1 (Distance from starting point s10 to the end point e10) is to the width _{d 6} of the front plasticized region W1, equal to the value obtained by adding the outside diameter _{X 4} of the shoulder portion D2. Incidentally, since the width d ₉ of the plasticized region formed by the transverse rotation tool D is substantially equal to the outer diameter X ₄ of the shoulder portion D2, the length of the intersection route F1 is the width of the front plasticizing region W1. It becomes substantially equal to the value obtained by adding the width d ₉ of the plasticized region formed by the transverse rotary tool D to the dimension d ₆ .

The separation distance d ₇ between the adjacent intersecting routes F1, F1 is such that the replasticization regions W3, W3,... On the friction stir route (that is, the center line of the front plasticizing region W1) in the first main joining process are mutually different. The size is set so as to be separated. Incidentally, the distance d ₈ of the re-plasticized region W3, W3 Adjacent than the width d ₉ of re-plasticized region W3, more preferably it is desirable to secure more than twice the width dimension d _9.

The transition route F2 is a friction stir route from the end point e10 of one cross route F1 to the start point s10 of the other cross route F1 located on the friction stir end position E _C side from the cross route F1. In the form, it is provided on the right side or the left side of the front side plasticizing region W1, and is parallel to the route of friction stirring in the first main joining step.

The transition route F2 is desirably set at a position such that the plasticized region W4 formed by moving the transverse rotation tool D along the transition route F2 contacts the side edge of the front-side plasticized region W1. In the present embodiment, as described above, the distance between the end point e10 of the intersection route F1 that is the start point of the transition route F2 and the side edge of the front side plasticized region W1, and the start point of the intersection route F1 that is the end point of the transition route F2. the distance between the side edges of s10 and front plasticized region W1 is because is equal to the half of the plasticized region width d ₉ of which are formed by respectively traversing rotating tool D, plasticized region W4 is necessarily In addition, the side edge of the front side plasticized region W1 comes into contact.

The procedure of friction stirring in the first transverse repair process will be described in detail.
In the present embodiment, the above-described repair rotary tool C (see FIG. 6) is used as the transverse rotary tool D, and the detailed description thereof is omitted. Further, since the rotation speed, insertion speed, movement speed, separation speed, and the like of the transverse rotation tool D are the same as those of the repair rotation tool C, detailed description thereof is omitted.

In this embodiment, the traversing rotating tool D one, is moved in a zigzag shape so as to form a one-stroke movement locus (bead), continuously from the start position S _C of the friction stir to the end position E _C And friction stir. That is moved to the end position E _C without disengaging stirring pin D2 of traversing rotating tool D which has been inserted into the start position S _C of the friction stirring (see FIG. 9) in the middle. It should be noted that the crossing rotary tool D may be detached every time the front side plasticizing region W1 is crossed. Further, in the present embodiment, provided with a start position S _C of the friction stir the metal member 1, illustrate the case in which the end position E _C in the second tab member 3, the start position S _C and the end position E _C It is not intended to limit the position of.

The procedure of friction stirring in the first transverse repair process will be described in more detail.
In a first transverse repairing step, first, inserting the stirring pin D2 (see FIG. 9) of the traversing rotating tool D to the start position S _C provided in place of the metal member 1 (press-fit) to the start of friction stir, Friction stirring is continuously performed along the first intersection route F1.

  When the crossing rotation tool D is moved along the intersection route F1, the metal at the upper part of the front side plasticizing region W1 is frictionally stirred again (see FIG. 9). Therefore, in the first repair process described above, Tunnel defects that could not be divided or tunnel defects formed at a position outside the friction stir route in the first repair process can be divided with sufficient certainty.

  When the crossing rotation tool D reaches the end point e10 of the first intersection route F1, the moving direction of the crossing rotation tool D is changed to the direction along the friction stir route in the main joining process, and along the transition route F2. Move. In other words, the transverse rotary tool D is moved as it is along the transition route F2 without being detached at the end point e10, and the friction stirring is continuously performed on the metal on the side of the front side plasticizing region W1. In this embodiment, since the transfer route F2 is parallel to the friction stir route in the first main joining step, the distance of the transfer route F2 is shorter than when the transfer route F2 is inclined.

  When the crossing rotation tool D reaches the start point s10 of the second intersection route F1, the moving direction of the crossing rotation tool D is changed to a direction crossing the front plasticizing region W1, and the crossing rotation tool D is separated. Without moving, it is moved along the second crossing route F1 as it is, and the friction stir is continuously performed on the front side plasticizing region W1.

Repeating a process as described above, rise After traversing rotating tool D reaches the end point e10 of the last crossing routes F1, moves the traversing rotating tool D to the end position E _C, while rotating the traversing rotating tool D It is allowed to disengage the stirring pin D2 (see FIG. 9) from the end position E _C.

As described above, if the plurality of replasticization regions W3, W3,... Are separated from each other on the friction stir route in the first main joining step, a replasticization region is formed in the entire front side plasticization region W1. Compared to the case, the number of crossings and the number of direction changes of the crossing rotary tool D are reduced. As a result, the total length of the friction stir route in the first crossing repair process is shortened. There is no waste in movement, and as a result, tunnel defects can be efficiently divided. Particularly in this embodiment, the distance d ₈ of the re-plasticized region W3, W3 adjacent, since the width d ₉ or more re-plasticized region W3, more waste is eliminated by the movement of the traversing rotating tool D.

Note that a rotating tool different from the repairing rotating tool C may be used as the transverse rotating tool D, but even in this case, it is desirable that the rotating tool be smaller than the main rotating tool B shown in FIG. Further, since the tunnel defect due to the rotating tool B for main joining is often formed in the range from the upper end of the stirring pin to 1/3, the length of the stirring pin of the transverse rotating tool D is the same as that for main joining. it is desirable that the rotating stirring pin tool B B2 (see FIG. 2) 1/3 or more the length L ₁ of the larger than 1/2, since the plasticized region there is a risk to spread more than necessary, It is desirable to make it 1/2 or less.

  When the first transverse repair process is completed, burrs generated by friction stir in the first preliminary process, the first main joining process, the first repair process, and the first transverse repair process are removed, and further, FIG. As shown in (a), the metal members 1 and 1 are turned over, and the back surface 13 is turned up.

(6) Second preliminary process:
The second preliminary step is a step carried out prior to the second of the welding process, in the present embodiment, the lower hole to form a prepared hole P2 to the starting position S _M2 friction stir in the second of the welding process Forming step. In addition, you may include an above described 1st tab material joining process, a temporary joining process, and a 2nd tab material joining process in a 2nd preliminary | backup process.

(7) Second main joining process:
The second main joining step is a step of joining the abutting portions J1 of the metal members 1 and 1 in earnest. In the second main joining step according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the main joining rotary tool B used in the first main joining step is used, and a butt portion Friction stirring is performed on J1 from the back surface 13 side of the metal member 1.

In the second main joining step, the stirring pin B2 of the main welding rotating tool B is inserted (press-fitted) into the pilot hole P2 (start position S _M2 ) provided in the second tab member 3, and the inserted stirring pin B2 is inserted in the middle. _Is moved to the end position E _M2 provided on the first tab member 2 without being separated. That is, in the second main joining step, friction stirring is started from the pilot hole P2, and friction stirring is continuously performed up to the end position _EM2 .

The second main joining process will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
First, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), the main welding rotary tool B is positioned directly above the pilot hole P2, and then the main welding rotary tool B is lowered while rotating clockwise to rotate the stirring pin B2. Insert the tip into the pilot hole P2. The rotational speed at the time of insertion of the main welding rotary tool B is preferably higher than the rotational speed at the time of movement of the main welding rotary tool B, as in the case of the first main welding process described above. .

  When the entire stirring pin B2 enters the second tab member 3 and the entire lower end surface B11 of the shoulder portion B1 comes into contact with the surface of the second tab member 3, friction stirring is performed as shown in FIG. The rotating tool B for welding is relatively moved toward one end of the abutting portion J of the metal members 1 and 1 while performing the above. When the rotating tool B for main joining is moved, the metal around the stirring pin B2 is plastically fluidized at the same time, and the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again and plasticized at a position away from the stirring pin B2. A region W2 (hereinafter referred to as “back side plasticized region W2”) is formed. In the present embodiment, since the same main joining rotary tool B is used in the first main joining step and the second main joining step, the cross-sectional area of the back side plasticizing region W2 is the same as that of the front side plasticizing region W1. It is equivalent to the cross-sectional area. As in the case of the first main joining step, when moving the main welding rotating tool B, the axis of the shoulder B1 may be slightly inclined backward in the traveling direction with respect to the vertical line. Although it is good, if it makes it vertical without making it incline, the direction change of this rotation tool B for joining will become easy, and a complicated motion will be attained. Further, when there is a possibility that the amount of heat input to the metal member 1 becomes excessive, it is desirable to cool by supplying water from the back surface 13 around the rotary tool B for bonding.

When it reaches one end of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1, 1, the main rotating tool B is relatively moved along the joint of the metal members 1, 1 to continuously stir the other end of the abutting portion J1. Further, relative movement is performed to the end position E _M2 while performing frictional stirring.

When the friction stir is performed on the abutting portion J1, the friction stir is performed while the stirring pin B2 of the main welding rotary tool B is inserted into the front side plasticizing region W1 formed in the first main joining step. In this case, the deep portion of the front side plasticized region W1 formed in the first main joining step is frictionally stirred again by the stirring pin B2, so that the joining defect continues in the deep portion of the front side plasticized region W1. Even if it is formed as a result, it is possible to divide the junction defect and make it discontinuous, thereby improving the air tightness and water tightness at the joint. In the present embodiment, the length _{L 1} of the stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B is because it is set so as to satisfy the relationship of 1.01 ≦ _2L 1 /t≦1.10 (2 (See (b)), the stirring pin B2 surely enters the front side plasticizing region W1 only by moving the main rotating tool B along the joint between the metal members 1 and 1.

When the main welding rotary tool B reaches the end position E _M2 , the main welding rotary tool B is raised while rotating to disengage the stirring pin B2 from the end position E _M2 (see FIG. 10C). As in the case of the first main joining step described above, it is desirable that the rotational speed when the main joining rotary tool B is detached be higher than the rotational speed during movement.

In addition, when the left hole Q1 left in the first main joining process and the moving route of the main welding rotary tool B in the second main joining process overlap, the plastic fluidized metal flows into the hole Q1, Since a defect may occur, the friction stirring end position E _M2 (punch hole Q2) in the second main joining step is provided at a position away from the punch hole Q1, and the second so as to avoid the punch hole Q1. It is desirable to set a friction stirring route in the main joining step and move the stirring pin B2 of the main welding rotary tool B along the route.

Further, even when the stirring pin B2 of the rotary tool B for main joining used in the second main joining process does not pass through the through hole Q1 in the first main joining process, if the separation distance is small, it is plastic. Since the fluidized metal is pushed out into the hole Q1 and a joining defect may occur, more preferably, the friction stirring end position E _M1 in the first main joining step and the second main joining step the shortest distance d ₁ in a plan view of the movement trajectory of the joining rotation tool B (terminated in this embodiment the position E _M2), it is desirable to equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the shoulder portion B1 of the joining rotation tool B .

  If the second main joining process is performed using the main joining rotary tool B used in the first main joining process as in the present embodiment, the work efficiency can be improved and the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of the front side plasticized region W1 and the cross-sectional area of the back side plasticized region W2 are equal, the quality of the joint becomes uniform, but the first main joining step and the second There is no problem even if a rotating tool for main bonding having a different form from that of the main bonding process is used.

When the rotary tool for main joining having different forms is used in the first main joining process and the second main joining process, for example, as shown in FIGS. the sum of the lengths L ₂ of the 'stirring pin B2' of length L ₁ of the stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B and the second rotating tool B for the bonding used in this bonding process the used in the step, butting portion It is desirable to set it to the thickness t or more of the metal member 1 in J1. Needless to say, the lengths L ₁ and L _{2 of} the stirring pins B2 and B2 ′ are each less than the wall thickness t. By doing so, the deep part of the front side plasticized region W1 formed in the first main joining step is again frictionally stirred by the stirring pin B2 ′ of the main welding rotary tool B ′ used in the second main joining step. Therefore, even if the joint defect is continuously formed in the deep part of the front side plasticized region W1, the joint defect can be divided and made discontinuous. And water tightness can be improved.

More preferably, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the lengths L ₁ and L ₂ of the stirring pins B2 and B2 ′ of the main rotating tools B and B ′ are respectively set as follows. It is desirable to set it to 1/2 or more of the thickness t of the metal member 1 at the abutting portion J1, and it is desirable to set it to 3/4 or less of the thickness t. When the lengths L ₁ and L ₂ of the stirring pins B 2 and B 2 ′ are set to ½ or more of the wall thickness t, the front side plasticization region W 1 and the back side plasticization region W 2 are centered in the thickness direction of the metal member 1. And the difference between the cross-sectional area of the front-side plasticized region W1 and the cross-sectional area of the back-side plasticized region W2 becomes small, so that the quality of the joint becomes uniform and the length L of the stirring pins B2 and B2 ′ _1, the L _2, is set to 3/4 or less of the thickness t, since the backing material is not necessary when performing friction stir, it is possible to improve work efficiency.

More preferably, the lengths L ₁ and L ₂ of the stirring pins B2 and B2 ′ may be set so as to satisfy the relationship of 1.01 ≦ (L ₁ + L ₂ ) /t≦1.10. If (L ₁ + L ₂ ) / t is set to 1.01 or more, even if the metal member 1 has a dimensional tolerance or the like, in the second main joining step, the agitating pin B2 ′ is surely attached to the front side plasticizing region. It becomes possible to enter W1. If (L ₁ + L ₂ ) / t is larger than 1.10, each rotary tool becomes larger than necessary and the load applied to the friction stirrer increases, but (L ₁ + L ₂ ) / t becomes 1 If it is set to 10 or less, the load applied to the friction stirrer becomes small.

(8) Second repair process:
The second repairing step is a step of performing frictional stirring on the back side plasticized region W2 formed on the metal member 1 by the second main joining step, and may be included in the back side plasticized region W2. This is done for the purpose of repairing certain bonding defects. The second repair process is the same as the first repair process described above except that the friction stirring is performed from the back surface 13 side of the metal member 1, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

(9) Second transverse repair process:
The second transverse repair process is a process of performing frictional stirring on the back side plasticized region W2 formed on the metal member 1 by the second main joining step, and may be included in the back side plasticized region W2. This is done for the purpose of breaking a certain tunnel defect. The second transverse repair process is the same as the first transverse repair process described above except that the friction stirring is performed from the back surface 13 side of the metal member 1, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  When the second transverse repair process is completed, burrs generated by friction stir in the second preliminary process, the second main joining process, the second repair process, and the second transverse repair process are removed. The tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are excised.

  Even when the extremely thick metal members 1 and 1 having a thickness exceeding 40 (mm) are joined through the steps (1) to (9) as described above, the airtightness at the joined portion is obtained. And water tightness can be improved.

[Modification]
Note that the procedure and the like in the first embodiment described above may be changed as appropriate.
For example, in the first tab material joining step described above, the start point s2 and the end point of the first tab material joining step are such that the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the rotating tool A for temporary joining rotated to the right. Although the position of e2 is set (see FIG. 4), the present invention is not limited to this, and the position of the end point e2 shown in FIG. 4 is taken as the turning point, and the position of the start point s1 of the temporary joining step shown in FIG. It is good also as an end point of a tab material joining process. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, while providing the starting point s2 and the turning point m2 on the joint of the metal member 1 and the 1st tab material 2, the starting point of the temporary joining process between the starting point s2 and the turning point m2 With s1 as the end point e2, the temporary joining rotary tool may be moved from the start point s2 to the turning point m2, and then moved from the turning point m2 to the end point e2, so that frictional stirring may be performed on the abutting portion J2.

  In this way, it is not necessary to set the friction stir route from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process to the start point s1 of the temporary joining process in the first tab material 2, and thus the moving distance of the temporary joining rotary tool A Can be minimized. That is, the first tab material joining step can be performed efficiently, and further, the wear amount of the temporary joining rotary tool A can be reduced.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the right, the metal members 1 and 1 are located on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A at least in the friction stir route from the starting point s2 to the turning point m2. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s2, the turning point m2, and the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step so as to be positioned. Incidentally, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, although not shown in the drawing, at least in the route of friction stirring from the starting point to the turning point, a metal member is placed on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point, the turning point, and the end point of the first tab material joining step so that 1 and 1 are located.

  Similarly, also in the above-described second tab material joining step, the starting point s3 of the second tab material joining step is set so that the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the right side in the advancing direction of the rotating tool A for temporary joining rotated clockwise. Although the position of the end point e3 is set (see FIG. 4), the present invention is not limited to this, and the start point s3 of the second tab material joining step shown in FIG. 4 starts from the end point s1 of the temporary joining step shown in FIG. The position of may be used as the turning point. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the turning point m3 and the end point e3 are provided on the joint between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3, and the end point e1 of the temporary joining step between the turning point m3 and the end point e3. May be used as the starting point s3, and the temporary joining rotary tool A may be moved from the starting point s3 to the turning point m3 and then moved from the turning point m3 to the ending point e3 to perform friction stirring on the abutting portion J3.

  This eliminates the need to set the friction stir route from the end point e1 of the temporary joining process to the start point s3 of the second tab material joining process in the second tab material 3, so that the temporary joining rotary tool A moves. The distance can be minimized. That is, the second tab material joining step can be efficiently performed, and further, the wear amount of the temporary joining rotary tool A can be reduced.

  Note that when the temporary welding rotary tool A is rotated to the right, at least in the friction stir route from the turning point m3 to the end point e3, the metal members 1 and 1 are on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary welding rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s3, the turning point m3, and the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step so as to be positioned. Incidentally, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, although not shown in the drawing, at least in the route of frictional stirring from the turning point to the end point, a metal member is placed on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point, the turning point and the end point of the second tab material joining step so that 1 and 1 are located.

  In the above-described repair process, friction stir was performed on the first repair region R1, the second repair region R2, and the third repair region R3 (see FIG. 7). Friction stirring may be performed only on the third repair region R3.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, at both ends of the abutting portion J1, the plasticized region (second repair region R2 or third repair region R3) formed in the main joining process is crossed. The repair rotary tool C ′ may be moved to the position. That is, at one end of the abutting portion J1, by moving the repair rotary tool C ′ along the abutting portion J2, friction stir is performed on the second repair region R2, and the other end of the abutting portion J1 is performed. At the end, frictional stirring may be performed on the third repair region R3 by moving the repair rotary tool along the abutting portion J3. Specifically, provided the starting position S _R of the friction stir on one of the metal member 1, that toward the other metal member 1 to move the rotating tool for repair, the friction against the side edges of the metal member 1 What is necessary is just to stir. Even if it does in this way, since the oxide film wound up when this rotation tool B (refer FIG.2 (b)) crosses the abutting part J2 and J3 will be parted, joining with very few joining defects. It becomes possible to obtain a body.

In addition, when performing the friction stir along the abutting portion J2, when the repair rotary tool C ′ is rotated to the right, the route of the friction stir is set so that the first tab member 2 is located on the left side in the traveling direction. When set and rotated counterclockwise as shown, the friction stir route is set so that the first tab member 2 is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction. Similarly, when performing frictional stirring along the abutting portion J3, when the repair rotary tool C ′ is rotated to the right as illustrated, the second tab member 3 is positioned on the left side in the traveling direction. When the friction stir route is set and rotated counterclockwise, the friction stir route is set so that the second tab member 3 is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction. In either case, the end position E _R of the friction stir, as vent holes of the stirring pin for repairing rotating tool C 'does not remain on the metal members 1, 1, the first tab member 2 or the second tab member 3 It is good to provide.

  In the above-described transverse repair process, the case where the crossing route F1 which is a part of the friction stir route is orthogonal to the friction stir route in the main joining step is illustrated (see FIG. 8), but the crossing route F1 shown in FIG. It may be crossed like '.

The friction stir route in the transverse repair process shown in FIG. 14 is also arranged such that the plurality of replasticization regions W3, W3,... Are separated from each other on the friction stir route in the main joining step (center line of the plasticization region W1). Although set, the transition route F2 shown in FIG. 8 is omitted, and a plurality of intersection routes F1 ′, F1 ′,. Incidentally, preferably, the distance d ₈ on the center line of the plasticized region W1 of the re-plasticized region W3, W3 adjacent, the width of the re-plasticized region W3 d ₉ or more, more preferably the width d ₉ It is desirable to secure at least twice as large as the above.

  The intersection route F1 'is also set so as to cross the plasticized region W1 formed by the main joining process. The start point (also the end point of the previous cross route F1 ′) s11 and the end point (also the start point of the next cross route F1 ′) e11 are located on the side of the plasticizing region W1. And facing each other with the plasticized region W1 interposed therebetween.

  The start point s11 and the end point e11 of the intersection route F1 ′ are preferably set to positions where the entire crossing rotary tool D exits from the plasticizing region W1, but is set to positions more than necessary from the plasticizing region W1. Then, since the moving distance of the transverse rotary tool D increases, in this embodiment, the distance from the start point s11 to the side edge of the plasticized region W1 and the distance from the side edge of the plasticized region W1 to the end point e11 are as follows. The position is set to be equal to half of the outer diameter of the shoulder portion of the rotating tool D for crossing.

In a first transverse repairing process according to the modified example, first, inserting the stirring pin traversing rotating tool D to the start position S _C provided in place of the metal member 1 (press-fit) to the start of friction stir, one Friction stir is continuously performed along the crossing route F1 ′ of the eyes.

  When the crossing rotation tool D reaches the end point e11 of the first crossing route F1 ', the moving direction of the crossing rotation tool D is changed and moved along the second crossing route F1'. That is, the transverse rotary tool D is moved as it is along the second intersection route F1 'without being detached at the end point e11, and the friction stir is continuously performed on the plasticizing region W1.

Repeating a process as described above, when traversing rotating tool D reaches the end point e11 of the last crossing route F1 ', moves the traversing rotating tool D to the end position E _C, while rotating the traversing rotating tool D It is raised to disengage the stirring pin from the end position E _C and.

  When a plurality of crossing routes F1 ′, F1 ′,... Obliquely intersecting with the plasticized region W1 are continued in a zigzag manner as in the transverse repair process shown in FIG. 14, a transition route is provided (see FIG. 8). ), It is possible to reduce the number of times of turning of the crossing rotary tool D, so that the movement of the crossing rotary tool D eliminates waste, and tunnel defects can be more efficiently divided. .

[Second embodiment]
In the first embodiment described above, the case where the metal members 1 and 1 are joined in a straight line is illustrated, but the above-described method is also applied when the metal members 1 and 1 are joined together in an L shape or a T shape. can do. In addition, below, the case where the metal members 1 and 1 are joined in L shape is illustrated.

  Similarly to the bonding method according to the first embodiment, the bonding method according to the second embodiment is also (1) a preparation step, (2) a first preliminary step, (3) a first main bonding step, (4) 1st repair process, (5) 1st cross repair process, (6) 2nd preliminary process, (7) 2nd main joining process, (8) 2nd repair process, (9) Includes a second cross repair process. The first preliminary process, the first main joining process, the first repair process, and the first transverse repair process are executed from the surface side of the metal member 1, and the second preliminary process, first The second main joining process, the second repair process, and the second transverse repair process are executed from the back side of the metal member 1.

(1) Preparation process:
The preparation process will be described with reference to FIG. In the preparatory process according to the present embodiment, the first tab member 2 and the second tab member 3 are disposed on both sides of the butting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, the butting step of butting the metal members 1 and 1 to be joined. A tab material arranging step and a welding step of temporarily joining the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 to the metal members 1 and 1 by welding.

  In the abutting step, the metal members 1 and 1 to be joined are arranged in an L shape, and the side surface of the other metal member 1 is brought into close contact with the side surface of the one metal member 1.

  In the tab material arranging step, the first tab material 2 is arranged on one end side (outside) of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, and the contact surface 21 of the first tab material 2 (see FIG. 15B). Are brought into contact with the outer side surfaces of the metal members 1 and 1, and the second tab member 3 is arranged on the other end side of the abutting portion J1, so that the contact surfaces 31, 31 (see FIG. b) is brought into contact with the inner side surfaces of the metal members 1 and 1. When the metal members 1 and 1 are combined in an L shape, one of the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 (the second tab material 3 in the present embodiment) is moved by the metal members 1 and 1. It arrange | positions in the formed corner part (corner part formed by the inner side surface of the metal members 1 and 1).

  In the welding process, the corners 2a, 2a formed by the metal member 1 and the first tab material 2 are welded to join the metal member 1 and the first tab material 2, and the metal member 1 and the second tab material. The metal corners 1 a and the second tab member 3 are joined by welding the corners 3 a and 3 a formed by 3.

  When the preparation process is completed, the metal members 1, 1, the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are placed on a frame of a friction stirrer (not shown) and cannot be moved using a jig (not shown) such as a clamp. To be restrained.

(2) First preliminary process:
The first preliminary process includes a first tab material joining step for joining the abutting portion J2 between the metal members 1, 1 and the first tab material 2, and a temporary joining step for temporarily joining the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1, 1. And a second tab material joining step for joining the butted portion J3 of the metal members 1, 1 and the second tab material 3, and a pilot hole formation for forming a pilot hole at the friction stirring start position in the first main joining step Process.

  Also in the first preliminary joining step of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, one temporary joining rotary tool A is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing trajectory (bead). Thus, frictional stirring is continuously performed on the abutting portions J1, J2, and J3.

The procedure of friction stirring in the first preliminary joining step of the present embodiment will be described in more detail.
First, the stirring pin A2 of the provisional joining rotary tool A is inserted into the start position S _P provided in place of the first tab member 2 while the left rotation starts friction stir, the rotating tool A for temporarily joined first Relative movement is made toward the starting point s2 of the tab material joining step.

  When the frictional stirring is continuously performed up to the starting point s2 of the first tab material joining step by relatively moving the temporary tool A for rotating the first tab material, the first tab material joining is performed without removing the temporary joining rotary tool A at the starting point s2. Move to the process.

  In the first tab material joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J2 between the first tab material 2 and the metal members 1 and 1. Specifically, a friction stir route is set on the joint between the metal members 1 and 1 and the second tab member 2, and the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved along the route, so that the abutting portion J2 Friction agitation is performed. In the present embodiment, the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s2 to the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step without causing the temporary joining rotary tool A to be detached.

  In addition, when the rotating tool A for temporary joining is rotated counterclockwise, there is a possibility that a fine joining defect may occur on the right side in the traveling direction. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s2 and the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step so that 1 is located. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joining defect on the metal member 1 side, it becomes possible to obtain a high quality joined body.

  When the rotary tool A for temporary joining reaches the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step, the friction stir is continuously performed to the starting point s1 of the temporary joining step without ending the friction stirring at the end point e2, and the temporary joining step is performed as it is. Transition. In the present embodiment, the friction stir route from the end point e2 of the first tab material joining process to the start point s1 of the temporary joining process is set to the first tab material 2.

  In the temporary joining step, friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1. Specifically, a friction stirring route is set on the joint between the metal members 1 and 1, and the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved along the route to perform friction stirring on the abutting portion J1. . In the present embodiment, the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s1 to the end point e1 of the temporary bonding step without causing the temporary bonding rotary tool A to be detached.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A reaches the end point e1 of the temporary joining process, the process proceeds to the second tab material joining process as it is. That is, the process proceeds to the second tab material joining step without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool A at the end point e1 of the temporary joining step which is also the starting point s3 of the second tab material joining step.

  In the second tab material joining step, friction stirring is performed on the abutting portions J3 and J3 between the metal members 1 and 1 and the second tab material 3. In the present embodiment, since the start point s3 of the second tab material joining step is located in the middle of the abutting portions J3 and J3, it is turned back to the friction stir route from the start point s3 to the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step. After providing the point m3 and moving the temporary joining rotary tool A from the start point s3 to the turning point m3 (see FIG. 16A), the temporary joining rotating tool A is moved from the turning point m3 to the end point e3. (See FIG. 16B), the friction stir is continuously performed from the start point s3 to the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step. That is, after reciprocating the temporary bonding rotary tool A between the start point s3 and the turning point m3, the temporary bonding rotary tool A is moved from the end point e3 to the second tab material joining step from the start point s3 to the end point e3. Friction stirring is performed continuously. The route of friction stirring from the start point s3 to the turning point m3 and the route of friction stirring from the turning point m3 to the end point e3 are set on the joint between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3, respectively.

  There is no particular limitation on the positional relationship between the start point s3, the turning point m3, and the end point e3. However, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise as in this embodiment, at least the friction from the turning point m3 to the end point e3. The positions of the start point s3, the turning point m3, and the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step may be set so that the metal members 1 and 1 are located on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A in the stirring route. desirable. In this case, between the start point s3 and the turning point m3, a friction stir route is set on the joint between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3 in both the forward path and the return path, and the temporary joint rotation is performed along the route. It is desirable to move the tool. In this way, even if the metal member 1 is positioned on the right side in the direction of travel of the temporary bonding rotary tool A between the start point s3 and the turning point m3, and a bonding defect occurs on the metal member 1 side, In the subsequent frictional stirring from the turning point m3 to the end point e3, the metal member 1 is positioned on the left side in the direction of travel of the temporary joining rotary tool A. Therefore, the joining defect is corrected and high-quality joining is performed. The body can be obtained.

  By the way, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the right, the metal members 1 and 1 are positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A in the friction stir route from the turning point to the end point. It is desirable to set the position of the start point, the turning point and the end point of the second tab material joining step. Specifically, although illustration is omitted, a return is provided at the position of the end point e3 when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the left, and the turning point m3 when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the left is provided. An end point may be provided at the position.

As shown in FIG. 16B, when the temporary joining rotary tool A reaches the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step, the friction stir is not finished at the end point e3, and the second tab material 3 is provided. the friction stir continuously carried out to the end position E _P. Upon reaching the temporary joining rotation tool A is the end position E _P, the rotating tool A for temporary joining is raised while rotating disengaging the stirring pin A2 from the end position E _P with.

  Then, a pilot hole formation process is performed. The pilot hole forming step is a step of forming the pilot hole P1 at the friction stirring start position in the first main joining step. In the prepared hole forming step according to the present embodiment, the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3 are formed at the abutting portion J3.

  The formation method of the pilot hole P1 is not limited. For example, it can be formed by rotating and inserting a well-known drill (not shown), but in addition, the stirring pin A2 (see (( It can also be formed by inserting and removing while rotating a rotary tool that is larger than the a) and has a smaller agitation pin B2 than the agitation pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B (see FIG. 2B). it can.

  Further, the position of the pilot hole P1 (that is, the friction stirring start position in the first main joining step) is not limited, and may be formed in the first tab material 2 or the second tab material 3, Although it may be formed on J2, it may be on the extension line of the joint (boundary line) of the metal members 1 and 1 appearing on the surface 12 side of the metal member 1 as in this embodiment, or although not shown, the metal member 1 , 1 at the end of the seam (ie, the end of the abutting portion J1).

When forming the pilot hole P1 on the extension line of the joint of the metal members 1 and 1, as shown in FIG. 17, the friction stirring end position E _P in the first preliminary process is provided on the extension line, The punched hole formed when the agitating pin A2 of the temporary bonding rotary tool A is removed can be used as a prepared hole as it is or the prepared hole can be formed by expanding the diameter of the extracted hole with a drill (not shown). Good. In this way, it is possible to omit or simplify the work for preparing the pilot hole, so that the work time can be shortened.

(3) First main joining process:
When the first preliminary process is completed, a first main joining process for fully joining the abutting portions J1 of the metal members 1 and 1 is executed. In the first main joining step according to the present embodiment, the main joining rotating tool B shown in FIG. 2A is used, and the front side of the metal member 1 with respect to the abutting portion J1 in a temporarily joined state. Friction stirring is performed.

In the first main joining step, first, as shown in FIG. 18, the stirring pin B2 is moved to the start position S _M1 (ie, the pilot hole P1 shown in FIG. ) And start friction stir. In the present embodiment, since the provided starting position S _M1 to butting portion J3 of the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3, when press-fitting the stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B, plastically fluidized Part of the metal flows into a minute gap between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3, and then the dispersion of the plastic fluidized metal into the gap is alleviated. Defects are less likely to occur.

  When the stirring pin B2 of the main rotating tool B is press-fitted into the prepared hole P1, a force acts to separate the metal member 1 and the second tab material 3 from each other, but the metal member 1 and the second tab material 3 Since the corners 3 a and 3 a formed by the above are temporarily joined by welding, no opening is generated between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3.

After the friction stir to one end of the abutting portion J1 of the metal members 1 and 1, the rotary tool B for main joining is directly entered into the abutting portion J1, and the friction stir route set on the joint of the metal members 1 and 1 is entered. The main rotating tool B is relatively moved along with the frictional stirring continuously from one end to the other end of the abutting portion J1. When the main rotating tool B is relatively moved to the other end of the abutting portion J1, the abutting portion J2 is moved across the abutting portion J2 while performing frictional stirring, and is moved relative to the end position E _M1 as it is.

When the main welding rotary tool B reaches the end position E _M1 , the main welding rotary tool B is raised while rotating to disengage the stirring pin B2 from the end position E _M1 . If the stirring pin B2 is separated upward at the end position E _M1 , a punch hole Q1 having substantially the same shape as the stirring pin B2 is unavoidably formed, but in this embodiment, it is left as it is.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the case where the starting position of the friction stirring in the first main joining step was provided in the abutting portion J3 was illustrated, as shown in FIG. It may be provided, or may be provided on the first tab member 2 as shown in FIG.

(4) First repair process:
When the first main joining step is completed, the first repairing step is performed on the front side plasticized region W1 formed on the metal member 1 by the first main joining step. In the first repair process according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, at least the first repair region R1 and the second repair region R2 in the front side plasticized region W1. On the other hand, friction stir is performed by a rotating tool C for repair which is smaller than the rotating tool B for main joining.

  Friction stirring with respect to the first repair region R1 is performed for the purpose of dividing tunnel defects that may be formed along the traveling direction of the main rotating tool B (see FIG. 2B). It is. In the present embodiment in which the main rotating tool B is rotated counterclockwise, there is a possibility that a tunnel defect may occur on the right side in the traveling direction, so that the upper portion of the front side plasticized region W1 located on the right side in the traveling direction in plan view The first repair region R1 may be set so as to include at least.

Friction agitation with respect to the second repair region R2 is performed by the oxide film (the side surface 14 of the metal member 1 and the first tab member 2 of the metal member 1 being wound on the front side plasticizing region W1 when the main rotating tool B crosses the abutting portion J2. This is performed for the purpose of dividing the oxide film formed on the contact surface 21. When the end position E _M1 of friction stirring in the main joining step is provided in the first tab member 2 and the main rotating tool B (see FIG. 2B) is rotated counterclockwise as in the present embodiment. Since there is a high possibility that an oxide film is wound on the upper part of the front side plasticizing region W1 on the left side in the traveling direction, the traveling direction in the plan view of the front side plasticizing region W1 adjacent to the first tab member 2 is shown. It is preferable to set the second repair region R2 so as to include at least the upper portion of the front plasticizing region W1 located on the left side.

  In the first repair process, as shown in FIG. 20B, one repair rotary tool is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing movement trajectory (bead), and the first repair region R1, Friction stirring is continuously performed on the second repair region R2 and the third repair region R3. In this embodiment, the case where the friction stirring is performed in the order of the first repair region R1 and the second repair region R2 is illustrated, but the order of the friction stirring is not limited.

The friction stir procedure in the first repair process will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
First, insert the stirring pin of repairing rotating tool C to start position S _R provided in place of the metal member 1 (press-fit) to the start of friction stir, the first repairing region R1 (FIG. 20 (a) see ). In the present embodiment, the start position S _M1 of the friction stir in the welding process is provided with the starting position S _R in the vicinity of _(see FIG. 18), the start position S turning point across the _R and the end position E _R on the opposite side M the _R provided, after moved relative toward the folding point M _R a repairing rotating tool C, folded at folding points M _R, then, by relative movement along the butting portion J1 (see FIG. 18), the Friction stirring is performed on one repair region R1 (see FIG. 20A). From the start position S _R to the turn-around point M _R by the friction stir, to divide the oxide film caught during insertion into the starting position S _M1 stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B _(see FIG. 18) It becomes possible.

  When the friction agitation with respect to the first repair region R1 is completed, the repair rotary tool C is moved to the second repair region R2 without being detached, and friction agitation is performed with respect to the second repair region R2. When the second repair region R2 is larger than the region where friction stirring can be performed with the repair rotary tool C, the repair rotary tool C may be U-turned several times while shifting the friction stirring route. .

When the second repairing region R2 for friction stir is finished, move the repairing rotating tool C to the end position E _R, disengaging the stirring pin C2 is moved upward while rotating the repairing rotating tool C from the end position E _R .

(5) First transverse repair process:
When the first repair process is completed, as shown in FIG. 21, the cross-rotation tool D is moved so as to cross the front side plasticization region W1 a plurality of times, whereby friction stirring is performed on the front side plasticization region W1. Execute the first cross repair process to be performed.

  The friction stir route in the first transverse repair process is such that a plurality of replasticization regions W3, W3,... Are separated from each other on the friction stir route in the first main joining process (center line of the front side plasticization region W1). In this embodiment, a plurality of intersection routes F1, F1,... Crossing the front side plasticization region W1 and a transition route F2 that connects end portions on the same side of the adjacent intersection routes F1, F1 are connected. , F2,.

  The intersection route F1 is orthogonal to the friction stir route in the first main joining step. The transition route F2 is provided on the right side or the left side of the front side plasticizing region W1, and is parallel to the friction stir route in the first main joining step.

The procedure of friction stirring in the first transverse repair process will be described in detail.
In the present embodiment, the traversing rotating tool D one, is moved in a zigzag shape so as to form a one-stroke movement locus (bead), continuously from the start position S _C of the friction stir to the end position E _C And friction stir.

In a first transverse repairing step, first, inserting the stirring pin D2 (see FIG. 9) of the traversing rotating tool D to the start position S _C provided in place of the metal member 1 (press-fit) to the start of friction stir, Friction stirring is continuously performed along the first intersection route F1. When the end point e10 of the first intersection route F1 is reached, the moving direction of the crossing rotation tool D is changed and moved along the transition route F2, with respect to the metal on the side of the front plasticizing region W1. Friction stirring is performed continuously. When the crossing rotation tool D reaches the starting point s10 of the second intersection route F1, the moving direction of the crossing rotation tool D is changed and moved along the second intersection route F1, and the front side plasticizing region W1 Is continuously stirred. Repeating a process as described above, rise After traversing rotating tool D reaches the end point e10 of the last crossing routes F1, moves the traversing rotating tool D to the end position E _C, while rotating the traversing rotating tool D It is allowed to disengage the stirring pin D2 (see FIG. 9) from the end position E _C.

  When the first transverse repair process is completed, burrs generated by friction stir in the first preliminary joining process, the first main joining process, the first repair process, and the first transverse repair process are removed, and further metal Turn the members 1 and 1 upside down with the back side up.

(6) Second preliminary process:
When the metal members 1 and 1 are turned over, the second preliminary process is executed. The second preliminary process according to the present embodiment includes a pilot hole forming process of forming a pilot hole (not shown) at the friction stirring start position in the second main joining process.

(7) Second main joining process:
When the second preliminary process is completed, as shown in FIG. 22, using the main joining rotary tool B used in the first main joining process, the back surface 13 side of the metal member 1 from the abutting part J1 is used. A second main joining step in which friction stirring is performed is performed. When the friction stir is performed on the abutting portion J1, the friction stir is performed while the stirring pin B2 of the rotary tool B for main joining is inserted into the front side plasticizing region formed in the first main joining step (FIG. 10). (See (b)).

In the second main joining step according to the present embodiment, a route for friction stirring is set so as to avoid the punched hole Q1 left in the first main joining step, and a pilot hole (not shown) (start position S _M2 ) is set. By moving the inserted agitation pin to the end position E _M2 without detaching it halfway, the friction agitation is continuously performed from the start position S _M2 to the end position E _M2 . The shortest distance d in plan view between the friction stirring end position E _M1 (center of the punched hole Q1) in the first main joining process and the movement locus of the main welding rotary tool B in the second main joining process. ₁ secures more than the outer diameter of the shoulder part B1 of the rotation tool B for this joining.

  In addition, since the procedure of the second main joining process according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the second main joining process according to the first embodiment described above, detailed description thereof is omitted.

(8) Second repair process:
When the second main joining step is completed, a second repairing step is performed in which friction stirring is performed on the back side plasticized region W2 formed on the metal member 1 by the second main joining step. The second repair process is the same as the first repair process described above except that the friction stirring is performed from the back surface 13 side of the metal member 1, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

(9) Second transverse repair process:

  When the second repair process is completed, a second transverse repair process is performed in which friction stirring is performed on the back side plasticized region W2 formed on the metal member 1 by the second main joining process. The second transverse repair process is the same as the first transverse repair process described above except that the friction stirring is performed from the back surface 13 side of the metal member 1, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  When the second transverse repair process is completed, burrs generated by friction stir in the second preliminary process, the second main joining process, the second repair process, and the second transverse repair process are removed. The tab material 2 and the second tab material 3 are excised.

  Even when the extremely thick metal members 1 and 1 having a thickness exceeding 40 (mm) are joined through the steps (1) to (9) as described above, the airtightness at the joined portion is obtained. And water tightness can be improved.

  In the second embodiment, the case where the second tab member 3 is arranged at the corner of the metal members 1 and 1 butted so as to have an L shape is illustrated, but as shown in FIG. The first tab member 2 may be disposed in the corners of the metal members 1 and 1, and the second tab member 3 may be disposed on the opposite side with the abutting portion J1 interposed therebetween.

  In this case, the starting point s2 and the turning point m2 of the first tab member joining step are provided on the joint between the metal member 1 and the first tab member 2, and the temporary joining between the starting point s2 and the turning point m2 is provided. The process start point s1 (the corner of the metal member 1, 1) is the end point e2, and the temporary joining rotary tool A is moved from the start point s2 to the turning point m2, and then moved from the turning point m2 to the end point e2. Friction stirring may be performed on the abutting portions J2 and J2.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the right, the metal members 1 and 1 are located on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A at least in the friction stir route from the starting point s2 to the turning point m2. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s2, the turning point m2, and the end point e2 of the first tab material joining step so as to be positioned. Incidentally, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, although not shown in the drawing, at least in the route of friction stirring from the starting point to the turning point, a metal member is placed on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point, the turning point, and the end point of the first tab material joining step so that 1 and 1 are located.

  Similarly, also in the above-described second tab member joining step, a turning point m3 and an end point e3 are provided on the joint between the metal member 1 and the second tab member 3, and a temporary point between the turning point m3 and the end point e3 is provided. The end point e1 of the joining process is set as the start point s3, and after the temporary welding rotary tool A is moved from the start point s3 to the turning point m3, the stirrer J3 is frictionally stirred by moving from the turning point m3 to the end point e3. May be.

  Note that when the temporary welding rotary tool A is rotated to the right, at least in the friction stir route from the turning point m3 to the end point e3, the metal members 1 and 1 are on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary welding rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s3, the turning point m3, and the end point e3 of the second tab material joining step so as to be positioned. Incidentally, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, although not shown in the drawing, at least in the route of frictional stirring from the turning point to the end point, a metal member is placed on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point, the turning point and the end point of the second tab material joining step so that 1 and 1 are located.

  Specific joining conditions of the above-described joining method are illustrated in Tables 1 to 3. Table 1 shows the type of alloy of the metal member 1, the first tab material 2 and the second tab material 3, the thickness, the dimensions of each rotary tool, and the dimensions of the pilot holes. The rotational speed, insertion speed, and movement speed of each rotary tool in the process are shown. In the present embodiment, the joining conditions of the first main joining process and the second main joining process are made the same, and the joining conditions of the first repair process and the second repair process are made the same. In Table 1, “JIS 5052-O” is a symbol indicating the type of aluminum alloy specified in the Japanese Industrial Standard, and is an aluminum alloy containing 2.2 to 2.8% Mg (Al—Mg series). Alloy) and an annealed aluminum alloy. “C1020” is a symbol indicating the type of copper (copper alloy) defined in Japanese Industrial Standards, and means high-purity oxygen-free copper (Cu 99.96% or more).

It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the metal member which concerns on 1st embodiment, a 1st tab material, and a 2nd tab material, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, (c) is ( b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II, and FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. (A) is a side view for demonstrating the rotation tool for temporary joining, (b) is a side view for demonstrating this rotation tool for joining. (A) And (b) is a typical side view for demonstrating the condition which inserts the rotary tool for temporary joining in a starting position. It is a top view for demonstrating the 1st tab material joining process, temporary joint process, and 2nd tab material joining process which concern on 1st embodiment. (A) is III-III sectional drawing of FIG. 4, (b) and (c) are sectional drawings for demonstrating the 1st main joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the area | region which performs friction stirring in the 1st repair process which concerns on 1st embodiment, (a) is a top view, (b) is IV-IV sectional drawing of (a). . It is a top view for demonstrating the 1st repair process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the 1st crossing repair process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is VV sectional drawing of FIG. (A)-(c) is sectional drawing for demonstrating the 2nd main joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. (A) is a side view which shows the rotation tool for main joining used at the 1st main joining process, (b) is a side view which shows the rotating tool for main joining used at the 2nd main joining process. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of the 1st tab material joining process and 2nd tab material joining process which concern on 1st embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of the repair process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of the crossing repair process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the metal member, 1st tab material, and 2nd tab material which concern on 2nd embodiment, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view. (A) And (b) is a figure for demonstrating the 1st preliminary | backup process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of the 1st preliminary process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the 1st main joining process concerning 2nd embodiment. (A) And (b) is a top view for demonstrating the modification of the 1st main joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. (A) And (b) is a top view for demonstrating the 1st repair process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the 1st crossing repair process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the 2nd main joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the modification of the 1st tab material joining process and 2nd tab material joining process which concern on 2nd embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal member 2 1st tab material 3 2nd tab material J1-J3 Abutting part A Temporary joining rotation tool A1 Shoulder part A2 Stirring pin B Main rotating tool B1 Shoulder part B2 Stirring pin C Repair rotating tool D For crossing Rotary tool P1 Pilot hole W1, W2 Plasticization region W3 Replasticization region

Claims (6)

A friction stirring method for forming a pilot hole at a friction stirring start position and starting friction stirring from the pilot hole,
The stirring pin of the rotary tool has a tapered truncated cone shape, the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is larger than the minimum outer diameter of the stirring pin, and the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin. The friction stir method is characterized by press-fitting into the prepared hole while rotating the stir pin.   The friction stirring method according to claim 1, wherein the maximum hole diameter of the pilot hole is 50 to 90% of the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin.   The friction stirring method according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the pilot hole is made smaller than a length of the stirring pin.   The friction stirring method according to claim 3, wherein the depth of the pilot hole is 70 to 90% of the length of the stirring pin.   The friction stirring method according to claim 1, wherein a volume of the pilot hole is smaller than a volume of the stirring pin.   The friction stirring method according to claim 5, wherein the volume of the pilot hole is 40 to 80% of the volume of the stirring pin.

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