JP4915821B2 - Solar power system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system having functions of confirming individual power generation states and failure diagnosis of solar cell modules constituting a solar cell array, and some of the solar cell modules have shades of failures and obstacles. The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system capable of maximizing the power generation capacity of the entire system even when the output is reduced due to the above.

  Currently, in the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, efforts are being made to develop solar cells and power conditioners with high energy conversion efficiency. However, the solar power generation system actually used is a system in which a solar battery array configured by arranging a large number of solar battery modules in which a plurality of solar battery cells are connected vertically and horizontally and a power conditioner are integrated. Therefore, in the future, it is desired to develop a system in consideration of improving the system efficiency of the entire photovoltaic power generation system.

  Therefore, conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, a plurality of auxiliary solar cells are provided in addition to the main solar cell to form a solar cell array, and the main solar cell is output from the output of these auxiliary solar cells. There has been proposed a solar power generation system that performs control for maximizing the output of the main solar battery by grasping the sunshine conditions of the battery.

JP 09-252539 A

  In solar power generation systems installed in various environments, a part of the solar cell array may be shaded by surrounding obstacles. In addition, when a plurality of solar cell arrays are installed on roof surfaces having different orientations, uniform solar radiation cannot be obtained depending on the orientation of the roof, and the sunlight conditions change.

  In addition, among solar cell modules, flexible solar cell modules that can be installed on curved surfaces have also been developed, but in this case also because the incident angle of sunlight on the solar cell module surface changes depending on the location and time, The amount of solar radiation differs in each part of the solar cell array.

  However, the conventional solar power generation system, including the system described in Patent Document 1 as described above, is partially shaded by the surrounding solar cells or the incident angle of sunlight, etc. due to surrounding trees or buildings. The solar power generation system that is not designed in consideration of the influence of the above and placed under such an installation situation has a problem that the performance of the solar cell module cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

  In addition, some of the solar cell modules built into the solar cell array are damaged or deteriorated, and when they are replaced, the same product may not be manufactured over the years. The performance of the existing solar cell module may be replaced with a different one.

  In this case, since some of the replaced solar cell modules have different current-voltage characteristics from those around them, the power generation efficiency of the entire system may be adversely affected, and it is difficult to improve this.

  In addition, in order to find out which solar cell module is defective even if a failure occurs in a part of the solar cell module of the solar cell array installed on the roof or the like, the solar cell module constituting the solar cell array If the whole was taken out from the mount and the wiring between the solar cell modules was not removed, it could not be confirmed, and the work required a great deal of labor and time.

Therefore, the present invention provides a solar power generation system that solves the problems in the prior art, and can confirm the power generation state of each solar cell module while the solar cell array is installed, and some solar cell modules In addition, an object is to provide a solar power generation system that can maximize the power generation capacity of the entire system even if the output is reduced due to a failure or shade of an obstacle.

  Provided for the above purpose, the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention has a plurality of solar cell modules each consisting of one cluster arranged vertically and horizontally, and adjacent solar cell modules are connected to each other via gate units. A solar cell array, a pair of lines for connecting a positive electrode side and a negative electrode side of the solar cell array to an external load, an open voltage measuring means for measuring an open voltage of the solar cell array, and the solar cell array Short-circuit current measuring means for measuring the short-circuit current, gate unit control means for individually controlling the respective gate units, and characteristic calculation means for calculating the current-voltage characteristics of the respective solar cell modules. is there.

  Each of the gate units has a first positive terminal, a first positive terminal, a first negative terminal, a second positive terminal, a second negative terminal, and four external terminals that can be individually switched. Switch for turning ON / OFF between the first negative terminal and the second negative terminal, a second switch for turning ON / OFF between the first positive terminal and the second positive terminal, the first negative terminal and the second negative terminal A third switch for turning ON / OFF the gap and a fourth switch for turning ON / OFF between the first negative terminal and the second positive terminal.

  Further, among the solar cell modules constituting the solar cell array, those included in one of the outer columns are respectively connected to one line of the pair of lines via individual gate units, What is included in the other column of both outer columns is connected to the other line via an individual gate unit. In addition, when there are only two columns of solar cell modules in the vertical column on both outer sides, these two columns are assumed to correspond.

  Further, among the solar cell modules constituting the solar cell array, those included in one row of the outer rows are connected to one line of the pair of lines via individual gate units, Those included in the other row of the outer rows are connected to the other line via individual gate units. In addition, here, when the row | line | column of both outer sides has only two rows of rows of a solar cell module, these two rows shall correspond.

  In the gate unit interposed between the positive electrode side of the pair of lines and the solar cell module, one of the first positive electrode terminal or the second positive electrode terminal is connected to the line, and the other is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the solar cell module, In the gate unit interposed between the negative electrode side of the pair of lines and the solar cell module, one of the first negative electrode terminal or the second negative electrode terminal is connected to the line, and the other is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the solar cell module. Yes.

  Further, the gate unit interposed between the adjacent solar cell modules has one of the first positive electrode terminal or the second positive electrode terminal connected to the positive electrode terminal of one solar cell module, the first positive electrode terminal or the second positive electrode terminal. The other of the positive terminals is the positive terminal of the other solar cell module, one of the first negative terminal or the second negative terminal is the negative terminal of one solar cell module, the first negative terminal or the second The other of the negative terminals is connected to the negative terminal of the other solar cell module.

  Further, the characteristic calculation means switches ON / OFF of the first to fourth switches of each gate unit via the gate unit control means, changes the wiring pattern between the solar cell modules, and each wiring For each pattern, current-voltage characteristics for each solar cell module are calculated based on the short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage values of the solar cell array measured by the voltage measurement unit and the current measurement unit.

  In the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention, the wiring pattern between the solar cell modules that maximizes the output of the solar cell array is further determined based on the current-voltage characteristics of the respective solar cell modules calculated by the characteristic calculation means. It is desirable to further include a wiring pattern determining means for performing ON / OFF switching of the first to fourth switches of each gate unit according to the wiring pattern.

  Further, in the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention, the gate unit control means is configured to perform control for switching ON / OFF of the first to fourth switches of each gate unit wirelessly via the wireless communication means. It is also desirable that

  According to the photovoltaic power generation system of the first aspect of the invention, the open circuit voltage and the short circuit current of the entire solar cell array are measured while switching the wiring pattern between the solar cell modules arranged vertically and horizontally by the gate unit. Since the output characteristic of each solar cell module is calculated by the characteristic calculation means based on the above, in the existing photovoltaic power generation system, the work of removing the entire solar cell module from the gantry and removing the wiring between the solar cell modules Without being necessary, it is possible to know the power generation state of each solar cell module, and it is possible to easily and quickly diagnose the presence or absence of a module having a reduced power generation capability or an unnecessary module that is not functioning.

  Moreover, according to the photovoltaic power generation system according to the invention described in claim 2, the wiring pattern determining means outputs the entire output of the solar cell array based on the output characteristics of the individual solar cell modules calculated in the invention of claim 1. Since the maximum wiring pattern is determined and the wiring pattern between the solar cell arrays is changed by switching the gate unit, the output of some solar cell modules may be reduced due to failure or shade of obstacles. Even so, the power generation capacity of the entire system can be maximized.

  According to the photovoltaic power generation system of the invention described in claim 3, since the switching control of the gate unit of the solar cell module is performed wirelessly, the characteristic calculation means, the wiring pattern determination means, the gate unit control means The part for performing the calculation and the switching control of the gate unit can be installed indoors, and the switching of the wiring pattern of the solar cell module installed at a remote place such as on the roof can be easily performed by remote control.

  Further, for example, the functions of the characteristic calculation means, the wiring pattern determination means, the gate unit control means, etc. are realized by a computer installed at one place, and the gate units of a plurality of solar cell arrays respectively installed at remote locations The switching control can be performed collectively.

It is a schematic structure figure inside a solar cell module used for a general photovoltaic power generation system. It is a figure which shows the current-voltage characteristic of a common solar cell array. It is a figure which shows the solar cell array in which a part of solar cell module is in the shade. It is a figure which shows the current-voltage characteristic of the solar cell array in the state of FIG. It is a figure which shows the solar cell array which recombined the wiring pattern of FIG. It is a figure which shows the current-voltage characteristic of the solar cell array in the state of FIG. It is a block diagram of the solar cell array in one Embodiment of the solar energy power generation system of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the internal structure of the gate unit in one Embodiment of the solar energy power generation system of this invention. It is a figure which shows the connection state of the terminal of the solar cell module in one Embodiment of the solar energy power generation system of this invention. It is a figure which shows the control circuit of the gate unit in one Embodiment of the solar energy power generation system of this invention. It is a figure which shows the control circuit of the gate unit in another embodiment of the solar energy power generation system of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the wiring pattern of the solar cell array which consists of four solar cell modules. It is a figure which shows the current-voltage characteristic of a solar cell array in case the two solar cell modules have shade in the wiring pattern of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state after the wiring pattern change between solar cell modules. It is a figure which shows the current-voltage characteristic of the solar cell array after a wiring pattern change. It is a figure which shows the wiring pattern at the time of the current voltage measurement of the solar cell module M1. It is a figure which shows the wiring pattern at the time of the current voltage measurement of the solar cell modules M1 and M3. It is a figure which shows the wiring pattern at the time of the current voltage measurement of the solar cell module M4. It is a figure which shows the wiring pattern at the time of the current voltage measurement of the solar cell modules M2 and M4. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence in the solar energy power generation system of this invention.

  In a general photovoltaic power generation system, a plurality of solar cell modules are connected in series and parallel to form a solar cell array, and each solar cell module further includes a plurality of solar cells as power generation elements in series. Connected and configured.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of a solar cell module used in a general photovoltaic power generation system. As shown in FIG. 1, a series of solar cells connected in series is arranged inside the solar cell module. For each cell, a bypass diode is connected in parallel. Note that a series of these solar cell units connected in series is referred to as a “cluster”.

  These bypass diodes are used to prevent heat generation of the solar cell module and a decrease in output of the entire solar cell array caused by partial shade on the solar cell module or a failure inside the solar cell module.

  In addition, these bypass diodes are not involved in the output during normal operation when the solar cell array is not shaded, but when the shade is partially shaded, the solar cells included in the cluster of the solar cell module in that portion The current flows through the bypass diode so that the current bypasses the cell.

  As an index indicating the characteristics of the solar cell module and the solar cell array which is an aggregate of these, there is a current-voltage characteristic, and the current-voltage characteristic of a normal solar cell array in which no shade or the like occurs is as shown in FIG. The maximum output of this characteristic (area of the hatched portion in the figure) is represented by a maximum output point P on the characteristic.

  Also, when the positive and negative terminals of the solar cell array are short-circuited, the current flowing between the two terminals (short-circuit current) is Isc, and the voltage between both terminals when the two terminals are opened (open voltage) ) Is Voc, current at maximum output (maximum output operating current) is Imax, and voltage at maximum output (maximum output operating voltage) is Vmax, these are shown in FIG.

  The solar cell array shown in FIG. 3 is an example of a configuration in which three solar cell modules shown in FIG. 1 are connected in series in the horizontal direction and connected in two vertical rows in parallel. In FIG. The state where the two solar cell modules are shaded is shown. FIG. 4 shows the current-voltage characteristics and the maximum output point P of the solar cell array in the state of FIG.

  In this case, in the solar cell module that is shaded due to partial shade, the current flows to the bypass diode so as to bypass, and as a result, the characteristic graph showing the current-voltage characteristics of the solar cell array is shown in FIG. As shown, it is stepped.

  Here, when the wiring pattern between the solar cell modules of the solar cell array shown in FIG. 3 is recombined as shown in FIG. 5, the current-voltage characteristic changes to the maximum output point P ′ as shown in FIG. Compared with the maximum output point P shown in FIG. 4, the area (maximum output) of the hatched portion is larger in FIG. 6, and the power generation efficiency is improved. Thus, there is a possibility that the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation system can be improved by changing the wiring pattern even when the number of solar cell modules is the same.

  Therefore, as described below, in the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention, first, the current-voltage characteristics of each solar cell module constituting the solar cell array are grasped, and further, based on the results, The wiring pattern between the solar cell modules is optimized to improve the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation system.

  FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a solar cell array in one embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention. Here, the solar cell array is composed of four rectangular solar cell modules M1 to M4 having a minimum configuration. It is configured. In the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention, a solar cell module having a one-cluster configuration including only one bypass diode is used.

  Moreover, as shown to the figure, adjacent to each edge | side of a solar cell module, the gate units G1-G12 of the same structure are arrange | positioned all, and the solar cell modules M1-M4 are these gate units G1-G12. It is designed to be connected with various wiring patterns.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the internal structure of these gate units. The first positive terminal P1, the first negative terminal N1, the second positive terminal P2, and the second negative terminal N2 are shown in FIG. Has two external terminals.

  Each pair of terminals P1, N1 and P2, N2 of these positive and negative electrodes is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the adjacent solar cell module, and two adjacent solar cells via one gate unit. Modules are connected to each other.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, each of the solar cell modules M1 to M4 has positive and negative connectors that are connected to positive and negative electrodes on four sides, respectively, so that vertical, horizontal, and horizontal wiring connections are possible. A pair of terminals are attached.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the gate unit includes a first switch S1 for turning ON / OFF between the first positive terminal P1 and the second negative terminal, a first positive terminal P1, and a second positive terminal. A second switch S2 for turning ON / OFF between them, a third switch S3 for turning ON / OFF between the first negative terminal N1 and the second negative terminal N2, and a first negative terminal N1 and a second positive pole A fourth switch for turning ON / OFF between the terminals P1 is incorporated.

  Here, for example, when the switch S2 and the switch S3 are turned on and the switch S1 and the switch S4 are turned off, the first negative terminal N1 and the second negative terminal are connected between the first positive terminal P1 and the second positive terminal P2. The terminals N2 are connected in parallel with the same polarity.

  On the other hand, when the switch S1 is turned on and the other switches S2, S3, S4 are turned off, the first positive terminal P1 and the second negative terminal N2 are connected in series. If all the switches S1, S2, S3, and S4 are turned off, the terminals are disconnected.

  As described above, the terminals can be switched between the series connection, the parallel connection, and the disconnection state by the combination of ON / OFF of the switches S1, S2, S3, and S4.

  In the present embodiment, gate elements such as MOSFETs are used for these switches S1, S2, S3, and S4 built in each gate unit, and the control signal is remote as shown in FIG. The computer is sent to a communication module attached to each gate unit via a communication line, and these gate elements are switched and controlled by a built-in driver circuit. Note that relays may be used for the switches S1, S2, S3, and S4.

  FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a remote computer and a gate element are each provided with a wireless module, and the respective gate units are switched by wireless communication from the computer. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the solar cell array has a pair of lines L1 and L2 for connecting the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side to an external load, and a short-circuit switch is provided between these lines L1 and L2. S0 and a voltmeter V are provided in parallel, and an ammeter A is provided on one line L2. Here, the line L1 is on the positive side and the line L2 is on the negative side.

  In this embodiment, the short-circuit switch S0 and the voltmeter V correspond to the open-circuit voltage measuring means in the present invention, and the short-circuit switch S0 and the ammeter A correspond to the short-circuit current measuring means in the present invention. .

  Next, the solar cell modules M1 to M4 are connected as shown in FIG. 12 by operating the switches in the respective gate units G1 to G12. Here, the gate units G1 to G12 are not shown. As shown in the figure, when the two solar cell modules M3 and M4 are in the shade, the current-voltage characteristic of the solar cell array has a level difference as shown in FIG.

  Here, as the output characteristics of the solar cell, since the current increases in proportion to the increase in solar radiation intensity, the output characteristics of the solar cell modules M3 and M4 in the shade are the same as those of the solar cell modules M1 and M2 in the normal sun. In comparison, it can be expressed in a rectangular shape with the sides in the current direction shortened.

  In FIG. 13, the areas of rectangular rectangles W1 and W1 ′ indicated by diagonal lines are respectively the power generation outputs of solar cell modules M1 and M2 that are exposed to sunlight, and the areas of rectangular rectangles W2 and W2 ′ are respectively shaded solar cells. The power generation output of the modules M3 and M4 is shown. The point P of the maximum output is related only to the modules M1 and M2 that are exposed to sunlight, and the power generated by the shaded solar cell modules M3 and M4 is used. There is no use.

  Therefore, when the wiring pattern of FIG. 12 is changed to the wiring pattern of FIG. 14, the current-voltage characteristics of the solar cell array are as shown in FIG. 15, and the maximum output point P of the current-voltage characteristics is W1, W1 ′, W2, W2. It becomes an output in which each area of 'is added, and wasteful power is not generated, and power can be extracted effectively.

  As described above, in order to determine an effective wiring pattern in which the solar cell array generates the maximum output, it can be solved by measuring the current and voltage of each of the solar cell modules M1 to M4.

  In FIG. 7, in order to measure the short-circuit current of the solar cell module M1 alone, the gate unit G1 and the gate unit G3 are connected in series, the other gate units are disconnected, the short-circuit switch S0 is turned on, and the ammeter A You can measure with.

  Further, in order to measure the open circuit voltage of the single solar cell module M1, the short circuit switch S0 is turned off in the connected state of the gate unit, and the measurement can be performed with the voltmeter V. By performing the operation of each of the gate units G1 to G12 and the opening / closing operation of the short-circuit switch S0, the short-circuit currents and open-circuit voltages of all the solar cell modules M1 to M4 can be known as will be described later.

  Here, the maximum output operating current Imax and the maximum output operating voltage Vmax are related to the maximum output of the solar cell array as shown in FIG. 2, but the maximum output operating current Imax is shown in FIG. Since the short-circuit current Isc and the maximum output operating voltage Vmax and the open-circuit voltage Voc are almost close to each other, the measured short-circuit current Isc and open-circuit voltage Voc are regarded as the maximum output operating current Imax and the maximum output operating voltage Vmax. Can do.

  Next, a specific switching operation of each gate unit will be described. In order to measure the solar cell module M1, the switch S2 (see FIG. 8) of the gate unit G1 is turned on, the switch S3 of the gate unit G3 is turned on, and all the remaining gate units are disconnected. By this operation, as shown in FIG. 16, only the solar cell module M1 is connected to the circuit, and the voltage is measured if the short-circuit switch S0 is OFF, and the current is measured if it is ON.

  Next, in order to measure the solar cell module M1 and the solar cell module M3, the switch S2 of the gate unit G1 is turned on, the switch S4 of the gate unit G6 is turned on, and the switch S3 of the gate unit G11 is turned on.

  By this operation, as shown in FIG. 17, the solar cell module M1 and the solar cell module M3 are connected in series to the circuit, and the short-circuit switch S0 is turned OFF, whereby the sum of the voltages of the solar cell module M1 and the solar cell module M3. Is required. Next, the voltage of the solar cell module M3 is obtained by subtracting the voltage of the solar cell module M1 measured by the previous operation from this value.

  Also, the switch S2 of the gate unit G1 is turned ON, the switches S2 and S3 of the gate unit G6 are turned ON, and the switch S3 of the gate unit G11 is turned ON, so that the solar cell module M1 and the solar cell module M3 become circuits. In addition, in FIG. 17, the sum of currents of the solar cell module M1 and the solar cell module M3 is obtained by turning on the short-circuit switch S0 in FIG. Next, the current of the solar cell module M3 is obtained by subtracting the current of the solar cell module M1 measured by the previous operation from this value.

  Next, in order to measure the current and voltage of the solar cell module M4, the switch S2 of the gate unit G10 is turned on, and the switch S3 of the gate unit G12 is turned on. By this operation, as shown in FIG. 18, only the solar cell module M4 is connected to the circuit, and the voltage is measured if the short-circuit switch S0 is OFF, and the current is measured if it is ON.

  Next, in order to measure the current and voltage of the solar cell module M2 and the solar cell module M4, the switch S2 of the gate unit G2 is turned on, the switch S4 of the gate unit G7 is turned on, and the switch S3 of the gate unit G12 is turned on. To do.

  By this operation, as shown in FIG. 19, the solar cell module M2 and the solar cell module M4 are connected in series to the circuit, and the short-circuit switch S0 is turned OFF, whereby the sum of the voltages of the solar cell module M2 and the solar cell module M4 is obtained. Is required. Next, the voltage of the solar cell module M2 is obtained by subtracting the voltage of the solar cell module M4 measured by the previous operation from this value.

  Next, the switch S2 of the gate unit G2 is turned ON, the switches S2 and S3 of the gate unit G7 are turned ON, and the switch S3 of the gate unit G12 is turned ON, so that the solar cell module M2 and the solar cell module M4 are parallel to the circuit. In FIG. 19, the sum of currents of the solar cell module M2 and the solar cell module M4 is obtained by turning on the short-circuit switch S0. Next, the current of the solar cell module M2 is obtained by subtracting the current of the solar cell module M4 measured by the previous operation from this value.

  Even if the number of solar cell modules increases, simultaneous linear equations are obtained for each of various current paths and voltage paths equal to the number of solar cell modules by switching the gate unit, and these are solved. Thus, the solutions of the current values and voltage values of all the solar cell modules are obtained.

  Next, FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure in the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention. First, the total number N of solar cell modules constituting the solar cell array is input to the computer (step S1).

  The computer sends a command to each gad unit, and switches the wiring pattern by the ON / OFF switching control of the switches S1 to S4 described above (step S2). By this switching, the connection between the solar cell modules is connected in series or in parallel. In this switching procedure, control (sequence control) is performed according to an order programmed in advance in the computer.

  Next, the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage are measured under the condition of this wiring pattern (step S3). By this operation, linear equations with unknown quantities (current and voltage of each solar cell module) as variables are created as current equations and voltage equations, respectively, and stored in the computer. (Step S4).

  Since the total number of solar cell modules is N, it is necessary to obtain N-element (N) simultaneous linear equations for the current equation and the voltage equation. Therefore, the wiring pattern is changed until N independent equations are obtained. This operation is repeated after switching (steps S2 to S5).

  When the creation of the N-dimensional simultaneous linear equation is completed (YES route in step S5), this solution is obtained, and the current value and voltage value of each solar cell module are calculated (step S6). In addition, it becomes possible to detect a defective module due to deterioration or the like by monitoring the current value and voltage value of each solar cell module obtained in this calculation process.

  Next, the computer sequentially rearranges the solar cell modules in series and in parallel based on the calculated current value and voltage value of each solar cell module, and the output obtained from the solar cell array is maximized. Is extracted and its wiring pattern is determined (step S7).

  Next, the computer sends a signal to each gate unit in accordance with the determined wiring pattern, and switches and controls these gate units so as to form the wiring pattern (step S8).

  In the embodiment described above, the gate unit control means for individually controlling each gate unit, the specific calculation means for calculating the current-voltage characteristics of each solar cell module, and the maximum output in the present invention can be obtained. The wiring pattern determination means for determining the wiring pattern is virtually realized by a computer, but these means may be configured as dedicated units that function individually.

  The present invention is composed of a solar power generation system installed in various environments, a combination of solar cell modules having different characteristics, or a curved surface in which the incident angle of sunlight on the surface of the solar cell module changes depending on the place and time It can be widely used for a photovoltaic power generation system using the flexible solar cell module.

  Further, the process of measuring the short-circuit current and the open-circuit current of each solar cell module can be used as a diagnostic system for detecting defective solar cell modules from the solar cell array.

M1 to M4 Solar cell modules G1 to G12 Gate unit P1 First positive terminal P2 Second positive terminal N1 First positive terminal N2 Second positive terminal S1 First switch S2 Second switch S3 Third switch S4 Fourth switch L1, L2 Line A Ammeter V Voltmeter S0 Short-circuit switch

Claims (3)

A solar cell array in which a plurality of solar cell modules composed of one cluster are arranged vertically and horizontally, and adjacent solar cell modules are connected to each other via gate units,
A pair of lines for connecting the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of the solar cell array to external loads,
An open-circuit voltage measuring means for measuring an open-circuit voltage of the solar cell array;
A short-circuit current measuring means for measuring a short-circuit current of the solar cell array;
Gate unit control means for individually controlling the respective gate units;
Characteristic calculating means for calculating current-voltage characteristics of each of the solar cell modules, wherein each of the gate units includes a first positive terminal, a first negative terminal, a second positive terminal, and a second negative terminal The first switch for switching ON / OFF between the first positive electrode terminal and the second negative electrode terminal, which can be individually switched, and between the first positive electrode terminal and the second positive electrode terminal ON / OFF second switch, first negative electrode terminal and third negative electrode terminal third switch ON / OFF, and first negative electrode terminal and second positive electrode terminal ON / OFF A fourth switch,
Among the solar cell modules constituting the solar cell array, those included in one of the outer columns are respectively connected to one line of the pair of lines via individual gate units, and the both outer sides Are included in the other column of each of the columns connected to the other line through individual gate units,
Among the solar cell modules constituting the solar cell array, those included in one row of both outer rows are connected to one line of the pair of lines via individual gate units, respectively, Are included in the other row of the other row, connected to the other line via individual gate units,
In the gate unit interposed between the positive electrode side of the pair of lines and the solar cell module, one of the first positive electrode terminal or the second positive electrode terminal is connected to the line, and the other is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the solar cell module,
In the gate unit interposed between the negative electrode side of the pair of lines and the solar cell module, one of the first negative electrode terminal or the second negative electrode terminal is connected to the line, and the other is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the solar cell module,
In the gate unit interposed between adjacent solar cell modules, one of the first positive electrode terminal or the second positive electrode terminal is connected to the positive electrode terminal of one solar cell module, the first positive electrode terminal or the second positive electrode terminal. The other of the positive terminal of the other solar cell module,
One of the first negative electrode terminal or the second negative electrode terminal is the negative electrode terminal of one solar cell module, and the other of the first negative electrode terminal or the second negative electrode terminal is the negative electrode terminal of the other solar cell module. Connected,
The characteristic calculation means switches ON / OFF of the first to fourth switches of each gate unit via the gate unit control means to change the wiring pattern between the solar cell modules, and for each wiring pattern. And calculating a current-voltage characteristic for each solar cell module based on the values of the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell array measured by the voltage measuring unit and the current measuring unit. . Based on the current-voltage characteristics of each solar cell module calculated by the characteristic calculation means, further comprising a wiring pattern determination means for determining a wiring pattern between the solar cell modules that maximizes the output of the solar cell array,
2. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the gate unit control means switches ON / OFF of the first to fourth switches of each gate unit according to the wiring pattern.   The photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control for switching ON / OFF of the first to fourth switches of each gate unit by the gate unit control means is performed wirelessly via the wireless communication means. system.

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