JP4944381B2 - 燃料電池−冷却系用のアゾール誘導体を含有している1,3−プロパンジオールをベースとする冷却剤 - Google Patents
燃料電池−冷却系用のアゾール誘導体を含有している1,3−プロパンジオールをベースとする冷却剤 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 150000007980 azole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 32
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 title claims description 29
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 alkylene glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- QWENRTYMTSOGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-1,2,3-Triazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNN=1 QWENRTYMTSOGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004354 sulfur functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000000565 5-membered heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000959 cryoprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052605 nesosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004762 orthosilicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/20—Antifreeze additives therefor, e.g. for radiator liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
(a)1,3−プロパンジオール又は1,3−プロパンジオールとアルキレングリコール及び/又はそれらの誘導体との混合物 10〜90質量%、
(b)水 90〜10質量%、
(c)前記のアゾール誘導体 0.005〜5質量%、特に0.0075〜2.5質量%、とりわけ0.01〜1質量%及び
(d)場合によりオルトケイ酸エステル
からなり、最大50μS/cmの伝導率を有する直ちに使用できる水性冷却剤組成物が製造されることができる。全成分の総和はこの際に100質量%である。
(a)1,3−プロパンジオール又は1,3−プロパンジオールとアルキレングリコール及び/又はそれらの誘導体との混合物 10〜90質量%、
(b)水 90〜10質量%、
(c)前記のアゾール誘導体 0.005〜5質量%、特に0.0075〜2.5質量%、とりわけ0.01〜1質量%及び
(d)場合によりオルトケイ酸エステル
からなり、かつイオンを含まない水で前記の不凍液濃縮物を希釈することにより得ることができる、燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の、直ちに使用できる水性冷却剤組成物でもある。全成分の総和はこの際に100質量%である。
試験の記載:
5つのアルミニウム試験金属(真空はんだ付けしたAl、呼称:EN-AW 3005、片側にEN-AW 4045 10質量%でろう付け被覆(lotplattiert);寸法:58×26×0.35mm、直径7mmの穴を有する)を秤量し、プラスチックボルトを用いてナット及びテフロンディスクと非導電性に結合させ、2つのテフロンスタンド上ですりあわせ及びガラスぶたを備えた1 lビーカー中へ置いた。引き続いて試験液1000mlを充填した。ビーカーをガラスぶたで気密に密閉し、88℃に加熱し、液体を電磁撹拌機を用いて激しく撹拌した。電気伝導率を、試験開始の際に並びに一週間間隔で前もって取り出した液体試料について室温で測定した(WTW/Weilheim社の伝導率測定装置LF 530)。試験の終了後にアルミニウム試料を可視的に評価し、ASTM D 1384-94に従って水性クロム酸/リン酸での酸洗い後に重量法により評価した。
Claims (8)
- 燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物であって、前記濃縮物からイオンを含まない水で希釈することにより最大50μS/cmの伝導率を有する直ちに使用できる水性冷却剤組成物を生じ、前記組成物が
(a)1,3−プロパンジオール又は1,3−プロパンジオールとアルキレングリコール及び/又はそれらの誘導体との混合物 10〜90質量%、
(b)水 90〜10質量%、
(c)一般式(I)又は(II)
一般式(III)
一般式(IV)
(d)場合によりオルトケイ酸エステル
からなる、燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物。 - 燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物であって、前記濃縮物からイオンを含まない水で希釈することにより最大50μS/cmの伝導率を有する直ちに使用できる水性冷却剤組成物を生じ、前記組成物が
(a)1,3−プロパンジオール又は1,3−プロパンジオールとアルキレングリコール及び/又はそれらの誘導体との混合物 10〜90質量%、
(b)水 90〜10質量%、
(c)一般式(I)又は(II)
一般式(III)
一般式(IV)
(d)オルトケイ酸エステル
からなる、燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物。 - アゾール誘導体を全部で0.05〜5質量%含有している、請求項1又は2記載の燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物。
- アゾール誘導体としてベンズイミダゾール、ベンゾトリアゾール、トルトリアゾール、1H−1,2,4−トリアゾール及び/又は水素化されたトルトリアゾールを含有している、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物。
- アゾール誘導体に加えて付加的にオルトケイ酸エステルを含有している請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物であって、前記濃縮物から2〜2000質量ppmのケイ素含量を有する直ちに使用できる水性冷却剤組成物が生じる、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物。
- (a)1,3−プロパンジオール又は1,3−プロパンジオールとアルキレングリコール及び/又はそれらの誘導体との混合物 10〜90質量%、
(b)水 90〜10質量%、
(c)アゾール誘導体 0.005〜5質量%及び
(d)場合によりオルトケイ酸エステル
からなり、イオンを含まない水で請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の不凍液濃縮物を希釈することにより得ることができる、燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の直ちに使用できる水性冷却剤組成物。 - 1,3−プロパンジオール又は1,3−プロパンジオールとアルキレングリコール及び/又はそれらの誘導体との混合物をベースとする、燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の不凍液濃縮物を製造するための、0個又は最大1個の硫黄原子を有し、かつ芳香族又は飽和の6員の縮合成分を有していてよい、窒素及び硫黄の群からのへテロ原子2又は3個を有する5員のヘテロ環式化合物(アゾール誘導体)の使用。
- 燃料電池駆動装置における冷却系用の、最大50μS/cmの伝導率を有する直ちに使用できる水性冷却剤組成物を製造するための請求項7記載の不凍液濃縮物の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10258385A DE10258385A1 (de) | 2002-12-12 | 2002-12-12 | Kühlmittel auf Basis von 1,3-Propandiol enthaltend Azolderivate für Brennstoffzellen-Kühlsysteme |
DE10258385.4 | 2002-12-12 | ||
PCT/EP2003/013633 WO2004053015A1 (de) | 2002-12-12 | 2003-12-03 | Kühlmittel auf basis von 1,3-propandiol enthaltend azolderivate für brennstoffzellen-kühlsysteme |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2006510168A JP2006510168A (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
JP4944381B2 true JP4944381B2 (ja) | 2012-05-30 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2004557982A Expired - Fee Related JP4944381B2 (ja) | 2002-12-12 | 2003-12-03 | 燃料電池−冷却系用のアゾール誘導体を含有している1,3−プロパンジオールをベースとする冷却剤 |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060027782A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1572830B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4944381B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101021207B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1726269B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR042449A1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE500305T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003294775B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0317186B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2509597C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE10258385A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2359699T3 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA05006019A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL205334B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004053015A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200505558B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6818146B2 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2004-11-16 | Shell Oil Company | Chemical base for engine coolant/antifreeze with improved thermal stability properties |
WO2006029178A1 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Colorant treated ion exchange resins, method of making, heat transfer systems and assemblies containing the same, and method of use |
EP1807478B1 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2015-04-08 | Prestone Products Corporation | Corrosion inhibitors, corrosion inhibiting heat transfer fluids, and the use thereof |
US8658326B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2014-02-25 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer system, fluid, and method |
BRPI0514963A (pt) | 2004-09-08 | 2008-07-01 | Honeywell Int Inc | fluido de transferência térmica colorido, sistema de transferência térmica, método para colorir um fluido de transferência térmica possuindo baixa condutividade, e dispositivo acionado por uma fonte de energia alternativa |
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- 2003-12-03 MX MXPA05006019A patent/MXPA05006019A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-12-03 US US10/536,806 patent/US20060027782A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-03 DE DE50313514T patent/DE50313514D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-03 EP EP03785723A patent/EP1572830B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-03 AU AU2003294775A patent/AU2003294775B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-12-03 PL PL377707A patent/PL205334B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2003-12-03 AT AT03785723T patent/ATE500305T1/de active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50313514D1 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
PL205334B1 (pl) | 2010-04-30 |
CN1726269B (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
EP1572830A1 (de) | 2005-09-14 |
EP1572830B1 (de) | 2011-03-02 |
BR0317186B1 (pt) | 2013-08-13 |
AU2003294775B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
ATE500305T1 (de) | 2011-03-15 |
AU2003294775A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
BR0317186A (pt) | 2005-11-01 |
CA2509597C (en) | 2012-11-20 |
CA2509597A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
PL377707A1 (pl) | 2006-02-06 |
KR101021207B1 (ko) | 2011-03-11 |
ES2359699T3 (es) | 2011-05-26 |
WO2004053015A1 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
CN1726269A (zh) | 2006-01-25 |
DE10258385A1 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
ZA200505558B (en) | 2006-10-25 |
US20060027782A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
KR20050085504A (ko) | 2005-08-29 |
JP2006510168A (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
AR042449A1 (es) | 2005-06-22 |
MXPA05006019A (es) | 2005-08-18 |
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