JP4832359B2 - Multiplexer and packet transfer control method in multiplexer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multiplexing apparatus that stores a plurality of traffic flows in the same buffer and multiplexes them into one line, and a packet transfer control method in the multiplexing apparatus.

  In a multiplexing apparatus that stores a plurality of traffic flows in the same buffer and multiplexes them into one line, there is a method of performing discard control due to buffer overflow when policing is provided before multiplexing and accommodating in the buffer after multiplexing. is there.

  For the policing function, a minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR: Committed Information Rate) and a maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR: Peak Information Rate) are set for each input flow, and packets are colored by monitoring the bandwidth of the input flow. There is a method of marking. The color marking uses three colors, and for the input of a certain flow, green below the minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR), yellow above the minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR) and below the maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR), maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR) ) It is defined that the excess is colored red, green is passed, and red is discarded (see Non-Patent Document 1, for example).

  In the policing function, when the input bandwidth of a certain flow is yellow, a method of lowering the priority of the packet to a class one lower than the reference priority class set in the flow has been proposed (for example, (See Patent Document 1).

JP-A-2004-266389, pages 9 to 10, FIG. "A Two Rate Three Color Marker" by J. Heinanen, R. Guerin, RFC 2698, September 1999 Tetsuya Yokoya, Koji Sato, Sachiko Taniguchi, Kazuumi Oguchi, Kuniaki Motoshima, “Technology Trends and Issues of Ethernet (registered trademark) QoS”, IEICE Technical Report, Vo1. 107, No. 19, Electronic Information IEICE, April 16, 2007, p.25-30

  In the conventional multiplexing apparatus of this type as described above, when a policing function is not provided in the previous stage of multiplexing, there is a certain specification in the congestion state due to the multiplexing order of packets in the input flow and the buffer empty timing. In some flows, packets are discarded due to buffer overflow, and fairness between flows may not be provided.

  For this purpose, by having a policing function like the conventional method, the input bandwidth of each flow is monitored, and packets of flows that are input when the maximum guaranteed bandwidth exceeds (red) set in advance for each flow are discarded. There is a way to do it. However, in the conventional method, when the input bandwidth of a flow exceeds the minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR) and is less than or equal to the maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR) (yellow), the priority of the input packet of the corresponding flow is set for each flow. Although the process of lowering by one from the reference priority is performed, the processing method is not dynamically changed according to the buffer state. For this reason, there has been a problem that the buffer cannot be effectively used.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. In a multiplexing apparatus that stores a plurality of traffic flows in the same buffer and multiplexes them into one line, the policing provided before the multiplexing is performed. The function dynamically changes the processing method according to the congestion state of the packet in the buffer (for example, when the input bandwidth is yellow in the case of 3 color marking, the discard policy is dynamically changed according to the buffer state) It is an object of the present invention to provide a multiplexing apparatus and the like that improve the fairness between effective use of buffers and traffic flows.

The present invention is a multiplexing device that multiplexes packets of a plurality of input traffic flows by a multiplexing unit and stores them in a buffer, wherein the packet storage state in the buffer is monitored and the packets are in a congestion state A buffer status monitoring unit that outputs congestion information indicating the setting information on the transfer conditions of packets set for each traffic flow in advance for each traffic flow before being multiplexed by the multiplexing unit; The packet transfer process, the transfer / discard selection process, the process determination means for determining the discard process according to the relationship with the state of the packet arriving with the traffic flow, and the multiplexing according to the process determined for each arrived traffic flow packet Transfer processing and discard processing, and the buffer status is included in the traffic flow of transfer / discard selection processing. Disposal if there is congestion information from the visual portion, characterized in that and a policing controller including packet processing means for performing a transfer process to the multiplexing unit by lowering the priority of the packet if no A multiplexing apparatus and a packet transfer control method in the multiplexing apparatus.

  In the present invention, when the policing function provided in the preceding stage of multiplexing is 3 color marking, the discard policy is dynamically changed according to the buffer state for processing when the input band is yellow, and the effective use of the buffer and traffic The fairness between flows can be improved.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a multiplexing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the policing control unit 11 identifies the traffic flow of the input packet from the header information in the packet, and searches for setting information related to the transfer condition for the identified flow in the setting information storage unit 11b to obtain the setting information. As shown in FIG. 2, the search unit 11a relates to transfer conditions such as a maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR: Peak Information Rate) and a minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR: Committed Information Rate) in all traffic flows F1 to Fn, and packet transfer priority. A setting information storage unit 11b in which setting (bandwidth) information is stored; an input band measurement unit 11c that measures the bandwidth of the input packet; and which of the three colors the bandwidth of the input flow is determined; If it is red, it is a discard process that discards the packet. If it is green, it is a transfer process that forwards the packet to the multiplexer 12. The bandwidth comparison unit 11d that outputs processing information indicating the processing, and the transfer processing and discard processing to the multiplexing unit 12 according to the processing information from the bandwidth comparison unit 11d. If the packet is congested, it is composed of a packet processing unit 11e that performs discard processing, and if it is not congested, selects transfer processing.

  The multiplexing unit 12 is a circuit that performs multiplexing to store packets from a plurality of flows in the same buffer 13, and the buffer 13 is a memory that stores packets from a plurality of traffic flows, and an output control unit 14 performs output control determined by the apparatus, and the buffer state monitoring unit 15 monitors the packet storage state of the buffer 13 to determine whether the buffer is congested or not congested. The congestion information is output to the packet processing unit 11e.

  The setting information search unit 11a, the setting information storage unit 11b, the input band measurement unit 11c, and the band comparison unit 11d of the policing control unit 11 constitute a processing determination unit, and the packet processing unit 11e constitutes a packet processing unit.

  Next, the operation will be described. For the packets from the plurality of traffic flows F1 to Fn input to the policing control unit 11, the setting information search unit 11a identifies the traffic flows F1 to Fn to which the packet belongs from the header information of the packet. The stored setting information storage unit 11b is searched to obtain setting information of the identified flow. The type of flow can be arbitrarily set for each application or for each user.

  The setting information storage unit 11b stores flow setting (bandwidth) information for each flow. As an example, as shown in FIG. 2, a maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR) and a minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR) are preset for each flow. If the identification information of the flow identified by the setting information search unit 11a is i, the setting information of the flow i such as the maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIRI) and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIRI) of the corresponding flow i is obtained by the search. Are input to the band comparison unit 11d. The set bandwidth information of the flow can also store the priority specific to the device.

  Further, the input bandwidth measuring unit 11c calculates an input rate (INRi) in the flow i to which the input packet belongs. The traffic flows F1 to Fn to which the packet belongs are identified from the header information of the packet. The input rate can be calculated, for example, by adding the input data amount of each flow for a certain period of time from a predetermined reference time, and the added data amount and time interval when the reference time is reached again. In this case, every time the reference time comes, the added data amount is held as an input rate (INRi), for example, in a memory (not shown) in the input band measuring unit 11c, and the added data is reset to zero. The calculated input rate (INRi) is input to the band comparison unit 11d. The input band measuring unit 11c may also have a memory (not shown) for storing parameters necessary for such calculation.

  Next, the band comparison unit 11d compares the three values of PRIi and CIRI, which are setting band information related to the transfer condition from the setting information search unit 11a, and the input rate INRi notified from the input band measuring unit 11c, and INRi. ≤ CIRi, select 3 color green which is the transfer processing information to transfer and multiplex the packet to the multiplexer 12 and store it in the buffer 13; if CIRi <INRi ≤ PIRI, select whether to transfer or discard the packet The color information (processing information) of three colors yellow, which is the transfer / discard selection processing information to be discarded, and three colors red, which is the discard processing information to discard the packet when PIRi <INRi, is output to the packet processing unit 11e.

  An operation flowchart in the packet processing unit 11e is shown in FIG. When the processing information based on the comparison result from the band comparison unit 11d is green (S21), the packet is passed as it is and is transferred to the multiplexing unit 12 (S22). If it is red (S23), the packet of flow i is discarded (S24). If it is yellow (S25), according to the presence / absence of the congestion information input from the buffer status monitoring unit 15, the buffer 13 has room, that is, if there is no congestion information, the packet is passed as it is to the multiplexing unit 12. Packet transfer is performed (S27), and if there is no room in the buffer, that is, there is congestion information, the packet of flow i is discarded (S26).

  Further, the processing in the packet processing unit 11e in the case of yellow in the dotted line portion of FIG. 3 may be as shown in the operation flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 4, in step S25, if the packet is congested in the buffer 13 and congestion information is input, the packet is discarded (S26). If there is no congestion information and the packet is not congested, the packet priority is set. The packet is transferred to the multiplexing unit 12 after being lowered (S28). There are a method of assigning priority to each flow using a value specific to the corresponding device (see the priority in FIG. 2), and a method of using a bit indicating priority (for example, a user priority bit in a VLAN tag) in a packet. .

  In the former case, the setting information storage unit 11b stores device-specific priority information for each traffic flow, the bandwidth comparison unit 11d outputs processing information in consideration of the priority information, and the packet processing unit 11e When processing information indicating transfer / discard selection processing in the case of yellow is received, if there is no congestion information, the priority of the packet is lowered and the transfer processing to the multiplexing unit 12 is performed to perform multiplexing.

  In the latter case, each packet includes a bit indicating the priority of transfer, and the packet processing unit 11e reads the priority from the bit indicating the priority of the packet, and processing information indicating transfer / discard selection processing in the case of yellow If there is no congestion information, the bit indicating the priority of the packet is rewritten to a value with a lowered priority, and the transfer process to the multiplexing unit 12 is performed to perform multiplexing.

  The multiplexing unit 12 multiplexes a plurality of traffic flow packets input from the packet processing unit 11 e and transfers the multiplexed packets to the buffer 13. The buffer state monitoring unit 15 monitors the packet storage state of the buffer 13 and outputs congestion information to the packet processing unit 11e if the packet in the buffer 13 is congested.

  The following two cases can be considered as criteria for determining whether or not congestion is present. One is that when packets are input simultaneously from all traffic flows, if there is a buffer amount that can store all the packets, it is determined that the packet is not congested. Suppose that

  Or, by predicting the traffic pattern from the traffic volume of each flow that occurred in a certain period immediately before and the packet generation interval, if it is assumed that the state will continue, if the buffer seems to overflow (overflow), it will be congested. If the buffer does not seem to overflow, it is assumed that there is no congestion.

  For these reasons, the buffer status monitoring unit 15 obtains information from the packet processing unit 11e and the multiplexing unit 12.

  As described above, it is determined whether or not to discard the packet of each flow while monitoring the packet status in the buffer including the buffer remaining amount, etc. When the buffer is nearly empty, it is yellow However, when the packet is transferred in the same way as green and the buffer is about to overflow, the yellow flow packet is discarded, so that the buffer can be used effectively.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment described above, the discard control when color marking is performed by comparing the input rate of the packet of each flow, the minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR), and the maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR). An embodiment in the case of using RFC 2698 color marking that takes into account the maximum burst size of each set band is also shown.

  FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a multiplexing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. The token bucket algorithm calculation unit 11f calculates a token bucket algorithm for the flow of the input packet and determines which of the three colors the bandwidth of the input flow is. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the setting information storage unit 11b has a maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR) and a minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR) in all flows necessary for the token bucket algorithm calculation unit 11f to calculate the RFC 2698 token bucket algorithm. Value, maximum allowable burst size (PBS: Peak Burst Size) in the maximum guaranteed bandwidth, maximum burst size (CBS: Committed Burst Size) in the minimum guaranteed bandwidth, token bucket size (Tp, Tc) in each guaranteed bandwidth, etc. ing.

  The setting information search unit 11a, the setting information storage unit 11b, and the token bucket algorithm calculation unit 11f of the policing control unit 11 constitute a process determination unit.

  Next, the operation will be described. As an example, the maximum guaranteed bandwidth (PIR) and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth (CIR), the burst size (PBS, CBS) of each guaranteed bandwidth, and the token bucket size (Tp, Tc) in each guaranteed bandwidth are stored in advance for each flow. If the identification information of the identified flow is i, the setting information retrieval unit 11a retrieves the setting information storage unit 11b and searches for the corresponding flow i PIRi, CIRI, PBSi, CBSi, Tp, Tc. The setting information of the flow i is output to the token bucket algorithm calculation unit 11f.

  As a result, the token bucket algorithm calculation unit 11f calculates the token bucket size (Tp, Tc) in each guaranteed bandwidth, and when a packet having a packet length Bi of flow i is input, if Tp−B <0, the packet Is transferred to the multiplexing unit 12 and multiplexed and stored in the buffer 13. When the color is red, Tp-B ≧ 0 and Tc-B <0, the above-mentioned transfer or packet discard is selected. 3 color yellow, which is the transfer / discard selection processing information to be transmitted, and Tc-B ≧ 0, the 3 color green, which is the discard processing information to discard the packet, is output to the packet processing unit 11e as color information (processing information). . Then, the packet processing unit 11e transfers or discards the packet according to the color information (processing information) from the token bucket algorithm calculation unit 11f as in the first embodiment (including the modified example).

  As described above, by considering the burst size, even if the input data of a certain flow is bursty, it does not store a large amount of packets for the flow with a buffer, and between traffic flows that use the buffer Can provide fairness.

It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the multiplexing apparatus by one embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the setting information stored in the setting information storage part of FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart for explaining the operation of the packet processing unit of the multiplexing apparatus according to the present invention. It is an operation | movement flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of the modification of the packet processing part of the multiplexing apparatus by this invention. It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the multiplexing apparatus by another embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the setting information stored in the setting information storage part of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  11 policing control unit, 11a setting information search unit, 11b setting information storage unit, 11c input band measurement unit, 11d band comparison unit, 11e packet processing unit, 11f token bucket algorithm calculation unit, 12 multiplexing unit, 13 buffer, 14 output Control unit, 15 Buffer state monitoring unit.

Claims (8)

A multiplexing device that multiplexes packets of a plurality of input traffic flows by a multiplexing unit and stores them in a buffer,
A buffer state monitoring unit that monitors the storage state of the packet in the buffer and outputs congestion information indicating that the packet is in a congestion state;
For each traffic flow that is input before being multiplexed by the multiplexing unit, the packet is set according to the relationship between the setting information on the packet transfer conditions set in advance for each traffic flow and the state of the packet that the traffic flow arrives at. Transfer processing, transfer / discard selection processing, processing determination means for determining discard processing, and transfer processing and discard processing to the multiplexing unit according to the determined processing for each arriving traffic flow packet. Policing control including a packet processing means for discarding if there is congestion information from the buffer status monitoring unit in the traffic flow of the discard selection processing, and for lowering the packet priority and performing transfer processing to the multiplexing unit if there is congestion information And
A multiplexing apparatus comprising: Processing determination unit of the policing control unit,
A setting information storage unit that stores a maximum guaranteed bandwidth and a minimum guaranteed bandwidth set in advance for each traffic flow;
A setting information search unit for identifying the traffic flow of the arrived packet from the information in the packet, and searching for the maximum guaranteed bandwidth and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth for the identified traffic flow from the setting information storage unit;
An input bandwidth measuring unit that identifies a traffic flow of an arriving packet from information in the packet, and calculates an input rate for the identified traffic flow;
Based on the calculated input rate and the searched maximum guaranteed bandwidth and minimum guaranteed bandwidth, discard processing that discards packets as red when the input rate exceeds the maximum guaranteed bandwidth, and multiplexes packets as green when the input rate exceeds the minimum guaranteed bandwidth A transfer processing to transfer to a copy, a bandwidth comparison unit that outputs processing information indicating transfer / discard selection processing as yellow when the minimum guaranteed bandwidth is exceeded below the maximum guaranteed bandwidth, and
With
The packet processing means performs transfer processing and discard processing to the multiplexing unit according to the processing information from the bandwidth comparison unit, and if there is congestion information from the buffer status monitoring unit in the traffic flow of the transfer / discard selection processing If there is no discard processing, the packet priority is lowered and the transfer processing to the multiplexing unit is performed.
The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The process determining means of the policing control unit is
Policing control by a token bucket algorithm including a maximum guaranteed bandwidth, a minimum guaranteed bandwidth set for each traffic flow set in advance for each traffic flow, and a maximum burst size and a token bucket size in each of the maximum guaranteed bandwidth and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth. A setting information storage unit that stores setting information for performing;
A setting information search unit for identifying the traffic flow of the arrived packet from the information in the packet, and searching for the setting information for the identified traffic flow from the setting information storage unit;
Performs policing control using the token bucket algorithm according to the retrieved setting information, discards the packet when red, forwards the packet to the multiplexing unit when green, and forwards / discards when yellow A token bucket algorithm calculation unit that outputs processing information indicating
With
The packet processing means performs transfer processing and discard processing to the multiplexing unit according to the processing information from the bandwidth comparison unit, and if there is congestion information from the buffer status monitoring unit in the traffic flow of the transfer / discard selection processing If there is no discard processing, the packet priority is lowered and the transfer processing to the multiplexing unit is performed.
The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The setting information storage unit also stores device-specific priority information for each traffic flow,
The packet processing means lowers the priority of the packet of the corresponding traffic flow based on the priority information for each traffic flow stored in the setting information storage unit, and performs the transfer process to the multiplexing unit The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the multiplexing apparatus is characterized.   Each packet includes a bit indicating the priority of transfer, and the packet processing means reads the priority from the bit indicating the priority of the packet, and when receiving processing information indicating a transfer / discard selection process in the case of yellow, 4. If there is no congestion information, the bit indicating the priority of the packet is rewritten to a value with a lower priority, and the transfer processing to the multiplexing unit is performed to perform multiplexing. 2. The multiplexing apparatus according to item 1. From claim 1, the buffer condition monitoring portion, and outputs a congestion information determines that the packet in the buffer is congested when not store all the packets if the packet came simultaneously from all traffic flows 5. The multiplexing apparatus according to any one of 4 to 4 . The buffer status monitoring unit monitors the traffic volume and packet generation interval of each flow that occurred in the immediately preceding fixed period, and outputs congestion information when it is assumed that a buffer overflow will occur if the status is assumed to continue The multiplexing device according to claim 1 , wherein the multiplexing device is a device. A packet transfer control method in a multiplexing device that multiplexes packets of a plurality of input traffic flows by a multiplexing unit and stores them in a buffer,
For each traffic flow that is input before being multiplexed by the multiplexing unit, packet transfer is performed according to the relationship between setting information relating to transfer conditions set in advance for each traffic flow and the state of the packet arriving at the traffic flow. Processing, transfer / discard selection processing, and discard processing are determined, and each arriving traffic flow packet is forwarded to the multiplexing unit and discarded according to the determined processing. In the multiplexing apparatus characterized in that if there is congestion information indicating that the packet in the buffer is in a congested state, discard processing is performed; otherwise, the packet priority is lowered and transfer processing to the multiplexing unit is performed. Packet transfer control method.

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