JP4829149B2 - COMMUNICATION DEVICE, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, AND TRANSMISSION CONTROL METHOD - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a communication device, a communication system, and a transmission control method.

  A data access service in the third generation mobile communication system employs W-TCP (Wireless Profiled TCP) (RFC3481) in which TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is optimized for mobile communication. In TCP, if the acknowledgment (Ack) is not received within the time until the retransmission timer value (RTO: Retransmission Time Out) after transmitting the data, it is determined that the transmission data has been lost, and the same data is retransmitted. Do. Note that the retransmission timer value is also called a retransmission timeout time or the like.

  In the data retransmission in TCP, when the retransmission timer value is small, the retransmission timer expires before the Ack transmitted on the reception side reaches the transmission side, and the data that has not been lost is excessively retransmitted (spurious retransmission). On the other hand, if the retransmission timer value is large, data cannot be retransmitted immediately even in a situation where the connection environment is temporarily deteriorated, so that the non-communication time becomes longer and the user experience speed decreases.

In order to appropriately set the retransmission timer value, conventionally, a transmission delay related to data transmission is measured, and the retransmission timer value is dynamically updated based on the transmission delay (for example, patents). Reference 1 and 2). Also, the method for updating the retransmission timer value is defined in RFC2988.
JP 2006-135454 A JP 2004-253934 A

  However, the above-described conventional method for updating a retransmission timer value has the following problems. That is, in the retransmission timer value update method according to the above-described prior art, in the retransmission timer value update, the absolute value of the difference between the transmission delay measurement value and the average value is reflected in the retransmission timer value with a constant weight. When the transmission delay fluctuates rapidly and the increase / decrease amount increases, there is a problem that the retransmission timer increases unnecessarily. Also, if the amount of variation (dispersion value) in the transmission delay is small, the retransmission timer value will approach a value close to the average value of the transmission delay, so a timeout is detected if the transmission delay suddenly changes and the transmission delay increases. There was a problem that unnecessary retransmission occurred.

  If the retransmission timer value is not appropriate as described above, it leads to a decrease in service quality such as a decrease in user experience speed and a waste of network resources, such as a double retransmission and an increase in a no-communication state.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and in data transmission, it is possible to prevent double retransmission and an increase in no-communication state even when the transmission delay fluctuates rapidly. An object of the present invention is to provide a communication device, a communication system, and a transmission control method that can set an appropriate retransmission timer value.

In order to achieve the above object, a communication device according to the present invention is transmitted from a counterpart device in response to transmission of data by the transmission unit and a transmission unit that transmits data to the counterpart device via a communication network. Confirmation response receiving means for receiving the confirmation response, and the time from when the data is transmitted to the counterpart device by the transmission means until the confirmation response is received from the counterpart device by the confirmation response reception means for each counterpart device. After transmitting data to the counterpart device by the transmission delay measuring means for measuring the transmission delay and the transmission means, the confirmation response receiving means receives the confirmation response within the retransmission timer value set for each counterpart device. A retransmission control means for controlling the transmission means to retransmit the data to the counterpart device, and the transmission delay measured by the set retransmission timer value and the transmission delay measurement means. Doo is based on the deviation state indicating which value away much, and a retransmission timer value calculating means for updating by calculating the retransmission timer value for each said destination apparatus, the retransmission timer value calculating means, discrepancy When the retransmission timer value is larger than the threshold set based on the transmission delay, the status is “deviation”, and the set retransmission timer value is smaller than the transmission delay, or the confirmation response receiving means did not receive the confirmation response. In this case, “timeout”, “separation”, and “timeout” are determined as “normal”, and the retransmission timer value calculation formula selected when the deviation state is determined as “deviation” stores an expression that a retransmission timer value that is updated the value obtained by integrating a predetermined damping coefficient to the set retransmission timer value, the divergence state is "normal" and "timeout" Re as a retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when it is determined whether a retransmission timer value that is updated at least lower than value not the sum of the transmission delay and the predetermined margin value measured by transmission delay measuring means The retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected based on the determination whether the threshold is exceeded, and the retransmission timer value is calculated based on the selected retransmission timer value calculation formula. Features.

  In the communication apparatus according to the present invention, the retransmission timer value is calculated and updated based on the divergence state between the set retransmission timer value and the transmission delay. Thereby, when the divergence between the retransmission timer value and the transmission delay is large, the retransmission timer value can be calculated so as to reduce the divergence. When the deviation is small, the retransmission timer value can be calculated so as to keep the retransmission timer value and the transmission delay at an appropriate interval. Therefore, according to the communication apparatus according to the present invention, an appropriate retransmission timer value is set that makes it possible to prevent an increase in double retransmission or no communication even when the transmission delay fluctuates rapidly. be able to.

The retransmission timer value calculation means stores a plurality of retransmission timer value calculation formulas for calculating the retransmission timer value, and selects and selects the retransmission timer value calculation formula used for calculating the retransmission timer value based on the divergence state. it calculates the retransmission timer value based on the retransmission timer value calculation formula. According to this configuration, the present invention can be implemented easily and reliably.

The retransmission timer value calculation means determines whether the set retransmission timer value exceeds a threshold set based on the transmission delay, and calculates a retransmission timer value selected when it is determined that the threshold exceeds the threshold As a formula, a formula that stores a value obtained by adding a predetermined attenuation coefficient to a set retransmission timer value as a retransmission timer value to be updated is stored, and a retransmission timer that is selected when it is determined that the threshold is not exceeded As a value calculation formula, a formula that stores a value that does not fall below at least the sum of the transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring means and a predetermined margin value as the retransmit timer value to be updated is stored . According to this configuration, an appropriate retransmission timer value can be set more reliably.

The transmission delay history management means for storing the transmission delay history measured by the transmission delay measurement means for each counterpart device is further provided, and the retransmission timer value calculation means determines that the divergence state is “normal”. It is desirable to acquire a transmission delay history stored by the transmission delay history management means and calculate a retransmission timer value using the transmission delay history. According to this configuration, since the history of transmission delay is taken into account in the calculation of the retransmission timer value, a more appropriate retransmission timer value can be set.

  The retransmission timer value calculation means calculates the fluctuation amount of the transmission delay from the transmission delay history stored in the transmission delay history management means, and includes whether or not the calculated retransmission timer value needs to be corrected. When it is determined based on a predetermined determination rule and it is determined that correction is necessary, it is desirable to correct the calculated retransmission timer value based on the variation amount. According to this configuration, double transmission of data can be prevented more reliably.

  By the way, the present invention can be described as an invention of a communication apparatus as described above, and can also be described as an invention of a communication system and a transmission control method as follows. This is substantially the same invention only in different categories and the like, and has the same operations and effects.

That is, a communication system according to the present invention is a communication system including a communication device and one or more counterpart devices to which data is transmitted from the communication device. Transmitting means for transmitting data to the partner apparatus via the terminal, confirmation response receiving means for receiving a confirmation response transmitted from the partner apparatus in response to the transmission of data by the transmitting means, and sending data to the partner apparatus by the transmitting means. Transmission delay measuring means for measuring the time from transmission to reception of a confirmation response from the counterpart device by the confirmation response receiving means as a transmission delay for each counterpart device, and data to the counterpart device by the transmission means After transmission, within the retransmission timer value set for each counterpart device, it is detected that the confirmation response is not received by the acknowledgment reception means, and the data is retransmitted to the counterpart device. Based on the divergence state indicating how far the set retransmission timer value and the transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring means are different from each other, the retransmission control means for controlling the transmitting means A retransmission timer value calculating means for calculating and updating the retransmission timer value, and the destination device receives the data transmitted from the communication device via the communication network, and the receiving device receives the data. And an acknowledgment transmission means for transmitting an acknowledgment to the communication device, wherein the retransmission timer value calculation means indicates a divergence state when the retransmission timer value is greater than a threshold set based on the transmission delay. Deviation ”and“ timeout ”,“ deviation ”and“ timeout ”when the set retransmission timer value is smaller than the transmission delay or the acknowledgment response means does not receive the acknowledgment. "To neither" bets normal "and respectively determined, the divergence state" as a retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when it is determined that divergence ", predetermined to set the retransmission timer value As a retransmission timer value calculation formula to be selected when a value obtained by integrating the attenuation coefficient is stored as a retransmit timer value to be updated and the deviation state is determined to be “normal” or “timeout” , Stores an expression that uses a value that is at least not less than the sum of the transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring means and a predetermined margin value as an updated retransmission timer value, and determines whether the threshold is exceeded. Based on the selected retransmission timer value calculation formula, the retransmission timer value is calculated based on the selected retransmission timer value calculation formula.

Further, the transmission control method according to the present invention includes a transmission step of transmitting data to a counterpart device via a communication network, and a confirmation of receiving a confirmation response transmitted from the counterpart device in response to the transmission of data in the transmission step. Response reception step and transmission for measuring the time from transmission of data to the counterpart device in the transmission step to reception of the confirmation response from the counterpart device in the confirmation response reception step as a transmission delay for each counterpart device After the data is transmitted to the partner device in the delay measurement step and the transmission step, it is detected that the confirmation response is not received in the confirmation response receiving step within the retransmission timer value set for each partner device. A retransmission control step for controlling data to be retransmitted to the counterpart device, a set retransmission timer value and a transmission delay measurement step. A retransmission timer value calculation step for calculating and updating a retransmission timer value for each counterpart device based on a divergence state indicating how far the measured transmission delay is in In the timer value calculation step, the divergence state is “divergence” when the retransmission timer value is larger than a threshold set based on the transmission delay, and the set retransmission timer value is smaller than the transmission delay or in the acknowledgment reception step. It is selected when “acknowledgement” is not received, “timeout”, “separation” and “timeout” are judged as “normal”, and the divergence state is judged as “deviation”. As a retransmission timer value calculation formula, a value obtained by adding a predetermined attenuation coefficient to a set retransmission timer value is stored in advance as a retransmit timer value to be updated. If, as the retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when the deviation state is determined to be either "normal" and "time-out", the margin value which is predetermined and the transmission delay is measured in transmission delay measuring step Select a retransmission timer value calculation formula from pre-stored formulas that use a value that is not less than the sum of the retransmission timer values to be updated, and calculate the retransmission timer value based on the selected retransmission timer value calculation formula It is characterized by.

  In the present invention, when the deviation between the retransmission timer value and the transmission delay is large, the retransmission timer value can be calculated so as to reduce the deviation. When the deviation is small, the retransmission timer value can be calculated so as to keep the retransmission timer value and the transmission delay at an appropriate interval. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to set an appropriate retransmission timer value that makes it possible to prevent an increase in double retransmission or no communication even when the transmission delay fluctuates rapidly.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a communication device, a communication system, and a transmission control method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  1 includes a server 400 that is a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, a server 400, and a client apparatus 100 that is a partner apparatus of the server 400 and that transmits and receives data via the communication networks 1 and 2. 1 shows a communication system 10 to be used. In addition, the communication system 10 includes a wireless communication network 1, a wired communication network 2, a wireless control device 200, and a POI (Point of Interface) 300 that constitute a transmission path for communication between the server 400 and the client terminal 100. .

  The wireless communication network 1 is a communication network that is connected by wireless connection from the client terminal 100 via the wireless control device 200. Specifically, the wireless communication network 1 is, for example, a WAN (Wide Area Network) or a LAN (Local Area Network) connected to a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) configured by the wireless control device 200, or the wireless control device 200. It takes the form of the exchange network of the mobile phone system comprised including.

  The wired communication network 2 is a communication network between terminals connected by wire. A server 400 is connected to the wired communication network 2. The wired communication network 2 is connected to the wireless communication network 1 via the POI 300. Specifically, the wired communication network 2 takes the form of a LAN or the Internet, for example.

  The client terminal 100 is a communication device used by a user. Specifically, for example, the client terminal 100 takes the form of a mobile phone capable of performing wireless communication or a notebook PC (Personal Computer) terminal having a wireless communication function. The client terminal 100 performs wireless communication by establishing a wireless link with the wireless control device 200. The client terminal 100 receives data transmitted from the server 400, as will be described in more detail later. Further, when data is received from the server 400, a reception response signal indicating that the data has been received is transmitted to the server. Data transmitted from the server 400 is content data such as Web data, for example. The client terminal 100 includes an application such as a Web browser that transmits / receives data to / from the server 400 and uses the data. Although only one client terminal 100 is illustrated in FIG. 1, the communication system 10 normally includes a plurality of client terminals 100.

  FIG. 2 shows a hardware configuration of the client terminal 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the client terminal 100 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1001, a random access memory (RAM) 1002 and a ROM 1003 (read only memory), an operation unit 1004, a wireless communication unit 1005, and a display 1006. In addition, hardware such as the antenna 1007 is configured. By operating these components, the above functions and the functions of the client terminal 100 described later are exhibited.

  The wireless control device 200 is a device that establishes a wireless link 3 with the client terminal 100 and connects the client terminal 100 to the wireless communication network 1. That is, the wireless control device 200 functions as a wireless interface between the client terminal 100 and the wireless communication network 1. Specifically, the wireless control device 200 takes the form of a wireless LAN access point (AP) or a base station device of a mobile phone system, for example.

  The POI 300 is a device that connects the wireless communication network 1 and the wired communication network 2 to each other. Specifically, the POI 300 takes the form of a router device, for example.

  The server 400 is a device that stores data to be transmitted to the client terminal 100 and transmits the data in response to a request from the client terminal 100. One form of data transmission is one that distributes content. Specifically, the server 400 takes the form of, for example, a Web server or an FTP (File Transfer Protocol) server. The server 400 is connected to the wired communication network 2 and communicates with the client terminal 100 via the wired communication network 2, the POI 300, the wireless communication network 1, and the wireless control device 200 in this order. The server 400 performs data retransmission control, as will be described in more detail later. Specifically, when the confirmation response corresponding to the transmission of the data is not received from the client terminal 100 in the time from the transmission of the data to the client terminal 100 to the retransmission timer value, the same data is transmitted to the client terminal 100 again. To do.

  FIG. 3 shows a hardware configuration of the server 400. As shown in FIG. 3, the server 400 is configured as a computer including hardware such as a CPU 4001, RAM 4002 and ROM 4003 that are main storage devices, a communication module 4004 for performing communication, and an auxiliary storage device 4005 such as a hard disk. . By operating these components, the above functions and the functions of the server 400 described later are exhibited.

  Next, FIG. 4 shows a protocol stack of the communication system 10. Communication between the client terminal 100, the radio network controller 200, the POI 300, and the server 400 is performed according to layer 1 and layer 2. In addition, communication according to IP (Internet Protocol) is performed between the client terminal 100 and the server 400, communication according to TCP is performed at a higher level, and an application layer protocol (APL) at a higher level. ) Communication is performed. In TCP, as described above, communication waiting for a confirmation response for each data transmission, that is, confirmation-type communication is performed.

  Subsequently, functional configurations of the client terminal 100 and the server 400 according to the present embodiment will be described. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the client terminal 100 includes a wireless interface 101, an IP processing unit 102, an application processing unit 103, and a TCP processing unit 104.

  The wireless interface 101 is a unit that functions as an interface with the wireless communication network 1. Specifically, the wireless interface 101 establishes a wireless link 3 with the wireless control device 200 and connects to the wireless communication network 1 via the wireless control device 200. The wireless interface 101 includes an antenna, a high frequency (RF) processing unit, a baseband (BB) processing unit, and the like.

  The IP processing unit 102 provides a function for identifying the client terminal 100 in the wireless communication network 1 and the wired communication network 2 based on the address notified from the wireless communication network 1 or a unique address set in the client terminal 100 by the user. It is.

  The application processing unit 103 is means for executing an application used by the user, such as a Web browser, an FTP client, or a mail client.

  The TCP processing unit 104 is a receiving unit that receives data transmitted from the server 400 via the communication network in accordance with an instruction from the application processing unit 103 or the like. The TCP processing unit 104 outputs the received data to the application processing unit 103. When receiving data, the TCP processing unit 104 is also an acknowledgment transmission unit that transmits an acknowledgment (Ack) indicating the data reception result to the server 400. The TCP processing unit 104 also transmits data to the server 400 according to TCP. In addition, the TCP processing unit 104 has a function that enables highly reliable communication through retransmission control and congestion control according to TCP. Note that data transmission / reception by the TCP processing unit 104 is performed via the wireless link 3 established by the wireless interface 101, and is performed after an identification function is provided by the IP processing unit 102. The above is the configuration of the client terminal 100.

  Next, the functional configuration of the server 400 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the server 400 includes a network interface 401, an IP processing unit 402, an application processing unit 403, a TCP transmission / reception unit 404, a transmission delay measurement unit 405, a retransmission control unit 406, a transmission delay history database. 407, a divergence state determination unit 408, and a retransmission timer value calculation unit 409.

  The network interface 401 is means for establishing a connection with the wired communication network 2 and functioning as an interface with the wired communication network 2. Specifically, the network interface 401 takes the form of an Ethernet (registered trademark) interface, for example.

  The IP processing unit 402 is a means for providing the identification function of the server 400 in the wireless communication network 1 and the wired communication network 2 based on the address notified from the wired communication network 2 or a unique address set in the server 400 by the user.

  The application processing unit 403 is a unit that executes an application such as a Web server, an FTP server, or a mail server, and provides a server function of the server 400 in response to a request from the client terminal 100. Specifically, the application processing unit 403 provides a server function by transmitting data corresponding to a request from the client terminal 100 to the client terminal 100. Data to be transmitted is output to the TCP transmission / reception unit 404, and data transmission is performed by the TCP transmission / reception unit 404.

  The TCP transmission / reception unit 404 is a transmission unit that transmits data to the client terminal 100 that is a counterpart device. The data transmission is performed in accordance with an instruction from the application processing unit 403, for example, in units of packets. When the data is transmitted, the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 notifies the transmission delay measurement unit 405 and the retransmission control unit 406 of the data transmission time information as the data transmission time. The TCP transmission / reception unit 404 is confirmation response receiving means for receiving a confirmation response transmitted from the client terminal 100 in response to data transmission. When receiving the confirmation response, the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 notifies the transmission delay measurement unit 405 and the retransmission control unit 406 of the information on the time when the confirmation response was received as the confirmation response reception time. The output of the data transmission time and the confirmation response reception time is performed so that the data and the client terminal 100 can be specified. Specifically, the output of the data transmission time and the confirmation response reception time is performed in association with the IP address and data identifier of the client terminal 100 related to data transmission.

  Data transmission / reception by the TCP processing unit 104 is performed via the network interface 401 via the wired communication network 2, the POI 300, the wireless communication network 1, and the wireless control device 200. Data transmission / reception is performed after the identification function by the IP processing unit 402 is provided.

  The transmission delay measurement unit 405 is a transmission delay measurement unit that measures the time from when the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 transmits data to the client terminal 100 until reception of the confirmation response as a transmission delay. Specifically, the transmission delay measurement unit 405 calculates (measures) the difference between the data transmission time notified from the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 and the confirmation response reception time as a transmission delay. This calculation is performed for each client terminal 100. The transmission delay measurement unit 405 outputs the measured transmission delay information to the transmission delay history database 407 and the divergence state determination unit 408 in association with the information specifying the client terminal 100.

  The retransmission control unit 406 detects that no confirmation response is received within the retransmission timer value after the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 transmits data to the client terminal 100, and the client terminal 100 receives the confirmation response. Retransmission control means for controlling the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 so as to retransmit data that is not received. The retransmission timer value is a value set for each client terminal 100 and is stored in the retransmission control unit 406. Specifically, the retransmission control unit 406 starts measuring the time by the retransmission determination timer from the data transmission time notified from the TCP transmission / reception unit 404, and the acknowledgment reception time related to the data is not notified by the retransmission timer value. In this case, the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 is controlled to retransmit.

  The transmission delay history database 407 is a transmission delay history management unit that stores a history of information indicating the transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring unit 405 for each client terminal 100. The transmission delay history database 407 stores, for each client terminal 100, information indicating the transmission delay from the information indicating the latest transmission delay to the Nth time in the form of “M times before: OOms”.

  The divergence state determination unit 408 is one function of a retransmission timer value calculation unit that determines a divergence state between the retransmission timer value set in the retransmission control unit 406 and the transmission delay input from the transmission delay measurement unit 405. The determination of the deviation state is performed for each data. Note that the retransmission timer value is stored in the divergence state determination unit 408 in the same manner as the retransmission control unit 406.

  Specifically, for example, the divergence state determination unit 408 determines whether the divergence state is “separation”, “normal”, or “timeout” by a rule for determining the divergence state as follows. The deviation state “separation” indicates that the retransmission timer value is much larger than the transmission delay. The deviation state “normal” indicates that the retransmission timer value is not much larger than the transmission delay, but larger than the transmission delay. The divergence state “time-out” indicates that the retransmission timer value is smaller than the transmission delay, or that a confirmation response has not been received due to a failure in data transmission / reception. That is, the divergence state “timeout” indicates that data retransmission has occurred.

As a rule for determining the divergence state, for example, a rule including a determination formula in which a threshold set based on transmission delay is set as follows.
If retransmission timer value> measured transmission delay × determination coefficient is satisfied, it is determined as “divergence”. Here, the determination coefficient is a value stored in advance in the divergence state determination unit 408, and is a value serving as a reference for determining how far the retransmission timer value is from the transmission delay. For example, a value of about 2 is used as the determination coefficient.
If the retransmission timer value <measured transmission delay is satisfied, it is determined as “timeout”. In addition, when a transmission / reception failure occurs and transmission delay is not measured, it is determined as “timeout”. If it is neither “Deviation” nor “Timeout”, it is determined as “Normal”. The divergence state determination unit 408 outputs information indicating the determined divergence state to the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 in association with information specifying the client terminal 100.

  The retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 is a retransmission timer value calculation unit that calculates a retransmission timer value for each client terminal 100 and updates the retransmission timer value set in the retransmission control unit 406. Specifically, as described below, retransmission timer value calculation section 409 stores a plurality of retransmission timer value calculation formulas for calculating retransmission timer values, and relates to information input from divergence state determination section 408. A retransmission timer value calculation formula used for calculation of the retransmission timer value is selected based on the deviation state, and the retransmission timer value is calculated based on the selected retransmission time calculation formula. That is, the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 stores three retransmission timer value calculation formulas corresponding to the deviation states of “divergence”, “normal”, and “timeout”.

When the divergence state is “divergence”, the following retransmission timer value calculation formula is used.
Retransmission timer value = RTO attenuation coefficient × current (before calculation) retransmission timer value Here, the RTO attenuation coefficient is a numerical value determined in advance and stored in retransmission timer value calculation section 409. Specifically, a numerical value of about 0.85 is used as the RTO attenuation coefficient. That is, the retransmission timer value is set to 85%. The above retransmission timer value calculation formula is intended to greatly reduce the retransmission timer value so as not to approach the transmission delay.

When the deviation state is “normal”, the following retransmission timer value calculation formula is used. When the deviation state is “normal”, the accumulated RTT fluctuation amount is calculated every time the transmission delay is measured in order to use the accumulated RTT (Round Trip Time) fluctuation amount for calculating the retransmission timer value. The accumulated RTT fluctuation amount is calculated as a value obtained by adding a value obtained by subtracting the previous transmission delay from the measured transmission delay. That is,
Accumulated RTT fluctuation amount + = (Measured transmission delay-previous transmission delay)
It is. Information indicating the previous transmission delay is acquired from the transmission delay history database 407. The accumulated RTT fluctuation amount is cleared when the retransmission timer value is calculated and updated (the accumulated RTT fluctuation amount = 0).

When the accumulated RTT fluctuation amount satisfies the following condition, a retransmission timer value is calculated. If the condition is not satisfied, the retransmission timer value is not calculated and updated.
| Accumulated RTT fluctuation amount |> RTT follow-up sensitivity Here, the RTT follow-up sensitivity is a numerical value determined in advance and stored in the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409. Specifically, a value of about 30 ms is used as the RTT tracking sensitivity. The above condition is based on the intention that the retransmission timer value is not calculated again after the retransmission timer value is calculated and updated, as long as the measured transmission delay does not vary greatly. .

When the retransmission timer value is calculated, the following retransmission timer value calculation formula is used.
Retransmission timer value = max (current (before calculation) retransmission timer value + accumulated RTT fluctuation amount,
(Measured transmission delay + minimum margin)
Here, the minimum margin is a numerical value determined in advance and stored in the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409. Specifically, a value of about 40 ms is used as the minimum margin. Further, max (A, B) is a function whose function value is any one of A and B. The retransmission timer value calculation formula including the condition on whether to perform the above calculation is intended to prevent the retransmission timer value from being too close to the transmission delay according to the variation state of the transmission delay.

When the deviation state is “timeout”, the following retransmission timer value calculation formula is used.
Retransmission timer value = measured transmission delay + minimum margin Here, the minimum margin is the same as the retransmission timer value calculation formula when the deviation state is “normal”. The above retransmission timer value calculation formula is intended to increase a certain amount (statistically minimum amount necessary as a deviation amount between the transmission delay and the retransmission timer value) with respect to the current transmission delay. .

  As described above, when the divergence state is “normal” and “timeout”, the calculated retransmission timer value is not less than the sum of the measured transmission delay and a predetermined margin value (minimum margin). Value. This is because an appropriate retransmission timer value is obtained by setting the retransmission timer value to a value larger than the measured transmission delay by a margin value.

  The retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 updates the retransmission timer value in the retransmission control unit 406 with the calculated retransmission timer value. The retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 outputs the calculated retransmission timer value to the divergence state determination unit 408 as a retransmission timer value used for determination of the divergence state. If the retransmission timer value calculation formula as described above is used, an appropriate retransmission timer value can be set more reliably.

  It may be preferable to correct the calculated retransmission timer value, and the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 corrects the calculated retransmission timer value as necessary. The correction of the retransmission timer value will be described later. The above is the configuration of the server 400.

  Subsequently, processing (transmission control method) executed by the client terminal 100 and the server 400 included in the communication system 10 will be described using the sequence diagram of FIG.

  First, in the server 400, data is transmitted to the client terminal 100 by the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 (S01, transmission step). This data transmission is performed, for example, when an input to acquire user data is made at the client terminal 100 and a data acquisition request is made from the client terminal 100 to the server 400 using the input as a trigger. Is called. Data transmission is performed by determining data to be transmitted by the application processing unit 403 in response to the acquisition request and instructing the TCP transmitting / receiving unit 404 to transmit data. Data is transmitted through the network interface 401 via the wired communication network 2, the POI 300, the wireless communication network 1, and the wireless control device 200.

  In the server 400, simultaneously with the data transmission, the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 notifies the transmission delay measurement unit 405 and the retransmission control unit 406 of the data transmission time (S02). Subsequently, in the retransmission control unit 406 notified of the data transmission time, a retransmission control timer is started and time measurement is started (S03, retransmission control step).

  On the other hand, in the client terminal 100 to which data is transmitted from the server 400, the data is received by the TCP processing unit 104 through the wireless interface 101 (S01, reception step). When the data is received, a confirmation response is transmitted to the server 400 by the TCP processing unit 104 (S04, confirmation response transmission step). Data is transmitted through the wireless interface 101 via the wireless control device 200, the wireless communication network 1, the POI 300, and the wired communication network 2. Data received by the TCP processing unit 104 is output to the application processing unit 103 and used in the application processing unit 103.

  In the server 400 to which the confirmation response is transmitted from the client terminal 100, the confirmation response is received by the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 through the network interface 401 (S04, confirmation response reception step). From the confirmation response, it is possible to specify which data transmission is the confirmation response and from which client terminal 100 is the transmission. Subsequently, the acknowledgment time is notified from the TCP transmitting / receiving unit 404 to the transmission delay measuring unit 405 and the retransmission control unit 406 (S05). Subsequently, the retransmission control unit 406 notified of the confirmation response time stops the retransmission control timer and ends the time measurement (S06, retransmission control step). Since the fact that the confirmation response has been received is notified from the start of time measurement to the expiration of the retransmission time value, no retransmission is performed. If the confirmation response time is not notified from the time measurement start until the retransmission time value expires, the retransmission control unit 406 controls the data transmission / reception to the TCP transmission / reception unit 404 to perform the data retransmission. Is called.

  On the other hand, the transmission delay measuring unit 405 notified of the confirmation response time measures the transmission delay related to the data transmission from the data transmission time and the confirmation response reception time (S07, transmission delay measurement step). Information indicating the measured transmission delay is output from the transmission delay measurement unit 405 to the transmission delay history database 407 and the deviation state determination unit 408 (S08). In the transmission delay history database 407, the history stored by the information indicating the input transmission delay is updated (S09, transmission history management step).

  On the other hand, a divergence state between the retransmission timer value and the transmission delay is determined by the divergence state determination unit 408 to which the information indicating the transmission delay is input (S10, retransmission timer value calculation step). Information indicating the determined divergence state is input from the divergence state determination unit 408 to the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 (S11). At the time of this input, information indicating the current retransmission timer value and transmission delay used for calculating the retransmission timer value is also input.

  Subsequently, the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 selects a retransmission timer value calculation formula to be used for calculating the retransmission timer value based on the input information indicating the determined divergence state (S12, retransmission timer value calculation step). ). Subsequently, according to the selected retransmission timer value calculation formula or the like, transmission delay history information is acquired from the transmission delay history database 407 by the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 as necessary for the calculation of the retransmission timer value. (S13, retransmission timer value calculation step). Subsequently, the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 calculates a new retransmission timer value based on the selected retransmission timer value calculation formula (S14, retransmission timer value calculation step).

  Subsequently, the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 notifies the retransmission control unit 406 and the divergence state determination unit 408 of the calculated new retransmission timer value (S15, retransmission timer value calculation step). In retransmission control section 406, a new retransmission timer value is set as a retransmission timer value used for retransmission control (S16, retransmission timer value calculation step). That is, the retransmission timer value is updated with the new retransmission timer value. On the other hand, the divergence state determination unit 408 stores the new retransmission timer value as a retransmission timer value for determining the divergence state next (S17). Note that retransmission control and retransmission timer value calculation and update processing are performed for each client terminal 100 uniquely identified by an IP address or the like as described above. The above is the processing executed by the client terminal 100 and the server 400 included in the communication system 10. This process is repeated each time data is transmitted from the server 400 to the client terminal 100.

  Next, correction of the retransmission timer value calculated as described above by the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 will be described. This correction is performed when the calculated retransmission timer value may be smaller than the next transmission delay, as shown in the graph of FIG. If the retransmission timer value becomes smaller than the transmission delay, unnecessary retransmission occurs. Here, the horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 8 is the axis of the number of times data is transmitted from the server 400 to the client terminal 100, where “n” is current (when the retransmission timer value is calculated) and “n−1” is current. "N + 1" indicates the transmission delay measurement time one time before (future) after the present time. Further, the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 8 is a time axis indicating the transmission delay and the retransmission timer value.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the retransmission timer value 81 calculated by the above-described method at time “n” is “n” having the same magnitude as the variation ΔRTT of the transmission delay from “n−1” to “n”. When there is a variation in transmission delay from “n + 1”, it becomes smaller than the transmission delay 82 at the time “n + 1”. Therefore, the corrected retransmission timer value 83 is calculated so that the retransmission timer value does not become smaller than the transmission delay 82 even when such a transmission delay 82 is reached. Specifically, the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 performs the following processing.

First, it is determined whether or not correction is necessary based on the following determination rule that is preset and stored by the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409. For this determination, a determination formula including the following transmission delay fluctuation amount ΔRTT is used. When satisfying this determination expression, min is determined that correction is necessary (transmission delay RTT + transmission delay variation DerutaRTT, transmission delay RTT + upper compensation amount delta _MAX)> calculated retransmission timer value should be noted that variations in the transmission delay The amount ΔRTT is calculated by the following equation with reference to history information in the transmission delay history database 407.
Transmission variation amount DerutaRTT = transmission delay measured delay - previous transmission delay In the above determination formulas, upper compensation amount delta _MAX is a value stored in advance in the retransmission timer value calculating section 409, for example, statistical Is a value set as a value that covers 99% of the range in which the fluctuation amount of the transmission delay is shifted in the positive direction. Further, min (A, B) is a function having a function value that is smaller of either A or B.

When it is determined that correction is necessary as described above, a retransmission timer value 83 which is preset and stored by the retransmission timer value calculation unit 409 and corrected by the following retransmission timer value calculation formula is calculated.
Retransmission timer value = min (transmission delay RTT + transmission delay variation DerutaRTT, transmission delay RTT + upper compensation amount delta _MAX) + minimum margin This calculation is performed in step (S14) of calculating the retransmission timer value of FIG. The minimum margin is the same as described above.

Next, FIG. 9 shows a graph showing the transition of the retransmission timer value updated according to the transmission delay in the server 400 according to the present embodiment. The horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 9 is an axis of the number of times data is transmitted from the server 400 to the client terminal 100, and the vertical axis is a time axis indicating the transmission delay and the retransmission timer value. FIG. 9 shows the retransmission timer value updated by the conventional method. In the conventional method, the retransmission timer value RTO is calculated by the following equation.
diff = | (srtt−rtt) |
dev = 3/4 × dev + 1/4 × diff
srtt = 7/8 × srtt + 1/8 × rtt
Retransmission timer value RTO = srtt + 4 × dev
Here, rtt is the measured transmission delay value, srtt is the average value of rtt (initial value = 0), diff is the absolute value of the difference between srtt and rtt, and dev is the average value of the deviation of the transmission delay. (Initial values are 200 when the first rtt is 100 or less, and rtt × 2 otherwise).

  In the conventional method, the average value and deviation of transmission delay (absolute value of the difference between the measured value of transmission delay and the average value) are reflected in the retransmission timer value with a constant weight, and the current retransmission timer value as in this embodiment. Does not affect the retransmit timer value that is updated.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the number of packet transmissions with little variation in transmission delay is in the range of N1, N3, and N5, in this embodiment, the retransmission timer value is a value that takes a certain distance from the transmission delay ( The divergence state is normal). On the other hand, even in the conventional method, the transmission delay does not vary so much, and therefore the value is obtained by adding a slight margin to the average value of the transmission delay.

  Even in the range where the number of packet transmissions where the transmission delay increases rapidly is N2, in this embodiment, the retransmission timer value takes a certain distance from the transmission delay (the divergence state is “normal”). On the other hand, in the conventional method, since the transmission delay exceeds the retransmission timer value, a timeout occurs and data is retransmitted. Here, the data is not lost (packet loss), but only the transmission delay is increased, so that unnecessary data is retransmitted.

  In the present embodiment, the divergence state is determined to be “deviation” in the range where the number of packet transmissions in which the transmission delay rapidly decreases is N4. Therefore, the retransmission timer value is substantially reduced by the distance between the transmission delay and the transmission timer value. It is the value which took. On the other hand, in the conventional method, since the transmission delay deviation increases due to a sudden increase in the transmission delay, the retransmission timer value also increases unnecessarily greatly. If data loss (packet loss) occurs at this timing, the retransmission timing is delayed, the no-communication time is lengthened, and the user experience speed decreases.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the retransmission timer value is calculated and updated based on the deviation state between the set retransmission timer value and the transmission delay. Thereby, when the divergence between the retransmission timer value and the transmission delay is large, the retransmission timer value can be calculated so as to reduce the divergence. When the deviation is small, the retransmission timer value can be calculated so as to keep the retransmission timer value and the transmission delay at an appropriate interval. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to set an appropriate retransmission timer value that makes it possible to prevent an increase in double retransmission or no-communication state even when the transmission delay fluctuates rapidly. .

  Further, as in the present embodiment, a retransmission timer value calculation formula is stored in the server 400 in advance and a retransmission timer value calculation formula to be used according to the divergence state is selected, and based on the selected retransmission timer value calculation formula If the retransmission timer value is configured, the present invention can be implemented easily and reliably.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, a transmission delay history database 407 storing a transmission delay history is provided, and not only the transmission delay measured when the retransmission timer value is calculated, but also the previous transmission delay is determined as the retransmission timer value. Since the transmission delay history is taken into account in the calculation of the retransmission timer value, it is possible to set a retransmission timer value that is more appropriate and more accurate for the variation state of the transmission delay.

  Further, as in this embodiment, if the retransmission timer value calculated by the retransmission timer value calculation formula is corrected as necessary, double transmission of data can be more reliably prevented.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the communication system containing the server which is a communication apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the client terminal which is an other party apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the server which is a communication apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the protocol stack of a communication system. It is a figure which shows the function structure of the client terminal which is an other party apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the function structure of the server which is a communication apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a sequence diagram which shows the process (transmission control method) performed with the client terminal and server which are included in the communication system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the calculated retransmission timer value, the variation | change_quantity of transmission delay, and the retransmission timer value after correction | amendment. 6 is a graph showing a transition of a retransmission timer value updated according to a transmission delay in the server 400 according to the embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wireless communication network, 2 ... Wired communication network, 10 ... Communication system, 100 ... Client terminal, 101 ... Wireless interface, 102 ... IP processing part, 103 ... Application processing part, 104 ... TCP processing part, 1001 ... CPU, 1002 ... RAM, 1003 ... ROM, 1004 ... operation unit, 1005 ... radio communication unit, 1006 ... display, 1007 ... antenna, 200 ... radio control device, 300 ... POI, 400 ... server, 401 ... network interface, 402 ... IP processing unit , 403 ... Application processing unit, 404 ... TCP transmission / reception unit, 405 ... Transmission delay measurement unit, 406 ... Retransmission control unit, 407 ... Transmission delay history database, 408 ... Deviation state determination unit, 409 ... Retransmission timer value calculation unit, 4001 ... CPU, 4002 ... RAM, 4003 ... R M, 4004 ... communication module, 4005 ... auxiliary storage device.

Claims (5)

A transmission means for transmitting data to a counterpart device via a communication network;
An acknowledgment receiving means for receiving an acknowledgment sent from the counterpart device in response to the transmission of the data by the transmitting means;
The time from when the transmission unit transmits the data to the counterpart device until the confirmation response reception unit receives the confirmation response from the counterpart device is measured as a transmission delay for each counterpart device. A transmission delay measuring means;
After transmitting the data to the counterpart device by the transmission means, it is detected that the confirmation response is not received by the acknowledgment response means within the retransmission timer value set for each counterpart device. A retransmission control means for controlling the transmission means to retransmit the data to the counterpart device;
Based on the divergence state indicating how far the set retransmission timer value is different from the transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring means, the retransmission timer value is calculated for each counterpart device A retransmission timer value calculation means for updating,
The retransmission timer value calculation means determines that the divergence state is “divergence” when the retransmission timer value is larger than a threshold set based on the transmission delay, and the set retransmission timer value is smaller than the transmission delay. Alternatively, when a confirmation response is not received by the confirmation response receiving means, it is determined that “timeout” is not “separation” or “timeout” as “normal”, and the divergence state is “separation” . as the retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when it is determined to store the expression that a retransmission timer value that is updated the value obtained by integrating a predetermined damping coefficient to the set retransmission timer value, is the divergence between as the retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when it is determined that any of the "normal" and "time-out", predetermined and transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring means Stores a formula that uses a value that is at least not less than the sum of the margin values to be updated as the retransmit timer value to be updated. A communication device that calculates the retransmission timer value based on the calculated retransmission timer value formula. A transmission delay history managing means for storing the transmission delay history measured by the transmission delay measuring means for each of the counterpart devices;
The retransmission timer value calculation means obtains a transmission delay history stored by the transmission delay history management means when the deviation state is determined to be “normal”, and uses the transmission delay history to obtain the transmission delay history. Calculate retransmission timer value,
The communication apparatus according to claim 1.   The retransmission timer value calculation means calculates a transmission delay fluctuation amount from the transmission delay history stored in the transmission delay history management means, and determines whether or not the calculated retransmission timer value needs to be corrected. 3. The calculated retransmission timer value is corrected based on the fluctuation amount when it is determined that correction is necessary based on a predetermined determination rule including The communication device described. A communication system including a communication device and one or more counterpart devices to which data is transmitted from the communication device,
The communication device
Transmitting means for transmitting data to the counterpart device via a communication network;
An acknowledgment receiving means for receiving an acknowledgment sent from the counterpart device in response to the transmission of the data by the transmitting means;
The time from when the transmission unit transmits the data to the counterpart device until the confirmation response reception unit receives the confirmation response from the counterpart device is measured as a transmission delay for each counterpart device. A transmission delay measuring means;
After transmitting the data to the counterpart device by the transmission means, it is detected that the confirmation response is not received by the acknowledgment response means within the retransmission timer value set for each counterpart device. A retransmission control means for controlling the transmission means to retransmit the data to the counterpart device;
Based on the divergence state indicating how far the set retransmission timer value is different from the transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring means, the retransmission timer value is calculated for each counterpart device A retransmission timer value calculation means for updating,
The counterpart device is
Receiving means for receiving data transmitted from the communication device via the communication network;
An acknowledgment transmission means for transmitting an acknowledgment to the communication device when data is received by the receiving means;
The retransmission timer value calculation means determines that the divergence state is “divergence” when the retransmission timer value is larger than a threshold set based on the transmission delay, and the set retransmission timer value is smaller than the transmission delay. Alternatively, when a confirmation response is not received by the confirmation response receiving means, it is determined that “timeout” is not “separation” or “timeout” as “normal”, and the divergence state is “separation” . as the retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when it is determined to store the expression that a retransmission timer value that is updated the value obtained by integrating a predetermined damping coefficient to the set retransmission timer value, is the divergence between as the retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when it is determined that any of the "normal" and "time-out", predetermined and transmission delay measured by the transmission delay measuring means Stores a formula that uses a value that is at least not less than the sum of the margin values to be updated as the retransmit timer value to be updated. A communication system for calculating the retransmission timer value based on the calculated retransmission timer value formula. A transmission step of transmitting data to a counterpart device via a communication network;
An acknowledgment reception step of receiving an acknowledgment transmitted from the counterpart device in response to the transmission of the data in the transmission step;
The time from the transmission of the data to the counterpart device in the transmission step to the reception of the confirmation response from the counterpart device in the confirmation response reception step is measured as a transmission delay for each counterpart device. A transmission delay measurement step;
After transmitting the data to the counterpart device in the transmission step, within the retransmission timer value set for each counterpart device, it is detected that the confirmation response is not received in the acknowledgment response step. A retransmission control step for controlling the partner device to retransmit the data;
Based on the divergence state indicating how far the set retransmission timer value is different from the transmission delay measured in the transmission delay measurement step, the retransmission timer value is calculated for each counterpart device. A retransmission timer value calculation step for updating,
In the retransmission timer value calculating step, the divergence state is “divergence” when the retransmission timer value is larger than a threshold set based on the transmission delay, and the set retransmission timer value is smaller than the transmission delay. Alternatively, when a confirmation response is not received in the confirmation response receiving step, it is determined that “timeout” is not “separation” or “timeout” as “normal”, and the divergence state is “separation” . As a retransmission timer value calculation formula to be selected when it is determined, a pre-stored equation in which a value obtained by adding a predetermined attenuation coefficient to a set retransmission timer value is used as a retransmit timer value to be updated, and the difference as the retransmission timer value calculation formula is selected when the state is determined to be either "normal" and "time-out", in the transmission delay measuring step Select a retransmission timer value calculation formula from pre-stored formulas that use a value that does not fall below the sum of the measured transmission delay and a predetermined margin value as the updated retransmission timer value, and select the selected retransmission A transmission control method for calculating the retransmission timer value based on a timer value calculation formula.

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