JP4817836B2 - カードおよびホスト機器 - Google Patents
カードおよびホスト機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4817836B2 JP4817836B2 JP2005367632A JP2005367632A JP4817836B2 JP 4817836 B2 JP4817836 B2 JP 4817836B2 JP 2005367632 A JP2005367632 A JP 2005367632A JP 2005367632 A JP2005367632 A JP 2005367632A JP 4817836 B2 JP4817836 B2 JP 4817836B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/32—Means for saving power
- G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
- G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
- G06F1/3296—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken by lowering the supply or operating voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/305—Associated digital information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/32—Means for saving power
- G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
- G06F1/3206—Monitoring of events, devices or parameters that trigger a change in power modality
- G06F1/3228—Monitoring task completion, e.g. by use of idle timers, stop commands or wait commands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/32—Means for saving power
- G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
- G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
- G06F1/325—Power saving in peripheral device
- G06F1/3281—Power saving in PCMCIA card
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
- G06F12/023—Free address space management
- G06F12/0238—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory
- G06F12/0246—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/40—Bus structure
- G06F13/4063—Device-to-bus coupling
- G06F13/4068—Electrical coupling
- G06F13/4081—Live connection to bus, e.g. hot-plugging
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0604—Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management
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- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0614—Improving the reliability of storage systems
- G06F3/0619—Improving the reliability of storage systems in relation to data integrity, e.g. data losses, bit errors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0625—Power saving in storage systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0629—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems
- G06F3/0632—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems by initialisation or re-initialisation of storage systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0629—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems
- G06F3/0634—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems by changing the state or mode of one or more devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0655—Vertical data movement, i.e. input-output transfer; data movement between one or more hosts and one or more storage devices
- G06F3/0659—Command handling arrangements, e.g. command buffers, queues, command scheduling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
- G06F3/0673—Single storage device
- G06F3/0679—Non-volatile semiconductor memory device, e.g. flash memory, one time programmable memory [OTP]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/08—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers from or to individual record carriers, e.g. punched card, memory card, integrated circuit [IC] card or smart card
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/0772—Physical layout of the record carrier
- G06K19/07732—Physical layout of the record carrier the record carrier having a housing or construction similar to well-known portable memory devices, such as SD cards, USB or memory sticks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0013—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by galvanic contacts, e.g. card connectors for ISO-7816 compliant smart cards or memory cards, e.g. SD card readers
- G06K7/0056—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by galvanic contacts, e.g. card connectors for ISO-7816 compliant smart cards or memory cards, e.g. SD card readers housing of the card connector
- G06K7/0069—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by galvanic contacts, e.g. card connectors for ISO-7816 compliant smart cards or memory cards, e.g. SD card readers housing of the card connector including means for detecting correct insertion of the card, e.g. end detection switches notifying that the card has been inserted completely and correctly
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/266—Arrangements to supply power to external peripherals either directly from the computer or under computer control, e.g. supply of power through the communication port, computer controlled power-strips
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/32—Means for saving power
- G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/32—Means for saving power
- G06F1/3203—Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
- G06F1/3234—Power saving characterised by the action undertaken
- G06F1/325—Power saving in peripheral device
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Techniques For Improving Reliability Of Storages (AREA)
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Description
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係るカードの主要部の構成を示している。カード1は、ホスト機器2とバスインタフェース3を介して情報の授受を行う。カード1は、NAND型フラッシュメモリチップ11、このNAND型フラッシュメモリ11を制御するカードコントローラ12、および複数の信号ピン(第1ピン乃至第9ピン)13を備えている。
ホスト機器2は、カード1がカード1の機能停止を指示する機能停止コマンドによる終了処理(後述)をサポートしているか否かの確認を行う。カード1が終了処理をサポートしているか否かの確認は、ホスト機器2からカード1への電源供給が終了する前までの任意のタイミングで完了していれば良い。
ホスト機器2は、例えばホスト機器2の電源がオフとされたことを受けて、以下に述べる終了処理を行う。カード1が終了処理をサポートしていない場合、従来と同様の方法によって、ホスト機器2からカード1への電源供給が停止されることにより、アクセスが終了する。
次に、初期化コマンドとレスポンスについて図13を参照して説明する。図13は、初期化コマンドとレスポンスのフォーマットは、同じものが用いられる場合を示している。図13に示すように、初期化コマンドは、少なくとも、コマンド部CMと、ビジー通知部BSを有する。コマンドには、初期化方法表示部FIは不要である。さらに、誤り検出符号部EDが設けられていても良い。
は、第1実施形態に係るカード1が初期化時に取る工程を示すフローチャートである。図14に示すように、カード1は、初期化コマンドを受信する(ステップS21)と、初期化コマンドのレスポンスを返信する。レスポンス内のビジー通知部BSは、ビジー中である旨のビットパターンを有している(ステップS22)。この後も、ホスト機器2は、ビジーの解除によって初期化処理の終了をカード1から通知されるまで、初期化コマンドを発行し続ける。カード1は、最初の初期化コマンドを受信したことに応じて以下に述べる初期化処理を開始し、2回目以降の初期化コマンドに対しては、ビジー通知部BSにおいてビジー中である旨のビットパターンを有するレスポンスを単に返信し続ける。
第1実施形態は、RAM25が揮発性のメモリの場合に対応する。第2実施形態では、RAM25として、不揮発性のMRAM(magnetic random access memory)またはFeRAM(ferroelectric random access memory)が用いられる。この場合、システムデータが保存されるメモリ、および正常終了フラグ35が確保される領域が第1実施形態と異なるとともに、幾つかの処理が第1実施形態のそれと異なる。以下、異なる部分について説明する。
図16は、本発明の第3実施形態に係るカードのハード構成を示すブロック図である。図16に示すように、第1実施形態のRAM25に加えて、不揮発性RAM41が設けられる。正常終了フラグ35は、不揮発性RAM41内またはNAND型フラッシュメモリ11内のいずれかに設けられる(図では、便宜上、両方に図示)。
Claims (10)
- データを記憶可能な不揮発性半導体メモリと、
前記不揮発性半導体メモリを制御し、ホストインターフェースモジュールおよびメモリ制御モジュールを含むコントローラと、
を具備するメモリデバイスであって、
前記ホストインターフェースモジュールは、第1、第2、第3コマンドを受信するように構成され、
前記メモリ制御モジュールは、前記第2コマンドに応答して、前記メモリデバイスが第3コマンドをサポートするかを示す第1レスポンスを返送し、
前記メモリ制御モジュールは、前記第3コマンドに応答して、前記メモリデバイスを前記メモリデバイスへの電源供給の停止が可能なレディー状態に移行させ、
前記メモリ制御モジュールは、前記第3コマンドによる前記レディー状態への前記移行が実行されなかったか完了しなかった場合、前記第1コマンドに応答して第1初期化処理を行なうように構成され、
前記メモリ制御モジュールは、前記第3コマンドによる前記レディー状態への前記移行が完了していた場合、前記第1コマンドに応答して第2初期化処理を行なうように構成され、
前記第2初期化処理は前記第1初期化処理より短い時間で終了する、
ことを特徴とするメモリデバイス。 - 前記メモリ制御モジュールが、前記メモリデバイスが前記レディー状態への前記シフトが完了したかを示す第2レスポンスを返送可能であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記メモリ制御モジュールが、前記第2レスポンスを返送する前に、前記第3コマンドによる前記レディー状態への前記移行が完了したことを示す情報を前記不揮発性半導体メモリに書き込むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記第2初期化処理が、前記第1初期化処理の一部を省略した処理であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記省略される処理の一部が、少なくとも、前記不揮発性半導体メモリが記憶するデータのエラーのチェックと、前記エラーの修復と、前記不揮発性メモリの管理データの作成と、のいずれかを含むことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記管理データが、論理アドレスと前記不揮発性半導体メモリの物理アドレスとの間の関係を示す変換テーブルを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記コントローラが揮発性半導体メモリをさらに具備し、前記第3コマンドによる前記レディー状態への移行が前記揮発性半導体メモリが記憶するデータの少なくとも一部を前記不揮発性半導体メモリに書き込むことを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記揮発性半導体メモリが前記メモリデバイスの管理データを一時的に記憶する請求項7に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記メモリ制御モジュールが、前記第2初期化処理が行なわれる際に、前記不揮発性半導体メモリに保存されていた前記管理データを前記揮発性半導体メモリに読み出すことを特徴とする請求項8に記載のメモリデバイス。
- 前記不揮発性半導体メモリがNAND型フラッシュメモリであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のメモリデバイス。
Priority Applications (17)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005367632A JP4817836B2 (ja) | 2004-12-27 | 2005-12-21 | カードおよびホスト機器 |
KR1020067016034A KR100871184B1 (ko) | 2004-12-27 | 2005-12-26 | 카드, 저장 디바이스, 및 메모리 시스템의 제어 방법 |
CN2009101634785A CN101655775B (zh) | 2004-12-27 | 2005-12-26 | 卡和主机设备 |
PCT/JP2005/024205 WO2006070906A1 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2005-12-26 | Card and host apparatus |
CN200910261980XA CN101706709B (zh) | 2004-12-27 | 2005-12-26 | 卡和主机设备 |
TW94146716A TWI305325B (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | Card and host apparatus |
US11/494,475 US8423679B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2006-07-28 | Card and host apparatus |
US13/792,795 US8533367B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2013-03-11 | Card and host apparatus |
US13/963,583 US8671227B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2013-08-09 | Card and host apparatus |
US14/168,671 US8812745B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2014-01-30 | Card and host apparatus |
US14/316,265 US9128635B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2014-06-26 | Card and host apparatus |
US14/812,830 US9857866B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2015-07-29 | Card and host apparatus |
US15/820,081 US10466771B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2017-11-21 | Card and host apparatus |
US16/564,441 US10747299B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2019-09-09 | Card and host apparatus |
US16/917,043 US11169594B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2020-06-30 | Card and host apparatus |
US17/496,227 US11789521B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2021-10-07 | Card and host apparatus |
US18/462,493 US20230418363A1 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2023-09-07 | Card and host apparatus |
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CN101706709B (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
US20140310460A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
US20200004318A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
US20140149667A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
US20060282550A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
JP2006209744A (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
WO2006070906A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
US20220026980A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
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US20200333874A1 (en) | 2020-10-22 |
US10747299B2 (en) | 2020-08-18 |
US20150331479A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
CN101655775B (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
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