JP4896610B2 - Commutator, armature and DC motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a commutator, an armature including the commutator, and a DC motor including the armature.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a DC motor in which a commutator is reduced in the axial direction in order to reduce the size of the DC motor in the axial direction is known. For example, a commutator of a DC motor described in Patent Document 1 includes an insulating holding portion fixed to a rotating shaft of an armature, a plurality of segments fixed in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion, and the same. It is comprised from the short circuit member arrange | positioned at the end of the axial direction of a holding | maintenance part. The short-circuit member includes an outer peripheral terminal arranged in the same number as the segment in the circumferential direction, an inner peripheral terminal arranged in the same number as the outer peripheral terminal in the circumferential direction inside the outer terminal, an outer peripheral terminal, and an inner peripheral side. A plurality of (the same number as the outer peripheral side terminals) connecting portions that are respectively connected with the terminal being shifted by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction is composed of two short-circuit constituent member groups formed in the same plane. These two short circuit component groups are laminated so that the connecting portions are opposite to each other, and in the two short circuit component groups stacked, the outer peripheral side terminals and the inner peripheral side terminals contact each other in the stacking direction. In addition, the connecting portions are not in contact with each other in the stacking direction. Then, corresponding segments are electrically connected to each outer peripheral side terminal, and ends of a plurality of armature coils arranged in the circumferential direction are electrically connected. Thereby, the edge part of an armature coil is connected to a segment via an outer peripheral side terminal. As described above, the commutator described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a thin flat plate-like short-circuit member in the axial direction, thereby reducing the size of the commutator having the short-circuit member in the axial direction.

Further, the DC motor described in Patent Document 2 is provided with a flat plate-like short-circuit member in which a power supply brush is slidably contacted in the axial direction, whereby the axial size of the DC motor is reduced.
JP 2005-137193 A International Publication No. 2006/025444 Pamphlet

  By the way, in order to further reduce the size of the DC motor in the axial direction, it is conceivable to provide the DC motor described in Patent Document 2 with the short-circuit member described in Patent Document 1. However, for example, when one end of the armature coil is drawn from the radially inner side and the other end is drawn from the radially outer side of the DC motor, the end of the armature coil drawn from the radially inner side is the armature coil. Since it is connected to the outer peripheral side terminal (that is, the end part on the outer peripheral side of the segment) along the upper side, the handling of the end part of the armature coil becomes complicated.

  Further, the short-circuit member described in Patent Document 1 has two short-circuit configurations so that the outer peripheral side terminals and the inner peripheral side terminals are in contact with each other in the stacking direction, and the connecting parts are not in contact with each other in the stacking direction. Since the member group is formed by laminating, the configuration is complicated, and the manufacture of the short-circuit member becomes complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a commutator that can be downsized in the axial direction and can be easily manufactured, an armature including the commutator, and a DC motor. It is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is configured such that the holding portion having a plate shape and the one end in the plate thickness direction of the holding portion are arranged radially, and the power supply brush is slidably contacted with the holding portion. A plurality of segments having sliding contact surfaces orthogonal to the plate thickness direction of the section, the outer peripheral side terminals arranged in the same number as the segments in the circumferential direction, and the same number of the outer peripheral side terminals arranged in the circumferential direction inside the outer peripheral side terminals One plane having a plurality of inner peripheral side terminals and connecting portions that are provided in the same number as the outer peripheral side terminals and that connect the outer peripheral side terminals and the inner peripheral side terminals in the same direction with a predetermined angle shift in the circumferential direction. together are composed Jo of short components group, the sliding contact surface is parallel with, and a short-circuit member for short-circuiting the segments each other at the same potential, the plurality of the segments, the outer peripheral side of the segment et provided end A segment having a peripheral connecting portion radially outer end of the armature coil is connected directly with the outer terminals are connected, the inner peripheral side terminal provided on an end portion of the inner peripheral side of the segment connection but the segments having an inner circumferential side connection portion radially inner end portion of the armature coil is connected is directly connected to the ends of the end and the radially inner side of the radially outer armature coils directly A segment connected to the armature coil via a segment that is short-circuited by the short-circuit member, and a radially outer end of the armature coil is directly connected The segment having the outer peripheral side connection portion and the segment having the inner peripheral side connection portion to which the radially inner end of the armature coil is directly connected are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the inner peripheral side Connecting part The segment having the outer peripheral side connection portion adjacent to the adjacent segment on the opposite side in the circumferential direction has a segment in which the radially outer end portion and the radially inner end portion of the armature coil are not directly connected. has been a commutator according to claim Rukoto.

  According to this configuration, since the short-circuit member is composed of one short-circuit component member group, the thickness of the short-circuit member can be made thinner than a conventional short-circuit member formed by stacking a plurality of short-circuit component member groups. it can. The plurality of segments are radially arranged at one end of the holding portion in the plate thickness direction, and the sliding contact surfaces of the segments are formed so as to be orthogonal to the plate thickness direction of the holding portion. Therefore, in order to arrange the commutator having the same configuration so that the segments slidably contacted with the power supply brush are sequentially switched as the commutator rotates, the thickness direction of the holding portion and the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the DC motor Will be arranged in a consistent manner. And since this short circuit member is arranged in parallel with the sliding contact surface, since the thickness direction of the short circuit member coincides with the plate thickness direction of the holding portion, the short circuit member is thinned in the thickness direction. Accordingly, the commutator can be reduced in the axial direction. Moreover, since the short-circuit member is composed of one planar short-circuit component group, it can be formed more easily than a conventional short-circuit member formed by stacking a plurality of short-circuit component groups.

  Further, in a DC motor provided with this commutator, the end of each armature coil is provided at the outer peripheral side connection provided at the outer peripheral end of the segment or the inner peripheral end of the segment. It is possible to connect to the inner peripheral side connection portion. Therefore, since it is not necessary to connect the end part drawn out from the radial outside in the armature coil to the end part on the inner peripheral side of the segment, the end part of the armature coil is transmitted on the armature coil. There is no need to run to the end of the inner circumference of the segment. Similarly, since it is not necessary to connect the end portion drawn out from the radial inner side of the armature coil to the outer end portion of the segment, the end portion of the armature coil is transmitted on the armature coil. There is no need to run to the outer edge of the segment. As a result, in the DC motor including the commutator of the present invention, the length of the end portion of the armature coil can be shortened. In addition, since it is not necessary to secure a space for routing the end of the armature coil between the armature coil and the commutator, the armature having the commutator of the present invention can be reduced in the axial direction. Can be planned.

  The “planar shape” means that it is formed flat, for example, like a flat plate. Therefore, the “planar short circuit component group” means that the short circuit component group composed of a plurality of outer peripheral terminals, a plurality of inner peripheral terminals and a plurality of connecting portions is formed flat as a whole. Means that In addition, in the “planar shape”, not only all the parts are completely flat, but at least one part of the outer peripheral side terminal, the inner peripheral side terminal and the connecting part has a slight uneven shape, It includes those that are slightly bent or slightly curved.

The invention according to claim 2 is the commutator according to claim 1, wherein the segment having the outer peripheral side connection portion is adjacent to the segment having the inner peripheral side connection portion adjacent to the opposite side in the circumferential direction. The gist is that a segment in which the radially outer end and the radially inner end of the armature coil are not directly connected is arranged.
The invention described in claim 3 is the commutator according to claim 1 or 2 , an armature core having a plurality of radially extending teeth, and one end of the armature core wound from the radially outer side. A plurality of armature coils that are drawn out and have other end portions drawn out from the radially inner side, and one end portion on the radially outer side of the armature coil is connected to the outer peripheral side connecting portion, and the electric machine The armature is characterized in that the other end portion on the radially inner side of the child coil is connected to the inner peripheral side connecting portion.

  According to this configuration, one end portion on the outer side in the radial direction of the armature coil is connected to the outer peripheral side connecting portion, and the other end portion on the outer side in the radial direction of the armature coil is connected to the inner peripheral side connecting portion. Therefore, since it is not necessary to connect one end portion on the radially outer side of the armature coil to the end portion on the inner peripheral side of the segment, the one end portion of the armature coil is transmitted on the armature coil and There is no need to run to the end of the inner circumference. Similarly, the other end portion on the radially inner side of the armature coil may not be connected to the end portion on the outer peripheral side of the segment, so that the other end portion of the armature coil is transmitted on the armature coil. There is no need to route to the outer edge of the segment. As a result, the length of the one end part and the other end part of the armature coil can be shortened. Further, since it is not necessary to secure a space for routing one end or the other end of the armature coil between the armature coil and the commutator, the armature can be reduced in the axial direction. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the armature according to the third aspect , and a magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles having different polarities in the circumferential direction and facing the armature in the radial direction. DC motor.

  According to the same configuration, since the direct current motor includes the armature according to claim 3, the end of each armature coil is connected to the outer peripheral side connecting portion provided at the outer peripheral end of the segment, or It can connect to the inner peripheral side connection part provided in the edge part of the inner peripheral side of a segment. Therefore, it is not necessary to connect one end portion drawn out from the radially outer side of the armature coil to the end portion on the inner peripheral side of the segment, so that the one end portion of the armature coil is transmitted on the armature coil. There is no need to run to the end of the inner circumference of the segment. Similarly, since it is not necessary to connect the other end part drawn out from the radial inner side in the armature coil to the outer peripheral side end part of the segment, the other end part of the armature coil is placed on the armature coil. There is no need to route to the outer edge of the segment. As a result, the length of the one end part and the other end part of the armature coil can be shortened. And since it is not necessary to ensure the space for routing the one end part or other end part of an armature coil between an armature coil and a commutator, size reduction of the axial direction of a DC motor can be achieved. .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the DC motor according to the fourth aspect , a motor housing having a cylindrical portion and a stator having the magnet fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion. The gist of the armature is disposed inside the stator and has a rotating shaft to which the armature core and the commutator are fixed.

According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the axial size of the DC motor in which the armature is disposed inside the stator.
The invention according to claim 6 is the DC motor according to claim 4 , further comprising a stator having the magnet, wherein the armature is disposed outside the stator, and the armature core is disposed on an inner peripheral surface. And a motor housing to which the commutator is fixed, and a rotating shaft that rotates integrally with the motor housing.

  According to this configuration, in the DC motor in which the armature is disposed outside the stator, it is possible to reduce the axial size.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a commutator that can be miniaturized in the axial direction and can be easily manufactured, and an armature and a DC motor including the commutator.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the DC motor M1 of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical magnet 2 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of a low-cylindrical motor housing 1 constituting the DC motor M1, and at the center of the upper bottom portion of the motor housing 1, The bearing 3a is fixed. And in DC motor M1 of this embodiment, motor housing 1 and magnet 2 constitute a stator. The magnet 2 has six magnetic poles having different polarities in the circumferential direction, and the radial thickness thereof is substantially equal to the thickness of the motor housing 1. The opening of the motor housing 1 is closed by a substantially disc-shaped end frame 4, and a bearing 3 b that is paired with the bearing is fixed at the center of the end frame 4.

  A synthetic resin brush holder 5 is fixed to the surface of the end frame 4 on the motor housing 1 side. The brush holder 5 includes a disk-shaped fixing plate 5a fixed to the end frame 4, and two rectangular cylindrical brush holding portions 5b extending from the fixing plate 5a toward the upper bottom side of the motor housing 1. 5c. The two brush holding portions 5b and 5c are disposed at positions symmetrical to each other at a position displaced from the center of the fixed plate 5a, and a direct current is provided on inner walls facing each other of the two brush holding portions 5b and 5c. Insertion grooves 5d and 5e extending in the vertical direction of the motor M1 are formed.

  The base ends of the two leaf springs 6 and 7 are fixed to the central portion of the fixing plate 5a. The leaf springs 6 and 7 are symmetrically extended from the central portion of the fixed plate 5a toward the brush holding portions 5b and 5c, respectively, and are formed so as to gradually move away from the fixed plate 5a toward the tip. The leaf springs 6 and 7 are inserted into the brush holding portions 5b and 5c from the insertion grooves 5d and 5e, respectively, and the tips thereof are disposed in the brush holding portions 5b and 5c.

  A substantially rectangular parallelepiped anode-side brush 8 is inserted into the left brush holding portion 5b in FIG. 1, and a cathode side having the same shape as the anode-side brush 8 is inserted into the right brush holding portion 5c in FIG. A brush 9 is inserted. The tips of the plate springs 6 and 7 are in contact with the lower ends of the anode side brush 8 and the cathode side brush 9 on the fixed plate 5a side, and the anode side brush 8 and the cathode side brush 9 are connected to the plate springs 6 and 6, respectively. 7 is biased toward the opening side (upward) of the brush holding portions 5b and 5c. The anode brush 8 and the cathode brush 9 are connected to an external power supply device (not shown).

  An armature 11 is rotatably accommodated in a space surrounded by the motor housing 1 and the end frame 4. The rotary shaft 12 constituting the armature 11 is rotatably supported by a pair of the bearings 3a and 3b, and the end portion on the end frame 4 side of the rotary shaft 12 is connected to the fixed plate 5a and the end frame 4. Projecting out of the motor housing 1 from the center. A core 13 as an armature core is fixed at a position near the upper bottom portion of the motor housing 1 on the rotating shaft 12. As shown in FIG. 2, the core 13 has eight teeth 14 a to 14 h extending radially along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 12, and spaces between these eight teeth 14 a to 14 h are slots 15 a to 15 h. (See FIG. 7). An insulator 16 that covers a portion of the core 13 excluding the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface (tip surfaces of the teeth 14a to 14h) of the core 13 is mounted from both sides in the axial direction. The insulator 16 is made of a synthetic resin material having insulating properties.

  A conductive wire 17 is wound around each of the teeth 14a to 14h from above the insulator 16 in a concentrated manner so as to pass through slots 15a to 15h (see FIG. 7) on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 14a to 14h. . Thus, the conductive wire 17 constitutes coils 18a to 18h as armature coils. The core 13 and the coils 18 a to 18 h are insulated by the insulator 16. Each of the coils 18a to 18h is wound from a radially inner base end portion of each of the teeth 14a to 14h toward a radially outer distal end portion, and one end portion 19a thereof is pulled out from the radially outer side. The other end 19b is drawn from the radially inner side.

  In addition, in the insulator 16, along the axial direction, in order to prevent the coils 18 a to 18 h from projecting outward in the radial direction at the radially outer ends of the portions covering both ends of the axial teeth 14 a to 14 h. A protruding prevention wall 16a extending upright is erected. And as shown to Fig.3 (a), the 1st holding | maintenance convex part 16b which protrudes in a radial inside in the center part of this surface is provided in the surface inside radial direction of the protrusion prevention wall 16a. Further, on both sides of the first holding projection 16b in the circumferential direction, the second and third holding projections projecting inward in the radial direction at positions spaced from the first holding projection 16b. Portions 16c and 16d are provided. The first holding convex portion 16b has a deformed cylindrical shape, and the second and third holding convex portions 16c and 16d have a cylindrical shape. Further, the distance between the first holding convex portion 16 b and the second holding convex portion 16 c is equal to the diameter of the conducting wire 17 or slightly smaller than the diameter of the conducting wire 17. Similarly, the distance between the first holding projection 16b and the third holding projection 16d is equal to the diameter of the conducting wire 17 or slightly smaller than the diameter of the conducting wire 17.

  And as shown to Fig.3 (a) and FIG.3 (b), the one end part 19a pulled out from the radial direction outer side of each coil 18a-18h is the 1st holding | maintenance convex part 16b and the 2nd holding | maintenance convex part 16c. Is pulled out in the axial direction. Thus, the radially outer one end portion 19a of each of the coils 18a to 18h is sandwiched from the circumferential direction by the first holding convex portion 16b and the second holding convex portion 16c, and is maintained in a state along the axial direction. .

  As shown in FIG. 1, a commutator 21 is fixed on the rotary shaft 12 at a position between the core 13 and the brush holder 5. 4 is a sectional view in the axial direction of the commutator 21, and FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the commutator 21. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the commutator 21 includes 24 segments 22 arranged in the circumferential direction and a short-circuit member 23 for short-circuiting the segments 22 having the same potential (not shown in FIG. 5). ) And a holding portion 24 that holds the segment 22 and the short-circuit member 23.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the 24 segments 22 are arranged radially and at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction with an interval between the segments 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction. When viewed from the axial direction (perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 5), the 24 segments 22 are substantially fans whose width in the circumferential direction gradually increases from the center end on the radially inner side toward the outer peripheral side. While forming a shape, the width of the interval between the adjacent segments 22 is constant in the radial direction.

  Each segment 22 has a plate-like segment main body 31 whose shape when viewed from the axial direction is substantially fan-shaped, and as shown in FIG. 4, the lower surface of the segment main body 31 in FIG. 31a. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, an inner peripheral side connection portion 32 is provided at the inner peripheral end of the segment body 31. The inner peripheral side connection portion 32 includes an inner peripheral side coil connection portion 32a extending radially inward from an inner peripheral end portion of the segment body 31, and a radial direction from the tip of the inner peripheral side coil connection portion 32a. It is comprised from the inner peripheral side terminal connection part 32b extended inside. The inner peripheral side coil connecting portion 32a is inclined with respect to the sliding contact surface 31a so as to gradually move away from the sliding contact surface 31a from the base end toward the distal end. Further, the inner peripheral side terminal connection portion 32b extends in parallel with the sliding contact surface 31a from the tip of the inner peripheral coil connection portion 32a, and has a shape viewed from the axial direction (the same as the direction orthogonal to the sliding contact surface 31a). It has a substantially trapezoidal shape that gradually decreases in width as it goes radially inward. And as shown in FIG. 4, the upper surface of the inner peripheral side terminal connection part 32b is the inner peripheral side connection surface 32c parallel to the slidable contact surface 31a. Note that the thickness of the inner peripheral side connection portion 32 in the vertical direction (same as the axial direction) in FIG. 4 is smaller than the thickness of the segment body 31 in the axial direction. The 24 segments 22 are radially arranged so that the 24 sliding contact surfaces 31a are arranged in the same plane and the 24 inner peripheral connection surfaces 32c are arranged in the same plane. ing. Further, in the 24 segments 22 arranged radially, the diameter of a circle passing through the tip of the inner peripheral side terminal connection portion 32 b is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 12.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the outer peripheral side connection portion 33 is provided integrally with the segment main body 31 at the outer peripheral end of the segment main body 31. The outer peripheral side connecting portion 33 includes an outer peripheral side coil connecting portion 33a that is formed on the outer peripheral side end surface of the segment body 31 so as to protrude from the circumferential center of the end surface in a circumferential direction, and the outer peripheral side coil connecting portion. It is comprised from the part 33a and the outer peripheral side terminal connection part 33b projected and formed in the position adjacent to the circumferential direction. The outer peripheral side coil connecting portion 33 a protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral end of the segment main body 31 with the same thickness as the segment main body 31. Of the 24 segment main bodies 31, the outer peripheral side coil connection portions 33 a provided on the two segment main bodies 31 in the circumferential direction are arranged at the distal ends on the radially outer side along the thickness direction of the segment main bodies 31. An extending connection groove 33d is formed. As shown in FIG. 3B, the circumferential width of the connecting groove 33d is formed to be substantially equal to the diameter of the conducting wire 17, and the depth (radial width) of the connecting groove 33d is the conducting wire 17. It is formed slightly deeper than the diameter.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6B, the outer peripheral side terminal connecting portion 33b is formed thinner than the segment body 31, and the sliding contact is made from the proximal end toward the distal end. It inclines with respect to the sliding contact surface 31a so that it may distance from the surface 31a. And the outer peripheral side connection surface 33c which is a surface inside the radial direction of the outer peripheral side terminal connection part 33b, and the upper surface 31b parallel to the slidable contact surface 31a in the segment main body 31 have an obtuse angle.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6A, the short-circuit member 23 is composed of one flat-plate short-circuit component group 41. The short-circuit component member group 41 is placed on the outer peripheral terminal connection portion 32b inside the outer peripheral terminal 42 and 24 outer peripheral terminals 42 connected to the outer peripheral terminal connection portion 33b of each segment 22. 24 inner peripheral terminals 43, and 24 connecting portions 44 that connect the outer peripheral terminal 42 and the inner peripheral terminal 43 with a predetermined angle shift.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the outer peripheral terminal 42 has a plate shape extending in parallel with the sliding contact surface 31 a of the segment 22, and is parallel to the outer peripheral connection surface 33 c at the radially outer end thereof. A plate-like connection piece 45 extending in the direction is integrally formed. On the other hand, the inner peripheral terminal 43 has a trapezoidal plate shape similar to the inner peripheral connection surface 32c and is parallel to the sliding contact surface 31a, that is, the inner peripheral connection surface 32c of the inner peripheral terminal connection portion 32b. Are arranged in parallel.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, all the 24 connecting portions 44 are connected so that the outer peripheral side terminal 42 and the inner peripheral side terminal 43 are shifted by 120 °, that is, at a position 120 ° apart. It extends so as to connect the outer peripheral side terminal 42 and the inner peripheral side terminal 43. Specifically, the connecting portion 44 has a curved shape along the involute curve, and in FIG. 6A (same as viewed from above in FIG. 4), 120 Ω clockwise from each outer peripheral terminal 42. It extends to the inner peripheral terminal 43 arranged at a position apart from the angle. Furthermore, the connection parts 44 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are arranged at intervals so as not to contact each other. Further, the plate thickness of the short circuit component group 41 is formed to be thinner than the plate thickness (thickness along the axial direction) of the segment body 31.

  The short-circuit member 23 as described above is formed by bending a portion to be the connection piece 45 after punching a conductive plate material (for example, a copper plate) with a punch (not shown). And as shown in FIG.4 and FIG.6 (a) (b), the short circuit member 23 connects each inner peripheral side terminal 43 to each inner peripheral side terminal with respect to 24 segments 22 arrange | positioned in the circumferential direction. The outer peripheral side terminals 42 are disposed in contact with the outer peripheral side connection surfaces 33c of the outer peripheral side terminal connection portions 33b, respectively, while being brought into contact with the inner peripheral side connection surfaces 32c of the portions 32b. In the state where the short-circuit member 23 is arranged with respect to the 24 segments 22, the surface on the segment 22 side (the lower surface in FIG. 4) of the short-circuit member 23 excluding the connection piece 45 is the inner peripheral side connection surface. It is arranged in the same plane as 32c. Therefore, the short-circuit member 23 is arranged in parallel to the sliding contact surface 31a, and the upper surface 31b of the segment body 31 and the connecting portion 44 facing each other in the plate thickness direction (same in the axial direction) are spaced apart. They will be arranged in a free space and are not in contact with each other. And the connection piece 45 and the outer peripheral side terminal connection part 33b which mutually contact, and the inner peripheral side terminal 43 and the inner peripheral side terminal connection part 32b are each joined by welding. Thereby, the outer peripheral terminal 42 and the outer peripheral terminal connection portion 33b are electrically connected via the connection piece 45, and the inner peripheral terminal 43 and the inner peripheral terminal connection portion 32b are electrically connected. Yes. When the short-circuit member 23 is electrically connected to the 24 segments 22, the segments 22 arranged at intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction are short-circuited by the short-circuit member 23 to have the same potential. The

  As shown in FIG. 4, the holding portion 24 having a substantially disk shape is made of an insulating resin material. By embedding a part of the segment 22 and the short-circuit member 23, the segment 22 and the short-circuit member 23 are formed. Integrated and held. Specifically, the outer diameter of the holding portion 24 is formed substantially equal to a circle passing through the tips of the outer peripheral side coil connection portions 33a of the 24 segments 22 arranged in the circumferential direction, and is larger than the inner diameter of the magnet 2 and It is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the motor housing 1 (see FIG. 1). For this reason, the outer diameter of the short-circuit member 23 in which the outer peripheral side terminal 42 is connected to the outer peripheral side terminal connecting portion 33b of the segment 22 via the connection piece 45 is also larger than the inner diameter of the magnet 2 and larger than the inner diameter of the motor housing 1. It will be formed small. And the holding | maintenance part 24 is arrange | positioned so that the sliding contact surface 31a of each segment 22 may protrude in the axial direction rather than the one end surface 24a (lower end surface in FIG. 4) of the holding | maintenance part 24, and The 24 segments 22 are held so that the 24 slidable contact surfaces 31 a are arranged in the same plane parallel to the axial end surface 24 a of the holding portion 24.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the resin material constituting the holding portion 24 is interposed between the segments 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing the segments 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction from being short-circuited. ing. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the holding part 24 holds the short-circuit member 23 in a state where the entire short-circuit member 23 is embedded in the holding part 24. The resin material constituting the holding portion 24 is interposed between the upper surface 31b of the segment body 31 and the connecting portion 44 facing each other in the plate thickness direction (same in the axial direction). And are prevented from being short-circuited.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, 24 guide grooves 24b extending along the axial direction are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion 24 at positions corresponding to the circumferential position of the outer peripheral coil connecting portion 33a. At the same time, the circumferential width of the guide groove 24b is slightly wider than the circumferential width of the outer coil connecting portion 33a. By forming the guide groove 24b, the outer peripheral side coil connection portion 33a protrudes radially outward from the bottom surface 24c of the guide groove 24b so that the connection groove 33d does not overlap the holding portion 24 in the axial direction. ing.

  Furthermore, a fitting hole 24d, whose diameter is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rotary shaft 12, is formed through the axial direction in the central portion of the holding portion 24 in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 4, a cylindrical boss projecting in the axial direction so as to extend the insertion hole 24d is provided at the opening peripheral edge of the insertion hole 24d on the other end side in the axial direction (upper end side in FIG. 4). The part 24e is integrally formed. The inner diameter of the boss portion 24e is formed to be equal to the diameter of the fitting hole 24d, and the outer diameter of the boss portion 24e is formed to be smaller than a circle passing through the tip of the inner peripheral side terminal connection portion 32b.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the holding portion 24, eight insertion holes 24f penetrating in the axial direction are formed around the boss portion 24e. The eight insertion holes 24f are, when viewed from the axial direction, the tip and the boss portion of the inner peripheral side terminal connection portion 32b of the segment 22 arranged next to the segment 22 having the connection groove 33d (left adjacent in FIG. 5). It is formed between the outer peripheral surface of 24e and equiangular intervals in the circumferential direction. The diameter of each insertion hole 24f is slightly larger than the diameter of the conducting wire 17.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the commutator 21 configured as described above is formed in the insertion hole 24d and the boss portion 24e so that the segment 22 (sliding contact surface 31a) faces the opposite direction to the core 13. When the rotary shaft 12 is press-fitted, the rotary shaft 12 is fixed to the rotary shaft 12 so as to be integrally rotatable. In the commutator 21 fixed to the rotating shaft 12, the plate thickness direction of the holding portion 24 and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12 coincide. Further, in the commutator 21 fixed to the rotating shaft 12, the eight segments 22 having the connection grooves 33d are pulled out from the radially outer one end portion 19a of the coils 18a to 18h. It matches the position. At the same time, the eight insertion holes 24f are arranged in the vicinity of the position where the other end 19b on the radially inner side of each of the coils 18a to 18h is pulled out.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the one end portions 19 a of the coils 18 a to 18 h drawn from the radially outer side pass through the guide grooves 24 b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion 24, and the outer peripheral sides of the corresponding segments 22. It is guided in a connection groove 33d formed in the coil connection portion 33a. In this state, welding is performed from the radially outer side, and the radially outer end portion 19a of the coils 18a to 18h is electrically connected to the corresponding outer peripheral side coil connecting portion 33a.

  On the other hand, the other end portions 19b of the coils 18a to 18h drawn from the radially inner side are inserted into the corresponding insertion holes 24f from the holding portion 24 side toward the segment 22 side, and the inner circumferences aligned with the respective insertion holes 24f in the radial direction. It is electrically connected to the side coil connecting portion 32a by welding. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the other end portion 19b of the coil 18a is aligned in the radial direction with the segment 22 arranged next to the segment 22 to which the one end portion 19a of the coil 18a is connected (left adjacent in FIG. 2). It is inserted through the insertion hole 24f and connected to the inner peripheral side coil connecting portion 32a of the segment 22 arranged next to the segment 22 to which the one end 19a of the coil 18a is connected (left adjacent in FIG. 2). Similarly to the other end portion 19b of the coil 18a, the other end portions 19b of the coils 18b to 18h are respectively connected to the corresponding inner peripheral side coil connection portions 32a.

  And as shown in FIG. 7, the one end part 19a and the other end part 19b of each coil 18a-18h are each connected to the two segments 22 which make a pair adjacent in the circumferential direction. In FIG. 7, segment numbers “1” to “24” are assigned in order from the segment 22 disposed between the teeth 14 a and the teeth 14 h (clockwise in FIG. 2). For example, one end and the other end of the coil 18a are connected to the segments 22 having the two segment numbers “2” and “3” that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The ends of any of the coils 18a to 18h are not connected to the segment 22 of the segment number “4”, and the coil 18b is connected to the segments 22 of the segment numbers “5” and “6” that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. One end and the other end of each are connected. Similarly, every second segment number “7”, “10”, “13”, “16”, “19”, “22”, “1” from the segment 22 with the segment number “4” The ends of any of the coils 18a to 18h are not connected. One end and the other end of the coil 18c are connected to the segment 22 with the segment numbers “8” and “9”, respectively, and one end and the other end of the coil 18d are connected to the segment 22 with the segment numbers “11” and “12”. Are connected to each other, and one end and the other end of the coil 18e are connected to the segments 22 of the segment numbers “14” and “15”, respectively. Further, one end and the other end of the coil 18f are connected to the segment 22 having the segment numbers “17” and “18”, respectively, and one end and the other end of the coil 18g are connected to the segment 22 having the segment numbers “20” and “21”. Are connected to each other, and one end and the other end of the coil 18h are connected to the segment 22 having the segment numbers “23” and “24”, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the state where the armature 11 is disposed in the motor housing 1, the tips of the anode side brush 8 and the cathode side brush 9 are formed on the sliding contact surface 31 a of each segment 22 from the axial direction. Touched. In this state, the commutator 21 is disposed closer to the opening of the motor housing 1 than the lower end surface of the magnet 2 in FIG. 1, and faces the lower end surface of the magnet 2 in the axial direction.

  In the DC motor M1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, when current is selectively supplied from the external power supply device to the coils 18a to 18h via the anode side brush 8 and the cathode side brush 9, the coil 18a. The armature 11 rotates in accordance with the rotating magnetic field generated at ˜18h. Since the commutator 21 rotates when the armature 11 rotates, the segments 22 that are in sliding contact with the anode brush 8 and the cathode brush 9 are switched, and the coils 18a to 18h are sequentially rectified.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the following operations and effects are provided.
(1) Since the short-circuit member 23 is composed of one short-circuit component group 41, the thickness of the short-circuit member 23 can be made thinner than a conventional short-circuit member formed by stacking a plurality of short-circuit component groups. . The 24 segments 22 are radially arranged at one end of the holding portion 24 in the plate thickness direction, and the sliding contact surfaces 31 a of the segments 22 are formed so as to be orthogonal to the plate thickness direction of the holding portion 24. . Therefore, in order to fix the commutator 21 to the rotating shaft 12 of the armature 11 so that the segments 22 that are in sliding contact with the anode side brush 8 and the cathode side brush 9 are sequentially switched as the commutator 21 rotates. The plate thickness direction of the holding portion 24 and the axial direction of the rotary shaft 12 are fixed in alignment with each other. And since this short circuit member 23 is arrange | positioned in parallel with the sliding contact surface 31a, since the thickness direction of this short circuit member 23 and the plate | board thickness direction of the holding | maintenance part 24 correspond, the short circuit member 23 is plate | board thickness direction Accordingly, the commutator 21 can be reduced in size in the axial direction by the amount of the thickness.

  (2) Since the short-circuit member 23 is composed of a single flat plate-shaped short-circuit member group 41, the short-circuit member 23 has a simpler structure than a conventional short-circuit member formed by stacking a plurality of short-circuit member groups, It can be formed easily.

  (3) In the DC motor M1 including the commutator 21, the end portions 19a and 19b of the coils 18a to 18h are connected to the outer peripheral side coil connecting portion 33a provided at the outer peripheral end portion of the segment 22, or the segment 22 Can be connected to the inner peripheral side coil connecting portion 32a provided at the end portion on the inner peripheral side. Therefore, since it is not necessary to connect the one end part 19a drawn out from the radial direction outer side in each coil 18a-18h to the edge part of the inner peripheral side of the segment 22, the said one end part 19a of each coil 18a-18h is coiled. It is not necessary to route to the inner peripheral end of the segment 22 along the lines 18a to 18h. Similarly, since it is not necessary to connect the other end 19b drawn out from the radially inner side in the coils 18a to 18h to the outer peripheral end of the segment 22, the other end 19b of the coils 18a to 18h is There is no need to route the segment 22 to the end on the outer peripheral side along the lines 18a to 18h. As a result, in the DC motor M1 provided with the commutator 21, the lengths of the one end 19a and the other end 19b of each of the coils 18a to 18h can be shortened. Moreover, since it is not necessary to ensure the space for the one end part 19a or the other end part 19b of the coils 18a-18h between the coils 18a-18h and the commutator 21, the armature provided with the commutator 21 11 can be miniaturized in the axial direction, and as a result, the DC motor M1 in which the armature 11 is disposed inside the stator can be miniaturized in the axial direction.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the structure same as the said 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 8 is an axial sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the DC motor M2 of the second embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a radial sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the DC motor M2. As shown in FIG. 8, the DC motor M <b> 2 includes a stator 51 and an armature 52.

  The stator 51 includes an end frame 4 and a brush holder 5 disposed on the end frame 4. A cylindrical magnet fixing portion 53 is provided at the center of the brush holder 5, and a cylindrical magnet 54 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the magnet fixing portion 53. The magnet 54 has six magnetic poles having different polarities in the circumferential direction, like the magnet 2 of the first embodiment. A cylindrical bearing 55 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the magnet fixing portion 53.

  The armature 52 has a rotating shaft 61 that is pivotally supported by the bearing 55, and a bottomed cylindrical motor housing 62 is integrated with one end (the upper end in FIG. 8) of the rotating shaft 61. It is fixed so that it can rotate. A core 63 as an armature core is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 62. As shown in FIG. 9, the core 63 includes a cylindrical fixing portion 63a that is press-fitted and fixed to an inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical portion of the motor housing 62, and a radially inner side from the inner peripheral surface of the fixing portion 63a. And eight teeth 64a to 64h extending radially. The core 63 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 62 so as to face the magnet 54 in the radial direction, and the core 63 has an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface (the teeth 64 a to 64 a). An insulating insulator 65 that covers a portion excluding the tip end surface of 64h is mounted from both sides in the axial direction.

  A conductive wire 17 is wound on each of the teeth 64a to 64h by concentrated winding from above the insulator 65, whereby the conductive wire 17 constitutes coils 66a to 66h as armature coils. Each of the coils 66a to 66h is wound from the radially outer base end portion of each of the teeth 64a to 64h toward the radially inner distal end portion, and as shown in FIG. While being pulled out from the radially outer side, the other end 67b is pulled out from the radially inner side.

  A commutator 68 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 62 at a position closer to the opening side of the motor housing 62 than the core 63 so as to be integrally rotatable. The commutator 68 of the second embodiment includes 24 segments 22 (only two are shown in FIG. 8) arranged in the circumferential direction, and a short-circuit member 23 for short-circuiting the segments 22 having the same potential. , The segment 22 and the disk-shaped holding portion 69 that holds the short-circuit member 23.

  Of the 24 segments 22, the outer end side coil connecting portion 33 a provided in every other segment 22 in the circumferential direction has a distal end of the segment main body 31 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. A connection groove 33d extending along the thickness direction is formed.

  Further, the holding portion 69 has substantially the same shape as the holding portion 24 of the first embodiment. Specifically, the holding portion 69 does not include the boss portion 24e, and includes an insertion hole 69a having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 61 in place of the fitting hole 24d in the holding portion 24. And about the site | parts other than the boss | hub part 24e and the insertion hole 69a (insertion hole 24d), while the holding | maintenance part 69 and the holding | maintenance part 24 of the said 1st Embodiment make the same shape, the outer diameter is the inner diameter of the motor housing 62 It is formed to be equal to or slightly larger.

  Such a commutator 68 is press-fitted into the motor housing 62 so that the segment 22 (sliding contact surface 31 a) faces in the opposite direction to the core 63, so that the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion 69 and the motor housing 62 are The motor housing 62 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 62 in contact with the inner peripheral surface. In the commutator 68 fixed to the motor housing 62, the plate pressure direction of the holding portion 69 and the axial direction of the rotary shaft 61 coincide. Further, in the commutator 68 fixed to the motor housing 62, as in the first embodiment, the eight segments 22 having the connection grooves 33d are positioned in the circumferential direction at the diameters of the coils 66a to 66h. It coincides with the position where the one end 67a on the outer side in the direction is pulled out. At the same time, the eight insertion holes 24f are arranged in the vicinity of positions where the other end portions 67b of the coils 66a to 66h are pulled out.

  And the one end part 67a of the coils 66a-66h pulled out from the radial direction outer side is formed in the outer peripheral side coil connection part 33a of the corresponding segment 22 through the guide groove 24b formed in the outer peripheral surface of the holding | maintenance part 69, respectively. Guided into the connecting groove 33d. And welding is performed with respect to the outer peripheral side coil connection part 33a and the one end part 67a of the coils 66a-66h, and the corresponding one end part 67a and the outer peripheral side coil connection part 33a are electrically connected.

  On the other hand, the other end portions 67b of the coils 66a to 66h drawn out from the radially inner side are inserted into the corresponding insertion holes 24f from the holding portion 69 side toward the segment 22 side, and the inner circumferences aligned with the respective insertion holes 24f in the radial direction. It is electrically connected to the side coil connecting portion 32a by welding. For example, the other end 67b of the coil 66h is inserted into the insertion hole 24f arranged in the radial direction with the segment 22 arranged next to the segment 22 to which the one end 67a of the coil 66h is connected. It is connected to the inner periphery side coil connection part 32 a of the segment 22 arranged next to the connected segment 22. Similarly to the other end portion 67b of the coil 66h, the other end portions 67b of the coils 66a to 66g are also connected to the corresponding inner peripheral side coil connection portions 32a.

  In the DC motor M2 configured as described above, when current is selectively supplied from the external power supply device to the coils 66a to 66h via the anode-side brush 8 and the cathode-side brush 9, the coils 66a to 66h The armature 52 rotates according to the generated rotating magnetic field. Since the commutator 68 rotates when the armature 52 rotates, the segments 22 that are in sliding contact with the anode brush 8 and the cathode brush 9 are switched, and the coils 66a to 66h are sequentially rectified.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the same operations and effects as (2) of the first embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the short-circuit member 23 is composed of one short-circuit component group 41, the thickness of the short-circuit member 23 can be made thinner than a conventional short-circuit member formed by stacking a plurality of short-circuit component groups. . The 24 segments 22 are radially arranged at one end of the holding portion 69 in the plate thickness direction, and the sliding contact surfaces 31 a of the segments 22 are formed so as to be orthogonal to the plate thickness direction of the holding portion 69. . Accordingly, the commutator 68 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 62 so that the segments 22 slidably contacted with the anode brush 8 and the cathode brush 9 are sequentially switched as the commutator 68 rotates. The plate thickness direction of the holding portion 69 and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 61 are aligned and fixed. And since this short circuit member 23 is arrange | positioned in parallel with the sliding contact surface 31a, since the thickness direction of this short circuit member 23 and the plate | board thickness direction of the holding | maintenance part 24 correspond, the short circuit member 23 is plate | board thickness direction Therefore, the commutator 68 can be reduced in the axial direction by the amount of the thickness.

  (2) In the DC motor M <b> 2 including the commutator 68, the end portions 67 a and 67 b of the coils 66 a to 66 h are connected to the outer peripheral side coil connection portion 33 a provided at the outer peripheral end portion of the segment 22 or the segment 22. Can be connected to the inner peripheral side coil connecting portion 32a provided at the end portion on the inner peripheral side. Therefore, since it is not necessary to connect the one end portion 67a drawn from the radially outer side of each coil 66a to 66h to the end portion on the inner peripheral side of the segment 22, the one end portion 67a of each coil 66a to 66h is connected to the coil. There is no need to run to the inner peripheral end of the segment 22 along the lines 66a to 66h. Similarly, since it is not necessary to connect the other end 67b drawn out from the radial inner side in the coils 66a to 66h to the outer peripheral end of the segment 22, the one other end 67b of the coils 66a to 66h is There is no need to route the coil 66a to 66h to the end of the segment 22 on the outer peripheral side. As a result, in the DC motor M2 including the commutator 68, the lengths of the one end portion 67a and the other end portion 67b of each of the coils 66a to 66h can be shortened. In addition, since it is not necessary to secure a space around the one end 67a or the other end 67b of the coils 66a to 66h between the coils 66a to 66h and the commutator 68, the armature including the commutator 68 is provided. 52 can be reduced in the axial direction, and as a result, the axial direction reduction of the DC motor M2 in which the armature 52 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the stator 51 can be achieved.

  (3) Out of the 24 segments 22, connection grooves 33 d are formed in the outer peripheral side coil connection portions 33 a of the eight segments 22 to which the radially outer ends 67 a of the coils 66 a to 66 h are connected. . Further, 24 guide grooves 24b extending along the axial direction are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion 24 at positions corresponding to the circumferential position of the outer peripheral side coil connection portion 33a. Therefore, even when the commutator 68 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed cylindrical motor housing 62, the radially outer one end portion 67a of the coils 66a to 66h extends from the holding portion 69 side to the guide groove 24b. It is easily disposed in the connection groove 33d through the inside. Therefore, even when the commutator 68 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed cylindrical motor housing 62, the radially outer one end portion 67a of the coils 66a to 66h with respect to the outer peripheral side coil connection portion 33a is provided. Can be connected easily.

In addition, you may change embodiment of this invention as follows.
In the second embodiment, the commutator 68 is fixed with the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion 69 in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 62. However, the commutator 68 may be fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the motor housing 62 via a fixing component.

  In each of the embodiments described above, the magnets 2 and 54 are formed in a cylindrical shape and have six magnetic poles by being magnetized so as to have different polarities in the circumferential direction. However, the magnets 2 and 54 may be composed of six divided magnets divided in the circumferential direction. In this case, the six divided magnets are arranged so as to have different polarities in the circumferential direction.

  In the second embodiment, the armature 52 has the rotation shaft 61 and is configured to rotate in the circumferential direction with respect to the magnets 2 and 54, but is not limited thereto. For example, a rotor in which the magnet fixing portion 53 and the brush holder 5 are fixed so as to be integrally rotatable with respect to the rotating shaft 61 may be used, and the motor housing 62, the core 63, the coils 66a to 66h, and the commutator 68 may be used as the stator.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the short-circuit member 23 is composed of a flat-plate short-circuit component member group 41. However, the short-circuit member 81 as shown in FIG. A commutator 82 shown in FIG. 10 includes twelve segments 83 that extend radially, a flat plate-like holding portion 84 that holds the segments 83, and the short-circuit member 81. Each segment 83 has an outer peripheral side connection portion 83a protruding radially outward at an outer peripheral end portion thereof, and an inner peripheral side connection portion 83b protruding radially inward at an end portion thereof radially inward. ing. A radially outer end of an armature coil (not shown) is connected to the outer peripheral side connecting portion 83a of the predetermined segment 83, and an armature coil is connected to the inner peripheral side connecting portion 83b of the predetermined segment 83. A radially inner end of (not shown) is connected. The holding portion 84 has an annular shape, and the slidable contact surfaces (not shown) on which the power supply brushes are slidably contacted in the 12 segments 83 are arranged in the same plane, and the 12 segments 83 are formed. These segments 83 are held so as to be equiangularly spaced in the circumferential direction. A surface of the holding portion 84 opposite to the segment 83 (sliding contact surface) is a flat arrangement surface 84a. The short-circuit member 81 is arranged on the arrangement surface 84a. The short-circuit member 81, that is, the short-circuit component group 85 is configured by a plurality (12 in FIG. 10) of short-circuit conductors 86 arranged in the circumferential direction. Each short-circuiting conductor 86 has one end on the radially outer side electrically connected to the outer peripheral side connecting portion 83a, and the other end on the radially inner side is connected to one end on the radially outer side of the short-circuiting conductor 86. The segment 83 is electrically connected to the inner peripheral side connection portion 83b of the segment 83 arranged at a position distant by 120 ° in the counterclockwise direction. Thereby, each short circuit lead 86 has short-circuited the segments 83 in the position 120 degrees apart in the circumferential direction. The short-circuit member 81 configured in this manner is disposed on the flat disposition surface 84a, and all the twelve short-circuit conductors 86 are located on the outer peripheral side connection portion 83a at a position shifted by 120 ° in the circumferential direction in the same direction. In addition, since the inner peripheral side connecting portion 83b is connected, the inner peripheral side connecting portions 83b are not overlapped with each other, and thus are formed in a planar shape corresponding to the arrangement surface 84a. In the short-circuit member 81, the thickness of the commutator 82 in the plate thickness direction (same as the axial direction) is equal to the diameter of the short-circuit conductor 86. Therefore, the commutator 82 can be downsized in the axial direction. However, when this commutator 82 is provided in a DC motor, the number of magnetic poles and the number of armature coils are appropriately changed. Further, in the short-circuit conductor 86, the radially outer end corresponds to the outer peripheral terminal, the radially inner end corresponds to the inner peripheral terminal, and the outer peripheral connection in the short-circuit conductor 86. A portion between the portion 83a and the inner peripheral side connecting portion 83b corresponds to the connecting portion.

  In each of the above embodiments, the DC motors M1 and M2 have six magnetic poles, eight coils 18a to 18h, 66a to 66h, and 24 segments 22. However, the number of magnetic poles, the number of coils (teeth), and the number of segments may be changed as appropriate. In this case, the number of segments is, for example, the least common multiple of the number of magnetic poles of the magnet and the number of coils (teeth).

The schematic block diagram of the DC motor of 1st Embodiment. The disassembled perspective view of the armature of 1st Embodiment. (A) is a partial expansion perspective view of the armature core of 1st Embodiment, (b) is the partial expansion perspective view of the armature of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the commutator of 1st Embodiment. The bottom view of the commutator of 1st Embodiment. (A) is a perspective view of a short circuit member, (b) is a perspective view of a segment. The expanded view which shows the electrical constitution of a DC motor. An axial direction sectional view showing a schematic structure of a DC motor of a 2nd embodiment. Radial direction sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the DC motor of 2nd Embodiment. The top view of the commutator of another form.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,62 ... Motor housing, 2,54 ... Magnet, 8 ... Anode side brush as power supply brush, 9 ... Cathode side brush as power supply brush, 11, 52 ... Armature, 12, 61 ... Rotating shaft, 13 , 63 ... Core as an armature core, 14a to 14h, 64a to 64h ... Teeth, 18a to 18h, 66a to 66h ... Coil as an armature coil, 19a, 67a ... One end of the armature coil, 19b, 67b ... The other end of the armature coil, 21, 68, 82 ... commutator, 22, 83 ... segment, 23, 81 ... short-circuit member, 24, 69, 84 ... holding part, 31a ... slidable contact surface, 32, 83b ... inside Peripheral side connection part, 33, 83a ... Outer peripheral side connection part, 41, 85 ... Short circuit component group, 42 ... Outer peripheral side terminal, 43 ... Inner peripheral side terminal, 44 ... Connection part, 51 ... Stator.

Claims (6)

A plate-shaped holding part;
A plurality of segments arranged radially at one end of the holding portion in the plate thickness direction and having a sliding contact surface perpendicular to the plate thickness direction of the holding portion while being in sliding contact with the power feeding brush;
The outer peripheral side terminals arranged in the same number as the segments in the circumferential direction, the inner peripheral side terminals arranged in the same number as the outer peripheral side terminals in the circumferential direction inside the outer peripheral side terminals, and the outer circumference terminals provided in the same number as the outer peripheral side terminals It is comprised of one planar short-circuit component member group having a connecting portion that connects the side terminal and the inner peripheral terminal in the same direction with a predetermined angle shift in the circumferential direction, and is parallel to the sliding surface. And a short-circuit member that short-circuits the segments having the same potential,
With
The plurality of segments are
A segment having a peripheral connecting portion radially outer end of the armature coil is connected directly with the outer periphery the outer terminals provided at an end portion of the are connected in segments,
A segment having an inner circumferential side connection portion radially inner end portion of the armature coil is connected directly with the inner end the inner peripheral side terminal provided on the portion of the connection in the segment,
The radially outer end and the radially inner end of the armature coil are not directly connected, and a segment connected to the armature coil via a segment short-circuited by the short-circuit member;
Comprising
A segment having the outer peripheral side connecting portion to which the radially outer end of the armature coil is directly connected; and the inner peripheral side connecting portion to which the radial inner end of the armature coil is directly connected. The segments are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the segment having the inner peripheral side connection portion is adjacent to the segment having the outer peripheral side connection portion adjacent to the opposite side in the circumferential direction of the armature coil. commutator, characterized in Rukoto segment end and a radially inner end portion of the radially outer are not connected directly disposed. The commutator according to claim 1,
In the segment having the outer peripheral side connecting portion, the adjacent segment on the opposite side in the circumferential direction to the segment having the inner peripheral side connecting portion is adjacent to the radially outer end and the radially inner end of the armature coil. A commutator characterized in that a segment to which is not directly connected is arranged. The commutator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
An armature core having a plurality of radially extending teeth;
A plurality of the armature coils wound around each of the teeth, one end of which is drawn from the radially outer side and the other end of which is drawn from the radially inner side;
With
One end portion on the outer side in the radial direction of the armature coil is connected to the outer peripheral side connecting portion, and the other end portion on the inner side in the radial direction of the armature coil is connected to the inner peripheral side connecting portion. Armature to do. The armature according to claim 3 ,
A magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles having different polarities in the circumferential direction and facing the armature in a radial direction;
A direct current motor comprising: The DC motor according to claim 4 , wherein
A motor housing having a cylindrical portion, and a stator having the magnet fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion;
The DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the armature is disposed inside the stator and has a rotating shaft to which the armature core and the commutator are fixed. The DC motor according to claim 4 , wherein
Comprising a stator having the magnet;
The armature is disposed outside the stator, and includes a motor housing to which the armature core and the commutator are fixed on an inner peripheral surface, and a rotating shaft that rotates integrally with the motor housing. DC motor to be used.

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