JP4887730B2 - Binder for granulation of sintering raw material and granulation method - Google Patents
Binder for granulation of sintering raw material and granulation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 90
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims description 65
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 title claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 25
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
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- 239000011361 granulated particle Substances 0.000 description 16
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- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000281 calcium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、鉄鉱石を含む焼結原料の焼結性を改善して焼結機での生産性を向上させるために、この焼結原料を造粒する際に用いられる造粒用バインダーと、造粒方法に関する。 The present invention improves the sinterability of the sintered raw material containing iron ore and improves the productivity in the sintering machine, and a granulating binder used when granulating the sintered raw material, It relates to a granulating method.
一般に高炉に用いられる焼結鉱は、鉄鉱石に、副原料、及びコークス等の燃料等と造粒用添加剤を添加して混合、造粒して擬似粒子とし、これを焼結機に装填して焼成することにより製造されている。即ち、焼結機における焼成に当たり、焼結原料の充填層内の通気性を十分に高めることが、コークス等の燃料の燃焼効率を高め、焼結機の生産性を向上させるために重要な条件となるため、従来においては、焼結原料を造粒して擬似粒子とすることにより、通気性の改善を図っている。 In general, sintered ore used in blast furnaces is mixed with iron ore by adding auxiliary raw materials, fuel such as coke and additives for granulation, and granulated to form pseudo particles, which are then loaded into a sintering machine. And then baked. That is, when firing in the sintering machine, it is important to sufficiently increase the air permeability in the packed bed of the sintering raw material to increase the combustion efficiency of fuel such as coke and improve the productivity of the sintering machine. Therefore, conventionally, the air permeability is improved by granulating the sintered raw material into pseudo particles.
この造粒粒子には、焼結機内での焼結工程における加熱乾燥、焼成過程で、擬似粒子が崩壊することのない十分な強度が要求される。これは、焼結機内で擬似粒子が崩壊して焼結原料の微粉が発生すると、通気性が損なわれ、焼結機の生産性が悪くなるためである。 The granulated particles are required to have sufficient strength so that the pseudo particles do not collapse during the heat drying and baking processes in the sintering process in the sintering machine. This is because when the pseudo particles collapse in the sintering machine and fine powder of the sintering raw material is generated, the air permeability is impaired and the productivity of the sintering machine is deteriorated.
従来、鉄鉱石等の造粒の際に用いられる造粒用添加剤としては、例えば製鉄研究第２８８号（１９７６）第９頁〜第１８頁に開示されているように、生石灰が広く使われている。具体的には、鉄鉱石に、副原料、及びコークス等の燃料等と、造粒用添加剤として生石灰を添加した焼結原料に、更にドラムミキサー内で水を散水することで、造粒性の改善と、焼結機内での加熱乾燥、焼成過程での擬似粒子の崩壊を防止している。図２は、従来の造粒方法を示す模式図であり、配合槽１から、鉄鉱石、コークス、石灰石等の配合原料に更に生石灰が配合された焼結原料がベルトコンベア２，３によりドラムミキサー４に送給され、このドラムミキサー４内で散水ノズル５からの散水下、焼結原料が混合、造粒され、造粒物は、図示しない後段のサージホッパーを経て焼結機パレットへ装入されて焼結され、焼結鉱となる。
Conventionally, as an additive for granulation used in granulation of iron ore or the like, quick lime is widely used as disclosed in, for example, Steelmaking Research No. 288 (1976), pages 9 to 18. ing. Specifically, granulated by sprinkling water in a drum mixer to a sintered raw material in which iron ore is supplemented with a fuel such as a secondary raw material and coke, and quick lime is added as a granulating additive. And preventing the spurious particles from collapsing during the heating and drying and firing processes in the sintering machine. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional granulation method. From the
従来、造粒用添加剤としての生石灰は、鉄鉱石を含む配合原料に対して通常１〜２重量％程度配合されている。なお、ドラムミキサー内で散水する水として、バインダー成分を含む水を散水する場合もある。本発明において、バインダーとは増粘又は硬化促進作用により、焼結原料の造粒効果を発揮するものを言う。
焼結機における生産性の向上のためには、鉄鉱石を含む焼結原料の造粒を促進し、得られる造粒粒子の擬似粒子化性をより一層向上させ、焼結機での加熱乾燥、焼成工程での崩壊による微粉の発生を防止することが望まれる。造粒用添加剤として生石灰を用いる従来法では、生石灰の添加量を増加させることにより、ある程度擬似粒子化性を高めることはできるが、その向上効果にも限界がある。また、バインダー成分を含む水を散水することにより擬似粒子化性を高めることもできるが、やはり、十分な効果は得られていない。このため、更なる擬似粒子化性の向上技術が望まれている。 In order to improve productivity in the sintering machine, the granulation of the sintering raw material containing iron ore is promoted, and the resulting granulated particles are further improved in quasi-particle formability and dried by heating in the sintering machine. It is desired to prevent generation of fine powder due to disintegration in the firing process. In the conventional method using quick lime as an additive for granulation, by increasing the amount of quick lime added, the pseudo-particulate property can be improved to some extent, but the improvement effect is also limited. In addition, sprinkling water containing a binder component can improve the pseudo-particle formation property, but a sufficient effect is still not obtained. For this reason, the further technique of improving pseudo-particle property is desired.
特に、近年、良質な赤鉱鉱の枯渇が進み、焼結性に劣り、焼結機における生産性を悪化させる褐鉱鉱系の焼結原料の適用が増加してきていることから、焼結原料の造粒技術の改善により、生産性を高めることが強く望まれているのが現状である。 In particular, since the depletion of high-quality red ore has progressed in recent years, the application of brown ore-based sintered raw materials that are inferior in sinterability and deteriorate the productivity in the sintering machine has been increasing. At present, it is strongly desired to improve productivity by improving the granulation technology.
本発明は上記従来の実状に鑑みてなされたものであり、鉄鉱石を含む焼結原料を造粒して、焼結機における通気性の改善、生産性の向上に有効な擬似粒子化性に優れた造粒粒子を得ることができる造粒用バインダーと造粒方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, granulating a sintering raw material containing iron ore, and improving the air permeability in the sintering machine, and the pseudo-particle property effective for improving the productivity. An object is to provide a granulating binder and a granulating method capable of obtaining excellent granulated particles.
本発明（請求項１）の焼結原料の造粒用バインダーは、鉄鉱石を含み、かつカルシウムイオン発生源を含む焼結原料の造粒用バインダーであって、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩とを含むことを特徴とする。 The sintering raw material granulation binder of the present invention (Claim 1) is a sintering raw material granulation binder containing iron ore and containing a calcium ion source, wherein bentonite and bicarbonate and / or And carbonate.
請求項２の焼結原料の造粒用バインダーは、請求項１において、更に水ガラスを含むことを特徴とする。
The binder for granulation of the sintering raw material according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in
本発明（請求項３）の焼結原料の造粒方法は、鉄鉱石を含み、かつカルシウムイオン発生源を含む焼結原料にバインダーを添加して造粒する方法において、バインダーとしてベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩とを添加することを特徴とする。 The method for granulating a sintered raw material of the present invention (Claim 3) is a method of granulating by adding a binder to a sintered raw material containing iron ore and containing a calcium ion source, and bentonite and bicarbonate as binders. A salt and / or carbonate is added.
請求項４の焼結原料の造粒方法は、請求項３において、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩とを含むバインダーを用い、バインダー中の重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩の含有量を調整することにより、被造粒物の粘性増加発現時間を制御することを特徴とする。
The granulation method of the sintering raw material according to claim 4 uses the binder containing bentonite and bicarbonate and / or carbonate in
請求項５の焼結原料の造粒方法は、請求項３又は４において、バインダーが更に水ガラスを含むことを特徴とする。
The granulation method for a sintered raw material according to
本発明によれば、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩とを含むバインダーにより、カルシウムイオン発生源を含む焼結原料を効果的に造粒して、擬似粒子化性に優れた造粒粒子を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, a granulated particle having excellent pseudoparticulation properties by effectively granulating a sintered raw material containing a calcium ion generation source with a binder containing bentonite and bicarbonate and / or carbonate. Can be obtained.
即ち、焼結原料は造粒された後、焼結工程で加熱されるため、造粒用バインダーのバインダー成分としては、温度上昇により変性する可能性のある有機物よりも無機物であることが好ましいが、中でもベントナイトは増粘効果を発揮させる他、水分保持効果もあり徐々に水分を放出するため、焼結工程でパレット上部で蒸発した水分が下部で凝縮し通気性の抵抗となるのを抑制する効果があると考えられ、バインダー成分として好ましい。 That is, since the sintering raw material is granulated and then heated in the sintering process, the binder component of the granulating binder is preferably an inorganic substance rather than an organic substance that may be modified by a temperature rise. In particular, bentonite exhibits a thickening effect and also has a moisture retention effect, and gradually releases moisture, so that moisture evaporated at the top of the pallet during the sintering process is suppressed from condensing at the bottom and becoming breathable resistance. It is considered effective, and is preferable as a binder component.
ところで、前述の如く、従来、焼結原料には、一般に造粒用添加剤として生石灰が添加されているが、生石灰等のカルシウムイオン発生源は、水を含むと消石灰となり、更にカルシウムイオンを発生し、これによりベントナイトをゲル化させ、ゲル化により粘性を増加させる。 By the way, as mentioned above, conventionally, quick lime is generally added to the sintering raw material as an additive for granulation. However, calcium ion sources such as quick lime become slaked lime when water is contained, and further generate calcium ions. Thus, bentonite is gelled, and viscosity is increased by gelation.
しかし、焼結原料の造粒初期に粘性が増加するとバインダーが焼結原料全体に行き渡らなくなり、この結果、良好な造粒効果を得ることができなくなる。 However, if the viscosity increases in the initial stage of granulation of the sintered raw material, the binder does not spread over the entire sintered raw material, and as a result, a good granulation effect cannot be obtained.
本発明では、バインダーがベントナイトと共に重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩を含むため、この重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩が焼結原料から生成したカルシウムイオンと反応して重炭酸カルシウム及び／又は炭酸カルシウムとなり、ベントナイトのゲル化を防止する。このように焼結原料から生成したカルシウムイオンと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩とが反応すると、更に焼結原料からカルシウムイオンが溶出するが、この際、バインダー中の重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩がすでに消費されていると、カルシウムイオンはベントナイトと反応してゲル化して粘性を高める。 In the present invention, since the binder contains bicarbonate and / or carbonate together with bentonite, this bicarbonate and / or carbonate reacts with calcium ions generated from the sintering raw material, and thus calcium bicarbonate and / or calcium carbonate. This prevents the bentonite from gelling. When calcium ions generated from the sintering raw material react with bicarbonate and / or carbonate, calcium ions are further eluted from the sintering raw material. At this time, bicarbonate and / or carbonate in the binder is eluted. When salt is already consumed, calcium ions react with bentonite to gel and increase viscosity.
従って、バインダー中の重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩量を調整することにより、このカルシウムイオンとベントナイトとが反応してゲル化することによる粘性増加発現時間を制御することができる（請求項４）。 Therefore, by adjusting the amount of bicarbonate and / or carbonate in the binder, it is possible to control the viscosity increase expression time due to the reaction between the calcium ions and bentonite and gelation (Claim 4). .
本発明において、バインダーは更に水ガラスを含むことが好ましく、水ガラスにより、より一層優れた造粒効果を得ることができる（請求項２，５）。 In the present invention, the binder preferably further contains water glass, the water glass, it is possible to obtain a more excellent granulation effect (claim 2,5).
以下に本発明の焼結原料の造粒用バインダー及び造粒方法の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 Embodiments of a granulating binder and a granulating method for a sintering raw material of the present invention will be described in detail below.
本発明で造粒対象とする焼結原料は、通常、焼結鉱の焼結原料として用いられる鉄鉱石、石灰石、粉コークス等の配合原料に好ましくは造粒用添加剤として生石灰を添加混合することにより、カルシウムイオン発生源を含む混合物である。 The sintering raw material to be granulated in the present invention is usually a mixture of iron ore, limestone, powdered coke and the like used as a sintering raw material for sintered ore, and preferably quick lime is added and mixed as a granulating additive. Therefore, it is a mixture containing a calcium ion generation source.
この場合、生石灰の添加量は、少な過ぎると擬似粒子化性に優れた造粒物を得ることができず、多過ぎると非経済的となるため、配合原料、即ち、鉄鉱石に、副原料、及びコークス等の燃料等を混合したもの（生石灰以外の焼結原料）に対して０．５〜３重量％、特に１〜２重量％とすることが好ましい。 In this case, if the amount of quicklime added is too small, it is not possible to obtain a granulated product excellent in pseudo-particulateness, and if it is too much, it becomes uneconomical. , And a mixture of fuels such as coke (sintering raw materials other than quicklime), preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 2% by weight.
なお、この焼結原料の含水率は通常３〜６重量％程度である。 In addition, the moisture content of this sintering raw material is about 3 to 6 weight% normally.
まず、このようなカルシウムイオン発生源と鉄鉱石とを含む焼結原料を造粒するための本発明の造粒用バインダーについて説明する。 First, the granulation binder of the present invention for granulating a sintering raw material containing such a calcium ion generation source and iron ore will be described.
本発明の焼結原料の造粒用バインダーは、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩と好ましくは更に水ガラスを含むものである。 The granulating binder of the sintering raw material of the present invention contains bentonite, bicarbonate and / or carbonate, and preferably further contains water glass .
重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩としては、特に制限はないが、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、重炭酸カリウム等のアルカリ金属塩の１種又は２種以上を用いることができる。 Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as bicarbonate and / or carbonate, 1 type (s) or 2 or more types of alkali metal salts, such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, can be used.
水ガラスは、増粘効果は殆ど無いが、焼結原料中に生石灰等のカルシウムイオン発生源を含む場合、生石灰等のカルシウムイオン発生源と水の反応により生成した消石灰等のカルシウム化合物と結合し、珪酸カルシウムを生成して固化するため、バインダーとしての効果を発揮し、擬似粒子の安定化作用に優れる。 Water glass has little thickening effect, but when the sintering raw material contains a calcium ion source such as quicklime, it binds with calcium compounds such as slaked lime generated by the reaction of calcium ion source such as quicklime with water. Since calcium silicate is generated and solidified, it exhibits an effect as a binder and is excellent in stabilizing the pseudo particles .
なお、本発明の焼結原料の造粒用バインダーは、バインダー成分として、上記以外の増粘又は硬化促進作用により焼結原料の造粒効果を発揮する他の成分、例えば、グアーガム、ポリビニルアルコール（ＰＶＡ）、ポリアクリルアミド、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルエチルセルロース、でんぷん、リグニン等の１種又は２種以上を含んでいても良い。 In addition, the binder for granulation of the sintering raw material of the present invention includes, as a binder component, other components that exhibit the granulating effect of the sintering raw material by the thickening or curing promoting action other than the above, such as guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA), polyacrylamide, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylethylcellulose, starch, lignin and the like may be contained.
本発明の焼結原料の造粒用バインダーは、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩と、更に好ましくは水ガラス、更に必要に応じて配合される上述のようなバインダー成分に、粘度調整のために、水に溶解した水溶液又は水に分散させた水分散液であることが好ましい。 The binder for granulation of the sintering raw material of the present invention comprises bentonite, bicarbonate and / or carbonate, more preferably water glass , and the binder component as described above further blended as necessary to adjust the viscosity. Therefore, an aqueous solution dissolved in water or an aqueous dispersion dispersed in water is preferable.
しかして、本発明で用いるバインダーは、ベントナイト等のバインダー成分に水を添加することにより、下記の方法で測定されたファンネル粘度（５００／５００）が４０秒以上となるように、調製されたものであることが好ましい。なお、バインダー成分量は問わない。 Thus, the binder used in the present invention is prepared by adding water to a binder component such as bentonite so that the funnel viscosity (500/500) measured by the following method is 40 seconds or more. It is preferable that The amount of the binder component is not limited.
［ファンネル粘度（５００／５００）測定方法］
バインダー５００ｍｌに消石灰５ｇを添加して１０分間撹拌した後、ＡＰＩ規格に基くファンネル粘度（５００／５００）を測定する。
[Funnel viscosity (500/500) measurement method]
After adding 5 g of slaked lime to 500 ml of binder and stirring for 10 minutes, the funnel viscosity (500/500) based on the API standard is measured.
なお、ＡＰＩ規格（American Petroleum Institute（米国石油協会）による泥水性状の試験規格）によるファンネル粘度（５００／５００）は、ＡＰＩ規格のファンネル（Funnel＝漏斗）粘度計により、試料（本発明ではバインダー５００ｍｌに消石灰５ｇを添加・混合したもの）をファンネル容器に入れ、試料の全量が流出し終わるまでに要する時間で表される。 The funnel viscosity (500/500) according to the API standard (muddy water test standard by the American Petroleum Institute (American Petroleum Institute)) was measured using a funnel viscometer according to the API standard (in the present invention, 500 ml of binder). Is added to and mixed with 5 g of slaked lime) in a funnel container, and is expressed as the time required for the entire amount of the sample to flow out.
バインダーのファンネル粘度（５００／５００）が４０秒未満では、造粒効果が十分ではなく、擬似粒子化性に優れた造粒物を得ることができない場合がある。ただし、バインダーのファンネル粘度（５００／５００）が過度に大きいと、原料全体にバインダーの効果を発揮しにくくなるため、バインダーのファンネル粘度（５００／５００）は３００秒以下、特に４０〜１５０秒であることが好ましい。 When the funnel viscosity (500/500) of the binder is less than 40 seconds, the granulation effect may not be sufficient, and a granulated product having excellent pseudo particle formation properties may not be obtained. However, if the funnel viscosity (500/500) of the binder is excessively large, it becomes difficult to exert the effect of the binder on the entire raw material. Therefore, the funnel viscosity (500/500) of the binder is 300 seconds or less, particularly 40 to 150 seconds. Preferably there is.
本発明の焼結原料の造粒用バインダーにおいて、重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩の配合割合には特に制限はないが、重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩はバインダー中に０．０５〜１．０重量％の範囲で後述の粘性増加発現時間が好適範囲となるように配合することが好ましい。 In the binder for granulation of the sintering raw material of the present invention, the blending ratio of bicarbonate and / or carbonate is not particularly limited, but bicarbonate and / or carbonate is 0.05 to 1. It is preferable to blend so that the viscosity increase on-time described later is in a suitable range within the range of 0% by weight.
また、水ガラスを配合する場合、水ガラスは同じくバインダー中で０．１〜１重量％の範囲とすることが好ましい。 Moreover, when mix | blending water glass , it is preferable that water glass is made into the range of 0.1 to 1 weight% in a binder similarly.
次に、このようなバインダーを用いる本発明の焼結原料の造粒方法について説明する。 Next, a method for granulating the sintered raw material of the present invention using such a binder will be described.
本発明の焼結原料の造粒方法においては、前述の焼結原料に対して、バインダーとして、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩とを添加して造粒する。この際、バインダーとは別に更に水をバインダーの散布手段とは別に設けられた散水手段で散水して造粒することが好ましい。 In the method for granulating a sintered raw material of the present invention, bentonite and bicarbonate and / or carbonate are added and granulated as a binder to the aforementioned sintered raw material. In this case, it is preferable that the granulation is performed by sprinkling water with a spraying means provided separately from the binder spraying means in addition to the binder.
即ち、造粒のために必要な全量をバインダー成分と共に焼結原料に添加すると、水分が焼結原料全体に均一に分散しにくく、このために良好な造粒効果が得られない。このため、焼結原料に散水する水の一部を、バインダーの散布手段とは別の散水手段から散水することが好ましく、これにより、水が焼結原料全体に均一に分散されるようになり、高い造粒効果を得ることができる。 That is, when the total amount necessary for granulation is added to the sintering raw material together with the binder component, moisture is difficult to be uniformly dispersed throughout the sintering raw material, and therefore a good granulation effect cannot be obtained. For this reason, it is preferable to spray a part of the water sprayed on the sintering raw material from a water spraying means different from the binder spraying means, so that the water is uniformly dispersed throughout the sintering raw material. High granulation effect can be obtained.
また、本発明の焼結原料の造粒方法においては、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩、好ましくは更に水ガラスを含む前述の本発明の造粒用バインダーを用い、前述の如く、バインダー中の重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩量を調整することにより、前述の粘性増加発現時間を制御することが好ましい。なお、粘性増加発現時間とは、造粒開始から、粘性を測定し、粘性が急に上昇（ゲル化）するまでの時間を意味する。 Further, in the method for granulating a sintering raw material of the present invention, the above-mentioned granulating binder of the present invention containing bentonite and bicarbonate and / or carbonate, preferably water glass , is used. It is preferable to control the above-described viscosity increase time by adjusting the amount of bicarbonate and / or carbonate therein. The viscosity increase expression time means the time from the start of granulation until the viscosity is measured and the viscosity suddenly increases (gelation).
この粘性増加発現時間は、造粒開始から終了に到るまでの期間（この造粒に要する期間を「造粒所要時間Ｔ」と称す。）のうちの０〜１／２の期間、即ち、造粒開始から造粒所要時間Ｔの１／２の期間（０〜１／２Ｔ）、特に１／６Ｔ〜１／３Ｔの期間内であることが、バインダーを焼結原料に対して均一に分散させると共に、その後、十分な増粘作用で良好な造粒効果を得る上で好ましい。 This viscosity increase expression time is a period of 0 to 1/2 in a period from the start to the end of granulation (the period required for granulation is referred to as “granulation required time T”), that is, The binder is uniformly dispersed in the sintering raw material within the period of 1/2 of the granulation required time T from the start of granulation (0 to 1 / 2T), particularly within the period of 1 / 6T to 1 / 3T. Thereafter, it is preferable for obtaining a good granulation effect with a sufficient thickening action.
なお、バインダーの添加量としては、ベントナイトの添加量が焼結原料に対して０．０００５〜０．３重量％、特に０．００７〜０．０７重量％、重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩の添加量が焼結原料に対して０．００００５〜０．３重量％、特に０．００１〜０．００５重量％、水ガラスの添加量が焼結原料に対して０．０００１〜０．０２重量％、特に０．０００３〜０．００３重量％となる量であることが好ましい。 In addition, as addition amount of a binder, the addition amount of bentonite is 0.0005 to 0.3 weight% with respect to a sintering raw material, especially 0.007 to 0.07 weight%, bicarbonate and / or carbonate of Addition amount is 0.00005 to 0.3% by weight, particularly 0.001 to 0.005% by weight with respect to the sintering material, and addition amount of water glass is 0.0001 to 0.02% with respect to the sintering material %, Particularly 0.0003 to 0.003% by weight.
一方、水の添加量は、後述の好適な含水率の造粒物が得られるように調製される。 On the other hand, the amount of water added is adjusted so as to obtain a granulated product having a suitable water content described later.
本発明において、バインダーとしては、好ましくは、前述の如く、ベントナイト及び重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩、更に好ましくは水ガラスに水を添加して調製された水分散液ないし水溶液が用いられるため、このバインダー中の水量と、バインダーとは別に散水される水量との合計により、後述の好適な含水率の造粒物が得られるように、バインダー中の水量、バインダーとは別に散水される水量が適宜調整されるが、バインダー中に含まれる水量と、バインダーとは別に散水される水量との比は、バインダー中の水量：バインダーとは別に散水される水量＝１：０．１〜１０、特に１：０．３〜２であることが好ましい。この範囲よりもバインダー中の水量が多く、バインダーとは別に散水される水量が少ないと、バインダーとは別に水を散水することによる造粒効果の向上効果を十分に得ることができず、また、バインダー中の水分量が多いことにより、バインダーのファンネル粘度（５００／５００）が小さくなって、造粒効果が劣るものとなる。逆に、バインダー中の水量が少なく、バインダーとは別に散水される水量が多いと、バインダーの水分量が少ないことにより、バインダーの取り扱い性が悪くなる上に、バインダーの増粘作用が原料全体に行きわたりにくくなるため、造粒効果が劣る。 In the present invention, as the binder, preferably, as described above, bentonite and bicarbonate and / or carbonate, and more preferably, an aqueous dispersion or aqueous solution prepared by adding water to water glass is used. The total amount of water in the binder and the amount of water sprinkled separately from the binder is such that the amount of water in the binder and the amount of water sprinkled separately from the binder are such that a granulated product having a suitable moisture content described later is obtained. Although appropriately adjusted, the ratio of the amount of water contained in the binder and the amount of water sprayed separately from the binder is such that the amount of water in the binder: the amount of water sprayed separately from the binder = 1: 0.1-10, in particular It is preferable that it is 1: 0.3-2. If the amount of water in the binder is larger than this range, and the amount of water sprayed separately from the binder is not sufficient, the effect of improving the granulation effect by sprinkling water separately from the binder cannot be obtained, When the water content in the binder is large, the funnel viscosity (500/500) of the binder becomes small, and the granulation effect becomes inferior. Conversely, if the amount of water in the binder is small and the amount of water sprayed apart from the binder is large, the binder's water content is small, resulting in poor handling of the binder and the thickening action of the binder throughout the raw material. Since it becomes difficult to go around, the granulation effect is inferior.
本発明において、バインダーと水とは、造粒所要時間Ｔのうちの０〜１／３の期間、即ち、造粒開始から造粒所要時間Ｔの１／３の期間（０〜１／３Ｔ）に焼結原料に添加することが好ましい。 In the present invention, the binder and water are a period of 0 to 1/3 of the granulation required time T, that is, a period of 1/3 of the granulation required time T from the start of granulation (0 to 1/3 T). It is preferable to add to the sintering raw material.
なお、バインダーと水とは、造粒所要時間のうちの同時期に散布しても良く、別の時期に散布しても良いが、別の時期に散布する場合は、水の散水を開始した後、バインダーを散布することが好ましい。 In addition, the binder and water may be sprayed at the same time of the granulation required time or may be sprayed at another time, but when sprayed at another time, water spraying was started. Thereafter, it is preferable to spray a binder.
本発明において、このような焼結原料の造粒で得られる造粒物の含水率は、６〜９重量％とすることが好ましい。この含水率が６重量％未満であっても、９重量％を超えても、バインダーによる造粒効果が損なわれ、擬似粒子化性に優れた造粒粒子を得ることができない。 In this invention, it is preferable that the moisture content of the granulated material obtained by granulation of such a sintering raw material shall be 6-9 weight%. Even if the water content is less than 6% by weight or more than 9% by weight, the granulation effect by the binder is impaired, and granulated particles having excellent pseudo-particle formation properties cannot be obtained.
造粒に用いるミキサー（造粒機）については特に制限はなく、ドラムミキサーの他、パン型ミキサー、アイリッヒミキサー、パドルミキサー等、通常の焼結原料の造粒に用いられるミキサーをいずれも適用可能である。ミキサーは、１段型であっても良く、２段直列配置型であっても良い。 There is no particular limitation on the mixer (granulator) used for granulation, and any mixer used for granulation of ordinary sintering materials such as a bread mixer, Eirich mixer, paddle mixer, etc. can be applied in addition to a drum mixer. Is possible. The mixer may be a single-stage type or a two-stage series arrangement type.
以下に、本発明の焼結原料の造粒方法の実施の形態の一例を模式的に示す図１を参照して、本発明の具体的な実施方法を説明する。図１において、図２に示す部材と同一機能を奏する部材には同一符号を付してある。 Below, with reference to FIG. 1 which shows typically an example of embodiment of the granulation method of the sintering raw material of this invention, the specific implementation method of this invention is demonstrated. In FIG. 1, members having the same functions as those shown in FIG.
図１において、ドラムミキサー４には、水添加のための散水ノズル５とバインダー添加のための散布ノズル６がその入口側に設けられている。配合槽１からの焼結原料は、ベルトコンベア２，３よりドラムミキサー４に投入され、このドラムミキサー４内で散水ノズル５からの散水及び散布ノズル６からのバインダー散布下に造粒される。得られた造粒粒子は、図示しない後段のサージホッパーを経て焼結機ヘ送給されて焼結され、焼結鉱となる。
In FIG. 1, the drum mixer 4 is provided with a watering
本発明によれば、擬似粒子化性に優れた造粒粒子を得ることができ、このような造粒粒子であれば、焼結工程において良好な通気性を維持し、高い生産性で焼結鉱を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain granulated particles having excellent pseudo-particulation properties. With such granulated particles, good air permeability is maintained in the sintering process, and sintering is performed with high productivity. Mines can be obtained.
以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
なお、以下において、造粒粒子の擬似粒子化性はＧＩ（擬似粒化）指数により評価した。 In the following, the pseudo-particle property of the granulated particles was evaluated by a GI (pseudo-granulation) index.
ＧＩ指数とは、前述の非特許文献１（製鉄研究第２８８号（１９７６）第９頁〜第１８頁）に開示されている評価方法であり、計算式は、次式にて表される。ＧＩ指数はブランクと比べて大きい程、微粉の放出が少なく擬似粒子化性に優れることを示す。但し、ブランクが異なると直接比較はできない。
ＧＩ指数＝（（１−Ａ’／Ａ）＋（１−Ｂ’／Ｂ））×１００
Ａ ：粒径０．２５〜０．５ｍｍの真粒子の割合（重量％）
Ａ’：粒径０．２５〜０．５ｍｍの造粒粒子の割合（重量％）
Ｂ ：粒径０．２５ｍｍ以下の真粒子の割合（重量％）
Ｂ’：粒径０．２５ｍｍ以下の造粒粒子の割合（重量％）
The GI index is an evaluation method disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 (Steel Manufacturing Research No. 288 (1976), pages 9 to 18), and the calculation formula is expressed by the following formula. The larger the GI index compared to the blank, the smaller the emission of fine powder and the better the pseudo-particle property. However, direct comparison is not possible if the blanks are different.
GI index = ((1−A ′ / A) + (1−B ′ / B)) × 100
A: Ratio of true particles having a particle diameter of 0.25 to 0.5 mm (% by weight)
A ′: Ratio of granulated particles having a particle diameter of 0.25 to 0.5 mm (% by weight)
B: Ratio of true particles having a particle size of 0.25 mm or less (% by weight)
B ′: Ratio of granulated particles having a particle size of 0.25 mm or less (% by weight)
また、ベントナイトとしては、２．５重量％濃度水スラリーとしたものについて、前述の方法で測定したファンネル粘度（５００／５００）が次のような値のものを用いた。また、水ガラスとしては珪酸３号を用いた。
ベントナイトＡ：ファンネル粘度（５００／５００）＝ ３０秒
ベントナイトＢ：ファンネル粘度（５００／５００）＝ ４３秒
ベントナイトＣ：ファンネル粘度（５００／５００）＝ ６０秒
ベントナイトＤ：ファンネル粘度（５００／５００）＝１００秒
Further, as bentonite, a slurry having a water weight of 2.5% by weight and a funnel viscosity (500/500) measured by the method described above was used as follows. Silica No. 3 was used as the water glass.
Bentonite A: Funnel viscosity (500/500) = 30 seconds Bentonite B: Funnel viscosity (500/500) = 43 seconds Bentonite C: Funnel viscosity (500/500) = 60 seconds Bentonite D: Funnel viscosity (500/500) = 100 seconds
実施例１〜４、比較例１〜６
図１に示す方法で造粒を行った。
Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-6
Granulation was performed by the method shown in FIG.
オーストラリア産鉄鉱石「サラジ」に生石灰を１．５重量％添加した焼結原料（含水率４重量％）をドラムミキサーに投入し、２０ｒｐｍで回転させながら、水及びバインダーの散布下に造粒し、含水率７重量％の造粒粒子を得た。水及びバインダーの散布はドラムミキサーの回転開始から１分間かけて行い、回転時間は６分間とした。即ち、水とバインダーは１／６Ｔの期間に添加した。 Sintered raw material (water content 4% by weight) with 1.5% by weight quick lime added to Australian iron ore “Saraji” is put into a drum mixer and granulated under water and binder spraying while rotating at 20 rpm. Granulated particles having a water content of 7% by weight were obtained. Water and binder were sprayed over 1 minute from the start of rotation of the drum mixer, and the rotation time was 6 minutes. That is, water and binder were added during a period of 1 / 6T.
バインダーとしては表１に示す配合及びファンネル粘度（５００／５００）のものを用い、このバインダーとは別に散布した水と、バインダー中の水量との比は１：１となるようにし、また、焼結原料に対する各成分の添加量が表１に示す量となるように散布した。 The binder shown in Table 1 and the funnel viscosity (500/500) are used. The ratio of the water sprayed separately from the binder and the amount of water in the binder is 1: 1, It sprayed so that the addition amount of each component with respect to a binding raw material might turn into the quantity shown in Table 1.
ただし、比較例１においては、水のみを、得られる造粒粒子の含水率が７重量％となるように散水した。 However, in Comparative Example 1, only water was sprayed so that the moisture content of the resulting granulated particles was 7% by weight.
このときの粘性増加発現時間をファンネル粘度（５００／５００）の経時変化により調べると共に、得られた造粒粒子を篩で分級して、ＧＩ指数を調べ、結果を表１に示した。 The viscosity increase onset time at this time was examined by the change in funnel viscosity (500/500) with time, and the obtained granulated particles were classified with a sieve to examine the GI index. The results are shown in Table 1.
表１より、ベントナイトと重炭酸塩及び／又は炭酸塩とを併用することにより、粘性増加発現時間を調整して、擬似粒子化性に優れた造粒粒子を得ることができることが分かる。即ち、粘性増加発現時間を１／６Ｔ〜４／６Ｔとすることにより、水のみの場合や造粒直後の場合と比べて、造粒粒子のＧＩ指数が大幅に増加していることが分かる。特に１／６Ｔ〜２／６Ｔでは顕著な効果を示している。 From Table 1, it can be seen that by using bentonite and bicarbonate and / or carbonate together, it is possible to adjust the viscosity increase time and obtain granulated particles excellent in pseudo-particulate property. That is, it can be seen that by setting the viscosity increase time to 1 / 6T to 4 / 6T, the GI index of the granulated particles is greatly increased as compared with the case of water alone or immediately after granulation. In particular, 1 / 6T to 2 / 6T shows a remarkable effect.
１ 配合槽
２，３ ベルトコンベア
４ ドラムミキサー
５ 散水ノズル
６ バインダーの散布ノズル
1
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