JP4886519B2 - ハロゲン含有ポリマーのための安定剤組成物 - Google Patents
ハロゲン含有ポリマーのための安定剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4886519B2 JP4886519B2 JP2006537288A JP2006537288A JP4886519B2 JP 4886519 B2 JP4886519 B2 JP 4886519B2 JP 2006537288 A JP2006537288 A JP 2006537288A JP 2006537288 A JP2006537288 A JP 2006537288A JP 4886519 B2 JP4886519 B2 JP 4886519B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tert
- acid
- butyl
- group
- bis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 57
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 28
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 28
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didodecyl thiobispropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ACZGCWSMSTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1-benzofuran-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)CC2=C1 ACZGCWSMSTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 claims 3
- TVWGHFVGFWIHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hexadecan-2-yl-4,6-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1O TVWGHFVGFWIHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- UPYPTOCXMIWHSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylsulfanyldodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCSCCCCCCCCCCCC UPYPTOCXMIWHSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 thiodipropionic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 106
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 60
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 46
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 38
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 35
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 29
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 13
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 13
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 12
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 8
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 6
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisodecyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound OCCN1C(=O)N(CCO)C(=O)N(CCO)C1=O BPXVHIRIPLPOPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDVYCTOWXSLNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-t-Butylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KDVYCTOWXSLNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910017090 AlO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004803 Di-2ethylhexylphthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- KCXZNSGUUQJJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-hexyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCC KCXZNSGUUQJJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRADHMIOFJQKEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC)C(C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC)=C1 KRADHMIOFJQKEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 4
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisononyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- SQHKJSPPFSVNDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2,3-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC1CCCC(O)(CO)C1(CO)CO SQHKJSPPFSVNDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZPIRWAHWDCHWLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylsulfanylethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSCCO ZPIRWAHWDCHWLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CKPKHTKLLYPGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,6-dimethylheptane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CC(CCCCC(O)O)(C)C CKPKHTKLLYPGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000270730 Alligator mississippiensis Species 0.000 description 3
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UKJARPDLRWBRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1NCCCCCCNC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 UKJARPDLRWBRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-diphenyloxamide Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FTWUXYZHDFCGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- YCFZZALTCSESPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-sulfanylbutanedioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(S)C([O-])=O YCFZZALTCSESPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WLVAUUBKRRARBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(S)C([O-])=O.CC(S)C([O-])=O WLVAUUBKRRARBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YMTQMTSQMKJKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diphenoxide Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 YMTQMTSQMKJKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AQFGGEAOJGBUKS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydroxymethanethioate Chemical class [Zn+2].[O-]C(S)=O.[O-]C(S)=O AQFGGEAOJGBUKS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011590 β-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007680 β-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002478 γ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002446 δ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/37—Thiols
- C08K5/372—Sulfides, e.g. R-(S)x-R'
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L57/00—Compositions of unspecified polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C08L57/06—Homopolymers or copolymers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
- C08L57/08—Homopolymers or copolymers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen containing halogen atoms
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
H.ズウェイフェル,Handbook of Plastic Additives,第5版,ハンサー,2001,427−483頁。
反応混合物へ添加される部分的に障害性のフェノール系抗酸化剤とチオエーテル又はチオエーテル−エステルの組み合わせが、現状の技術と比べて、ハロゲン含有ポリマー及び結果として生じるポリマー化合物の熱安定性をはるかに改善することが今や発見された。
a)水性懸濁液又は乳濁液の形態のハロゲン含有ポリマー又はコポリマー、
b)式(Ia)又は(Ib)
nは、2又は3を表わし、
R1は、第三ブチル基、二級に結合した炭素原子数3ないし18のアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R’1は、第三ブチル基、一級又は二級に結合した炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7ないし9のフェニルアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R3は、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基又は−CH2−CH2−CO−O−(炭素原子数1ないし18)アルキル基を表わし、
R’2は、二価の又は三価の橋かけ基を表わし、
R4は、基
R2は、水素原子、メチル基又は基
c)式(IIa)、(IIb)又は(IIc)
R11及びR12は、独立して、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基を表わし、
kは、2ないし4を表わし、
Xは、2−メチル−1,2,3−プロパン−トリイル基又は1,2,3,4−メタン−テトライル基を表わす。)で表わされる20℃より高い融点を有するチオエーテル又はチオエーテル−エステル、
を含む組成物である。
エチレンの塩素化ポリマー、クロロブタジエンのポリマー及び塩素化後のポリマー、及び塩化ビニルとのそれらのコポリマー、並びに引用したポリマーとそれら自身との又は他の重合性化合物との混合物。
nは、2又は3を表わし、
R1は、第三ブチル基、二級に結合した炭素原子数3ないし18のアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R’1は、第三ブチル基、一級又は二級に結合した炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7ないし9のフェニルアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R3は、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基又は−CH2−CH2−CO−O−(炭素原子数1ないし18)アルキル基を表わし、
R’2は、炭素原子数1ないし12のアルキレン基、−S−、トリメチレン−イソシアヌレート基、又は基−CH2−CH2−CO−(OCH2CH2)p−O−CO−CH2CH2−(式中、pは1ないし3の数を表わす。)を表わし、
R2は、水素原子、メチル基又は基
1.1.アルキル化モノフェノール、例えば、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−4−メチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−4−エチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−4−n−ブチルフェノール、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−4−イソブチルフェノール、2,6−ジシクロペンチル−4−メチルフェノール、2,6−ジオクタデシル−4−メチルフェノール、2,4,6−トリシクロヘキシルフェノール、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−4−メトキシメチルフェノール、線状ノニルフェノール又は側鎖において枝分かれしたノニルフェノール、例えば、2,6−ジ−ノニル−4−メチルフェノール。
シ−3,5−ジメチルベンジルメルカプトアセテート、トリデシル−4−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジ−第三ブチルベンジルメルカプトアセテート、トリス(3,5−ジ−第三ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジル)アミン、ビス(4−第三ブチル−3−ヒドロキシ−2,6−ジメチルベンジル)ジチオテレフタレート、ビス(3,5−ジ−第三ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジル)スルフィド、イソオクチル−3,5−ジ−第三ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジルメルカプトアセテート。
ホスファ−2,6,7−トリオキサビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタンとのエステル。
1.16.アミン系抗酸化剤、例えば、N,N’−ジ−イソプロピル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ジ−第二ブチル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ビス(1,4−ジメチルペンチル)−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ビス(1−エチル−3−メチルペンチル)−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ビス(1−メチルヘプチル)−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ジシクロヘキシル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ジフェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N,N’−ビス(2−ナフチル)−p−フェニレンジアミン、N−イソプロピル−N’−フェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N−(1,3−ジメチルブチル)−N’−フェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N−(1−メチルヘプチル)−N’−フェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、N−シクロヘキシル−N’−フェニル−p−フェニレンジアミン、4−(p−トルエンスルファモイル)ジフェニルアミン、N,N’−ジメチル−N,N’−ジ−第二ブチル−p−フェニレンジアミン、ジフェニルアミン、N−アリルジフェニルアミン、4−イソプロポキシジフェニルアミン、N−フェニル−1−ナフチルアミン、N−(4−第三オクチルフェニル)−1−ナフチルアミン、N−フェニル−2−ナフチルアミン、オクチル化ジフェニルアミン、例えばp,p’−ジ−第三オクチルジフェニルアミン、4−n−ブチルアミノフェノール、4−ブチリルアミノフェノール、4−ノナノイルアミノフェノール、4−ドデカノイルアミノフェノール、4−オクタデカノイルアミノフェノール、ビス(4−メトキシフェニル)アミン、2,6−ジ−第三ブチル−4−ジメチルアミノメチルフェノール、2,4’−ジアミノ
ジフェニルメタン、4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、N,N,N’,N’−テトラメチル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、1,2−ビス[(2−メチルフェニル)アミノ]エタン、1,2−ビス(フェニルアミノ)プロパン、(o−トリル)ビグアニド、ビス[4−(1’,3’−ジメチルブチル)フェニル]アミン、第三オクチル化N−フェニル−1−ナフチルアミン、モノ−及びジアルキル化第三ブチル/第三オクチルジフェニルアミンの混合物、モノ−及びジアルキル化ノニルジフェニルアミンの混合物、モノ−及びジアルキル化ドデシルジフェニルアミンの混合物、モノ−及びジアルキル化イソプロピル/イソヘキシルジフェニルアミンの混合物、モノ−及びジアルキル化第三ブチルジフェニルアミンの混合物、2,3−ジヒドロ−3,3−ジメチル−4H−1,4−ベンゾチアジン、フェノチアジン、モノ−及びジアルキル化第三ブチル/第三オクチルフェノチアジンの混合物、モノ−及びジアルキル化第三オクチルフェノチアジンの混合物、N−アリルフェノチアジン、N,N,N’,N’−テトラフェニル−1,4−ジアミノブテ−2−エン、N,N−ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジ−4−イル−ヘキサメチレンジアミン、ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジ−4−イル)セバケート、2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−オン、2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−オール。
2.1.2−(2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、例えば、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’,5’−ジ−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(5’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)フェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’,5’−ジ−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第二ブチル−5’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−4’−オクチルオキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’,5’−ジ−第三アミル−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’,5’−ビス(α,α−ジメチルベンジル)−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−オクチルオキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−5’−[2−(2−エチルヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルエチル]−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−メトキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−メトキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−オクチルオキシカルボニルエチル)フェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−5’−[2−(2−エチルヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルエチル]−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−ドデシル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(3’−第三ブチル−2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−(2−イソオクチルオキシカルボニルエチル)フェニルベンゾトリアゾール、2,2’−メチレンビス[4−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)−6−ベンゾトリアゾリ−2−イルフェノール];2−[3’−第三ブチル−5’−(2−メトキシカルボニルエチル)−2’−ヒドロキシフェニル]−2H−ベンゾトリアゾールとポリエチレングリコール300とのエステル交換生成物;Rが3’−第三ブチル−4’−ヒドロキシ−5’−2H−ベンゾトリアゾリ−2−イルフェニル基を表す[R−CH2CH2−COO−CH2CH2−]2−、2−[2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−(α,α−ジメチルベンジル)−5’−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)フェニル]ベンゾトリアゾール;2−[2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)−5’−(α,α−ジメチルベンジル)フェニル]ベンゾトリアゾール。
、2−クロロ−4,6−ビス(4−n−ブチルアミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジル)−1,3,5−トリアジンと1,2−ビス(3−アミノプロピルアミノ)エタンの縮合生成物、2−クロロ−4,6−ジ(4−n−ブチルアミノ−1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチルピペリジル)−1,3,5−トリアジンと1,2−ビス(3−アミノプロピルアミノ)エタンの縮合生成物、8−アセチル−3−ドデシル−7,7,9,9−テトラメチル−1,3,8−トリアザスピロ[4.5]デカン−2,4−ジオン、3−ドデシル−1−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)ピロリジン−2,5−ジオン、3−ドデシル−1−(1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジル)ピロリジン−2,5−ジオン、4−ヘキサデシルオキシ−と4−ステアリルオキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジンの混合物、N,N’−ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)ヘキサメチレンジアミンと4−シクロヘキシルアミノ−2,6−ジクロロ−1,3,5−トリアジンの縮合生成物、1,2−ビス(3−アミノプロピルアミノ)エタンと2,4,6−トリクロロ−1,3,5−トリアジン並びに4−ブチルアミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジンの縮合生成物(CAS登録番号[136504−96−6]);1,6−ヘキサンジアミンと2,4,6−トリクロロ−1,3,5−トリアジン並びにN,N−ジブチルアミンと4−ブチルアミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジンの縮合生成物(CAS登録番号[192268−64−7]);N−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)−n−ドデシルスクシンイミド、N−(1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジル)−n−ドデシルスクシンイミド、2−ウンデシル−7,7,9,9−テトラメチル−1−オキサ−3,8−ジアザ−4−オキソ−スピロ[4.5]デカン、7,7,9,9−テトラメチル−2−シクロウンデシル−1−オキサ−3,8−ジアザ−4−オキソスピロ[4.5]デカンとエピクロロヒドリンの反応生成物、1,1−ビス(1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジルオキシカルボニル)−2−(4−メトキシフェニル)エテン、N,N’−ビス−ホルミル−N,N’−ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)ヘキサメチレンジアミン、4−メトキシメチレンマロン酸と1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ヒドロキシピペリジンとのジエステル、ポリ[メチルプロピル−3−オキシ−4−(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)]シロキサン、無水マレイン酸α−オレフィンコポリマーと2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−アミノピペリジン又は1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−アミノピペリジンとの反応生成物。
(2−ヒドロキシ−3−ブチルオキシプロポキシ)フェニル]−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチル)−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−[2−ヒドロキシ−4−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−オクチルオキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル]−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチル)−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−[4−(ドデシルオキシ/トリデシルオキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロポキシ)−2−ヒドロキシフェニル]−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−[2−ヒドロキシ−4−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−ドデシルオキシプロポキシ)フェニル]−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−4−ヘキシルオキシ)フェニル−4,6−ジフェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシフェニル)−4,6−ジフェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン、2,4,6−トリス[2−ヒドロキシ−4−(3−ブトキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロポキシ)フェニル]−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)−4−(4−メトキシフェニル)−6−フェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン、2−{2−ヒドロキシ−4−[3−(2−エチルヘキシル−1−オキシ)−2−ヒドロキシプロピルオキシ]フェニル}−4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン。
以下のホスフィットが特に好ましい:
トリス(2,4−ジ−第三ブチルフェニル)ホスフィット(イルガフォス(登録商標:Irgafos)168、チバ−ガイギー)、トリス(ノニルフェニル)ホスフィット、
2−ヒドロキシエトキシ]フェニル)ベンゾフラノ−2−オン]、5,7−ジ−第三ブチル−3−(4−エトキシフェニル)ベンゾフラノ−2−オン、3−(4−アセトキシ−3,5−ジメチルフェニル)−5,7−ジ−第三−ブチルベンゾフラノ−2−オン、3−(3,5−ジメチル−4−ピバロイルオキシフェニル)−5,7−ジ−第三−ブチルベンゾフラノ−2−オン、3−(3,4−ジメチルフェニル)−5,7−ジ−第三ブチルベンゾフラノ−2−オン、3−(2,3−ジメチルフェニル)−5,7−ジ−第三ブチルベンゾフラノ−2−オン。
好ましくは、Zn−O−結合を含む有機亜鉛化合物は、典型的には、亜鉛エノラート、亜鉛フェノラート又は/及び亜鉛カルボキシレートである。これらの後者は、脂肪族の飽和及び不飽和の炭素原子数1ないし22のカルボキシレート系、少なくとも1つのOH基によって置換された又は/及びそれらの鎖が少なくとも1つの又は1つ以上のO原子(オキサ酸)によって中断されたところの脂肪族の飽和又は不飽和の炭素原子数2ないし22のカルボキシレート系、5ないし22個の炭素原子を含む環状及び2環式のカルボキシレート系、未置換の又は少なくとも1つのOH基によって及び/又は炭素原子数1ないし16のアルキル基によって置換されたフェニルカルボキシレート系、フェニル−炭素原子数1ないし16のアルキルカルボキシレート系、未置換の又は炭素原子数1ないし12のアルキル基で置換されたフェノラート系、又はアビエチン酸系の化合物である。Zn−S化合物は、典型的には、亜鉛メルカプチド及び亜鉛メルカプトカルボキシレートである。
ート、亜鉛チオサリチレート、亜鉛−ビス−i−オクチルチオグリコレート、亜鉛メルカプトプロピオネート、亜鉛チオラクテート、亜鉛チオマレート、亜鉛−ビス−オクチルメルカプトプロピオネート、亜鉛−ビス−イソオクチルチオラクテート及び亜鉛−ビス−ラウリルチオマレートが例として言及される。
この種の適当な化合物は、例えば、以下のものである:
ペンタエリトリトール、ジペンタエリトリトール、トリペンタエリトリトール、ビストリメチロールプロパン、トリメチロールエタン、ビストリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、ビス−トリメチロールプロパン、ソルビトール、マルタイト、イソマルタ
イト、ラクタイト、リカザイン(lycasine)、マンニトール、キシリット、イノサイト(inosite)ラクトース、ロイクロース、トリス(ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレート、パラチナイト、テトラメチロールシクロヘキサノール(TMCH)、テトラメチロールシクロペンタノール、テトラメチロールシクロピラノール、グリセロール、ジグリセロール、ポリグリセロール、チオジグリセロール、又は1−0−α−D−グリコピラノシル−D−マンニトールジヒドレート、並びにポリビニルアルコールおよびシクロデキストリン;及びまた、例えば、ポリオール、典型的には、ジペンタエリトリトールアジペート、グリセロールオレエート、グリセロールトリオレエート等の縮合物。TMCH、ペンタエリトリトール、ジペンタエリトリトール、ソルビトール及び二糖アルコールが好ましい。ポリオールは、成分(i)100質量部に基づき、例えば0.01ないし20質量部、慣用的には0.1ないし20質量部、好ましくは0.1ないし10質量部の量で使用され得る。
1,3−ジカルボニル化合物の具体的な例は、アセチルアセトン、ブタノイルアセトン、ヘプタノイルアセトン、ステアロイルアセトン、パルミトイルアセトン、ラウロイルアセトン、7−第三ノニルチオ−ヘプタン−2,4−ジオン、ベンゾイルアセトン、ジベンゾイルメタン、ラウロイルベンゾイルメタン、パルミトイルベンゾイルメタン、ステアロイルベンゾイルメタン、イソオクチルベンゾイルメタン、5−ヒドロキシカプロニルベンゾイルメタン、トリベンゾイルメタン、ビス(4−メチルベンゾイル)メタン、ベンゾイル−p−クロロベンゾイルメタン、ビス(2−ヒドロキシベンゾイル)メタン、4−メトキシベンゾイルベンゾイルメタン、ビス(4−メトキシベンゾイル)メタン、1−ベンゾイル−1−アセチルノナン、ベンゾイルアセチルフェニルメタン、ステアロイル−4−メトキシベンゾイルメタン、ビス(4−第三ブチルベンゾイル)メタン、ベンゾイル−ホルミルメタン、ベンゾイルフェニルアセチルメタン、ビス(シクロヘキサノイル)メタン、ジ(ピバロイル)メタン、メチルアセトアセテート、エチルアセトアセテート、ヘキシルアセトアセテート、オクチルアセトアセテート、ドデシルアセトアセテート又はオクタデシルアセトアセテート、エチルベンゾイルアセテート、ブチルベンゾイルアセテート、2−エチルヘキシルベンゾイルアセテート、ドデシルベンゾイルアセテート又はオクタデシルベンゾイルアセテート、エチルステアロイルアセテート、プロピルステアロイルアセテート、ブチルステアロイルアセテート、ヘキシルステアロイルアセテート又はオクチルステアロイルアセテート及びデヒドロアセト酢酸並びにそれらの亜鉛、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属又はアルミニウム塩である。1,3−ジカルボニル化合物は、PVC100質量部に基づき、例えば0.01ないし10質量部、慣用的には0.01ないし3質量部、好ましくは0.01ないし2質量部の量で使用され得る。
これに関しては、大豆油又は菜種油等の天然源からの脂肪酸のエポキシ化エステルが特に言及される。エポキシ化合物は、好ましくは、組成物100質量部に基づき、例えば0.1質量部の量で、慣用的には、成分(i)100質量部に基づき、0.1ないし30質量部、好ましくは0.5ないし25質量部の量で使用される。他の例は、エポキシ化ポリブタジエン、エポキシ化亜麻仁油、エポキシ化魚油、エポキシ化獣脂、メチルブチル−又は2−エチルヘキシルエポキシステアレート、トリス(エポキシプロピル)イソシアヌレート、エポキシ化ヒマシ油、エポキシ化ヒマワリ油、3−フェノキシ−1,2−エポキシプロパン、ビスフェノールAのジグリシジルエーテル、ビニルシクロヘキサンジエポキシド、ジシクロペンタジエンジエポキシド、及び3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル−3,4−エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシレートである。適当なエポキシドはまた、とりわけ、米国特許第5492949号明細書、米国特許第5519077号明細書及び米国特許第5543449号明細書に記載されたビスフェノールA及びビスフェノールFの誘導体である。
適当なモノマー状ジヒドロピリジンは、とりわけ、仏国特許出願公開第2039496号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第2007号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第362012号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第24754号明細書及び欧州特許出願公開第716123号明細書に記載された化合物である。好ましい化合物は、式
ポリジヒドロピリジンは、好ましくは、以下の式
Tは、未置換の炭素原子数1ないし12のアルキル基を表わし、
Lは、Tと同様の意味を有し、
m及びnは、0ないし20の数を表わし、
kは、0又は1を表わし、
R及びR’は、それぞれ互いに独立して、エチレン基、プロピレン基、ブチレン基又は−(−CpH2p−X−)tCpH2p型のアルキレン−又はシクロアルキレンビスメチレン基を表わし、
pは、2ないし8を表わし、
tは、0ないし10を表わし、
Xは酸素原子又は硫黄原子を表わす。)で表わされる化合物である。
このような化合物は、欧州特許出願公開第286887号明細書により詳細に記載される。(ポリ−)ジヒドロキシピリジンは、ポリマー100質量部に基づき、慣用的には0.001ないし5質量部、好ましくは0.005ないし1質量部の量でハロゲン含有ポリマー中に使用され得る。チオジエチレン−ビス[5−メトキシカルボニル−2,6−ジメチル−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン−3−カルボキシレート]及び1,4−ジヒドロ−2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジカルボドデシルオキシピリジンが特に好ましい。
典型的な例は、式M(ClO4)n(式中、Mは、Li、Na、K、Mg、Ca、Ba、Zn、Al、Ce又はLaを表わす。)で表わされるものである。Mの価数に依存して、指数nは、1、2又は3を表わす。過塩素酸塩は、アルコール又はエーテルアルコールと錯体化し得る。各過塩素酸塩は、様々な標準的な存在形態で、例えば、塩又は該塩又はPVC、ケイ酸カルシウム、ゼオライト又はハイドロタルサイト等の基材へ適用される遊離酸の水性溶液として使用され得るか、又はハイドロタルサイトと過塩素酸塩の化学反応によって得られ得る。過塩素酸塩は、成分(i)100質量部に基づき、例えば0.001ないし5質量部、慣用的には0.01ないし3質量部、特に好ましくは0.01ないし2質量部の量で使用され得る。
これらの化合物の化学組成物は、例えば、独国特許出願公開第3843581号明細書、米国特許出願公開第4000100号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第062813号明細書、国際公開第93/20135号パンフレットから当業者に既知である。
ハイドロタルサイト系の化合物は、一般式III
M2+ 1−x・M3+ x・(OH)2・(An−)x/n・mH2O (III)(式中、
M2+=Mg、Ca、Sr、Zn及びSnからなる群から選択される1つ以上の金属、
M3+=Al又はB、
Anは、価数nのアニオンを表わし、
nは、1ないし2の数を表わし、
0<x≦0.5、
mは、0ないし20の数を表わす。)によって記載され得る。
An=OH−、ClO4 −、HCO3 −、CH3COO−、C6H5COO−、CO3 2−、SO4 −−、
LiOH又はLi2CO3を含むハイドロタルサイト(‘‘固体溶液’’)を使用することもできる。
Mx/n[(AlO2)x(SiO2)y]・wH2O (IV)
(式中、
nは、カチオンMの電荷を表わし、
Mは、Li、Na、K、Mg、Ca、Sr又はBa等の周期表の第一族又は第二族の元素又はZnを表わし、
y:xは、0.8ないし15、好ましくは0.8ないし1.2の数を表わし、
wは、0ないし300、好ましくは0.5ないし30の数を表わす。)によって記載され得る。
Zeolite’’,ブッターワース−ヘインマン,第3版,1992年中で見られ得る。
ゼオライトの例は、式Na12Al12Si12O48・27H2O[ゼオライトA]、Na6Al6Si6O24・2NaX・7.5H2O(X=OH、ハロゲン原子、ClO4)[ソダライト]、Na6Al6Si30O72・24H2O、Na8Al8Si40O96・24H2O、Na16Al16Si24O80・16H2O、Na16Al16Si32O96・16H2O、Na56Al56Si136O384・250H2O[ゼオライトY]、Na86Al86Si106O384・264H2O[ゼオライトX];並びに、Al/Siの比が1/1のX−及びY−ゼオライトで表わされるナトリウムア
ルモシリケート;又は、(Na,K)10Al10Si22O64・20H2O、Ca4.5Na3[(AlO2)12(SiO2)12]・30H2O、K9Na3[(AlO2)12(SiO2)12]・27H2O等のLi原子、K原子、Mg原子、Ca原子、Sr原子又はZn原子によるナトリウム原子の部分的な又は完全な置換によって示され得るゼオライトである。
欧州特許出願公開第400961号明細書に記載されたようなK オフレタイト、英国特許出願公開第841812号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトR、米国特許第4503023号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトLZ−217、米国特許第4333859号明細書に記載されたようなカルシウム非含有ゼオライトLZ−218、米国特許第4503023号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトT、ゼオライトLZ−220、Na3K6Al9Si27O72・21H2O[ゼオライトL]、米国特許第4503023号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトLZ−211、米国特許第4503023号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトLZ−212、米国特許第4503023号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトO、ゼオライトLZ−217、米国特許第4503023号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトLZ−219、米国特許第4503023号明細書に記載されたようなゼオライトRho、ゼオライトLZ−14、Am.Mineral.54 1607(1969)に記載されたようなゼオライトZK−19、バルラー他.,J.Chem.Soc.1956,2882に記載されたようなゼオライトW(K−M)、Na30Al30Si66O192・98H2O[ゼオライトZK−5、ゼオライトQ]、並びにゼオライト構造を有するAlPO4化合物。
M2O・Al2O3・xSiO2・yH2O (IVa)
(式中、xは2ないし5を表わし、yは3.5ないし10を表わし、Mはアルカリ金属原子を表わす。)で表わされるゼオライトP型を使用することが好ましく、式IVa(式中、xは2を表わし、yは3.5ないし10を表わす。)で表わされるゼオライトMAPを使用することが非常に特に好ましい。好ましいのは、ゼオライトNa−P、即ちMがNaを表わすものである。このゼオライトは、通常、立方体、正方晶又は斜方晶構造において互いに異なる、変形型、Na−P−1、Na−P−2及びNa−P−3として得られる(R.M.バルラー,B.M.マンデー,J.Chem.Soc.A 1971,2909−14)。上記した文献は、ゼオライトP−1及びP−2の製造も記載する。該文献によると、ゼオライトP−3は非常に希少のため、実際的関心はほとんどない。ゼオライトP−1の構造は、上記のAtlas of Zeolite Structuresから既知のギスモンダイト(gismondite)構造に対応する。より最新の文献(欧州特許出願公開第384070号明細書)は、立方体(ゼオライトB又はPc)と正方晶(ゼオライトP1)のP型ゼオライト間に違いをもたらす。それは、1.07:1未満のSi:Al比を有する最新のP型ゼオライトも言及する。これらのゼオライトは、‘‘最大 アルミニウム P(maximum aluminium P)’’のためにMAP又は
MA−Pと呼ばれる。製造方法に依存して、ゼオライトPは、少量の他のゼオライトを含み得る。非常に純粋なゼオライトPは、国際公開第94/26662号パンフレットに記載されている。
本発明の範囲内において、水溶性の無機又は有機分散剤の存在下において沈殿させ、結晶化させた微粒子状の水不溶性ナトリウムアルモシリケートを使用することもできる。これらは、沈殿又は結晶化前に又は沈殿又は結晶化中に、いかなる方法においても反応混合物へ添加され得る。
ナトリウムゼオライトA、ナトリウムゼオライトP、ナトリウムゼオライトX及びナトリウムゼオライトYが特に好ましい。
ハイドロタルサイト及びゼオライトはまた、天然に産出する無機化合物又は合成により得られた化合物であり得る。
ハイドロタルサイト及び/又はゼオライトは、ハロゲン含有ポリマー100質量部に基づき、例えば0.1ないし50質量部、慣用的には0.1ないし10質量部、好ましくは0.1ないし5質量部の量で使用され得る。
これらの化合物は、式
{(M2O)m・(Al2O3)n・Zo・pH2O} (V)
(式中、Mは、H、Li、Na、K、Mg1/2、Ca1/2、Sr1/2又はZn1/2を表わし、Zは、CO2、SO2、(Cl2O7)1/2、B4O6、S2O2(チオスルフェート)又はC2O2(オキサレート)を表わし、mは、M=Mg1/2又はCa1/2の場合、1ないし2の数を表わし、他の全ての場合においては、1ないし3の数を表わし、nは、1ないし4の数を表わし、oは、2ないし4の数を表わし、pは、0ないし30の数を表わす。)で示され得る。
使用され得る式(V)で表わされるアルモ塩化合物は、天然に産出する無機化合物又は合成により製造された化合物であり得る。金属は、部分的に、互いに置換され得る。引用したアルモ塩化合物は、結晶質、一部結晶質又は非結晶質であるか、又は乾燥ゲルの形態であり得る。アルモ塩化合物はまた、より希少な結晶質変性物でも得られ得る。欧州特許第394670号明細書は、このような化合物の製造方法を記載している。天然に産出するアルモ塩化合物の典型的な例は、インヂギライト、ツニサイト、アルモハイドロカルサイト、パラ−アルモハイドロカルサイト、ストロンチオドレッセライト及びハイドロストロンチオドレッセライトである。アルモ塩化合物の他の例は以下のものである:
カリウムアルモカーボネート{(K2O)・(Al2O3)・(CO2)2・2H2O}、
ナトリウムアルモチオスルフェート{(Na2O)・(Al2O3)・(S2O2)2・2H2O}、
カリウムアルモスルフィット{(K2O)・(Al2O3)・(SO2)2・2H2O}、
カルシウムアルモオキサレート{(CaO)・(Al2O3)・(C2O2)2・5H2O}、
マグネシウムアルモテトラボレート{(MgO)・(Al2O3)・(B4O6)2・5H2O}、
{([Mg0.2Na0.6]2O)・(Al2O3)・(CO2)2・4.1H2O}、
{([Mg0.2Na0.6]2O)・(Al2O3)・(CO2)2・4.3H2O}及び
{([Mg0.3Na0.4]2O)・(Al2O3)・(CO2)2.2・4.9H2O}。
よる又は組み合わせ沈殿による本質的に既知の方法によって得られ得る(例えば、米国特許第5055284号明細書参照。)。
好ましいアルモ塩化合物は、MがNa又はKを表わし、ZがCO2、SO2又は(Cl2O7)1/2を表わし、mが1−3を表わし、nが1−4を表わし、oが2−4を表わし、pが0−20を表わす上記式で表わされるものである。Zは、特に好ましくはCO2を表わす。
他の好ましい化合物は、以下の式
M2O・Al2O3・(CO2)2・pH2O (Ia)
(M2O)2・(Al2O3)2・(CO2)2・pH2O (Ib)
M2O・(Al2O3)2・(CO2)2・pH2O (Ic)
(式中、Mは、Na、K、Mg1/2、Ca1/2、Sr1/2又はZn1/2等の金属を表わし、pは、0ないし12の数を表わす。)で示され得るものである。
ナトリウムアルモジヒドロキシカーボネート(DASC)及び同種のカリウム化合物(DAPC)が特に好ましい。
ドーソナイトの代わりに、例えば、ベントナイト、マガディアイト、ハレマイト(haremite)等のカチオン交換性を有するシリケートを使用することもできる。
ドーソナイトは、ハロゲン含有ポリマー100質量部に基づき、例えば0.01ないし50質量部、慣用的には0.1ないし10質量部、特に好ましくは0.1ないし5質量部の量で使用され得る。
適当な有機可塑剤は、例えば、以下の群のものである:
A)フタレート:
このような可塑剤の典型的な例は、ジメチルフタレート、ジエチルフタレート、ジブチルフタレート、ジヘキシルフタレート、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルフタレート、ジ−n−オクチルフタレート、ジ−イソ−オクチルフタレート、ジ−イソ−ノニルフタレート、ジ−イソ−デシルフタレート、ジ−イソ−トリデシルフタレート、ジシクロヘキシルフタレート、ジ−メチルシクロヘキシルフタレート、ジメチルグリコールフタレート、ジブチルグリコールフタレート、ベンジルブチルフタレート及びジフェニルフタレート、並びに、フタレートの混合物、例えば、主に直鎖アルコールの炭素原子数7ないし9のアルキルフタレートと炭素原子数9ないし11のアルキルフタレートの混合物、炭素原子数6ないし10−n−アルキルフタレートと炭素原子数8ないし10−n−アルキルフタレートの混合物である。これらのうち、ジブチルフタレート、ジヘキシルフタレート、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルフタレート、ジ−n−オクチルフタレート、ジ−イソ−オクチルフタレート、ジ−イソ−ノニルフタレート、ジ−イソ−デシルフタレート、ジ−イソ−トリデシルフタレート及びベンジルブチルフタレート並びに引用したアルキルフタレートの混合物が好ましい。特に好ましいものは、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルフタレート、ジ−イソ−ノニルフタレート及びジ−イソ−デシルフタレートであり、そしてそれらはまた、DOP(ジ−オクチルフタレート、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルフタレート)、DINP(ジ−イソ−ノニルフタレート)、DIDP(ジ−イソ−デシルフタレート)の標準略語で知られる。
このような可塑剤の典型的な例は、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルアジペート、ジ−イソオクチルアジペート(混合物)、ジ−イソノニルアジペート(混合物)、ジ−イソデシルアジペート(混合物)、ベンジルブチルアジペート、ベンジルオクチルアジペート、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルアゼレート、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルセバケート及びジ−イソデシルセバケート(混合物)である。
ジ−2−エチルヘキシルアジペート及びジ−イソオクチルアジペートが好ましい。
典型的には、トリ−2−エチルヘキシルトリメリテート、トリ−イソデシルトリメリテート(混合物)、トリ−イソトリデシルトリメリテート、トリ−イソオクチルトリメリテート(混合物)並びにトリ−炭素原子数6ないし8のアルキルトリメリテート、トリ−炭素原子数6ないし10のアルキルトリメリテート、トリ−炭素原子数7ないし9のアルキルトリメリテート及びトリ−炭素原子数9ないし11のアルキルトリメリテート。最後に言及したトリメリテートは、トリメリット酸と相当するアルカノール混合物をエステル化することによって得られる。好ましいトリメリテートは、トリ−2−エチルヘキシルトリメリテート及びアルカノール混合物の引用したトリメリテートである。使用される標準略語は、TOTM(トリオクチルトリメリテート、トリ−2−エチルヘキシルトリメリテート)、TIDTM(トリイソデシルトリメリテート)及びTITDTM(トリイソトリデシルトリメリテート)である。
これらは、主に、エポキシ化大豆油等のエポキシ化された不飽和脂肪酸である。
E)ポリマー状可塑剤
ポリエステル可塑剤の製造のために使用される最も慣用の出発材料は、アジピン酸、フタル酸、アゼライン酸及びセバシン酸等のジカルボン酸、1,2−プロパンジオール、1,3−ブタンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール及びジエチレングリコール等のジオールである。
F)リン酸エステル
このようなリン酸エステルの典型的な例は、トリブチルホスフェート、トリ−2−エチルブチルホスフェート、トリ−2−エチルヘキシルホスフェート、トリクロロエチルホスフェート、2−エチルヘキシルジ−フェニルホスフェート、クレシルジフェニルホスフェート、トリフェニルホスフェート、トリクレシルホスフェート及びトリキシレネイルホスフェートである。トリ−2−エチルヘキシルホスフェート及びレオフォス(登録商標:Reofos)50及び95(例えば、FMC)が好ましい。
G)塩素化炭化水素(パラフィン)。
H)炭化水素。
I)モノエステル、例えばブチルオレエート、フェノキシエチルオレエート、テトラヒドロフルフリルオレエート及びアルキルスルホネート。
J)グリコールエステル、例えばジグリコールベンゾエート。
‘‘Taschenbuch der Kunststoffadditive’’,R.ゲーター及びH.ミューラー著,カール ハンサー バーグ,1989,第5S章 341−442、
‘‘PVC Technology’’,W.V.ティトゥ,第4版,エルセビアー出版,1984,第6章,147−180頁。
様々な可塑剤の混合物を使用することもできる。
可塑剤は、PVC100質量部に基づき、例えば5ないし120質量部、慣用的には10ないし100質量部の量で使用され得る。
例えば、モンタンワックス、脂肪酸エステル、PEワックス、アミドワックス、クロロパラフィン、グリセロールエステル、固体又は液体パラフィンワックス、又はアルカリ土類金属せっけん、又は欧州特許出願公開第225261号明細書に記載されたようなシリコーンに基づく滑剤。使用され得る滑剤はまた、‘‘Taschenbuch der Kunststoffadditive’’,R.ゲーター及びH.ミューラー著,カール ハンサー バーグ,第3版,1989,478−488頁にも記載されている。ポリ
マー状材料に添加する前に、滑剤はまた、安定剤とブレンドすることもできる。
適当な充填剤(‘‘Handbook of PVC−Formulating’’,E.J.ウィックソン著,ジョン ウィリー&サンズ,ニューヨーク 1993,393−449頁)及び強化剤(‘‘Taschenbuch der Kunststoffadditive’’,R.ゲーター及びH.ミューラー著,カール ハンサー バーグ,第3版,1989,549−615頁)は、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、ドロマイト、ウォラストナイト、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、シリケートガラス繊維、タルク、カオリン、チョーク、雲母、金属酸化物及び金属水酸化物、カーボンブラック又はグラファイトであり得る。チョークが好ましい。
適当な材料は当業者に既知である。無機顔料の典型的な例は、TiO2、カーボンブラック、Fe2O3、Sb2O3、(Ti、Ba、Sb)O2、Cr2O3、スピネル、例えばコバルトブルー及びコバルトグリーン、Cd(S,Se)、ウルトラマリンブルーである。微粉末形態のTiO2もまた好ましい。有機顔料は、例えば、アゾ顔料、フタロシアニン顔料、キナクリドン顔料、ペリレン顔料、ピロロピリリドン顔料及びアントラキノン顔料である。更なる詳細は、‘‘Handbook of PVC Formulating’’,E.J.ウィックソン,ジョン ウィリー&サンズ,ニューヨーク 1993,449−474頁で見られる。
有機錫化合物は、例えば、有機錫酸化物、有機錫硫化物、有機錫カルボキシレート、有機錫メルカプトカルボキシレート、有機錫メルカプチド及び/又は有機錫メルカプトカルボキシレート、例えば、ジブチル錫酸化物、ジオクチル錫マレイネート、ジブチル錫マレイン酸半エステル、ビス−ジブチル錫−2−エチルヘキサノエート酸化物及び、とりわけ欧州特許出願公開第573394号明細書に記載されるような他のSnO化合物である。
適当な有機錫メルカプチドは、例えば、RnSn(SA)4−n(式中、Rは、とりわけ、メチル基、ブチル基、オクチル基、ラウリル基又はカルボブトキシエチル基を表わし、nは、1又は2を表わし、Aは、典型的には、デシル基、ドデシル基又はカルボアルコキシメチル基又はカルボアルキルオキシエチル基を表わし、該アルコキシ基部分が直鎖の又は枝分かれした炭素原子数6ないし18のアルコキシ基又は炭素原子数5ないし8のシクロアルコキシ基である。)の一般構造で表わされる化合物である。このような錫化合物の具体的な例は、ジメチル錫ビス−カルボイソ−オクチルオキシメチルメルカプチド、ジブチル錫ジラウリルメルカプチド、ジオクチル錫ビス−カルボ−2−エチルヘキシルオキシ−メチルメルカプチド、ジメチル錫ビスメルカプトエチルステアレート、オクチル錫トリス−カルボ−2−エチルヘキシルオキシ−メチルメルカプチド、モノメチル錫メルカプトエチルオレエート硫化物及びビス−ジメチル錫メルカプトエチルステアレート硫化物である。
適当な有機窒素化合物は、例えば、とりわけ、独国特許出願公開第746081号明細書、米国特許第2557474号明細書、東独国特許出願公開第652号明細書、独国特許出願公開第871834号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第174412号明細書、独国特許出願公開第1162073号明細書、米国特許第2367483号明細書、英国特許出願公開第923319号明細書、独国特許出願公開第862512号明細書、独国特許出願公開第2524659号明細書、独国特許出願公開第1544768号明細書、独国特許出願公開第1134197号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第2756号明細書、独国特許出願公開第3048659号明細書、独国特許出願公開第3602367号明細書、欧州
特許出願公開第48222号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第41479号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第65934号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第22087号明細書、欧州特許出願公開第465405号明細書及び欧州特許出願公開第390739号明細書に記載されるようなウレア及びチオウレア、アミノベンゼンスルホネート、アミノベンゾエート、アミノベンズアミド、シアナミド、ジシアンジアミド、グアニジン、グアナミン、メラミン、インドール、アミノクロトネート、テトラゾール、トリアゾール、置換アミノトリアゾール、m−アミノフェノール、アミノウラシル、ピロール、アミノピロール及び他のものである。
該方法は、重合加工中又は重合加工後、ハロゲン含有ポリマーに、
b)式(Ia)又は(Ib)
nは、2又は3を表わし、
R1は、第三ブチル基、二級に結合した炭素原子数3ないし18のアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R’1は、第三ブチル基、一級又は二級に結合した炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7ないし9のフェニルアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R3は、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルコキシ基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R’2は、二価の又は三価の橋かけ基を表わし、
*は、直接結合を表わすか、又は水素原子を表わし、
R2は、水素原子、メチル基又は基
c)式(IIa)、(IIb)又は(IIc)
R11及びR12は、独立して、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基を表わし、
kは、2ないし4を表わし、
Xは、2−メチル−1,2,3−プロパン−トリイル基又は1,2,3,4−メタン−テトライル基を表わす。)で表わされる20℃より高い融点を有するチオエーテル又はチオエーテル−エステル
を添加することからなる方法である。
b)式(Ia)又は(Ib)
nは、2又は3を表わし、
R1は、第三ブチル基、二級に結合した炭素原子数3ないし18のアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R’1は、第三ブチル基、一級又は二級に結合した炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7ないし9のフェニルアルキル基又は炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基を表わし、
R3は、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数5ないし6のシクロアルキル基又は−CH2−CH2−CO−O−(炭素原子数1ないし18)アルキル基を表わし、
R’2は、二価の又は三価の橋かけ基を表わし、
R4は、基
R2は、水素原子、メチル基又は基
c)式(IIa)、(IIb)又は(IIc)
R11及びR12は、独立して、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基を表わし、
kは、2ないし4を表わし、
Xは、2−メチル−1,2,3−プロパン−トリイル基又は1,2,3,4−メタン−テトライル基を表わす。)で表わされる20℃より高い融点を有するチオエーテル又はチオエーテル−エステル
を添加することからなる(請求項12)。
成分b)及びc)は、好ましくは、PVC製造のこの段階において添加される(請求項13)。
標準的なPVC重合反応を、バッチ操作で懸濁法に従って行った。5000mLの容積のダブルジャケット加圧反応器を、57℃の温度及び1000rpmの攪拌速度で操作した。反応中の反応器の圧力及び温度を記録した。
以下の配合を反応器中に添加した:
1000mLのガス抜きした脱塩水
375gの塩化ビニルモノマー
1500mgのポリビニルアルコール(懸濁剤)
0.1mol%(塩化ビニルモノマーに基づく)のジ−2−エチルヘキシルペルオキソジカーボネート(開始剤)
75%イソデカン(ルペロックス233M(登録商標:Luperox 233M),アトフィナ社製)
表1に示した添加剤300ppm(塩化ビニルモノマーの質量に基づく)を、圧力の低下し始めに(約3時間の反応時間後)添加した。更なる1時間の反応時間後、反応器をガス抜きし、得られたポリマーを濾過によって分離した。得られた粗ポリマーを水で洗浄し、濾過し、エタノールで洗浄し、質量が一定になるまで、真空下で40℃において乾燥させた。収率:88%。
PVC樹脂の熱安定性を、‘‘763 PVC サーモマット(登録商標:763 PVC Thermomat)’’(メトローム AG製,CH 9101 ヘリサウ,スイス国)を使用して、脱塩化水素反応を測定することによって評価した。PVC樹脂から放出された塩酸の量は、熱不安定性の程度を示す。塩酸の量は、塩酸を水中に溶解させ、溶液の伝導度を測定することによって定量化した(表1参照。)。特定レベルの伝導度に達するまでの時間が長いほど、樹脂はより安定である。
表1:
PVC化合物の熱安定性を、以下の配合に基づくミルブレンドを製造することによって測定した:
PVC樹脂(S−PVC K−60) 300g
市販の加工助剤 9g
ワックス 2g
ステアリン酸カルシウム 2g
メチル錫メルカプチド安定剤 1g
該ブレンドを、加熱2ロールミル上に、約195℃において15分間置いた。3分毎に、材料をミルから取りだし、加圧してプラックとした。プラックの色(黄色度指数、DIN 6174に従ったYI)を測定した。YIが低いほど、PVC化合物の熱安定性はより良い(表2)。
表2の結果は、本発明に従った安定化は、配合段階中の安定性も増加させることを明らかに示した。
表2
PVC化合物の熱安定性(色)
DLTDPは、ジ−ラウリル−チオ−ジ−プロピオネートである。
全ての化合物は、チバ スペシャルティ ケミカルズ社製である。
Claims (9)
- 前記立体障害性フェノール系抗酸化剤、成分b)が、塩化ビニルの質量に基づき、50ppmないし2000ppmの量で存在する請求項1記載の組成物。
- 成分c)が、塩化ビニルの質量に基づき、50ppmないし2000ppmの量で存在する請求項1記載の組成物。
- 成分b)と成分c)の比が、1:10ないし10:1である請求項1記載の組成物。
- 更に、成分b)とは異なる立体障害性フェノール系抗酸化剤、リン含有安定剤、2−ベンゾフラノン安定剤、立体障害性アミン光安定剤又は紫外線吸収剤を含む請求項1記載の組成物。
- 熱分解に対するポリ塩化ビニルの安定化方法であって、
該方法は、重合加工中又は重合加工後、水性懸濁液又は乳濁液の形態のポリ塩化ビニルに、
b)下記式
c)式(IIa)
R 11 は、炭素原子数1ないし18のアルキル基を表わす。)で表わされる、ジ−ラウリル−チオ−ジ−プロピオネートである20℃より高い融点を有するチオエーテル−エステルを添加することからなる方法であって、
該方法は、ポリ塩化ビニリデン又はそのコポリマーを含まないものである、方法。 - 前記成分b)及びc)が重合反応の終わり近くで(towards the end of the polymerization reaction)添加される請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記重合が懸濁重合であり、かつ前記成分a)及びb)が、重合反応の終わり近くで、乳濁液としてスラリーに添加される請求項6記載の方法。
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CN103897274B (zh) * | 2014-04-22 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏爱特恩东台新材料科技有限公司 | 一种专用于含卤橡胶的稳定剂组合物 |
US9725579B2 (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2017-08-08 | Cytec Industries Inc. | Stabilizing compositions for stabilizing materials against ultraviolet light and thermal degradation |
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AU2004290720B2 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
TW200523308A (en) | 2005-07-16 |
US20110112228A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
US20100048776A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
ZA200602808B (en) | 2007-06-27 |
BRPI0415687A (pt) | 2006-12-26 |
KR101104780B1 (ko) | 2012-01-13 |
WO2005049715A2 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
AU2004290720A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
US20070027243A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
WO2005049715A3 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
CN100467517C (zh) | 2009-03-11 |
SG148148A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
CA2544329A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
US8173731B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 |
CN1878828A (zh) | 2006-12-13 |
KR20060117923A (ko) | 2006-11-17 |
CA2544329C (en) | 2012-10-16 |
JP2007510767A (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
TWI374907B (en) | 2012-10-21 |
EP1680463A2 (en) | 2006-07-19 |
BRPI0415687B1 (pt) | 2013-12-10 |
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