JP4868137B2 - Opening and closing mechanism for vehicle door - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle door opening / closing mechanism provided with a balancer for reducing an operation force when opening a door.

  For example, a hatch-back type or one-box vehicle is provided with a flip-up type back door, and this back door is pivotally supported by a vehicle body via a hinge, and is rotated up and down around the hinge. Open and close the opening on the rear of the vehicle.

  Thus, the back door opening / closing mechanism is provided with a balancer for reducing the operating force when opening the back door and holding the back door in a fully open state. The balancer generates a required urging force by hydraulic pressure, gas pressure, a spring or the like, and one end of the balancer is rotatably connected to the door and the other end is rotatably connected to the vehicle body.

  By the way, in a door opening / closing mechanism provided with a balancer, when the door is closed against the urging force of the balancer, there is a point where the door starts to close due to its own weight (hereinafter referred to as “dead point”). Here, the dead point will be described below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing the relationship between the center of gravity of the back door, the rotation trajectory of the balancer connection point, and the force (the weight of the back door and the biasing force of the balancer). In FIG. The center of movement (hinge), G is the center of gravity of the back door, P ₁ is the connection point (rotation center) of the balancer to the vehicle body, and P ₂ is the balancer connection point of the back door.

In FIG. 6, A indicates the fully open position of the back door, and B indicates the fully closed position, and the back door in the fully open state is pushed downward and rotated downward about the rotation center O. When closed, the center of gravity G of the back door moves along an arc locus C ₁ having a radius r ₁ centered on the rotation center O, and the connection point P ₂ to the balancer door is centered on the rotation center O. It moves while drawing a circular arc locus C ₂ having a radius r ₂ (> r ₁ ).

Thus, when the back door is in the process of being closed from the fully opened state, for example, when the back door is at the D position shown in the drawing, a constant weight mg acts on the center of gravity G of the back door vertically downward, and the back door of the balancer connecting point P ₂ the urging force F of the balancer acts obliquely upward. Here, the magnitude and direction of the urging force F of the balancer varies depending on the position of the back door, and the direction of action thereof coincides with the direction of the straight line connecting the connection points P ₁ and P ₂ .

The back door also has a component force of its own weight mg acting on the center of gravity G (a component in a direction perpendicular to the straight line connecting the rotation center O and the connection point P ₂ ) mg ₁ (in the illustrated example, matches the own weight mg). ) Generates a moment M ₁ (= mg ₁ × r ₁ ) for closing the back door, and a component of the urging force F acting on the connection point P ₂ (the rotation center O and the connection point P). ₂ direction component) F ₁ perpendicular to the straight line connecting generates a moment _{M 2 (= F 1 × r} 2) , which tries to open the back door.

When the back door is at the position D shown in the figure, the moment M ₂ for opening the back door is larger than the moment M ₁ for closing the back door (M ₂ > M ₁ ), so that the back door is fully open. When closing the back door, it is necessary to push down the back door against the urging force of the balancer at least from the fully open position A to the D position.

Thus, as the back door is closed, the magnitude and direction of the urging force F of the balancer change, and the moment M ₂ for opening the back door gradually decreases. For example, the back door is closed to the position C shown in the figure. At the time, the moment M ₂ becomes equal to the moment M ₁ and the two are balanced (M ₂ = M ₁ ), and this C position becomes the dead point. Therefore, after passing the dead point, even if the hand is released from the back door, the back door is automatically closed by its own weight mg. When the back door is completely closed and in the fully closed position B, the urging force F of the balancer acting on the connection point P ₂ has almost a component force that generates a moment M ₂ for opening the back door. The back door is maintained in a fully closed state by a moment M ₁ generated by a component force mg _{1 of} its own weight mg.

By the way, in Patent Document 1, the connecting point position of the damper stay (balancer) is moved during the opening and closing operations of the door by the moving mechanism constituted by the link mechanism and the driving device, and the inclination angle of the damper stay (balancer) is set. A technique is disclosed in which the operation force is reduced both when the door is opened and when the door is closed by changing the opening and closing operations of the door.
JP-A-5-125866

  When closing the back door in the fully open state, the operator presses the outer panel that forms the outer surface of the back door downward against the urging force of the balancer to rotate the back door downward. In many cases, the back door is automatically closed by its own weight even if the hand is released before it is completely closed.

  Therefore, if the dead point is too low, even if the operator releases the back door, the back door will not close due to its own weight and will open, so the back door must be pushed down again by hand to close it. The problem is that the operability is very bad.

  According to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is considered possible to solve the above problem by moving the dead point, but since a complicated moving mechanism including a link mechanism and a driving device is required, Other problems such as an increase in the number of parts and cost, an increase in installation space, and a decrease in operational stability may newly occur.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to improve the operability particularly when the door is closed by easily adjusting the dead point with a simple configuration. It is to provide an opening / closing mechanism.

In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is directed to a balancer that pivotally supports a door that opens and closes a vehicle body opening to a vehicle body via a hinge and applies an urging force in an opening direction to the door. One end of the balancer is pivotally connected to the door, and the other end of the balancer is pivotally connected to the vehicle body. In the vehicle door opening / closing mechanism, the lower end of the balancer in a state where the door is closed is The upper end of the balancer is pivotably connected to the door, and the balancer is pivotally connected to the vehicle body via a bracket attached to the side of the vehicle body opening , and the connection point of the upper end of the balancer is connected to the bracket. of it is offset to the door side is arranged on the door side of the weather strip which is attached to the periphery of the body opening to the vehicle body mounting portion, the inner panel of the door, of the balancer of the bracket Characterized in that a recess for avoiding interference with the binding portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a first surface that is a vehicle body mounting surface is provided at one end of the bracket, and the other end of the bracket is opposed to the first surface. A second surface offset inward in the vehicle width direction is provided, and an upper end of the balancer is connected to an end portion of the second surface .

According to a third aspect, the invention described in claim 2, characterized in that the formation of the bead on a slope connecting the first surface and a second surface of said bracket.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the lower end of the balancer is rotatably connected to the door, the upper end of the balancer is rotatably connected to the vehicle body via the bracket, and the connection point of the upper end of the balancer is It is arranged on the door side with respect to the weather strip attached to the periphery of the vehicle body opening by being offset to the door side with respect to the vehicle body mounting portion of the bracket, and the balancer connecting portion of the bracket is connected to the inner panel of the door. Since the concave part to avoid interference is formed , the balancer can be tilted more than before, and the dead point can be easily set to an appropriate position with a simple configuration without affecting the vehicle design The operability when the door is closed can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention , a first surface that is a vehicle body mounting surface is provided at one end of the bracket, and the other end of the bracket is offset inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the first surface. Since the second surface is provided and the upper end of the balancer is connected to the end of the second surface, the weather of the opening that is usually narrower than the interior width of the side surface of the vehicle without being affected by the size of the vehicle body opening The connection point of the balancer can be arranged outside the vehicle compartment beyond the strip, and the connection point of the balancer can be arranged without being affected by the size of the vehicle body opening .

According to the invention described in claim 3, since the rigidity of the bracket is enhanced by the bead , even if the moment generated in the bracket increases because the connecting point of the balancer to the bracket is offset to the rear of the vehicle body, Deformation is prevented, and the door can be opened and closed stably.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a back door provided with a door opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention as viewed from the passenger compartment side, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a balancer mounting structure of the door opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing the relationship between the center of gravity of the back door, the rotation locus of the balancer connection point, and the force (the back door's own weight and the biasing force of the balancer) in comparison with the conventional case. FIG. 5 is a schematic side view for explaining the closing operation of the back door.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a back door that opens and closes an opening 100 a (see FIG. 3) that opens on the rear surface of a so-called one-box car body 100, and is provided at the periphery of the vehicle body opening 100 a that is opened and closed by the back door 1. Is attached with a weather strip 2 as a sealing member (see FIGS. 1 to 3). FIG. 1 shows a state in which the back door 1 is closed.

  The back door 1 is formed into a hollow shape by joining the outer peripheral edges of an outer panel 1a that forms an outer surface and an inner panel 1b that forms an inner surface. The vehicle door opening 100a is opened and closed by pivoting the back door 1 up and down around the hinges 3 on the left and right sides.

  By the way, a pair of left and right balancers 4 are provided between the left and right sides of the back door 1 and the vehicle body opening 100a to reduce the operating force when the back door 1 is opened. Each balancer 4 generates a required urging force by hydraulic pressure, gas pressure, spring or the like, and includes a cylinder 4a in which high-pressure gas or the like is sealed, and a non-slidably inserted in the cylinder 4a. The rod 4b extends from the illustrated piston to the outside of the cylinder 4a.

  The lower ends of the rods 4b of the pair of left and right balancers 4 are rotatably connected to the side of the back door 1 via ball joints 5 and bolts 6 as shown in FIG. The upper end of 4a is rotatably connected to the side of the vehicle body opening 100a via the bracket 7 and the ball joint 8. Each balancer 4 has the smallest urging force in the most extended state (the state in which the rod 4b is most extended), and the back door 1 is closed as shown in FIG. 1 (the back door 1 is at position B in FIG. 4). In the state), it contracts and generates the largest axial downward biasing force F (see FIGS. 2 and 4), and the back door 1 is fully closed by this biasing force F.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, the left and right brackets 7 are mounted on the side of the vehicle body opening 100a by bolts 9 shown in FIG. 3 inserted into two circular holes 7a formed at one end thereof. The upper end of the balancer 4 (cylinder 4a) is rotatably connected to the other end via a ball joint 8. In the present embodiment, each bracket 7 is attached to the vehicle body 100 with the bolts 9. Alternatively, each bracket 7 may be attached to the vehicle body 100 by rivets, welding, or the like.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the connection point of each balancer 4 to the bracket 7 (indicated by P _{1 in} FIG. 4) is the rear side of the vehicle body (back door) from the attachment portion of the bracket 7 to the vehicle body 100. It is disposed at a position (in this embodiment, a position rearward of the weather strip 2 attached to the periphery of the vehicle body opening 100a) that is offset by e toward the upper side. That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the connecting point P ₁ of each balancer 4 to the bracket 7 is offset obliquely upward toward the rear of the vehicle body by Δe shown in the figure with respect to the conventional connecting point P ′. I am letting.

  By the way, each of the left and right brackets 7 is a press-formed product of sheet metal, and as shown in FIG. 3, this includes a first surface S1 that is a vehicle body mounting surface and a vehicle width with respect to the first surface S1 A second surface S2 offset by ε shown in the figure is provided on the inner side in the direction, and one end of the balancer 4 (cylinder 4a) is connected to an end of the second surface S2. As shown in FIG. 2, three rows of beads 7 b are formed in the width direction on the slope S <b> 3 connecting the first surface S <b> 1 and the second surface 2 of each bracket 7.

Thus, in the present embodiment, as described above, the upper ends of the left and right balancers 4 (cylinder 4a) are connected to the vehicle body 100 side via the bracket 7, and the connection point P1 is connected.
Is offset to the rear of the vehicle body relative to the vehicle body mounting portion of the bracket 7, so that the inclination of the balancer 4 in a side view can be stood up toward the rear of the vehicle body rather than the conventional inclination when the back door 1 is closed.

  That is, L1 shown in FIG. 4 is a central axis showing the inclination of the balancer 4 in the side view of the conventional door opening / closing mechanism, and L2 is a central axis showing the inclination of the balancer 4 in the side view of the door opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention. In addition, according to the door opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention, the balancer 4 can be tilted by an angle of Δθ shown in the drawing rather than the conventional tilt.

  Here, the relationship between the operation | movement which closes the back door 1 in a full open state, and the force at that time is demonstrated based on FIG.4 and FIG.5.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing the relationship between the center of gravity of the back door 1, the rotation locus of the balancer connection point, and the force (the weight of the back door 1 and the biasing force of the balancer 4). In FIG. The center of rotation of the door 1 (hinge 3), G is the center of gravity of the back door, P ₁ is the connection point (rotation center) of the balancer 4 to the vehicle body 100, and P ₂ is the connection point of the balancer 4 to the back door 1. Each is shown.

4 and 5, A indicates the fully open position of the back door 1, and B indicates the fully closed position, and the back door 1 in the fully open state is pushed downward, and this is centered on the rotation center O. When it is pivoted downward and closed, the center of gravity G of the back door 1 moves along an arc locus C ₁ having a radius r ₁ centered on the pivot center O, and the connection point P _{2 of the} balancer 4 to the vehicle body 100. Moves along an arc locus C ₂ having a radius r ₂ (> r ₁ ) centered on the rotation center O.

Thus, when the back door 1 is in the process of closing from the fully open state, for example, when the back door 1 is at the C position shown in the figure, a constant weight mg acts on the gravity center G of the back door 1 vertically downward, the balancer connecting point P ₂ of the back door 1 biasing force F of the balancer 4 is applied to the central axis line L2 direction. Here, the magnitude and direction of the urging force F of the balancer 4 varies depending on the position of the back door 1.

Then, the back door 1, (direction component perpendicular to the line connecting the rotation center O and the connection point P ₂₎ mg ₁ own weight mg component force acting on the center of gravity G will close the back door 1 The moment M ₁ (= mg ₁ × r ₁ ) is generated and the component of the urging force F acting on the connection point P ₂ (the component in the direction perpendicular to the straight line connecting the rotation center O and the connection point P ₂₎ ) F ₁ generates a moment M ₂ (= F ₁ × r ₂ ) that attempts to open the back door 1.

By the way, as the back door 1 is closed, the magnitude and direction of the urging force F of the balancer 4 change, and the moment M ₂ for opening the back door 1 gradually decreases. As described with reference to FIG. At the dead point that starts to close due to its own weight mg, the moment M ₂ is equal to the moment M ₁ and the two are balanced (M ₂ = M ₁ ). Even if the hand is released, the back door 1 tries to open without closing due to its own weight mg. Therefore, it is necessary to close the back door 1 again by pushing it down by hand, which causes a problem that the operability is very bad.

Thus, in the present embodiment, as described above, the connecting point P ₁ to each bracket 4 on the bracket 7 is offset obliquely upward toward the rear of the vehicle body by Δe shown in the figure with respect to the conventional connecting point P ′ ₁ . As a result, the inclination (center axis L2) of each balancer 4 is set to the angle of Δθ shown in the drawing with respect to the conventional inclination (center axis L1), so that the dead point can be moved upward as compared with the conventional case. The reason will be described with reference to FIG.

When the back door 1 is located at the position C shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the component force of the urging force F of the balancer 4 acting on the connection point P ₂ (the rotation center O and the connection point P ₂ are connected). The component F _{1 in the} direction perpendicular to the straight line is smaller than the component force F ′ ₁ of the urging force F ′ acting in the direction of the central axis L _{1 in the related art} (F ₁ <F ′ ₁ ). Accordingly, the moment _{M 2 (= F 1 × r} 2) , which tries to open the back door 1 in the present embodiment, 'conventional moment M generated on the basis of _{1' 2} component force F (= F _'1 × r ₂ ) (M ₂ <M ′ ₂ ), and the dead point can be moved upward accordingly.

  Thus, if the dead point can be moved upward as described above, the above-mentioned problem due to the dead point being too low is solved, and if the operator releases his / her hand from the back door 1, the back door 1 has its own weight mg. Therefore, it is not necessary to push down the back door 1 again by hand to close it, and the operability when closing the back door 1 is improved.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the dead point is located in the vicinity of the intersection P between the rotation locus C ₃ of the operation point by the operator of the back door 1 and the rotation locus C ₄ of the operator's hand. Is desirable in terms of operability.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, a reaction force R having the same magnitude as the biasing force F and a reverse direction acts on the connection point P ₁ of the balancer 4 of each bracket 7. Although a moment due to R is generated, since three rows of beads 7b are formed in the width direction on the slope S3 connecting the first surface S1 and the second surface S2 of each bracket 7 as described above, the brackets are formed by these beads 7b. 7 is increased in rigidity. For this reason, even if the moment generated in the bracket 7 increases because the connecting point P ₁ is offset from the vehicle body attachment portion of the bracket 7 to the rear of the vehicle body, the deformation of the bracket 7 is prevented and the back door 1 is stabilized. Opening and closing operations are possible.

  When the back door 1 in the fully closed state is opened, it is necessary to lift the back door 1 against its own weight mg and the urging force F of the balancer 4 until the dead point is reached. Then, the back door 1 is automatically rotated upward by the urging force F of the balancer 4 to the fully opened position, and the fully opened state is maintained.

  By the way, the layout of the mounting position of the hinge and balancer for pivotally supporting the back door to the vehicle body side is greatly influenced by the design design of the vehicle. It is difficult.

  That is, the inclination of the rear end opening of the vehicle that is opened and closed by the back door is often due to the design of the vehicle, and the silhouette of most rear ends of the vehicle is inclined obliquely upward toward the front of the vehicle body. Since it is often designed, the rear end opening is often formed in an inclined shape in accordance with its shape. When the balancer is attached to the vehicle body opening that is inclined obliquely upward toward the front of the vehicle body in this way, the balancer is attached to the front of the vehicle interior in the front-rear direction and the lower end is attached to the inside of the back door. It is attached with an inclination from the opening, and the dead point is easily located on the lower side. For this reason, even if the operator removes his / her hand from the back door, the back door will not close due to its own weight, so it will be necessary to close the back door by pushing it down again. As described above, this occurs.

Therefore, in the present invention, the connecting point P ₁ of the balancer 4 to the bracket 7 is offset from the vehicle body mounting portion of the bracket 7 to the rear of the vehicle body (back door 1 side), thereby making the balancer 4 tilt more than the conventional tilt. Since the dead point is set to an appropriate position above the conventional position, the operability of the back door 1 can be enhanced with a simple configuration, particularly when it is closed. In this case, since the bracket 7 protrudes toward the rear of the vehicle body, in order to avoid interference between the bracket 7 and the back door 1, as shown in FIG. 3, in order to avoid interference with the bracket 7 on the inner panel 1b of the back door 1. The concave portion 1c is formed.

In the present embodiment, the bracket 7 is provided with a first surface S1 that is a vehicle body mounting surface and a second surface S2 that is offset inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the first surface. Since one end of the balancer 4 is connected to the surface S2 at the end thereof, the vehicle passes over the weather strip 2 of the opening 100a, which is usually narrower than the interior width of the side surface of the vehicle, without being affected by the size of the vehicle body opening 100a. The connection point P ₁ of the balancer 4 can be arranged outside the room.

The above has been described applied form against opening and closing mechanism of the longitudinal opening the back door you particularly pivoted up and down this invention, the lateral opening back door, hood, any other such trunk lid Of course, the present invention can be similarly applied to an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the door.

It is the perspective view which looked at the back door provided with the door opening and closing mechanism concerning the present invention from the passenger compartment side. It is a side view which shows the attachment structure of the balancer of the door opening / closing mechanism which concerns on this invention. It is the XX sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a typical side view which shows the relationship between the gravity center of the back door of the door opening-and-closing mechanism which concerns on this invention, the rotation locus | trajectory of a balancer connection point, and force (the self-weight of a back door and the urging | biasing force of a balancer) as compared with the past. It is a typical side view for demonstrating the closing operation of a back door. It is a typical side view for demonstrating a dead point.

Explanation of symbols

1 Back door (vehicle door)
1a Back door outer panel 1b Back door inner panel 1c Back door recess 2 Weather strip 3 Hinge 4 Balancer 4a Balancer cylinder 4b Balancer rod 5 Ball joint 6 Bolt 7 Bracket 7a Bracket hole 7b Bracket bead 8 Ball joint 9 Bolt 100 Car body 100a Car body opening F, F 'Balancer urging force L1 Center axis of conventional balancer L2 Center axis of balancer of the present invention P ₁ Connection point of balancer to bracket P ₂ Connection point of balancer to back door S1 First surface of bracket S2 Second surface of bracket S3 Slope of bracket

Claims (3)

A door that opens and closes the vehicle body opening is pivotally supported on the vehicle body via a hinge, and one end of a balancer that applies an urging force in the opening direction to the door is rotatably connected to the door. In the opening / closing mechanism of the vehicle door formed by rotatably connecting the other end to the vehicle body,
The lower end of the balancer in a state where the door is closed is rotatably connected to the door, and the upper end of the balancer is rotatable to the vehicle body via a bracket attached to a side portion of the vehicle body opening. And connecting the upper end of the balancer at the door side with respect to the weather strip attached to the periphery of the vehicle body opening by offsetting the connection point of the upper end of the balancer to the vehicle body mounting portion of the bracket . A vehicular door opening / closing mechanism , wherein an inner panel is formed with a recess for avoiding interference with a connection portion of the bracket of the bracket . At one end of the bracket, the first surface is a vehicle body mounting surface provided on the other end of the bracket is provided with a second surface which is offset inward in the vehicle width direction with respect to the first surface, said opening and closing mechanism of the vehicle door according to claim 1, characterized in that connecting the upper end of the balancer to the end of the second surface. The first surface and the closing mechanism of the vehicle door according to claim 2, wherein the bead is formed on the inclined surface connecting the second surface of the bracket.

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