JP4847152B2 - 半導体装置とその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 90
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910005742 Ge—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004151 rapid thermal annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-SXOMAYOGSA-N (3s,5r)-7-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-5-propan-2-ylpyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-SXOMAYOGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CGRVKSPUKAFTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-silylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN[SiH3] CGRVKSPUKAFTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005883 NiSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003811 SiGeC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005224 laser annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
K. Ang et al:IEDMTech. Dig., 2004, p.1069 PMOSトランジスタの場合、ソース/ドレイン領域をSi基板より格子定数の大きいシリコン−ゲルマニウム(Si−Ge)混晶で形成すると、チャネルのSi結晶に圧縮応力が印加され、ホールの移動度が大きくなる。 T. Ghani et al:IEDM Tech. Dig., 2003, p.978 Y. S. Kim et al:Proceedings of ESSDERC 2005, p.305 歪トランジスタとは別に、Si結晶に不純物イオンを注入すると、一部の不純物が深く注入されてしまうチャネリング現象が知られている。チャネリング防止のために、ソース/ドレイン領域の上にSi−CまたはSi−Geを転位密度の高い単結晶または多結晶の状態で成長し、さらにSi膜を成長した後、イオン注入を行う提案がある。
Siである第1の半導体材料で形成された半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板にエピタキシャル成長した単結晶である、SiとCを含む第2の半導体材料で形成されたn型ソース/ドレイン領域を有するnチャネル電界効果トランジスタと、
前記半導体基板にエピタキシャル成長した単結晶である、SiとGeを含む第3の半導体材料で形成されたp型ソース/ドレイン領域を有するpチャネル電界効果トランジスタと、
を有し、前記第2、第3の半導体材料が互いに異なる材料であり、
前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ、前記pチャネル電界効果トランジスタはそれぞれ、前記半導体基板上方に形成されたゲート電極と、ゲート電極側壁上に絶縁体で形成されたサイドウォールスペーサを有し、
前記n型ソース/ドレイン領域は非平坦な上面を有し、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタのサイドウォールスペーサの底面は、少なくとも一部に前記n型ソース/ドレイン領域の上面に倣った非平坦な面を有し、
前記p型電界効果トランジスタのサイドウォールスペーサは平坦な底面を有する
半導体装置
が提供される。
(1)Siである第1の半導体材料で形成された半導体基板のnチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域、pチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域上方に、それぞれゲート電極を形成する工程と、
(2)前記工程(1)の後に、前記ゲート電極を覆って、前記半導体基板上に第1の絶縁マスク層を形成する工程と、 (3)前記工程(2)の後に、前記pチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域をレジストマスクで覆い、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域の前記第1の絶縁マスク層に対して異方性エッチングを行い、ゲート電極側壁上にサイドウォールスペーサ状に第1の絶縁マスク層を残す工程と、
(4)前記工程(3)の後に、前記第1の絶縁マスク層をエッチングマスクとし、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域の半導体基板をエッチングして第1の凹部を形成する工程と、
(5)前記工程(4)の後に、前記第1の凹部上に、前記第1の半導体材料と異なるSiとCを含む第2の半導体材料のソース/ドレイン領域をエピタキシャル成長する工程と、
(6)前記工程(5)の後に、前記第1の絶縁マスク層を除去する工程と、
(7)前記工程(6)の後に、前記ゲート電極側壁上に、絶縁材料でサイドウォールスペーサを形成する工程と、
(8)前記工程(7)の後に、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域を覆う第2の絶縁マスク層を形成する工程と、
(9)前記工程(8)の後に、前記第2の絶縁マスク層、前記サイドウォールスペーサをエッチングマスクとし、前記pチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域の半導体基板をエッチングして第2の凹部を形成する工程と、
(10)前記工程(9)の後に、前記第2の凹部上に、前記第1の半導体材料と異なるSiとGeを含む第3の半導体材料のソース/ドレイン領域をエピタキシャル成長する工程と、
を含む半導体装置の製造方法
が提供される。
、半導体素子を形成する活性領域を画定する素子分離領域2を形成する。素子分離領域2は、例えばシャロートレンチアイソレーション(STI)により形成することができる。シリコン基板1表面上に、酸化シリコン膜のバッファ層を介して素子分離領域上に開口を有する窒化シリコン膜パターンを形成し、開口内のシリコン基板1をエッチングしてトレンチを形成する。
2 素子分離領域(STI)
4 ゲート絶縁膜
5 ポリシリコン層
6 窒化シリコン膜
7 酸化シリコン膜
8 窒化シリコン膜
10 Si−Cのソース/ドレイン領域(第2の半導体)
11 p型ポケット領域
12 n型エクステンション領域
13 n型ポケット領域
14 p型エクステンション領域
16 酸化シリコン膜
17 n型ソース/ドレイン領域
18 p型ソース/ドレイン領域
19 酸化シリコン膜
21 SiGe(Si−Ge−C)ソース/ドレイン領域(第3の半導体)
23 シリサイド層
Ch チャネル領域
Claims (7)
- Siである第1の半導体材料で形成された半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板にエピタキシャル成長した単結晶である、SiとCを含む第2の半導体材料で形成されたn型ソース/ドレイン領域を有するnチャネル電界効果トランジスタと、
前記半導体基板にエピタキシャル成長した単結晶である、SiとGeを含む第3の半導体材料で形成されたp型ソース/ドレイン領域を有するpチャネル電界効果トランジスタと、
を有し、前記第2、第3の半導体材料が互いに異なる材料であり、
前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ、前記pチャネル電界効果トランジスタはそれぞれ、前記半導体基板上方に形成されたゲート電極と、ゲート電極側壁上に絶縁体で形成されたサイドウォールスペーサを有し、
前記n型ソース/ドレイン領域は非平坦な上面を有し、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタのサイドウォールスペーサの底面は、少なくとも一部に前記n型ソース/ドレイン領域の上面に倣った非平坦な面を有し、
前記p型電界効果トランジスタのサイドウォールスペーサは平坦な底面を有する
半導体装置。 - 前記第2の半導体材料は、前記第1の半導体材料より格子定数が小さい請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第3の半導体材料は、前記第1の半導体材料より格子定数が大きい請求項1または2記載の半導体装置。
- (1)Siである第1の半導体材料で形成された半導体基板のnチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域、pチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域上方に、それぞれゲート電極を形成する工程と、
(2)前記工程(1)の後に、前記ゲート電極を覆って、前記半導体基板上に第1の絶縁マスク層を形成する工程と、 (3)前記工程(2)の後に、前記pチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域をレジストマスクで覆い、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域の前記第1の絶縁マスク層に対して異方性エッチングを行い、ゲート電極側壁上にサイドウォールスペーサ状に第1の絶縁マスク層を残す工程と、
(4)前記工程(3)の後に、前記第1の絶縁マスク層をエッチングマスクとし、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域の半導体基板をエッチングして第1の凹部を形成する工程と、
(5)前記工程(4)の後に、前記第1の凹部上に、前記第1の半導体材料と異なるSiとCを含む第2の半導体材料のソース/ドレイン領域をエピタキシャル成長する工程と、
(6)前記工程(5)の後に、前記第1の絶縁マスク層を除去する工程と、
(7)前記工程(6)の後に、前記ゲート電極側壁上に、絶縁材料でサイドウォールスペーサを形成する工程と、
(8)前記工程(7)の後に、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域を覆う第2の絶縁マスク層を形成する工程と、
(9)前記工程(8)の後に、前記第2の絶縁マスク層、前記サイドウォールスペーサをエッチングマスクとし、前記pチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域の半導体基板をエッチングして第2の凹部を形成する工程と、
(10)前記工程(9)の後に、前記第2の凹部上に、前記第1の半導体材料と異なるSiとGeを含む第3の半導体材料のソース/ドレイン領域をエピタキシャル成長する工程と、
を含む半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(4)と(9)の少なくとも一方は、異方性エッチング工程とそれに続く等方性エッチング工程を含む請求項4記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- (11)前記工程(6)と(8)の間に、前記nチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域および前記pチャネル電界効果トランジスタ領域に不純物注入を行う工程
を含む請求項4または5記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(5)は、前記第2の半導体を第1の温度でエピタキシャル成長し、前記工程(10)は、前記第3の半導体を前記第1の温度より低い第2の温度でエピタキシャル成長する請求項4〜6のいずれか1項記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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