JP4847030B2 - Ordering system and ordering method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an ordering system that can increase the order quantity of products while reducing the inventory of parts.

  For example, a production management system described in Patent Document 1 is known as a system for creating a production plan using a material requirement plan (MRP). In this production management system, a conditional MRP process is executed for the production request planned number of products given from the seller side. As a result, if a negative inventory of parts occurs, according to the priority order of the products, The number of products that can be produced is calculated from the current maximum number of available parts (inverse MRP process). After that, when the number of production and supply is determined by comparing the planned production requested number and the production possible number on the seller side, the production management system finally performs MRP processing on the production and supply number. According to such a production management system, it is said that the number of productions agreed between the seller side and the producer side can be secured.

JP 2000-79542 A

  However, according to the above-described conventional production system, it is possible to obtain a highly accurate production quantity, but this does not lead to an increase in the order quantity exceeding the production quantity.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to increase the amount of products that can be ordered while suppressing the inventory of parts.

According to one aspect of the invention,
An ordering / ordering system for managing orders of plural types of products and ordering of parts used for production of the products,
Parts table data representing each part configuration of the assembly constituting each product , category data representing a category of each assembly , and inventory data of parts used for production of each product are stored. Storage means,
Based on the BOM data, the components used in the production of the plurality of types of products, in the common parts and optional components other than the common components used in the production of two or more assemblies of said assembly A classification means for classifying;
Based on the planned sales number of the plurality of types of products and the parts table data, the number of the common parts and the optional parts required for the production of the products of each type for the planned sales number is used as order data. MRP expansion means for calculating;
Wherein based on the category data, the multiple types of each product category, based on the actual use number and use plan number of parts constituting the respective category of the assembly, is included in the order data, the optional components Order quantity addition means for determining an additional parameter for the number of parts and correcting the number of the optional parts based on the additional parameter;
Material management that adds the delivery quantity to the inventory quantity data of the parts corresponding to the common part and the optional part when receiving reply information including the delivery quantity of the common part and the optional part according to the order data Means,
When the requested number of products of the plurality of types is received, the common parts and the optional parts are allocated to the products for the requested number based on the parts table data, and the allocated common parts and the After subtracting the number of optional parts from the inventory data of the parts corresponding to the common parts and the optional parts, the surplus number of common parts indicated by the inventory data of the common parts for each of the plurality of types of products MRP reverse expansion means for allocating a number of optional parts corresponding to the surplus number of common parts;
Means for outputting the number of each type of product to which the MRP reverse expansion means has allocated the surplus number of common parts and the optional parts, respectively, as the number of additional orders that can be received for each type of product;
An ordering and ordering system characterized by comprising:

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

  Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  First, prior to the description of the ordering / ordering system according to the present embodiment, products to be managed by the system will be described.

  A product typically consists of multiple categories of intermediate assemblies. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate assemblies constituting the product model “R450” 400 are classified into two categories “body unit” 410 and “HDD unit” 420.

In addition, not only one type of model but also a plurality of models that can be substituted for each other exist in each category of intermediate assemblies used in the product model. For example, for the product model “R450” 400, the intermediate assembly “main body-B” 412 can be used in addition to the intermediate assembly “main body-A” 411 as the intermediate assembly of the category “main body unit”. Similarly, not only the intermediate assembly “HDD-A” 421 but also the intermediate assembly “HDD-B” 422 can be used as an intermediate assembly of the category “HDD unit”. As described above, it is usually assumed that the intermediate assemblies in each category of the product model use a plurality of types that can be substituted for each other.

  In the following, a case where one intermediate assembly of each category is used for one product will be described as an example, but an intermediate assembly of any category may be used for one product. .

  Next, the overall configuration of the ordering system according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, a case where the ordering / order receiving system 1 according to the present embodiment is connected to the system 2 on the seller side and the system 3 on the parts supplier side via a network 4 such as the Internet is taken as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the ordering / ordering system 1 according to the present embodiment has at least one information processing apparatus 10 connected to a network 4. The information processing apparatus 10 has a hardware configuration as a normal computer that can execute a program in response to a request from the outside, that is, a hard disk in which information (program, data) for realizing a required function is installed. A CPU for executing a program loaded from the hard disk to the memory, various input / output interfaces, and the like.

  The information processing apparatus 10 includes an order management unit 11 that manages part orders to the parts supplier system 3, an order management unit 12 that manages product orders from the seller system 2, and each management unit 11, 12. The data storage unit 13 storing various data referred to by the communication unit 14 and the communication processing unit 14 that controls communication via the network 4 are realized. Among these functional configurations, the order management unit 11, the order management unit 12, and the data storage unit 13 further have the following configurations.

  The order management unit 11 includes a plan development unit 111 that plans production plan information for each product model based on sales plan information (sales plan information planned by the seller) from the seller system 2, and a predetermined period (for example, 1 Model name development ratio determination unit 112 that determines the usage rate (model name development ratio) of the intermediate assembly with respect to the number of products shipped in Japan) for each model, and an MRP development unit that calculates the component requirements for each product model from the production plan information 113, an option categorizing unit 114 that extracts common parts and optional parts from a plurality of product models, and an additional parameter determining unit that determines an order quantity addition rate (additional parameter) of optional parts of the product in accordance with an order record for a product order plan 115, an order quantity addition unit 116 for correcting the part requirement of each model product based on the addition rate, and the corrected part requirement And a material ordering unit 117, which outputs order instruction data to the parts supplier system 3 addressed. With such a configuration, the order management unit 11 is able to use the common component inventory in response to the changing demand while suppressing the inventory of the common component that is generally expensive and between the plurality of product models. A quantity of optional parts can be ordered. In other words, it is possible to meet changing demands while suppressing the ordering cost.

  The order management unit 12 is a material management unit 121 that manages a part receipt schedule based on delivery response information (delivery parts, delivery date, quantity delivered) from the parts supplier system 3, and an order management unit that receives order information from the seller system 2. 125, an MRP reverse expansion unit 122 that calculates the number of additional orders that can be received for each product model each time order information is received from the seller system 2, and a delivery time frame that returns the number of orders that can be received for each product model in response to a request from the seller system An output unit 123. With this configuration, the order management unit 12 can present the number of products that can be produced for each product model at the current time in response to a request from the seller.

  The data storage unit 13 stores the following data tables that are referenced by the order management unit 12 and the order management unit 11.

  In the bill of materials (BOM), as shown in FIG. 2 (B), identification information (parent item name) 20 such as the model of the parent item (product, intermediate assembly product, part) and the like Parts information including child item information 21 regarding the child items is registered in advance. In each child item information 21, identification information (child item name) 21A such as a model of the child item and a number 21B used for each parent item are registered.

  For example, according to the parts table in FIG. 2B, as shown in FIG. 2A, the parent item “HDD-A” has three children associated with the identification information “HDD-A”. Based on the content of the item information, each of the three types of child items “X”, “Y”, and “Z” is configured, and the parent item “HDD-B” is associated with the identification information “HDD-B”. From the contents of one child item information, it can be seen that it is composed of three types of child items “X”, “Y”, and “M” one by one.

  In the category master table, as shown in FIG. 3, category information 30 is registered in advance for each intermediate assembly used in the product. Each category information includes product identification information (model name) 33 in which the intermediate assembly is used, model name 32 of the intermediate assembly, and category identification information (category name) 31 in which the intermediate assembly is used. .

  In the order record information table, for each product model, the correspondence information between the model name, the actual number of orders received, the model name of the intermediate assembly product and the number of uses is stored. The stored information in the order record information table is updated, for example, periodically according to the actual order status of each product model.

  In the model name development ratio table, as shown in FIG. 4B, development ratio information 43 is registered for each intermediate assembly used in the sold product. In each development ratio information 43, the model name 42 of the intermediate assembly, the model name 40 of the product using the intermediate assembly, the category name 41 of the intermediate assembly, and the intermediate assembly for the total number of product models are used. Product ratio (model name development ratio) 44 is included. Such development ratio information is generated, for example, periodically by the development ratio determination unit 112 based on registration information in the order record information table, and updated and registered in the model name development ratio table.

  As shown in FIG. 5, inventory information 50 is registered in the inventory information table for each part delivered from the parts supplier system 3. Each piece of inventory information includes part identification information (part name) 51, inventory quantity 53, and date 52.

  In the delivery date frame table, as shown in FIG. 6, the latest delivery date frame information 60 is registered for each product model. Each delivery date frame information includes a product model name 63, a scheduled delivery date 61, an additional order-capable number 62 in the scheduled delivery date, and a production-capable number 64 in the scheduled delivery date.

  Here, the order management unit 12 and the order management unit 11 are realized by a single information processing apparatus, but this is not necessarily required. For example, the functions of the order management unit 12 and the order management unit 11 may be distributed to a plurality of information processing apparatuses.

Hereinafter, the ordering / ordering process executed in the ordering / ordering system described above will be described separately for the order management process executed by the order management unit 11 and the order management process executed by the order management unit 12.
(1) Order Management Process FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the order management process executed by the order management unit 11.

  In the order management system 1, sales plan information created based on the result of demand forecast or the like is periodically input (for example, every other month) from the seller system. As shown in FIG. 8B, the sales plan information includes a model name 81, a planned sales start date 82, and a planned sales volume 83 for each product model scheduled for sale by the seller. .

  Upon receiving the input of the sales plan information (S70), the plan development unit 111 receives the development ratio information 43 including the model name that matches each model name 81 included in the sales plan information from the development ratio information table. read out. Furthermore, the plan development unit 111 generates production plan information based on the development ratio information and the sales plan information read at this time (S71). Specifically, the planned development unit 111 first, for each of the development ratio information 43 read at this time, the product of the development ratio 44 included therein and the planned sales number 83 of the corresponding product model, that is, the development ratio information. The required number of intermediate assemblies of the model indicated by the model name 43 is calculated. After calculating the necessary number of intermediate assemblies of each type in this way, the plan development unit 111 further calculates the required number 85 of intermediate assemblies of each type, as shown in FIG. 8C, for example. Then, production plan information associated with the model name 86 and the scheduled sales date 87 extracted from the development ratio information and the sales plan information is generated for each product model.

Thereafter, the MRP development unit 113 develops the parts of the production plan information for each product model in accordance with the part configuration represented by the parts table, thereby obtaining the child items and the quantity required for the production of each intermediate assembly. For example, according to the BOM table of FIG. 2B, the used parts per intermediate assembly “HDD-A” are “X”, “Y”, and “Z” one by one, and the intermediate assembly “HDD- Since the parts used per “B” are “X”, “M”, and “Y” one by one, as shown in FIG. 8C, the production plan information of the product model “R450” is the intermediate assembly. If the required number of products “HDD-A” and “HDD-B” is 12 and 8 , respectively, the intermediate assemblies “HDD-A” and “HDD” of the product model “R450” are shown. The parts necessary for the production of “−B” are “X”: 20 pieces, “Y”: 20 pieces, “Z”: 12 pieces, and “M”: 8 pieces.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the MRP expansion unit 113 generates order quantity data in which the information (item name 91 and required quantity 93) obtained at this time is associated with the scheduled sales date 92 extracted from the production plan information. (S72).

  Thereafter, the option categorizing unit 114 extracts the category information 30 including the model name 33 that matches each model name 81 of the sales plan information from the category master table, and selects the parent item name 20 that matches the model name 32 of the category information. The included parts information is extracted from the parts table. Furthermore, the option categorizing unit 114 shares part information including child item names that overlap with other parts information (that is, child item names associated with two or more parent item names). The parts are classified as part information, and the other parts are classified as optional part information. As a result, the child items used in common for two or more types of intermediate assemblies are classified as common parts, and the child items used only for one type of intermediate assemblies are classified as optional parts (S73).

  Thereafter, the additional parameter determination unit 115 stores, in the production plan information, the ratio between the actual used number and the planned number of used units (actual ordered number of orders received information table) / (production plan information) for each category represented by the category information extracted from the category master table. The total value of the required number 85 of all models belonging to the category): the hit rate)) and the variance are calculated, and the hit rate (each of the order record information table) is calculated for each model in the category. Calculate the number of units used and the number of units required for each type of production plan information) and variance. In this example, the case where one intermediate assembly of each category "main unit" and "HDD unit" is used for each product is taken as an example. (Actual number of orders received in the order record information table) is used, but multiple intermediate assemblies of one category are used for one product (for example, two HDD-A for one product) In this case, the product of the actual number of orders received for a product and the number of intermediate assemblies in that category used per product may be used as the actual number of used categories.

  Furthermore, the additional parameter determination unit 115 determines an additional parameter corresponding to a predetermined target value for opportunity loss reduction, using the value obtained here for each parameter. For example, the hit rate and variance (1σ) of the category “HDD unit” are 80% and 10%, the hit rate and variance (1σ) of the type “HDD-A” in the category “HDD unit” are 70% and 15%, When the hit rate and variance (1σ) of the model “HDD-B” in the category “HDD system” are 60% and 45%, the model “HDD-A” and the model “ The additional parameters of “HDD-B” are determined as follows.

  When the goal is to reduce the opportunity loss of 2σ, the required number of categories “HDD system” is 80% + 10% × 2 = 100%, the required number of model “HDD-A” is 70% + 15% × 2 = 100%, The required number of model “HDD-B” is 60% + 45% × 2 = 150%. Therefore, the addition parameter P of the model “HDD-A” and the model “HDD-B” is determined to be 0% and + 50%, respectively, using the following formulas.

P = (required number of categories) * (required number of models)-100%
Note that the method for determining the additional parameter described here is merely an example, and the additional parameter may be determined by other methods. For example, it may be determined based on one of the predicted number of orders for products (order prediction) and the number of orders received for products (order received). Alternatively, an administrator may add an artificial procedure to the process of determining the additional parameter, for example, appropriately correcting the additional parameter according to the situation such as an order.

  When the additional parameters for each category are determined in this way, the order quantity adding unit 116 adds only the number of optional parts extracted by the option categorizing unit 114 from the order quantity data obtained by the MRP expansion unit 113. (S75). That is, of the number 93 included in the order quantity data, only the number associated with the child item name in the part information of the optional part, the additional parameter associated with the parent item name in the part information of the optional part ( Add the number of parts indicated by the additional parameters of the intermediate assembly including optional parts. For example, if the number of optional parts “Z” is 12, and the additional parameter of the intermediate assembly “HDD-B” including the optional parts “Z” is + 50%, the optional part “Z” in the ordering data “ The number of “Z” is corrected to the number obtained by adding “12 × 50% = 6” to the original “12”.

Thereafter, the material ordering unit 117 transmits the corrected ordering data to the parts supplier system 3. As a result, in accordance with such corrected order quantity data, the parts supplier prepares the number of expensive common parts that are commonly used for a plurality of intermediate assemblies according to the sales plan information. The number of relatively inexpensive optional parts used for the assembly alone is prepared by an amount corresponding to the reduction of a predetermined opportunity loss due to fluctuations in demand.
(2) Order Management Process FIG. 10 is a flowchart of the order management process executed by the order management unit 12.

  When delivery response information (delivery parts, delivery date, delivery quantity) is returned from the parts supplier system 3 in accordance with the corrected order data (S100), the material management unit 121 inventory information based on the delivery reply information. Update the table. Specifically, the number of delivered response information is added to the inventory quantity 53 of inventory information including the part name 51 that matches the delivered part name in the delivered answer information, and the delivery answer information is delivered on the date 52 of the inventory information. Stores the scheduled date.

  Thereafter, each time the product model request information is received from the seller system (S101), the following processing is executed.

  The MRP reverse expansion unit 122 assigns the parts to be delivered to the components of the requested product model by the MRP reverse expansion process (S102).

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, request information 1100 indicating that the required number of two types of product models “R450” and “D600” having a common part “ X ” is “65” and “90”, respectively. In response, the MRP reverse expansion unit 122 extracts the number of common parts “ X ” used for each product model “R450” and “D600” from the parts table, and the number and request Calculate the product with the number of units (the number of allocated common parts “ X ”). If the sum of the allocated numbers of the common parts “ X ” obtained for the product models “R450” and “D600” does not exceed the inventory number 53 of the common parts “ X ” in the inventory information table, the MRP reverse expansion unit 122 The allocated common parts “ X ” are allocated to the product models “R450” and “D600”, respectively. Further, the MRP reverse development unit 122 similarly allocates the respective optional parts “ Y ” and “ α ” to the respective product models “R450” and “D600” by the number used. As a result, the common parts and optional parts necessary for the production of the required quantity of the product model are allocated and determined as fixed parts.

  After that, the MRP reverse expansion unit 122 subtracts the quantity of the allocated and confirmed parts from the inventory quantity 53 of the inventory information including the part name. Further, the MRP reverse expansion unit 122 calculates the number of orders that can be added to the current request number (the number of additional orders that can be added) for each product model as shown below (S103).

The MRP reverse expansion unit 122 performs a process similar to the above-described MRP reverse expansion process, and all the surplus products of the common part “ X ” that have not been allocated and used as confirmed parts, that is, the common part “ X ” Assign to model "R450". Thus, for example, when a common part is assigned to M product models, the optional part “ Y ” is assigned to the M product models. Here, if the optional part “ Y ” can be allocated to all M product models, the number M of product models is stored in the delivery date table as the number 62 of additional orders that can be received for the product model “R450”. Further, the sum of the number of additional orders that can be received and the required number of product models “R450” is stored in the delivery date table as the number 64 of products that can be produced for product model “R450”. Further, the new date among the dates included in the inventory information of the shared part “ X ” and the optional part “ Y ” is stored as the scheduled delivery date 61 in the delivery date table.

When the inventory of the optional part “ Y ” is insufficient, the material ordering unit 117 allocates the optional part “ Y ” among the M product models “R450” to which the common part “ X ” is allocated. The number of units that can be added is set as the number of additional orders that can be received for the product model “R450”, and the ordering data for the optional part “ Y ” for the shortage is transmitted to the parts supplier system.

  Similarly, the number of additional orders that can be ordered and the number of products that can be produced for the other product model “D600” are calculated and stored in the delivery date frame table.

Since such processing (S101 to S103) is performed each time the product model request information is received from the seller system, the data storage unit is currently added depending on the adjustment of the common parts on hand for each product model. The maximum quantity that can be ordered and the maximum quantity that can be produced are stored. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the product model “R450” is obtained when the additional order quantity and the production possible number of the product models “R450” and “D600” are “45 units, 110 units”, “45 units, 135 units”, respectively. When the additional order is received for the number of additional orders less than “45 units” (here, 5 units), the additional order quantity and the production possible number for each product model “R450” “D600” Therefore, it is calculated again and the registration information of the delivery date table is updated. As a result, the number of additional orders that can be received and the number of units that can be produced for each product model “R450” and “D600” are updated to “40, 110 ” and “40, 130 ”.

Thereafter, when an additional order quantity output request is received from the seller system at any timing, in response to the request, the delivery date frame output unit 123 reads the delivery date frame information 60 of each product model from the data storage unit, Is processed into a predetermined format and then returned to the seller system. Thereby, the display screen of the seller system displays a display screen for presenting the scheduled delivery date, the number of additional orders, and the number of products that can be produced for each product model as shown in FIG.

  According to such a process, a production planner of a manufacturer who manufactures a plurality of product models can present to the seller the maximum quantity of products that can be further ordered depending on the adjustment of the shared parts on hand. it can. Therefore, loss of product sales opportunities can be prevented. On the other hand, expensive common parts are not necessarily prepared as stock for each individual product model until additional orders can be received, so that the stock can be held down and consequently the ordering cost can be reduced.

In addition, in the above, although the component used in common between two or more types of products is made into the common component, it does not necessarily need to do in this way. For example, only parts that are used in common among all type products may be handled as common parts. In this case, the parts used in common among some model products are treated as quasi-common parts different from the optional parts, for example, setting an additional parameter with less opportunity loss than the additional parameters of the optional parts. Also good.
The sales plan of the seller may be read from the storage medium, or may be input via the network when connected to the seller's system via the network.

It is a figure for demonstrating the whole structure of the ordering / ordering system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the data structure of a parts table table. It is the figure which showed notionally the data structure of the category master table. It is a figure for demonstrating the data structure of a type name expansion | deployment ratio table. It is the figure which showed notionally the data structure of the inventory information table. It is the figure which showed notionally the data structure of the delivery date frame table. It is a flowchart of the order management process which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the planning process of a production plan. It is the figure which showed notionally the data structure of order quantity data. It is a flowchart of the order management process which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the calculation process of the additional order possible number and the production possible number. It is the figure which showed the layout of the screen which displays the additional order possible number and production possible number of each product.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Order receiving system, 10: Information processing apparatus, 11: Order management part, 12: Order management part, 13: Data storage part, 14: Communication processing part, 111: Plan development part, 112: Type name development ratio determination part , 113: MRP expansion unit, 114: Option categorization unit, 115: Additional parameter determination unit, 116: Order quantity addition unit, 117: Material ordering unit, 121: Material management unit, 122: MRP reverse expansion unit, 123: Delivery time frame Output unit, 125: Order management unit

Claims (2)

An ordering / ordering system for managing orders of plural types of products and ordering of parts used for production of the products,
Parts table data representing each part configuration of the assembly constituting each product , category data representing a category of each assembly , and inventory data of parts used for production of each product are stored. Storage means,
Based on the BOM data, the components used in the production of the plurality of types of products, in the common parts and optional components other than the common components used in the production of two or more assemblies of said assembly A classification means for classifying;
Based on the planned sales number of the plurality of types of products and the parts table data, the number of the common parts and the optional parts required for the production of the products of each type for the planned sales number is used as order data. MRP expansion means for calculating;
Wherein based on the category data, the multiple types of each product category, based on the actual use number and use plan number of parts constituting the respective category of the assembly, is included in the order data, the optional components Order quantity addition means for determining an additional parameter for the number of parts and correcting the number of the optional parts based on the additional parameter;
Material management that adds the delivery quantity to the inventory quantity data of the parts corresponding to the common part and the optional part when receiving reply information including the delivery quantity of the common part and the optional part according to the order data Means,
When the requested number of products of the plurality of types is received, the common parts and the optional parts are allocated to the products for the requested number based on the parts table data, and the allocated common parts and the After subtracting the number of optional parts from the inventory data of the parts corresponding to the common parts and the optional parts, the surplus number of common parts indicated by the inventory data of the common parts for each of the plurality of types of products MRP reverse expansion means for allocating a number of optional parts corresponding to the surplus number of common parts;
Means for outputting the number of each type of product to which the MRP reverse expansion means has allocated the surplus number of common parts and the optional parts, respectively, as the number of additional orders that can be received for each type of product;
An ordering and ordering system characterized by comprising: An ordering method for managing an order for a plurality of types of products and an order for parts used for production of the product by an information processing device,
The information processing apparatus includes:
Parts table data representing each part configuration of the assembly constituting each product , category data representing a category of each assembly , and inventory data of parts used for production of each product are stored. Storage means, arithmetic processing means,
Have
The ordering method is as follows:
Said arithmetic processing means, based on the part table data, the plural types of the product components used for the production of the common parts and the common components used in the production of two or more assemblies of said assembly The common parts necessary for the production of each type of product corresponding to the planned number of sales based on the planned number of sales of the plurality of types of products and the parts table data of the storage means A process of calculating the number of parts and the optional parts as order data;
Wherein based on the category data, the multiple types of each product category, based on the actual use number and use plan number of parts constituting the respective category of the assembly, is included in the order data, the optional components A process of determining an additional parameter of the number of components and correcting the number of optional parts based on the additional parameter;
When the arithmetic processing unit receives reply information including the delivery amount of the common part and the optional part according to the order data, the delivery amount is converted into inventory quantity data of the part corresponding to the common part and the optional part. Processing to add to
When the arithmetic processing unit receives the requested number of the plurality of types of products, the common parts and the optional parts are assigned to the respective products for the requested number based on the parts table data, and the assigned parts are assigned. After subtracting the number of common parts and the optional parts from the inventory data of the parts corresponding to the common parts and the optional parts, the surplus number indicated by the inventory data of the common parts for each of the plurality of types of products A process of assigning the common parts and the number of optional parts corresponding to the surplus number of common parts;
A process of outputting the number of each type of product to which the surplus number of common parts and the optional part are allocated, as the number of additional orders that can be received for each type of product;
An ordering method characterized by comprising:

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