JP4737023B2 - 水素エンジンシステム - Google Patents
水素エンジンシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP4737023B2 JP4737023B2 JP2006272400A JP2006272400A JP4737023B2 JP 4737023 B2 JP4737023 B2 JP 4737023B2 JP 2006272400 A JP2006272400 A JP 2006272400A JP 2006272400 A JP2006272400 A JP 2006272400A JP 4737023 B2 JP4737023 B2 JP 4737023B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0287—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers characterised by the transition from liquid to gaseous phase ; Injection in liquid phase; Cooling and low temperature storage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
- F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0296—Manufacturing or assembly; Materials, e.g. coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0833—Heating by indirect heat exchange with hot fluids, other than combustion gases, product gases or non-combustive exothermic reaction product gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1252—Cyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
- C01B2203/1294—Evaporation by heat exchange with hot process stream
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S123/00—Internal-combustion engines
- Y10S123/12—Hydrogen
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Description
図中の矢印は水素化液体燃料,水素化気体燃料,脱水素化燃料,水素ガス,排気ガスの輸送される方向を示す。水素化液体燃料とは、例えば、ガソリン,軽油,灯油,重油,デカリン,シクロヘキサン,メチルシクロヘキサン,ナフタレン,ベンゼン,トルエンなどの炭化水素系燃料およびその混合燃料や、過酸化水素,アンモニア,窒素,酸素など、水素を化学的に貯蔵・放出することが可能なものである。
水素化液体燃料タンク103に常温、液相状態で保持されたメチルシクロヘキサンをポンプ107によって予熱器105に輸送する。予熱器105には水素供給装置102から脱水素化燃料すなわちトルエンがポンプ108によって輸送される。予熱器105に輸送された両媒体の温度差によって熱交換が行われ、メチルシクロヘキサンが予熱される。この時トルエンの温度は250℃以下である。トルエンからより多くの熱を回収するためには、予熱器105を水素供給装置102に近づけて配置したほうが良い。
気化器106に輸送された両媒体の温度差によって熱交換が行われる。気化器106内部では常温以上に予熱されたメチルシクロヘキサンがさらに加熱され気相状態に変化する。気化されたメチルシクロヘキサンを水素供給装置102に輸送し、脱水素反応により水素ガスを発生させる。
予熱器へ投入されるトルエンの温度T1を250℃、予熱器から排出されるトルエンの温度T2を100℃、予熱器へ投入するメチルシクロヘキサンの温度t1を25℃、トルエンの比熱Cptを1.85kJ/kgK、メチルシクロヘキサンの比熱Cpmを1.84kJ/kgK、熱交換率を45%とし、次式により予熱器から排出されるメチルシクロヘキサンの温度t2を求める。
Gr・Cpg・(T1−T2)=Gr・Cpm(t1−t2)
計算によれば、予熱器から排出されるメチルシクロヘキサンの温度t2は92.8℃ まで昇温される。この時、メチルシクロヘキサンの沸点温度は100℃であるため、予熱器内ではメチルシクロヘキサンは液相の状態が保たれる。その後、メチルシクロヘキサンを気化器106に投入し、水素供給装置102を経た排気ガスとの熱交換により気化する。
102 水素供給装置
103 水素化液体燃料タンク
104 脱水素化燃料タンク
105 予熱器
106 気化器
107,108,109,201 ポンプ
301 熱回収板
302 ヒートポンプ
401 バッテリ
402 加熱ヒータ
403 回生ブレーキ
Claims (6)
- 有機ハイドライドから脱水素反応によって水素を生成する水素供給装置を有し、前記水素ガスを燃料としてエンジンを駆動する水素エンジンシステムにおいて、
水素化液体燃料を液相状態で保持する水素化液体燃料タンクと、
前記水素化液体燃料と前記水素供給装置からの脱水素化燃料とが輸送され、熱交換により、前記水素化液体燃料を予熱する予熱器と、
予熱された前記水素化液体燃料と前記エンジンの排気ガスとが輸送され、前記水素化液体燃料を加熱して気相状態とする気化器と、
気相状態になった前記水素化液体燃料と前記エンジンの排気ガスとが輸送され、脱水素反応により水素ガスを発生させ前記エンジンへ輸送する前記水素供給装置と、
を備えたことを特徴とする水素エンジンシステム。 - 請求項1に記載の水素エンジンシステムにおいて、前記水素供給装置は前記エンジンからの排気ガスの上流側に、前記気化器は下流側に配置されたことを特徴とする水素エンジンシステム。
- 請求項1に記載の水素エンジンシステムにおいて、前記水素化液体燃料は、前記予熱器へ輸送される前に前記エンジンに設けられたウォータジャケットへと輸送され、加熱されることを特徴とする水素エンジンシステム。
- 請求項1に記載の水素エンジンシステムにおいて、前記エンジン外周に放熱を回収する熱回収板を配置し、前記水素供給装置へ放熱することを特徴とする水素エンジンシステム。
- 請求項1に記載の水素エンジンシステムは自動車のエンジンシステムであり、前記自動車の減速時に発生する回生エネルギを電気エネルギに変換してバッテリに蓄電し、前記水素供給装置を加熱することを特徴とする水素エンジンシステム。
- 請求項1に記載の水素エンジンシステムは自動車のエンジンシステムであり、前記自動車の減速時に発生する回生エネルギを電気エネルギに変換してバッテリに蓄電し、前記水素供給装置をエンジンの運転状態に関連して加熱することを特徴とする水素エンジンシステム。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006272400A JP4737023B2 (ja) | 2006-10-04 | 2006-10-04 | 水素エンジンシステム |
US11/866,464 US7654232B2 (en) | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-03 | Hydrogen engine system |
EP07019436.0A EP1911957B1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-10-04 | Hydrogen engine system |
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JP2006272400A JP4737023B2 (ja) | 2006-10-04 | 2006-10-04 | 水素エンジンシステム |
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JP2008088922A JP2008088922A (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
JP4737023B2 true JP4737023B2 (ja) | 2011-07-27 |
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EP (1) | EP1911957B1 (ja) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP4033163B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-12 | 2008-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 水素利用内燃機関 |
JP4737023B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-04 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 水素エンジンシステム |
JP4990110B2 (ja) | 2007-11-30 | 2012-08-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | エンジンシステム |
JP4523978B2 (ja) | 2008-03-28 | 2010-08-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | エンジンシステム |
JP4637200B2 (ja) | 2008-04-04 | 2011-02-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | エンジンシステム |
US8336508B2 (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2012-12-25 | Timothy Huttner | System and method for use with a combustion engine |
JP5049947B2 (ja) | 2008-11-19 | 2012-10-17 | 日立造船株式会社 | アンモニアエンジンシステム |
JP2013087820A (ja) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-05-13 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | 水素ステーション |
JP5982253B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-24 | 2016-08-31 | 株式会社日立製作所 | コージェネレーションシステム |
TWI526655B (zh) | 2013-07-23 | 2016-03-21 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 廢熱回收裝置以及廢熱回收方法 |
JP2015120617A (ja) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | エイディシーテクノロジー株式会社 | 水素供給装置 |
JP2016000678A (ja) * | 2014-06-12 | 2016-01-07 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 水素製造装置及び水素製造方法 |
CN104675580B (zh) * | 2015-02-13 | 2017-01-11 | 王海斌 | 一种新型汽车发动机氢氨混合燃料供应装置 |
IT201600079717A1 (it) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-01-28 | Amico | Motore a propulsione ibrida per veicoli aereonautici |
US10428713B2 (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2019-10-01 | Denso International America, Inc. | Systems and methods for exhaust heat recovery and heat storage |
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CN112594056A (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-02 | 张志坚 | 余热分解含氢化合物的燃氢发动机 |
CN114837857B (zh) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-06-13 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | 一种氢内燃动力系统、车辆及控制方法 |
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EP1911957A2 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
JP2008088922A (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
US7654232B2 (en) | 2010-02-02 |
EP1911957A3 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
US20080110420A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
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