JP4752787B2 - Disk array device, power control method and power control program used for the disk array device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a disk array device, a power supply control method and a power supply control program used for the disk array device, and in particular, RAID (Redundant Arrays) that distributes and stores data in a plurality of hard disk devices (Hard Disk Drives, HDDs). The present invention relates to a disk array device suitable for use as an independent disk, a power control method and a power control program used for the disk array device.

  In recent years, the importance of electronic data has increased as the degree of dependence on IT (Information Technology) has increased. Accordingly, the role of the storage device provided in the computer system is increasing, and the demand for higher performance, higher reliability, larger capacity and the like for the storage device is increasing. As such capacity increases, the scale of computer systems has become enormous, and there has been a strong demand for reducing the operating costs of the systems. As the storage device, a disk array device that distributes and stores data in a plurality of HDDs is often used. An HDD mounted on this disk array device generally has a fiber channel (FC) interface. The reason is to meet the high performance and reliability requirements of FC. In this case, using an HDD having an ATA (AT Attachment) interface (hereinafter referred to as “ATA-HDD”) generally used in personal computers (PCs), home appliances, etc. is insufficient in reliability. Therefore, it can be avoided.

  On the other hand, in recent years, market demands for storage that is inexpensive, large-capacity, flexible, and easy to operate have increased, and a highly reliable disk array device using ATA-HDD is required. However, in order to increase the density of the ATA-HDD, the gap (the flying height) between the head and the medium is smaller than that of the HDD having the FC interface, and the reliability is low. For this reason, there is a problem that it is difficult to construct a highly reliable disk array device using a low-cost ATA-HDD.

Conventionally, as this type of technology, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1.
In the disk array device described in Patent Document 1, when the load information is transmitted to the CPU by the load monitoring unit and the CPU detects that the load is below the threshold value, the disk array device shifts to the energy saving mode. To do. In the energy saving mode, power supply to HDDs other than one HDD is stopped to reduce power consumption.

  In the scalable storage system described in Patent Document 2 with high power efficiency, one or more HDDs in a plurality of HDDs constituting a RAID are in a power-on state.

Further, in the image forming apparatus described in Patent Document 3, when the managed disk activation / deactivation number reaches a predetermined number, the power supply to the HDD is restricted, and the disk activation / deactivation number is predetermined. When the number approaches, the HDD disk life is warned. In addition, when the number of times of starting and stopping the disk exceeds a predetermined number, maintenance information associated with the life of the HDD disk is displayed.
JP 2002-297320 A (abstract, FIG. 1) JP 2005-539303 A (abstract, Fig. 1) JP 2004-157961 A (Abstract, FIG. 5)

However, the above conventional disk array device has the following problems.
In other words, in a conventional disk array device, when a plurality of HDDs are activated, in order to maintain performance in response to data write and read requests at any time, from a host computer connected via a network. Even when access is low, power is supplied to each HDD. For this reason, power is supplied to the HDD that is not the target of data writing and reading, and there is a problem that wasteful power is consumed and energy efficiency is poor.

  Further, in the disk array device described in Patent Document 1, power supply to the storage medium (HDD) is controlled according to the load situation. When the load situation is below a certain value, the power supply is stopped. When the load changes in the vicinity of this constant value, the energization / de-energization may be repeated frequently, and there is a problem that the number of lifetimes based on the HDD specifications is reached earlier than expected.

  In the storage system described in Patent Document 2, when one or more HDDs in a plurality of HDDs constituting a RAID are in a power-on state, it takes time for an HDD with many power-on states and an HDD with many power-off states. As time passes, a great difference in operating time will open, and the reliability of each HDD will be biased. For this reason, HDDs with many power-on states are more likely to fail before HDDs with many power-off states. In addition, since at least one HDD is always in a power-on state, it is difficult to increase power efficiency.

  In the image forming apparatus described in Patent Document 3, since the HDD has a single configuration, redundancy as a countermeasure against the failure of the HDD is not considered.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and a disk array device in which reliability differences among a plurality of HDDs are eliminated and power consumption is reduced, a power supply control method used in the disk array device, and The purpose is to provide a power supply control program.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a disk array device comprising a plurality of hard disk devices and a disk control unit for accessing each of the hard disk devices based on a command from a host device. The disk control unit manages power supply monitoring means for monitoring the on / off state of power supply to each hard disk device, and manages monitoring information for each hard disk device corresponding to the number of on / off operations. a disk management table, based on the monitoring information of the disk management table, the plurality of hard disk devices, is to hard disk device number of the power supply on / off has reached the predetermined number of times, after completion of the access, when a predetermined period elapses, while turning off the power supply, the number of on / off one For hard disk does not reach the number, the access is completed, is characterized by having a power supply control means for turning off the power supply.

The invention of claim 2, wherein, the feature that relates to a disk array system according to claim 1, the power-on holding period setting means for setting the length of time to keep the power supply to the ON state is provided It is said.

Further, an invention according to claim 3, relates to a disk array system according to claim 2, wherein said power-on hold period setting means, the period based on the specifications of the life times of the power supply on / off of the hard disk drive It is the structure which is set as this.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the disk array device according to the first, second, or third aspect , wherein the plurality of hard disk devices are configured as a RAID system in which data is distributed and stored. Yes.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power control method for use in a disk array device comprising a plurality of hard disk devices and a disk control unit that accesses each of the hard disk devices based on a command from a host device. Therefore, in the disk control unit, the power supply monitoring means monitors the on / off state of power supply to the hard disk devices, and the hard disk device has a disk management table corresponding to the number of on / off operations. manages monitoring information for each, hard power control means, based on said monitor information of the disk management table, the plurality of hard disk devices, the number of the power supply on / off has reached the predetermined number of times is the disk device, after completion of the access, when a predetermined period elapses, while turning off the power supply For hard disk number of ON / OFF has not reached the predetermined number of times, when the access is completed, it is characterized by turning off the power supply.

The invention of claim 6 wherein relates to a power supply control program is characterized in that the computer read possible to function as the power supply control unit according to claim 1, wherein the computer.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the power supply monitoring means monitors the on / off state of the power supply to each hard disk device, and the monitoring information for each hard disk device corresponding to the number of on / off operations by the disk management table. Since power supply to the respective hard disk devices is individually controlled based on the monitoring information by the power control means, power consumption can be reduced, heat generation can be reduced, and the necessity for cooling can be reduced. In addition, the power control means determines a predetermined number of times after the access is completed with respect to the hard disk device that has reached a certain number of times of power supply on / off among the plurality of hard disk devices based on the monitoring information of the disk management table. Since the power supply is kept on only for the period, it is possible to eliminate the difference in reliability between the hard disk devices.

  The disk control unit monitors the on / off state of power supply to each hard disk device by the power supply unit, manages monitoring information for each hard disk device corresponding to the number of on / off times, and based on the monitoring information, A disk array device and a disk in which power supply is kept on only for a predetermined period after completion of access to a hard disk device in which the number of times of power supply on / off among a plurality of hard disk devices has reached a certain number A power supply control method and a power supply control program used for an array apparatus are provided.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a main part of a disk array apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and an environment in which the disk array apparatus is used.
As shown in the figure, a host device 2 and a management terminal 3 are connected to the disk array device 1 in this example. The disk array device 1 includes a disk drive 10 and a disk controller 20. The disk drive 10 includes, for example, physical disks (disk numbers; # 1, # 2,..., # 6) 11, 12,..., 16 configured by HDDs. , 12,..., 16 is configured as a RAID system in which data is distributed and stored.

  The disk control unit 20 has a function of accessing each physical disk 11, 12,..., 16 based on a command from the host device 2, that is, writing / reading data to / from the storage area of each physical disk. In particular, this embodiment includes a power supply control unit 21, a disk management table 22, a power supply unit 23, and a power supply monitoring unit 24. The power control unit 21 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 21a as a computer that controls the control unit 21, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) 21b in which a power control program that can be read by the CPU 21a is recorded. Of the physical disks 11, 12,..., 16, when an access is made from the higher-level device 2, when a target physical disk or a physical disk fails, a physical disk that is set in advance as a spare disk On the other hand, the power supply from the power supply unit 23 is turned on. The power supply monitoring unit 24 monitors the on / off state of power supply to the physical disks 11, 12,. The disk management table 22 manages monitoring information for each physical disk 11, 12,..., 16 corresponding to the number of on / off times.

  The power control unit 21 has a function of individually controlling power supply to the physical disks 11, 12,..., 16 based on the monitoring information managed by the disk management table 22, and in particular, this embodiment. Then, based on the monitoring information, the physical disk of each physical disk 11, 12,..., 16 whose power supply has been turned on / off has reached a certain number of times for a predetermined period after the access is completed. While the power supply is kept in the on state, the power supply is turned off after the access is completed with respect to the physical disk whose number of on / off has not reached the fixed number. The host device 2 is composed of, for example, a host computer, and accesses the physical disks 11, 12,..., 16 via the disk control unit 20 and performs predetermined processing. The management terminal 3 is for setting a period during which the power supply control unit 21 holds the power supply to the physical disks 11, 12,.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the disk management table 22 of the disk controller 20 in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the disk management table 22 has disk configuration information di and power on / off information pi. The disk configuration information di includes the number of disks when there are a plurality of disk drives 10 and the RAID level ([0], [1], [2] of each physical disk when the disk drives 10 are configured as a RAID system. , [3], [4], [5]). Here, at the RAID level [0], the processing speed is improved by dividing the data into a plurality of hard disk devices. In the RAID level [1], the same data is distributed and recorded in two hard disk devices, and safety is improved. In RAID levels [2], [3], and [4], a hard disk device for checking is prepared separately from the hard disk device for recording data, so that safety can be improved and errors can be corrected. The RAID level [2] and the RAID levels [3] and [4] have different check methods, and the RAID level [3] and the RAID level [4] have different data division units. At RAID level [5], hard disk devices for parity recording are distributed across all hard disk devices. The power on / off information pi includes monitoring information indicating the on / off state and the number of times of power supply to each physical disk 11, 12,..., 16 monitored by the power supply monitoring unit 24.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the management terminal 3 in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the management terminal 3 includes a power-on holding period setting unit 3a and a drive setting information collection unit 3b. The power-on holding period setting unit 3 a sets a period during which the power supply is held in the on state for the power control unit 21. This period is set based on the specification of the number of times of turning on / off the power supply of the physical disks 11, 12,..., 16, but may be arbitrarily set by a user operation. The drive setting information collection unit 3b collects disk configuration information di and power on / off information pi from the disk management table 22.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the disk array device 1 of FIG.
With reference to this figure, the processing content of the power control method used in the disk array device of this example will be described.
In this disk array device 1, the disk control unit 20 monitors the on / off state of power supply to the physical disks 11, 12,..., 16 by the power supply unit 23, and each physical corresponding to the number of on / off times. Monitoring information for each of the disks 11, 12,..., 16 is managed, and power supply to each of the physical disks 11, 12,. In particular, in this embodiment, on the basis of the monitoring information, access is completed to a physical disk that has reached a predetermined number of times of power supply on / off among the physical disks 11, 12,. Later, the power supply is kept on only for a predetermined period.

  That is, in accordance with an access instruction from the host device (step A1), the power control unit 21 confirms the numbers (# 1, # 2,..., # 6) of the physical disks constituting the RAID system ( Step A2). Next, the power supply control unit 21 issues a power-on instruction to only the physical disks with numbers necessary for access (steps A3 and A4). On the other hand, access to the physical disk that has been turned on is started (step A5). On the other hand, the power supply monitoring unit 24 causes the disk management table 22 to store the number and position number of the physical disk that has been turned on (ie, illustrated). Of the plurality of disk storage units not to be written is written (step A6).

  Here, when the access is completed (step A7), the power control unit 21 checks whether or not the number of power on / off of the physical disk in the power-on state has reached a certain number (step A8). If the predetermined number of times has not been reached (N in Step A8), the physical disk is turned off (Step A9). On the other hand, if the on / off count has reached a certain number (Y in step A8), the power supply control unit 21 holds the physical disk in the power-on state for a predetermined period (step A10). After the elapse of time (step A11), the power is turned off (step A9). The predetermined period is set by the power-on holding period setting unit 3a of the management terminal 3. In this case, for example, if the physical disk specifications are set such that the number of power on / off times is 50,000 and the life is set to 5 years, the number of on / off life is about 27 per day. The power supply may be turned on / off once per hour. However, when the holding time is set to 1 hour, the power is turned off after holding for 1 hour, and access may be made immediately thereafter. Therefore, the holding time is preferably set to at least 2 hours.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the disk control unit 20 monitors the on / off state of the power supply to the physical disks 11, 12,..., 16 by the power source unit 23, and corresponds to the number of on / off times. .., 16 is managed for each physical disk 11, 16, 16, and the power supply to each physical disk 11, 12,..., 16 is individually controlled based on the monitoring information. , 12,..., 16, the power supply is kept on only for a predetermined period after the access is completed, and the power supply is turned on. Since the physical disk in which the number of times of ON / OFF has not reached a certain number is turned off after the access is completed, the reliability of each physical disk 11, 12,. With disparities are eliminated, and the power consumption is reduced heat generation is less need for cooling is reduced.

  The present invention can be applied to all disk array devices in which data is distributed and stored in a plurality of hard disk devices.

1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a main part of a disk array device according to an embodiment of the present invention and an environment in which the disk array device is used. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the disk management table 22 of the disk control part 20 in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the management terminal 3 in FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the disk array device 1 of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 disk array device 2 host device 3 management terminal (power-on retention period setting means)
3a Power-on holding period setting unit (power-on holding period setting means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Disk drive 11, 12, ..., 16 Physical disk (Hard disk device, RAID system) 20 Disk control part 21 Power supply control part (Power supply control means)
21a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
21b ROM (read-only memory)
22 Disk management table 23 Power supply unit 24 Power supply monitoring unit (power supply monitoring means)

Claims (6)

A disk array device comprising a plurality of hard disk devices and a disk control unit that accesses each of the hard disk devices based on a command from a host device,
The disk controller is
Power supply monitoring means for monitoring the on / off state of power supply to each of the hard disk devices;
A disk management table for managing monitoring information for each hard disk device corresponding to the number of on / off operations;
Wherein based on said monitoring information of the disk management table, the plurality of hard disk devices, is to hard disk device number of the power supply on / off has reached the predetermined number of times, after the completion of the access, When a predetermined period elapses, while turning off the power supply, for the hard disk number of oN / oFF has not reached the predetermined number of times, when the access is completed, it has a power control means for turning off the power supply a disk array apparatus, characterized in that are.   2. The disk array device according to claim 1, further comprising power-on holding period setting means for setting a period for holding the power supply in an on state. The power-on holding period setting means includes
3. The disk array device according to claim 2, wherein the period is set based on a specification of the number of times of turning on / off the power supply of the hard disk device. The plurality of hard disk devices are:
4. The disk array device according to claim 1, wherein the disk array device is configured as a RAID system for distributing and storing data. A power supply control method used in a disk array device comprising a plurality of hard disk devices and a disk control unit that accesses each of the hard disk devices based on a command from a host device,
In the disk control unit,
The power supply monitoring means monitors the on / off state of power supply to each of the hard disk devices,
A disk management table manages monitoring information for each hard disk device corresponding to the number of on / off operations,
Power supply control means, based on said monitor information of the disk management table, the plurality of hard disk devices, is to hard disk device number of the power supply on / off has reached the predetermined number of times, the When a predetermined period has elapsed after the access is completed , the power supply is turned off. On the other hand, for a hard disk that has not reached the predetermined number of times, the power supply is turned off when the access is completed. A disk array method characterized by the above.   A computer-readable power control program for causing a computer to function as the power control means according to claim 1.

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