JP4613255B1 - Method for manufacturing microsurgery blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel manufacturing method capable of easily obtaining a microsurgery blade body having a sharp cutting edge at a low cost.
A blade-shaped body is formed by performing a punching process (first pressing step) on a thin metal plate base material cured by heat treatment. Next, the shaving punch is driven by a press machine, and the surface of the blade body is subjected to a shaving process (second pressing step) in which the shaving punch is applied obliquely. A shaving surface is formed to obtain an intermediate member before finishing the cutting edge. Further, finish polishing and edge polishing (grinding process) are performed to finish the cutting edge and the cutting edge, thereby completing a microsurgery blade.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a blade manufacturing method, and particularly to a blade manufacturing method suitably used for a blade used in the field of microsurgery, such as ophthalmic surgery, brain surgery, and vascular surgery.

  When performing an ophthalmic surgery that stimulates the optic nerve of the fundus from the cut surface of the incised eyeball surface, for example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-103035), Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-177302), A micro knife disclosed in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-97604) or the like is used. For example, as shown in FIG. 1A of Patent Document 1, such a micro knife is composed of a handle having a predetermined length and a blade attached to the tip of the handle.

  The blade is a metal thin plate having corrosion resistance and a predetermined hardness for use in the aforementioned ophthalmic surgery, for example, a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 or more. The stainless steel plate is formed in a small size, and has a sharp cutting edge so that the resistance when puncturing is small and the incision is made as small as possible.

  The blade of such a micro knife usually cuts the thin plate material to a fixed length, then forms a blade body by wire cutting, and then performs a plurality of polishings to cut the blade at the tip. Manufactured by a method of forming an edge.

  In the polishing step, first, rough cutting (primary polishing) 201 is performed on the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ to reach an area of about 50% of its thickness, and further intermediate polishing (secondary polishing). 202, finish polishing (tertiary polishing) 231 is sequentially performed to form the cutting edge 4, and then blade edge polishing (quaternary polishing) 232 for cutting the tip of the cutting edge 4 is performed to obtain the blade edge 5 Is finished (see FIG. 13). Thus, the blade body provided with the sharpness which can be used as a micro knife is completed by grind | polishing 4th order with respect to the front-end | tip part of a blade-shaped body.

  However, according to such a conventional manufacturing method, in addition to performing the wire cutting process, multiple times of polishing such as roughing, intermediate, finishing, and blade cutting are required. There was a problem that became high.

  On the other hand, in order to form a sharp cutting edge on a thin metal plate having a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.3 mm so that the blade used for the micro knife satisfies the above-described conditions, In manufacturing, it is difficult to omit the process, and in particular, it is difficult to omit or simplify the fourth-order polishing process, which is a cutting edge forming process.

  Incidentally, in the manufacture of a normal blade body, in order to omit the polishing step, it is conceivable to form the cutting edge by press molding. For example, in the manufacture of scissors, in order to ensure a certain sharpness while omitting the polishing step, the hardened metal plate material is cut and divided along a dividing line that has been put in advance. An apparatus for forming a blade edge has been proposed (see Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-253358) and the like). In this method, a sharp edge at one edge of a fractured surface of a divided end surface that is formed when a metal plate material that has been hardened and hardened beforehand is divided as it is as a cutting blade. Usually, since a press machine is used to punch a plate-like base material into a blade shape, it is not a great effort to form a split groove using a die for embossing.

  Such a method is suitable for manufacturing a relatively large and thick blade such as scissors, but has a low resistance when the affected area is punctured and a cut incision as small as possible, such as a micro knife. In the manufacture of blades that require special conditions in the field of microsurgery, such as a thin metal plate having a predetermined hardness and a sharp cutting edge, the sharpness is not sufficient. Not suitable for use.

  On the other hand, in the manufacture of a blade for a micro knife, the above-described wire cutting process is not performed, and a workpiece cut into a predetermined length is flattened by pressing and cured, and then this material is ground with a grindstone or the like. It has also been proposed to form a cutting edge (see, for example, [0011] in Patent Document 3). However, in such a manufacturing method, since the cutting edge is formed on the material that is only flattened by pressing, it takes time and effort to smooth the fracture surface by pressing, and the conventional manufacturing method described above. There is a possibility that more polishing steps may be required.

  That is, in the conventional technology, in the manufacture of such a blade body, the polishing process for forming the cutting edge cannot be simplified, and the manufacturing process can be simplified, the manufacturing time can be shortened, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. It was difficult to reduce this.

JP 2005-103035 A JP 2005-177302 A JP 2007-97604 A JP-A-5-253358

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and omits or simplifies the manufacturing process as much as possible, shortening the manufacturing time, reducing the manufacturing cost, etc. A novel manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a blade suitable for a microsurgery provided is provided.

  In order to achieve such an object, the present invention is a method of manufacturing a blade body having a cutting edge at the tip, and is formed by punching a metal thin flat plate-like substrate. Of the blade-shaped body by means of a first pressing step for forming a shaving punch and driving the shaving punch by a press machine and applying a shaving punch obliquely at a predetermined angle (θ) to the surface of the blade-shaped body. A second pressing step for forming an oblique shaving surface to be a cutting edge at the tip, and a grinding step for finishing the cutting edge by polishing the oblique shaving surface obtained by the second pressing step; The tip edge of the shaving punch is an inclined blade that is inclined at a predetermined angle (α) with respect to a direction perpendicular to the driving direction of the shaving punch on the surface of the blade body. A thin flat substrate made of a genus has a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 or more and a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

  In this way, by shaving the tip of the blade body obliquely with a shaving punch, it corresponds to the case of roughing polishing or intermediate polishing in the conventional manufacturing method described above, which is `` done '' or `` kaeri '' A smooth shaving surface without the above can be obtained by pressing. For this reason, it is formed of a small-sized thin plate material having a predetermined hardness, such as a micro knife, and has a sharp cutting edge so that the resistance when puncturing the affected part is small and the incision is made as small as possible. In the manufacture of blades that require conditions, the process can be greatly simplified and productivity can be greatly improved.

  The angle (θ) at which the shaving punch is applied to the surface of the blade-shaped body is preferably in the range of 15 ° to 45 °.

  In this case, a shear plane for obtaining a sharp cutting edge required for a micro knife or the like can be more reliably formed.

  In this case, the stress when the shaving punch hits the tip of the blade-shaped body (press stress at the time of shaving processing) first concentrates on the pointed portion at the tip edge of the shaving punch. That is, since the shaving punch and the blade-shaped body are close to point contact rather than line contact, a smooth shaving surface is more reliably formed on the tip of a thin flat plate base material having a predetermined hardness. It becomes possible. The inclination angle (α) of the tip edge of the shaving punch is preferably in the range of 5 ° to 20 °.

  Moreover, it is good to perform the said shaving process toward the front end side from the base end side of the said blade-shaped object.

  In the second pressing step, the shaving process may be performed only once, or the shaving process may be performed in a plurality of times. When the plate material is thick or the like, when the shaving process is performed in a plurality of times, a shaving surface with higher smoothness can be obtained compared to the case where the shaving process is performed only once.

  The flat substrate used in the production method of the present invention is preferably one that has been previously cured by heat treatment or the like. Moreover, it is suitable for a thin metal plate material having a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 or more.

  In the case where the blade body is provided with cutting blade edges on both the left and right edges of the tip portion, in the second pressing step, the shaving process is alternately performed on the left and right edges of the tip portion in the blade body shape body. It is preferable to carry out a plurality of times.

  Here, when the shaving process is alternately performed a plurality of times, the shaving process is performed on the remaining other edge after the shaving process is performed on either one of the left and right edges of the tip of the blade-shaped body. Further, after the shaving process is performed again on the one edge, the process of performing the shaving process again on the other edge may be sequentially repeated.

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an intermediate member of a microsurgery blade body having a cutting edge at a tip portion, wherein the blade body shape body is formed by punching a metal thin flat substrate. The shaving punch is driven by a pressing process and a shaving punch is obliquely applied to the surface of the blade-shaped body at a predetermined angle (θ) with respect to the surface of the blade-shaped body. A second pressing step for forming an oblique shaving surface, wherein a tip edge of the shaving punch is at a predetermined angle (α with respect to a direction perpendicular to the driving direction of the shaving punch on the surface of the blade-shaped body. The metal thin flat substrate is a microsurgery having a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 or more and a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. It encompasses a manufacturing method for obtaining the intermediate member of the use blade.

  The manufacturing method according to the present invention has a very advantageous effect when used for manufacturing a blade used in microsurgery such as ophthalmic surgery. However, a medical blade used in normal surgery or the like The present invention can also be suitably applied to the manufacture of blades used for purposes other than for use.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the blade-shaped body obtained by punching is subjected to shaving so as to form an oblique shaving surface at the tip thereof, so that the edge becomes a post-polishing cutting edge. A smooth shaving surface can be easily and efficiently formed by pressing. Then, in the grinding process for finishing the cutting edge, the rough cutting and intermediate polishing, which are essential in the conventional manufacturing method, are not required, and the sharp cutting edge is formed only by finishing polishing and blade polishing. be able to.

  Therefore, since the manufacturing process can be greatly simplified as compared with the conventional manufacturing method, it is possible to efficiently and inexpensively manufacture a blade body having a sharp cutting edge.

  In the present invention, a base material pre-cured by heat treatment or the like is subjected to press working such as punching or shaving, so that deformation and distortion caused by the heat treatment can be suppressed, and dimensional accuracy and yield are improved. Can be made. In addition, since batch processing can be performed collectively as compared with the case where hardening by heat treatment is performed after punching, labor and cost related to heat treatment can be significantly reduced.

  Therefore, for example, a microsurgery blade used for ophthalmic surgery can be manufactured in a short time and at a low cost.

An example of the ophthalmic micro knife is shown, (a) is a side view, and (b) is an enlarged plan view of the blade. It is a process flow figure showing one example of a manufacturing method concerning the present invention. (A) is an enlarged plan view of the main part of the blade-shaped body after punching, (b) is a sectional view taken along line (X)-(X), and (c) is subjected to shaving on one edge. The main part enlarged plan view of the blade-shaped body, (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line (Y)-(Y), and (e) is the main part of the blade-shaped body with the other edge subjected to shaving. An enlarged plan view, (f) is a sectional view taken along the line (Z)-(Z). It is a simplified sectional view of the important part of a press machine showing the outline of shaving processing. It is the simplified view which looked at the shaving punch and blade-shaped object in FIG. 4 from the AA arrow direction. It is a simplified sectional view of the important part of a press machine showing the outline of shaving processing. It is a simplified sectional view of the important part of a press machine showing the outline of shaving processing. FIG. 8 is a simplified view of the shaving punch and blade body in FIG. 7 as viewed from the direction of arrows BB. It is a simplified sectional view of the important part of a press machine showing the outline of shaving processing. FIG. 10 is a simplified view of the shaving punch and the blade-shaped body in FIG. 9 as viewed from the direction of the CC arrow. It is a simplified sectional view of the important part of a press machine showing the outline of shaving processing. It is a simplified sectional view of the important part of a press machine showing the outline of shaving processing. It is an expanded sectional view of a tip part of a blade shape object showing an outline of grinding processing.

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1A shows a micro knife 1 used for ophthalmic surgery or the like. The micro knife 1 is made of a resin handle 2 having a predetermined length and a metal handle attached to the tip of the handle 2. It consists of a blade body 3. As shown in FIG. 1B, the blade body 3 has a flat plate shape with a sharp tip, and is provided with V-shaped cutting edge 4 on both left and right edges of the tip.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the blade body 3 is subjected to a punching process (first press step 110) on a thin metal plate-like base material to obtain a blade body shape, and then a shaving process (second press process). In step 120), an oblique shaving surface is formed at the tip thereof, and then the cutting edge is finished through a grinding step 130 for polishing the shaving surface.

  In this example, in the first pressing step 110, a flat plate base material made of stainless steel that has been hardened in advance by heat treatment with a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 is used as the thin flat plate base material made of metal. On the other hand, the blade body 3 'is continuously formed by punching with a press machine.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B show a blade-shaped body 3 ′ obtained by the punching process. The blade-shaped body 3 ′ is the one before the cutting edge 4 is formed on the blade 3, and has a flat plate shape substantially the same as the planar shape of the blade 3.

  In this example, after the shaving surface 4a is formed on either one of the left and right edges of the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ in the second pressing step 120 (FIGS. 3C and 3D). The shaving process surface 4b is formed in the remaining other edge (refer FIG.3 (e), (f)).

  The shaving process may be performed alternately in a plurality of times. That is, in order to ensure an appropriate amount of shaving according to the plate thickness, etc., after the shaving is applied to either one of the left and right edges of the tip, the shaving is applied to the other remaining edge. Further, the shaving process is performed again on the one edge to form the one shaving surface 4a, and then the shaving process is performed again on the other edge to form the other shaving surface 4b. May be. In this way, the shaving process is alternately performed in a plurality of times, so that each shaving process surface 4a, 4b has higher smoothness and is located on the tip side of the blade body 3 '. Since crushing of the ridge line part 6 of the processed surfaces 4a and 4b can be suppressed, the grinding process 130 which is the next process can be simplified.

  Further, it is preferable that the shaving process is performed from the proximal end side to the distal end side of the blade body 3 '. This is because the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′, which becomes the cutting edge after polishing, can be smoothly processed so as to be cut more sharply when processed from the left and right edges.

  Hereinafter, the details of the second pressing step 120 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 shows an outline of a main part of a press machine that performs the second pressing step 120 of this example. The blade-shaped body 3 ′ is formed into a predetermined shape by punching, and the blade-shaped body 3 ′ is already subjected to shaving on the one edge as shown in FIG. 4a has already been formed.

  The shaving punch 10 is slid by a punch driver 11, and the blade-shaped body 3 ′ is placed on a die plate and pressed by a stripper plate 13.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the shaving punch 10 forms oblique shaving processed surfaces 4 a and 4 b at the tip of the blade body 3 ′, and the blade body 3 ′ set on the die plate 12. Is inclined with respect to the surface 31 at a predetermined angle (θ), and in this state, it slides toward the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ so as to strike the tip at an angle. . Inside the die plate 12 and the stripper plate 13, a punch sliding passage 14 for guiding the sliding of the shaving punch 10 is formed. In this example, the angle (θ) for applying the shaving punch 10 to the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ is set to 20 °.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the leading edge of the shaving punch 10 is an inclined blade 10b that is inclined at a predetermined angle (α) with respect to the surface 31 of the blade body 3 ′, and the leading edge of the shaving punch 10 is The blade-shaped body 3 ′ is inclined with respect to the width direction. As a result, stress when the shaving punch 10 hits the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ (press stress at the time of shaving processing) first concentrates on the pointed portion 10c of the inclined blade 10b, and the inclined blade 10b and the blade body. The shape body 3 ′ is closer to point contact than line contact. In addition, since the tip portion 10c of the inclined blade 10b is located on the base end side of the cutting edge 4, the formation of the shaving surface is directed from the base end side to the tip side of the blade body 3 '. It is supposed to be done.

  The punch driver 11 descends and rises with a predetermined stroke by the operation of a press machine, which is a drive source (not shown), and accordingly, the shaving punch 10 slides back and forth with a predetermined stroke.

  Next, the operation of the shaving punch 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, as the punch driver 11 is lowered, the shaving punch 10 advances along the passage 14 with an inclination angle (θ) of 20 ° (FIG. 6).

  Further, as the punch driver 11 is lowered, the tip portion 10c of the inclined blade 10b at the tip of the shaving punch bites into the tip of the blade body 3 'and shaving is started (FIGS. 7 and 8).

  Further, as the punch driver 11 is lowered, the tip portion of the blade body 3 'is shaved to form an oblique shaving surface 4b (FIGS. 9 and 10).

  In this way, by shaving the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ at an angle, there is no “nobody” or “kaeri” even if roughing polishing or intermediate polishing in the conventional manufacturing method is omitted. Smooth diagonal shaving surfaces 4a and 4b can be obtained by pressing.

  When the shaving process is completed, the shaving punch 10 moves backward as the punch driver 11 moves up (FIG. 11), and the stripper plate 13 moves up (FIG. 12), and the second pressing step 120 ends.

  The blade-shaped body 3 ′ obtained by the second pressing step 120 is supplied to the grinding step 130 which is the next step, where the cutting edge 4 and the cutting edge 5 are performed by sequentially performing finish polishing and blade polishing. Is finished to complete the blade body 3.

  FIG. 13 shows a grinding process for the present invention and the conventional manufacturing method, and the difference will be described.

  As described above, in the conventional manufacturing method, rough cutting (primary polishing) 201 is performed on the tip portion of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ to reach an area of about 50% of the thickness, Polishing (secondary polishing) 202 and finish polishing (tertiary polishing) 231 were sequentially performed to form the cutting edge 4, and then blade cutting (quaternary polishing) 232 was performed to finish the blade edge 5.

  On the other hand, in this example, the second pressing step 120 provides smooth shaving surfaces 4a and 4b free from “sag” and “burl”, so that the rough polishing (primary polishing) or intermediate The cutting edge 4 and the cutting edge 5 can be finished by omitting the polishing (secondary polishing) and performing only the finishing polishing 131 and the blade polishing 132.

  As a result, in this example, the roughing polishing step and the intermediate polishing step can be omitted and the shaving using the press machine as a drive source, compared to the conventional manufacturing method in which the blade-shaped body is formed using wire cutting or the like. Due to the processing, the manufacturing time can be greatly shortened, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.

  In this example, SUS301TA having a thickness of 0.15 to 0.25 mm and a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 is used as the flat substrate, and the flat substrate is punched with a press. A blade-shaped body 3 ′ was formed. Further, in the shaving process, the sliding stroke of the shaving punch 10 is 5 to 15 mm, the punching speed is 30 to 50 mm / second, and the tip of the blade-shaped body 3 ′ is 20 to a depth of about 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The shaving surfaces 4a and 4b are formed with an inclination of 0 °, and then finish polishing 131 and blade polishing 132 are performed to obtain a blade 3 having a good sharpness as a microsurgery blade.

  Further, in SUS301TA, a blade 3 having a good sharpness is obtained even at Vickers hardness (HV): 570.

  Further, a blade 3 having a good sharpness as a blade for microsurgery is obtained even with a Vickers hardness (HV): 540 cured by applying heat treatment to SUS420J2.

  Further, it is conceivable that a cured metal thin plate material such as carbon steel other than the stainless steel material has the same effect as this example, but as the microsurgery blade, a stainless steel material is suitable from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance.

  As mentioned above, although one example of the embodiment of the present invention has been described based on the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Needless to say.

  For example, in this example, the tip portion has been described as having a V-shaped cutting edge, but the tip portion is not limited to this and may be only on one side.

  In addition, the present invention has a very advantageous effect when used for manufacturing a blade used in microsurgery such as ophthalmic surgery, but a blade used for medical purposes other than for medical use or a blade used for other than medical purposes. The present invention can also be suitably applied to body production.

1: Micro knife 3: Blade body 4: Cutting edge 5: Cutting edge 3 ': Blade body 4a, 4b: Cutting surface 10: Shaving punch 10a: Punch body 10b: Inclined blade 10c: Pointed portion 11: Punch driver 31 : Blade surface

Claims (8)

A method for producing a microsurgery blade having a cutting edge at the tip,
A first pressing step of punching a metal thin flat substrate to form a blade-shaped body;
A shaving punching surface is applied to the tip of the blade-shaped body by a shaving process in which a shaving punch is driven by a press machine and the shaving punch is obliquely applied to the surface of the blade-shaped body at a predetermined angle (θ). A second pressing step to form
Grinding to finish the cutting edge by polishing the shaving surface obtained by the second pressing step;
Including
The tip edge of the shaving punch is an inclined blade that is inclined at a predetermined angle (α) with respect to the direction perpendicular to the driving direction of the shaving punch on the surface of the blade-shaped body,
The method for producing a microsurgery blade, wherein the metal thin flat substrate has a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 or more and a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.   The method of manufacturing a microsurgery blade according to claim 1, wherein the polishing in the grinding step includes finish polishing and blade polishing.   3. The method for manufacturing a microsurgery blade according to claim 1, wherein an angle (θ) of applying the shaving punch to the surface of the blade-shaped body is in a range of 15 ° to 45 °.   The method for manufacturing a microsurgery blade according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inclination angle (α) of the tip edge of the shaving punch is in the range of 5 ° to 20 °.   The method for manufacturing a microsurgery blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shaving is performed from a base end side to a tip end side of the blade body.   The method for producing a microsurgery blade according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, in the second pressing step, the shaving is performed one or more times. The blade body is provided with cutting edge on both left and right edges of the tip,
The said 2nd press process WHEREIN: The said shaving process is alternately performed once or several times with respect to the right-and-left both edges of the front-end | tip part in the said blade-shaped body, The one in any one of Claims 1-6 characterized by the above-mentioned. Method for manufacturing a microsurgery blade. A method for producing an intermediate member of a microsurgery blade having a cutting edge at a tip part,
A first pressing step of punching a metal thin flat substrate to form a blade-shaped body;
A shaving punching surface is applied to the tip of the blade-shaped body by a shaving process in which a shaving punch is driven by a press machine and the shaving punch is obliquely applied to the surface of the blade-shaped body at a predetermined angle (θ). A second pressing step to form
Including
The tip edge of the shaving punch is an inclined blade that is inclined at a predetermined angle (α) with respect to the direction perpendicular to the driving direction of the shaving punch on the surface of the blade-shaped body,
The method for producing an intermediate member of a microsurgery blade, wherein the metal thin flat substrate has a Vickers hardness (HV) of 550 or more and a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

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