JP4608267B2 - Extrusion machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an extruder that is suitable for producing clay molded bodies such as tiles, tiles, wall materials, bricks, and the like that are opened in an extruder.

  Conventionally, clay molded bodies such as tiles and tiles are produced from clay using an extrusion molding machine. Generally, in this extrusion molding machine, a clay-based product is extruded from a discharge port after a raw material mainly composed of clay containing an appropriate amount of water is supplied from a hobber and conveyed while being kneaded by a screw conveyor in the extrusion chamber. It is configured.

  The configuration of a conventional extruder is shown in FIG. This extrusion molding machine has a hobber 1, a kneading chamber 11, an extrusion chamber 21, and a vacuum pump 51. Hereinafter, this extrusion molding machine will be described in detail.

  The kneading chamber 11 has a supply port 12 and a communication port 13. A hobber 1 is attached to the supply port 12, and the raw material can be supplied into the kneading chamber 11 via the hobber 1. Moreover, the communication port 13 is connected to the extrusion chamber 21 mentioned later.

  A kneading screw conveyor 14 extending from the supply port 12 toward the communication port 13 is disposed inside the kneading chamber 11. The kneading screw conveyor 14 includes spiral screw blades 15 on the outer peripheral surface, and is rotated by a connected electric motor 16 to convey the raw material in the kneading chamber 11 in the direction of arrow A.

  The extrusion chamber 21 has a raw material inlet 22 and an outlet. The inlet 22 includes a large number of holes having a size through which the raw material can pass, and is connected to the communication port 13 of the kneading chamber 11. An extrusion screw conveyor 24 extending from the inlet 22 toward the nozzle 41 is provided inside the extrusion chamber 21. This extrusion screw conveyor 24 has helical screw blades 25 having the same winding direction as the screw blades 15 of the kneading screw conveyor 14 on the outer peripheral surface, and has a connecting shaft 27 connected to the electric motor 26 at one end. In preparation. The connecting shaft 27 is supported by bearings at both ends thereof. The extrusion screw conveyor 24 connected to the electric motor 26 via the connecting shaft 27 is rotated by the electric motor 26 and conveys the raw material in the extrusion chamber 21 in the direction indicated by the arrow B. The vacuum pump 51 is connected to the extrusion chamber 21 via a suction pipe 52.

  A nozzle 41 is attached to the outlet of the extrusion chamber 21. A nozzle 42 is provided at the tapered tip of the nozzle 41, and a clay molded body having substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the shape of the discharge port 42 a can be continuously supplied from the discharge port 42 a formed in the base 42. it can. For example, when manufacturing a tile product, as shown in FIG. 5, the nozzle 41 in which the discharge port 42a was formed in the horizontally long waveform is used.

  According to the conventional extrusion molding machine having the above configuration, the raw material supplied to the hobber 1 is continuously supplied into the kneading chamber 11 and is kneaded and compressed by the operation of the kneading screw conveyor 14. It is conveyed toward. The raw material supplied to the extrusion chamber 21 is pumped toward the nozzle 41 by the operation of the extrusion screw conveyor 24 while the bubbles existing inside are removed by the pressure reduction by the vacuum pump 51, and is pushed out from the discharge port 42a. The strip-shaped extrusion-molded body thus obtained is appropriately cut into a predetermined length, subjected to press processing, and then commercialized through a drying step and a firing step.

  Such conventional extruders have the following problems. That is, in the clay molded body extruded from the extrusion molding machine, rotating wrinkles such as torsion based on the rotational action of the extrusion screw conveyor 24 remain, and the properties are not uniform. As a result, distortion or cracking of the molded product occurs during drying or firing, and there is a problem of deterioration in quality and yield.

For this reason, Patent Document 1 discloses an extrusion molding machine in which a rotating blade that stirs a material to be conveyed by rotation is arranged inside a nozzle for the purpose of suppressing rotating wrinkles remaining in a clay molded body. However, there is still room for improvement with this extruder.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion molding machine that can further eliminate rotational flaws of a molded product than in the past .

The object of the present invention is rotatably provided between an extrusion chamber provided with an extrusion screw conveyor for conveying a raw material mainly composed of clay, a nozzle having a raw material discharge port, and the extrusion chamber and the nozzle. A cylindrical rotating body, a driving hand thrower that rotationally drives the rotating body, and an internal arrangement of the rotating body that is rotationally driven integrally with the extrusion screw conveyor to rotate the raw material while rotating the raw material. Auxiliary conveying means for flowing toward the nozzle, and the rotating body is rotated by the driving means in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the extrusion screw conveyor, thereby turning the raw material toward the nozzle. A swirl flow means for flowing, and a plurality of swirl flow means are arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating body; It is achieved by an extrusion molding machine which is arranged between the turning flow means.

  In this extrusion molding machine, it is preferable that the swirl flow means includes a plurality of swirl blades arranged radially around the axis of the rotating body.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said auxiliary | assistant conveyance means is equipped with the several rotating blade radially extended from the center part, and is inserted in the extended shaft extended toward the said nozzle from the front-end | tip of the said extrusion screw conveyor.

According to the present invention, it is possible to finely adjust the relative rotational speeds of the auxiliary conveying means and the swirling flow means that rotate in the opposite directions, so that the rotational flaw of the molded product can be further eliminated than before. An extruder can be provided.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an extruder according to an embodiment of the present invention. This extrusion molding machine is configured by providing a rotating body 30 between an extrusion chamber 21 fixed to a support 4 and a nozzle 41 in the conventional extrusion molding machine shown in FIG. Constituent parts similar to those of a conventional extruder are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating body 30 is a cylindrical member having a plurality of swirling fluid bodies 100 arranged on the inner peripheral surface thereof at regular intervals along the axis thereof, and both ends thereof are bearings 32. And it is rotatably supported by being fitted around the extrusion chamber 21 and the nozzle 41 through the oil seal 33, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 2 (DD sectional view of FIG. 1), the swirling fluid 100 includes a plurality of swirling blades 39 arranged radially around the axis of the rotating body 30. The swirl vane 39 is a thin plate-like member, and is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating body 30 so that the normal direction is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction of the rotating body 30.
The oil seal 33 is intended to prevent the raw material from flowing out to the outside and to maintain an internal vacuum state when the vacuum pump 51 is depressurized, and instead of the oil seal 33 or together with the oil seal 33. Alternatively, a mechanical seal or an O-ring may be used.

  The rotation axis of the rotating body 30 coincides with the rotation axis of the extrusion screw conveyor 24 and is disposed on a horizontal plane.

  A driven gear 34 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 30, and the driven gear 34 meshes with a drive gear 36 connected to an electric motor 35 as drive means. The electric motor 35 rotationally drives the rotating body 30 via the drive gear 36 and the driven gear 34 so that the rotating body 30 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the extrusion screw conveyor 24, and the raw material is produced by the action of the swirl vanes 39. Is conveyed in the direction of arrow C. The rotational speed of the rotating body 30 can be controlled to a desired value by adjusting the voltage applied to the electric motor 35.

  The power transmission from the electric motor 35 to the rotating body 30 can be performed using a belt, a chain, or the like, in addition to the method using the gear described above. In addition to the above method, the rotational speed of the rotating body 30 is controlled by, for example, fixing a plurality of driven gears having different numbers of teeth to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body and moving the drive gear back and forth along the axis of the rotating body. It is also possible to configure such that the driven gear meshing with the drive gear can be selected.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 (cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 1), the auxiliary transport body 110 is provided between the adjacent swirl fluids 100 and 100 inside the rotating body 30. The auxiliary transport body 110 is inserted into an extension shaft 37 extending from the tip of the extrusion screw conveyor 24 toward the nozzle 41, and is fitted through a key 37 a provided on the extension shaft 37 via the extension shaft 37. It is formed so as to be integrated with the extrusion screw conveyor 24. In addition, the auxiliary transport body 110 includes a plurality of swirl vanes 38 that extend radially from the center, and the swirl vanes 38 are opposite to the swirl vanes 39 of the swirl fluid 100 shown in FIG. It is formed to become.

  According to the extruder configured as described above, the raw material supplied to the hobber 1 is rotated while being kneaded by the operations of the kneading screw conveyor 14 and the extrusion screw conveyor 24 in the same manner as the conventional extrusion molding machine. Pumped to the body 30.

  In the raw material sent to the rotating body 30, a rotating rod such as a twist based on the rotating action of the extrusion screw conveyor 24 remains. However, since the rotary body 30 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the extrusion screw conveyor 24 by the operation of the electric motor 35, the raw material is supplied to the extrusion screw conveyor 24 by the rotary blades 39 of the rotary fluid 100 included in the rotary body 30. It is conveyed toward the nozzle 41 side while a turning force in the direction opposite to the rotation direction is applied.

  Further, the swirl vane 38 of the auxiliary transport body 110 is opposite in direction to the swirl vane 39 of the swirl fluid 100 and rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the extrusion screw conveyor 24. By the swirl blades 110, the raw material is conveyed toward the nozzle 41 while being given a swirl force in the same direction as the rotation direction of the extrusion screw conveyor 24.

Thus, by providing the swirl flow means 100 and the auxiliary transport means 110 that alternately reverse the turning force acting on the raw material inside the rotating body 30 along the transport direction, the raw material inside the rotating body 30 can be easily obtained. While being able to convey, it becomes possible to eliminate the rotation flaw of the clay molded body pushed out from the discharge port 42a. Therefore, even after passing through the drying step and the firing step, distortion and cracks do not occur in the clay molded body, and the quality and yield can be maintained satisfactorily.
The auxiliary transport body 110 is preferably formed so that the clearance between the tip of the swirl vane 38 and the inner peripheral surface of the rotating body 30 is small, and the swirl fluid 100 has a clearance from the outer peripheral surface of the extension shaft 37. It is preferably formed so as to be small. Thereby, the rotational wrinkles of the raw material can be reliably eliminated.

Since the rotary rod of the raw material inside the rotary body 30 is eliminated by the interaction between the rotation of the extrusion screw conveyor 24 and the rotation of the rotary body 30, the rotational speed of the rotary body 30 adjusts the operating voltage of the electric motor 35. For example, it is preferable to control to the optimum value corresponding to the rotational speed of the extrusion screw conveyor 24. Thereby, the quality fall of the clay molded object manufactured can be prevented reliably.
As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, the specific aspect of this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, the swirl fluid 100 and the auxiliary transport body 110 may each be provided with spiral blades instead of the swirl blades 39.38, and the spiral blades may be arranged so as not to interfere with each other.
Further, in this embodiment, the swirling fluids 100 are arranged at a certain interval. However, if the swirling fluids 100 do not interfere with the auxiliary carrier 110, the spacing between the adjacent swirling fluids 100, 100 is particularly constant. Need not be.

It is side surface sectional drawing of the extrusion molding machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is DD sectional drawing of FIG. It is EE sectional drawing of FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing of the conventional extrusion molding machine. It is a front view of a nozzle.

Explanation of symbols

21 Extrusion chamber 24 Extrusion screw conveyor 30 Rotor 35 Conduction motor 37 Extension shaft 39 Swirling blade 41 Nozzle 42a Discharge port 100 Swirling fluid 110 Auxiliary transport body

Claims (3)

An extrusion chamber equipped with an extrusion screw conveyor for conveying raw materials mainly composed of clay;
A nozzle having a discharge port for raw materials;
A cylindrical rotating body rotatably provided between the extrusion chamber and the nozzle;
Driving hand throwing to rotate the rotating body;
Auxiliary conveying means arranged inside the rotating body and driven to rotate integrally with the extrusion screw conveyor to flow the raw material toward the nozzle while turning,
The rotating body is provided with swirl fluid means for causing the raw material to flow toward the nozzle while swirling by being driven to rotate in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the extrusion screw conveyor by the driving means,
A plurality of the swirling flow means are arranged at intervals along the axis of the rotating body,
The auxiliary conveying means is disposed between the adjacent swirl flow means ,
An extrusion molding machine in which the relative rotational speed of the swirling flow means with respect to the auxiliary conveying means can be finely adjusted . 2. The extruder according to claim 1, wherein the swirl flow means includes a plurality of swirl blades arranged radially around an axis of the rotating body. The extrusion molding machine according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary conveyance unit includes a plurality of swirl blades extending radially from a central portion, and is inserted into an extension shaft extending from the tip of the extrusion screw conveyor toward the nozzle.

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